CN111517757B - Sintering method and device for hollow ceramic microspheres - Google Patents
Sintering method and device for hollow ceramic microspheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN111517757B CN111517757B CN201910103088.2A CN201910103088A CN111517757B CN 111517757 B CN111517757 B CN 111517757B CN 201910103088 A CN201910103088 A CN 201910103088A CN 111517757 B CN111517757 B CN 111517757B
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
- F27B17/005—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery with cylindrical chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
- F27B17/0075—Heating devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/36—Glass starting materials for making ceramics, e.g. silica glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/04—Sintering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a sintering method and a device of hollow ceramic microspheres, the method comprises a first step of quickly mixing fuel gas and combustion-supporting air to react to form stable and continuous high-temperature flame, a second step of atomizing material particles and then uniformly dispersing the atomized material particles into a flame reaction area, and a third step of sintering the material particles by the high-temperature flame and then cooling the material particles to obtain a hollow ceramic microsphere product; the sintering device includes: the device comprises a combustion-supporting air shell, a combustion cylinder, a powder conveying pipeline and a gas uniform dilution pipe; the combustion-supporting air shell is communicated with a combustion-supporting air inlet pipe, the combustion barrel is coaxially arranged in the combustion-supporting air shell, the combustion-supporting air shell is provided with a plurality of outlet pipes communicated with the combustion barrel, the combustion barrel is connected with an igniter, and the powder conveying pipeline and the gas uniform dilution pipe are arranged at one end of the combustion barrel. The hollow ceramic microsphere product with light weight, high strength, low oil absorption rate, good sound insulation, flame retardance and electrical insulation, low heat conduction, wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be prepared at low cost by adopting the preparation method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of hollow ceramic microspheres, in particular to a sintering method and a sintering device of hollow ceramic microspheres.
Background
The hollow ceramic microsphere is grey white in appearance, is a loose powder material with good fluidity, mainly comprises silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, has the diameter of 5-1000 mu m, and has the characteristics of good sound insulation, flame retardance and electrical insulation, small density, low oil absorption rate, high strength and good stability, can be widely used as an additive of well cementation slurry in oil and natural gas exploitation, and can also be used as a heat insulation material, a fire-resistant and light coating, a polymer composite material, aerospace light parts, building decoration materials such as ship industry, electronic components, putty powder, putty material and the like, artificial marble, natural and synthetic wood pulp and an auxiliary agent in products thereof, and the like.
The main methods for producing hollow ceramic microspheres at present comprise a solid-phase powder method, a liquid-phase atomization method and a soft chemical method, and the three methods have advantages and disadvantages respectively. The liquid phase atomization method has the problems of high hygroscopicity and low compressive strength of products; the soft chemical method has the defect of poor product stability; the solid-phase powder method has the problems of high energy consumption, difficult control of particle size distribution and easy occurrence of wall-hanging adhesion.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems existing in the existing method for producing the hollow ceramic microspheres, the invention provides a sintering method and a sintering device for the hollow ceramic microspheres, and aims to solve the problems that the hollow ceramic microspheres are high in energy consumption and easy to cause wall-hanging adhesion in the firing process.
The technical means adopted by the invention to achieve the above purpose are as follows.
A sintering method of hollow ceramic microspheres comprises the following steps.
Step one, enabling the fuel gas to uniformly enter a flame reaction zone in a direction parallel to the axis, and enabling combustion-supporting air to enter the reaction zone in a direction perpendicular to the axis and to be mixed with the fuel gas to perform combustion reaction to form stable and continuous high-temperature flame.
And step two, uniformly dispersing the material particles to a flame reaction zone in an atomized state, ensuring that certain distance exists between the particles, and enabling the particles to be in a rotating state.
And thirdly, sintering the material particles through high-temperature flame, naturally cooling to room temperature, and collecting the hollow ceramic microsphere product.
The high-temperature flame in the first step can meet the use requirement by adjusting the gas quantity and the combustion-supporting air quantity.
The materials adopted in the second step are composed of one or more of glass, fly ash, coal gangue, mineral powder, slag and the like, and the main components are silicon-aluminum oxide and metal oxide.
The high temperature flame temperature range in the third step is 700-2000 ℃.
An apparatus for sintering hollow ceramic microbeads, comprising: the device comprises a combustion-supporting air shell, a combustion cylinder, a powder conveying pipeline and a gas uniform dilution pipe; the combustion-supporting air shell is communicated with a combustion-supporting air inlet pipe, the combustion cylinder is coaxially arranged in the combustion-supporting air shell, a plurality of outlet pipes which are arranged in a direction vertical to the axis direction of the combustion cylinder are arranged on the combustion cylinder, the outlet pipes penetrate through the combustion cylinder to enable the combustion-supporting air shell to be communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder, and the combustion cylinder is also provided with an igniter; the powder conveying pipeline is arranged at one end of the combustion cylinder in a direction parallel to the axis of the combustion cylinder and penetrates through the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder to extend to the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder, a powder conveying gas inlet is formed in one side, located outside the combustion cylinder, of the powder conveying pipeline, and one end, located outside the combustion cylinder, of the powder conveying pipeline is communicated with a powder inlet pipe; the gas uniform dilution pipe is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the powder conveying pipeline, one end of the gas uniform dilution pipe penetrates through the combustion barrel and extends to the inner cavity of the combustion barrel, and one end, located outside the combustion barrel, of the gas uniform dilution pipe is communicated with a gas fuel inlet pipe.
The upper inner side and the lower inner side of the combustion cylinder are respectively provided with a plurality of outlet pipes which are arranged in a direction vertical to the axis direction of the combustion cylinder, and the outlet pipes penetrate through the combustion cylinder, so that the combustion-supporting air shell is communicated with the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder.
The sintering device for the hollow ceramic microspheres further comprises a powder atomization air pipeline, wherein the powder atomization air pipeline is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the powder conveying pipeline, and the interior of the powder atomization air pipeline is communicated with the interior of the powder conveying pipeline; one end of the powder atomization air pipeline penetrates through the combustion barrel and extends to the inner cavity of the combustion barrel, and the powder atomization air pipeline is located at one end of the outer portion of the combustion barrel and communicated with a powder atomization air inlet.
The powder conveying pipeline is connected with a powder atomizer chassis at one end of the inner cavity of the combustion barrel, a powder distributor is communicated with one side of the powder atomizer chassis, and a powder atomizer cyclone cover is further connected at one end of the powder conveying pipeline, which is located in the inner cavity of the combustion barrel.
The technical effects produced by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a sintering method and a sintering device for hollow ceramic microspheres, which solve the problems that the hollow ceramic microspheres are high in energy consumption and easy to adhere to each other on a wall in the firing process; in the sintering device for the hollow ceramic microspheres, a plurality of outlet pipes which are arranged in a direction vertical to the axial line of the combustion cylinder body can be arranged on the upper inner side and the lower inner side of the combustion cylinder body, and the outlet pipes penetrate through the combustion cylinder body, so that the connectivity between a combustion-supporting air shell and an inner cavity of the combustion cylinder body is better; the invention can prepare hollow ceramic microsphere products with light weight, high strength, low oil absorption rate, good sound insulation, flame retardance and electrical insulation, low heat conduction, wear resistance and corrosion resistance at low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention discloses a process flow schematic diagram of a sintering method of hollow ceramic microspheres.
FIG. 2: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a sintering device for hollow ceramic microspheres.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a sintering method and a device of hollow ceramic microspheres, which are mainly realized by the following technical scheme: enabling the fuel gas to uniformly enter a flame reaction zone in a direction parallel to the axis direction, enabling combustion-supporting air to enter the reaction zone in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction, and rapidly mixing with the fuel gas to generate a violent combustion reaction to form stable and continuous high-temperature flame; the material particles are uniformly dispersed to a flame reaction area in an atomized state, a certain distance is ensured to exist between the particles, the particles are in a high-speed rotation state, the material is rapidly sintered by high-temperature flame and then naturally cooled to room temperature, and the hollow ceramic microsphere product which is light in weight, high in strength, low in oil absorption rate, good in sound insulation, flame retardance and electrical insulation, low in heat conduction, wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant is prepared at low cost.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the process flow chart of the invention in FIG. 1, the sintering method of the hollow ceramic microspheres comprises the following steps.
Step one, enabling the fuel gas to uniformly enter a flame reaction zone in a direction parallel to the axis, and enabling combustion-supporting air to enter the reaction zone in a direction perpendicular to the axis and to be rapidly mixed with the fuel gas to generate a violent combustion reaction to form stable and continuous high-temperature flame.
And step two, uniformly dispersing the material particles to a flame reaction area in an atomized state, ensuring that certain distance exists between the particles, and enabling the particles to rotate at a high speed.
And thirdly, rapidly sintering the material particles through high-temperature flame, naturally cooling to room temperature, and collecting the hollow ceramic microsphere product.
In the first step, high-temperature flame formed by the reaction of fuel gas and combustion-supporting air can meet the use requirement by adjusting the fuel gas quantity and the combustion-supporting air quantity in a large range; the materials adopted in the second step are composed of one or more of glass, fly ash, coal gangue, mineral powder, slag and the like, and the main components are silicon-aluminum oxide and metal oxide; the high temperature flame temperature range in the third step is 700-2000 ℃.
The hollow ceramic microsphere product prepared by the sintering method has the true density of 0.6-1.5g/ml, the compressive strength of 2000-15000psi and the floating rate of 10-95%.
Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the sintering apparatus for hollow ceramic microspheres according to the present invention, which includes a combustion-supporting air casing 1, a combustion cylinder 2, a powder conveying pipeline 5, a gas uniform dilution pipe 3, and a powder atomization air pipeline 4.
One side at the top of combustion-supporting air casing 1 communicates with combustion-supporting air inlet pipe E, combustion barrel 2 is coaxially arranged in combustion-supporting air casing 1, the upper and lower inner sides of combustion barrel 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of vertically arranged (perpendicular to the direction of axis I of combustion barrel 2) outlet pipes 12, the outlet pipes 12 penetrate through combustion barrel 2, combustion-supporting air casing 1 is communicated with the inner cavity of combustion barrel 2, the bottom of one side of the inner cavity of combustion barrel 2 is fixedly connected with igniter 10, and a plurality of igniters can also be connected.
The powder conveying pipeline 5 is arranged at one end of the combustion cylinder 2, the axis of the powder conveying pipeline is parallel to the axis I of the combustion cylinder 2, and the powder conveying pipeline penetrates through the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 2 and extends to the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 2; powder conveying pipeline 5 is located the outside one side of burning barrel 2 and has seted up powder conveying gas import A, and powder conveying pipeline 5 is located the outside top intercommunication of burning barrel 2 and has had powder import pipe B.
Powder atomizing air duct 4 sets up in powder pipeline 5's the outside coaxially to the inside of powder atomizing air duct 4 and powder pipeline 5's inside intercommunication, the one end of powder atomizing air duct 4 runs through combustion barrel 2, and extends to combustion barrel 2's inner chamber, and the top intercommunication that powder atomizing air duct 4 is located combustion barrel 2 outside has powder atomizing gas import C.
The gas evenly dilutes the pipe 3 and sets up in the outside of powder atomizing air duct 4 coaxially, and the one end of the gas evenly dilutes pipe 3 runs through the burning barrel 2 to extend to the inner chamber of burning barrel 2, the top intercommunication that the gas evenly dilutes pipe 3 and is located the burning barrel 2 outside has gas fuel import pipe D.
One end of the powder conveying pipeline 5, which is positioned in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 2, is connected with a powder atomizer chassis 7, and the left side of the powder atomizer chassis 7 is communicated with a powder distributor 9; one end of the powder conveying pipeline 5, which is positioned in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder 2, is also connected with a powder atomizer cyclone cover 8.
When the amount of the gaseous fuel is 30Nm3H, combustion-supporting air quantity is 100 Nm3The obtained hollow ceramic microsphere product has the true density of 0.8g/ml, the floating rate of 90 percent and the compressive strength of 4000 psi. In the sintering device for the hollow ceramic microspheres of the embodiment, the upper inner side and the lower inner side of the combustion cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a plurality of outlet pipes 12 which are arranged in a direction vertical to the axial line of the combustion cylinder, and the outlet pipes 12 penetrate through the combustion cylinder 2, so that the connectivity of the inner cavities of the combustion-supporting air shell 1 and the combustion cylinder 2 is better, and the upper side and the lower side are betterEqual perpendicular air inlet, the circulation of air current is better, mixes more evenly, and the required gas volume of this embodiment is low moreover, does not have the wall built-up adhesion phenomenon.
In the embodiment, fuel gas enters the flame reaction zone (the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder) in the horizontal direction (the direction of the axis I), and combustion-supporting air enters the flame reaction zone in the vertical direction (the direction perpendicular to the axis I), so that the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting air respectively enter the reaction zone in the mutually perpendicular directions to generate combustion reaction. It should be understood that any other means for achieving the effect that the "fuel gas and the combustion air" enter the flame reaction zone respectively in the direction perpendicular to each other may be adopted, and all the means fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The sintering method of the hollow ceramic microspheres is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, enabling fuel gas to uniformly enter a flame reaction zone in a direction parallel to an axis, enabling combustion-supporting air to enter the reaction zone in a direction perpendicular to the axis, mixing the combustion-supporting air with the fuel gas, and performing combustion reaction to form stable and continuous high-temperature flame;
secondly, uniformly dispersing the material particles into a flame reaction zone in an atomized state, ensuring that certain distance exists between the particles, and enabling the particles to be in a rotating state;
and thirdly, sintering the material particles through high-temperature flame, naturally cooling to room temperature, and collecting the hollow ceramic microsphere product.
2. The method for sintering hollow ceramic microspheres according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature flame in the first step can meet the use requirement by adjusting the gas quantity and the combustion-supporting air quantity.
3. The method for sintering hollow ceramic microspheres as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature flame temperature in step three is in the range of 700-.
4. A sintering device for hollow ceramic microspheres is characterized by comprising:
the combustion-supporting air device comprises a combustion-supporting air shell (1), wherein the combustion-supporting air shell (1) is communicated with a combustion-supporting air inlet pipe (E);
the combustion air shell comprises a combustion barrel (2), wherein the combustion barrel (2) is coaxially arranged in a combustion-supporting air shell (1), a plurality of outlet pipes (12) which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis (I) of the combustion barrel (2) are arranged on the combustion barrel (2), the outlet pipes (12) penetrate through the combustion barrel (2), so that the combustion-supporting air shell (1) is communicated with an inner cavity of the combustion barrel (2), and an igniter (10) is further arranged on the combustion barrel (2);
the powder conveying pipeline (5) is arranged at one end of the combustion cylinder (2) in a direction parallel to the axis (I) of the combustion cylinder (2) and penetrates through the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder (2); a powder conveying gas inlet (A) is formed in one side, located outside the combustion cylinder (2), of the powder conveying pipeline (5), and a powder inlet pipe (B) is communicated with one end, located outside the combustion cylinder (2), of the powder conveying pipeline (5);
the gas uniform dilution pipe (3) is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the powder conveying pipeline (5), one end of the gas uniform dilution pipe (3) penetrates through the combustion cylinder (2) and extends to the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder (2), and one end, located outside the combustion cylinder (2), of the gas uniform dilution pipe (3) is communicated with a gas fuel inlet pipe (D);
one end of the powder conveying pipeline (5) positioned in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder (2) is connected with a cyclone cover (8) of the powder atomizer.
5. An apparatus for sintering hollow ceramic microbeads according to claim 4, wherein said combustion cylinder (2) is provided at the upper and lower inner sides thereof with a plurality of outlet pipes (12) arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis (I) of the combustion cylinder (2), respectively.
6. The sintering device of hollow ceramic microspheres according to claim 4, further comprising a powder atomization air duct (4), wherein the powder atomization air duct (4) is coaxially arranged outside the powder conveying duct (5), and the inside of the powder atomization air duct (4) is communicated with the inside of the powder conveying duct (5); one end of the powder atomization air pipeline (4) penetrates through the combustion cylinder body (2) and extends to the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder body (2), and the powder atomization air pipeline (4) is located at one end of the outer portion of the combustion cylinder body (2) and is communicated with a powder atomization air inlet (C).
7. The sintering device for hollow ceramic microbeads according to claim 6, wherein one end of the powder conveying pipeline (5) located in the inner cavity of the combustion cylinder (2) is connected with a powder atomizer chassis (7).
8. The sintering device of hollow ceramic microspheres according to claim 7, wherein one side of the powder atomizer base plate (7) is communicated with a powder distributor (9).
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| US20040266605A1 (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-12-30 | Villalobos Guillermo R. | Spinel and process for making same |
| KR100917969B1 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2009-09-17 | 셀룬코리아(주) | The manufacturing method of Ceramic hollow micro sphere using sprayed sol by ultrasonic |
| CN101066873A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2007-11-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Plasma spraying pyrolyzing process of preparing nanometer hollow oxide microsphere powder |
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| GB201700878D0 (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2017-03-01 | Univ Hohai | Method for coating metal nanoparticles on surface of oxide ceramic poowder |
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