CN111515381A - High-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- BLOIXGFLXPCOGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ti].[Sn] BLOIXGFLXPCOGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UNQHSZOIUSRWHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum molybdenum Chemical compound [Al].[Mo] UNQHSZOIUSRWHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 aluminum-vanadium-iron Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HIMLGVIQSDVUJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum vanadium Chemical compound [Al].[V] HIMLGVIQSDVUJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000883 Ti6Al4V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000797 Ultra-high-strength steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy materials, in particular to high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof. The powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.5-7.5% of Al, 1-5% of Mo, 1-3% of Sn, 1-3% of Zr, 1-3% of Cr, 1-3% of V, less than or equal to 1% of Fe, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurity elements. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing alloy raw materials uniformly, pressing the mixture into an electrode, smelting the electrode into an ingot through vacuum self-consumption, forging the ingot into a bar, and finally preparing the titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization method. The high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing can realize high-strength/high-toughness matching of a titanium alloy member, and meets the requirements of the aviation field on high-strength and high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy member manufactured by laser additive manufacturing.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloy materials, in particular to high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof.
Background art:
the titanium alloy has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and has very important application in the fields of aerospace, medical treatment and the like. In recent years, with the increasing requirements of high-performance airplanes on long service life, high safety, high reliability and light weight, more and more extreme requirements are put on matching strength and toughness of light structural materials such as titanium alloy and the like. Therefore, the research and development of novel high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy capable of replacing ultrahigh-strength steel and being used for large aviation structural members are paid attention from various countries in the world. The high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy generally has tensile strength of over 1000MPa and fracture toughness of 55 MPa.m1/2The above titanium alloy. From the material point of view, the amount of steel and titanium alloy in most airplane body structures at present accounts for a considerable proportion (Boeing 787 airplane, the amount of steel is up to 10%, and the amount of titanium alloy is up to 15%). If the original steel-selected part of the main bearing structure of the machine body is replaced by the light high-strength titanium alloy, the weight of the machine body can be greatly reduced; the high-toughness titanium alloy is selected for the main bearing structure of the machine body, the fatigue crack propagation rate can be greatly reduced, and the fatigue life is prolonged. However, the toughness of the material is improved by using the traditional manufacturing technology, the strength is usually required to be reduced, and the contradiction between the strength and the toughness is difficult to solve. Fast setting laser additiveThe supernormal physical metallurgical condition and the controllable specific microstructure of the manufacturing technology provide a brand new way for manufacturing the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy large-scale integral component. However, in the research and development aspects of high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy at home and abroad, the design is carried out according to the characteristics of the traditional manufacturing technology, and because the laser material increase manufacturing technology is completely different from the traditional technology, the strengthening and toughening rules of the alloy are different, and a special high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy design method for laser material increase manufacturing is not formed at present.
Based on the problems, the research and development of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder material for laser additive manufacturing have important significance for promoting the service life, safety and reliability of civil aircrafts in China, and strengthening the independent innovation capability and market competitiveness.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof, wherein the tensile strength of the titanium alloy is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa, and the fracture toughness is more than 70 MPa.m1/2And the good matching of high strength and high toughness of the titanium alloy is realized.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.5-7.5% of Al, 1-5% of Mo, 1-3% of Sn, 1-3% of Zr, 1-3% of Cr, 1-3% of V, less than or equal to 1% of Fe, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurity elements, wherein in the impurity elements of the titanium alloy powder, N is less than or equal to 0.03%, H is less than or equal to 0.0125%, and O is less than or equal to 0.2%.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing comprises the steps of firstly preparing a titanium alloy bar, and then preparing the titanium alloy powder by a crucible-free electrode induction melting gas atomization technology.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting of cast ingots: preparing materials according to required alloy components, uniformly mixing the alloy raw materials, pressing the mixture into an electrode, and smelting the electrode into an alloy ingot through vacuum consumable melting;
(2) preparing a bar material: forging the cast ingot into a titanium alloy bar by adopting a quick forging machine and a precision forging machine;
(3) powder preparation: according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, a bar with the diameter of 40-70 mm is processed into an electrode, and the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology.
In the step (1), the Al element is made of pure aluminum, an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy or an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy, the V element is made of an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy or an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy, the Mo element is made of an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, the Sn element is made of a titanium-tin intermediate alloy, the Ti element is made of sponge titanium or a titanium-tin intermediate alloy, the Fe element is made of an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy, other elements are added in a simple substance state, and the purity is over 99.9 wt%.
The preparation method of the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing comprises the following steps of (2) preparing a bar material: firstly, forging into a bar with the diameter of 110-120 mm by adopting a quick forging machine at 1050-1150 ℃; then, a precision forging machine is adopted, the forging temperature is 950-970 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 40-70 mm are forged.
The design idea of the invention is as follows: the invention adopts an alloying method, combines the characteristics of a laser additive manufacturing technology, and generates the functions of dispersion strengthening, solid solution strengthening and the like by adding a plurality of alloy elements so as to improve the toughness of the titanium alloy member manufactured by laser additive manufacturing, thereby realizing the high-strength/high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy member manufactured by laser additive manufacturing.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. compared with the traditional TC4 titanium alloy, the components of the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder provided by the invention are added with a plurality of alloy elements. By adding the alloy elements, the additive manufacturing component can be subjected to dispersion strengthening and solid solution strengthening effects.
2. The tensile strength of the alloy in the component range of the invention is more than 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than 1000MPa,fracture toughness of more than 70MPa m1/2Compared with TC4 alloy, the strength and plasticity of the design target are obviously improved, the high-strength/high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy component manufactured by laser additive manufacturing is realized, and the extreme requirements of civil aircrafts on the high-strength and high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy in the future are met.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in the specific implementation process, the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: al: 4.5-7.5%, Mo: 1-5%, Sn: 1-3%, Zr: 1-3%, Cr: 1-3%, V: 1-3%, Fe is less than or equal to 1%, and the balance is Ti and inevitable impurity elements. The high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder is characterized by comprising the following components in part by weight: the action rules of the alloy elements in the forming and subsequent heat treatment processes are comprehensively considered, the content of the alloy elements is strictly controlled, and the formation of harmful phases is inhibited through the interaction among the alloy elements, so that the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder is obtained.
The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing alloy raw materials uniformly, pressing the mixture into an electrode, smelting the electrode into an ingot through vacuum self-consumption, forging the ingot into a bar, and finally preparing the titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing by adopting a crucible-free electrode induction melting gas atomization technology (EIGA method).
The technical process of the crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging a rod (atomizing powder electrode) → starting the equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing powder, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the atomization pressure is 20-50 bar, the power is 15-20 kW, the feeding rate is 30-50 mm/min, and the gas flow is 1000-1100 Nm3and/H. The titanium alloy powder is prepared into a titanium alloy sample through a laser additive manufacturing process, and is subjected to solid solution and aging treatment, wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: preserving heat for 1-5 h at 900-960 ℃, and water quenching to room temperature; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature for 3-5 h at 500-600 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace. After solid solution and aging treatment, the mechanical property indexes of the titanium alloy sample are as follows: the tensile strength is 1100-1300 MPa, the yield strength is 1000-1200 MPa, and the fracture toughness is 70-90 MPa.m1/2。
The performance detection results of the member manufactured by the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder show that compared with the Ti-6Al-4V alloy manufactured by the existing laser additive manufacturing, the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing can realize the high-strength/high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy member and meet the requirements of the aviation field on the high-strength and high-toughness matching of the titanium alloy member manufactured by the laser additive manufacturing.
The following examples are only a part of the examples of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the formula of the titanium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al: 6.0%, Mo: 3.0%, Sn: 2.0%, Zr: 2.0%, Cr: 2.0%, V: 1.0%, N: 0.02%, H: 0.01%, O: 0.15 percent, and the balance being Ti; the preparation process of the powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of sponge titanium, AlV intermediate alloy, Al beans, aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, titanium tin intermediate alloy and other elemental state elements according to a component ratio, pressing the mixture into an electrode, carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable melting to obtain an ingot, and forging the ingot into a bar by adopting a fast forging machine and a precision forging machine, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: a rapid forging machine, wherein the forging temperature is 1100 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 110-120 mm are forged; and (3) forging the steel bar into a bar with the diameter of 40-50 mm by using a precision forging machine at the forging temperature of 960 ℃.
Processing a bar with the diameter of 45mm into an electrode according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, wherein the size of the atomized powder electrode is phi 40 mm; the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology, and the technical process of the crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging rod → opening equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing for powder preparation, and the process parameters are as follows: atomization pressure 34bar, power 18kW, feed rate 38mm/min, gas flow 1020Nm3and/H. The mechanical properties of the formed alloy of the embodiment are shown in table 1 after the titanium alloy sample is prepared by a laser additive manufacturing process and subjected to solid solution and aging treatment;wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 900 ℃ for 5h, and quenching the mixture to room temperature by water; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: 540 preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace.
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of the shaped specimens in example 1
As can be seen from table 1, the alloy prepared in example 1 has a good high strength/high toughness match and its properties are significantly better than the TC4 alloy.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the formula of the titanium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0% of Al, 2.0% of Mo, 2.0% of Sn2.0%, 2.0% of Zr, 2.0% of Cr, 2.0% of V, 0.01% of N, 0.006% of H, 0.12% of O and the balance of Ti; the preparation process of the powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of sponge titanium, AlV intermediate alloy, Al beans, aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, titanium tin intermediate alloy and other elemental state elements according to a component ratio, pressing the mixture into an electrode, carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable melting to obtain an ingot, and forging the ingot into a bar by adopting a fast forging machine and a precision forging machine, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: a fast forging machine, wherein the forging temperature is 1050 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 110-120 mm are forged; and (3) forging the steel bar into a bar with the diameter of 40-50 mm by using a precision forging machine at the forging temperature of 950 ℃.
Processing a bar with the diameter of 50mm into an electrode according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, wherein the size of the atomized powder electrode is phi 45 mm; the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology, and the technical process of the crucible induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging rod → opening equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing for powder preparation, and the process parameters are as follows: atomization pressure 24bar, power 16kW, feed rate 38mm/min, gas flow 1020Nm3and/H. The mechanical properties of the formed alloy of this example after solid solution and aging treatment are shown in table 2. Wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 900 ℃ for 3h, and quenching the mixture to room temperature by water; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: 540 preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace.
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of the shaped specimens in example 2
As can be seen from table 2, the alloy prepared in example 2 has a good match of high strength/toughness and its properties are significantly better than the TC4 alloy.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the formula of the titanium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0 percent of Al, 3.0 percent of Mo, 2.0 percent of Sn2, 2.0 percent of Zr, 2.0 percent of Cr, 0.5 percent of Fe, 0.013 percent of N, 0.008 percent of H, 0.05 percent of O and the balance of Ti; the preparation process of the powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of sponge titanium, AlV intermediate alloy, Al beans, aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, titanium tin intermediate alloy, aluminum vanadium iron intermediate alloy and other elemental state elements according to a component ratio, pressing into an electrode, carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable melting to obtain an ingot, and forging the ingot into a bar by adopting a quick forging machine and a precision forging machine, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: a fast forging machine, wherein the forging temperature is 1150 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 110-120 mm are forged; and (3) forging the bar material into a bar material with the diameter of 50-60 mm by using a precision forging machine at the forging temperature of 970 ℃.
Processing a bar with the diameter of 55mm into an electrode according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, wherein the size of the atomized powder electrode is phi 50 mm; the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology, and the technical process of the crucible induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging rod → opening equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing for powder preparation, and the process parameters are as follows: atomization pressure 44bar, power 18kW, feed rate 38mm/min, gas flow 1020Nm3and/H. The mechanical properties of the formed alloy of this example after solid solution and aging treatment, which was prepared into a titanium alloy sample by a laser additive manufacturing process, are shown in table 3. Wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 920 ℃ for 2h, and performing water quenching to room temperature; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: 540 preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace.
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of the shaped specimens in example 3
As can be seen from table 3, the alloy prepared in example 3 has a good match of high strength/toughness and its properties are significantly better than the TC4 alloy.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the formula of the titanium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0% of Al, 3.0% of Mo, 2.0% of Sn2, 2.0% of Zr, 2.0% of Cr, 0.024% of N, 0.007% of H, 0.16% of O and the balance of Ti; the preparation process of the powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of sponge titanium, AlV intermediate alloy, Al beans, aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, titanium tin intermediate alloy and other elemental state elements according to a component ratio, pressing the mixture into an electrode, carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable melting to obtain an ingot, and forging the ingot into a bar by adopting a fast forging machine and a precision forging machine, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: forging the bar material into a bar material with the diameter of 110-120 mm by a rapid forging machine at the forging temperature of 1080 ℃; and (3) forging the steel bar into a bar with the diameter of 55-65 mm by using a precision forging machine at the forging temperature of 955 ℃.
Processing a bar with the diameter of 60mm into an electrode according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, wherein the size of the atomized powder electrode is phi 55 mm; the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology, and the technical process of the crucible induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging rod → opening equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing for powder preparation, and the process parameters are as follows: atomization pressure 24bar, power 20kW, feed rate 36mm/min, gas flow 1020Nm3and/H. The mechanical properties of the formed alloy of this example after solid solution and aging treatment, which was prepared into a titanium alloy sample by a laser additive manufacturing process, are shown in table 4. Wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 940 ℃ for 2h, and quenching the mixture to room temperature by water; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: 540 preserving the heat for 4 hours, and cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace.
TABLE 4 mechanical Properties of the shaped specimens in example 4
As can be seen from table 4, the alloy prepared in example 4 has a good match of high strength/toughness and its properties are significantly better than the TC4 alloy.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the formula of the titanium alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0% of Al, 4.0% of Mo, 2.0% of Sn2, 2.0% of Zr, 3.0% of Cr, 0.017% of N, 0.0068% of H, 0.09% of O and the balance of Ti; the preparation process of the powder comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing raw materials of sponge titanium, AlV intermediate alloy, Al beans, aluminum molybdenum intermediate alloy, titanium tin intermediate alloy and other elemental state elements according to a component ratio, pressing the mixture into an electrode, carrying out 3 times of vacuum consumable melting to obtain an ingot, and forging the ingot into a bar by adopting a fast forging machine and a precision forging machine, wherein the forging process comprises the following steps: a fast forging machine, wherein the forging temperature is 1120 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 110-120 mm are forged; and (3) forging the steel bar into a bar with the diameter of 60-70 mm by using a precision forging machine at the forging temperature of 965 ℃.
Processing a bar with the diameter of 65mm into an electrode according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, wherein the size of the atomized powder electrode is phi 60 mm; the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology, and the technical process of the crucible induction melting gas atomization technology comprises the following steps: washing the furnace → installing a nozzle → checking equipment → vacuumizing → hanging rod → opening equipment → adjusting air pressure → atomizing for powder preparation, and the process parameters are as follows: atomization pressure 24bar, power 12kW, feed rate 38mm/min, gas flow 1020Nm3and/H. The mechanical properties of the formed alloy of this example after solid solution and aging treatment, which was prepared into a titanium alloy sample by a laser additive manufacturing process, are shown in table 5. Wherein the solid solution treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 960 ℃ for 2h, and performing water quenching to room temperature; the aging treatment process comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 540 ℃ for 4h, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace.
TABLE 5 mechanical Properties of the shaped specimens in example 5
As can be seen from table 5, the alloy prepared in example 5 has a good match of high strength/toughness and its properties are significantly better than the TC4 alloy.
From the above embodiments, it can be seen that the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing and the preparation method thereof of the invention realize good matching of high strength and high toughness of a titanium alloy member manufactured by laser additive manufacturing.
The above embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Many modifications and variations will readily occur to those skilled in the art based upon the description of the embodiments herein, and it is intended that all such additional embodiments be included within the scope of the present invention without the exercise of inventive faculty. The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.5-7.5% of Al, 1-5% of Mo, 1-3% of Sn, 1-3% of Zr, 1-3% of Cr, 1-3% of V, less than or equal to 1% of Fe, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurity elements, wherein in the impurity elements of the titanium alloy powder, N is less than or equal to 0.03%, H is less than or equal to 0.0125%, and O is less than or equal to 0.2%.
2. The method for preparing the high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy bar is prepared first, and then the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free electrode induction molten gas atomization technology.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
(1) smelting of cast ingots: preparing materials according to required alloy components, uniformly mixing the alloy raw materials, pressing the mixture into an electrode, and smelting the electrode into an alloy ingot through vacuum consumable melting;
(2) preparing a bar material: forging the cast ingot into a titanium alloy bar by adopting a quick forging machine and a precision forging machine;
(3) powder preparation: according to the size of the atomized powder electrode, a bar with the diameter of 40-70 mm is processed into an electrode, and the titanium alloy powder is prepared by a crucible-free induction melting gas atomization technology.
4. The method for preparing high-strength and high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein in step (1), the Al element is made of pure aluminum, an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy or an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy, the V element is made of an aluminum-vanadium intermediate alloy or an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy, the Mo element is made of an aluminum-molybdenum intermediate alloy, the Sn element is made of a titanium-tin intermediate alloy, the Ti element is made of sponge titanium or a titanium-tin intermediate alloy, the Fe element is made of an aluminum-vanadium-iron intermediate alloy, and other elements are added in a single substance state, and the purity is more than 99.9 wt%.
5. The method for preparing the high-strength high-toughness titanium alloy powder for laser additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein the bar preparation process in the step (2) is as follows: firstly, forging into a bar with the diameter of 110-120 mm by adopting a quick forging machine at 1050-1150 ℃; then, a precision forging machine is adopted, the forging temperature is 950-970 ℃, and bars with the diameter of 40-70 mm are forged.
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Application publication date: 20200811 |