CN111514659A - Nano cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111514659A CN111514659A CN202010369177.4A CN202010369177A CN111514659A CN 111514659 A CN111514659 A CN 111514659A CN 202010369177 A CN202010369177 A CN 202010369177A CN 111514659 A CN111514659 A CN 111514659A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of air filter materials and preparation thereof, and discloses a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material and a preparation method thereof. Firstly, adding polyurethane particles into a solvent to obtain a polyurethane solution, and then adding a surfactant and silver nitrate particles to prepare an electrostatic spinning solution; then, an electrostatic spinning device is utilized to spray and cover the electrostatic spinning solution on the surface of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric to obtain a composite air filter material with one surface being a nano-cobweb fiber membrane; finally, the nano silver is generated in situ in the nano spider-web fiber membrane through ultraviolet irradiation. The air filter material is a fluffy three-dimensional net-shaped intercommunicating structure without bonding among fibers, and comprises a base material layer and a nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver, wherein the base material layer is polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric, and the nano-spider web fiber film layer is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers and one-dimensional nano fibers; has excellent filtering performance of high filtering efficiency and low resistance pressure drop, and also has good antibacterial performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air filter materials and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, air filter materials used in China industry in large quantity are manufactured based on glass fibers or melt-blown non-woven fabrics, have good filtering effect on particles with the size above micron, but have poor filtering efficiency on submicron and even nanoscale particles, and have the problems of large filtering resistance, small dust holding capacity, short service life and the like, so that the development of a novel high-efficiency low-resistance air filter material is urgently needed.
The nanofiber prepared by the electrostatic spinning technology has the characteristics of large specific surface area, high porosity, good internal pore connectivity and the like, has a filtering effect on particles of 1-2 mu m, can filter solid particles below 1 mu m even through an efficient air filtering membrane, and is an ideal material for preparing a high-performance filtering membrane. However, most of the fibers prepared by conventional electrostatic spinning are distributed between 100nm and 500nm in diameter, only belong to nano-scale fibers, are not real nano materials, still have the problems of low filtration efficiency, large resistance pressure drop, short service life and the like, and are difficult to meet the requirement of fine filtration. The nano-scale spider web is a novel fiber structure obtained by electrostatic spraying web technology, the electrostatic spinning fibers are used as a support to form a two-dimensional reticular fiber membrane material similar to a spider web shape, the average diameter of the fibers in the web can reach below 50nm, the average diameter is one order of magnitude lower than that of common electrostatic spinning fibers, and the nano-scale spider web has great application potential in the field of air filtration. However, the forming mechanism of the nano-scale cobweb is not completely clear at present, and the formation of a stable cobweb structure in the actual spinning process still has great chance.
In addition, when the air filtering membrane is used, the air filtering membrane is easily invaded by microbes such as bacteria, fungi and mold suspended in the air, and when the microbes attach to the air and are not polluted and deposited on the nanofiber membrane, the microbes can be rapidly propagated, so that not only is the air purification effect influenced, but also the service life of the nanofiber membrane is reduced, and therefore, the improvement of the antibacterial property of the air filtering membrane is an important research subject, but the prior art in the aspect is less. Chinese patent publication No. CN109603915A discloses a method for preparing a photocatalytic antibacterial nanofiber membrane for air purification, which improves antibacterial performance of the nanofiber membrane by adding a sophora flavescens extract into an electrostatic spinning solution. However, the sophora flavescens extracting solution used in the patent has high cost and is not suitable for industrial production.
From the above, the composite air filter material containing the nano-fibers in the spider-web shape, having antibacterial performance and being producible at low cost has good application prospects in the field of air filtration.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the air filter material provided by the present invention has excellent filtering performance with high filtering efficiency and low resistance pressure drop, and in addition, has good antibacterial performance.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding polyurethane particles into a solvent, and magnetically stirring to obtain a polyurethane solution with the concentration of 5-10 wt%;
s2, adding a surfactant into the polyurethane solution, magnetically stirring, then adding silver nitrate, and continuously magnetically stirring for 2-6 hours to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution; the mass percentage of silver nitrate in the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-0.9%;
s3, injecting the electrostatic spinning solution into an electrostatic spinning device, and spraying and covering the electrostatic spinning solution on the surface of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric through the electrostatic spinning device to obtain a composite air filtering material with one surface being a nano-cobweb fiber membrane;
and S4, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filtering material obtained in the step S3 for 10-40 min, and generating nano-silver in situ in the nano-cobweb fiber membrane to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material.
Preferably, in step S1, the solvent is one or more of toluene, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, dichloroethane, and butyl acetate.
Preferably, in step S1, the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.
Preferably, in the step S1, the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 30 to 90 ℃ and the time is 10 to 24 hours.
Preferably, in step S2, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Preferably, in step S2, the temperature of the magnetic stirring is 20 to 50 ℃.
Preferably, the electrostatic spinning device has the following operating conditions: the temperature is 0-60 ℃, the relative humidity is 15-80%, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-10 mL/h, the spinning voltage is 15-40 kV, and the acceptance distance is 5-30 cm.
The invention also provides a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material prepared by the preparation method, wherein the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material is a fluffy three-dimensional net-shaped intercommunicating structure without bonding among fibers and comprises a base material layer and a nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver; the substrate layer is a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric, the fiber diameter of the substrate layer is 0.5-15 mu m, and the pore size is 0.2-20 mu m; the nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine cobweb fibers and one-dimensional nano fibers; the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers have a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the diameter of the fibers in the web is 5-50 nm, and the coverage rate of the spider web is 95-100%; the one-dimensional nano-fiber has a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average diameter of the fiber is 200-700 nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention selects polyurethane with strong viscosity to fine particles as electrostatic spinning solute, and adds nitrate to replace divalent inorganic salt commonly used in the prior art to prepare electrostatic spinning solution, and sprays the electrostatic spinning solution to cover the surface of polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric to obtain the composite air filter material with one surface of a nano spider-web fiber membrane.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a nano-arachnoid fiber film layer containing nano-silver in a nano-arachnoid antibacterial composite air filtering material provided in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a nano-arachnoid fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-arachnoid antibacterial composite air filtering material provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a nano-arachnoid fiber film layer containing nano-silver in a nano-arachnoid antibacterial composite air filtering material provided in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of a nano-arachnoid fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-arachnoid antibacterial composite air filtering material provided in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of a sub-micron fiber film layer in an air filter material provided by a comparative example of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the antibacterial effect of the air filtering material of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an antibacterial effect diagram of the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
All of the starting materials of the present invention, without particular limitation as to their source, may be purchased commercially or prepared according to conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a preparation method of a nano cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding polyurethane particles into a solvent, and magnetically stirring to obtain a polyurethane solution with the concentration of 5-10 wt%;
s2, adding a surfactant into the polyurethane solution, magnetically stirring, then adding silver nitrate, and continuously magnetically stirring for 2-6 hours to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution; the mass percentage of silver nitrate in the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-0.9%;
s3, injecting the electrostatic spinning solution into an electrostatic spinning device, and spraying and covering the electrostatic spinning solution on the surface of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric through the electrostatic spinning device to obtain a composite air filtering material with one surface being a nano-cobweb fiber membrane;
and S4, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filtering material obtained in the step S3 for 10-40 min, and generating nano-silver in situ in the nano-cobweb fiber membrane to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material.
Specifically, firstly, adding polyurethane particles into a solvent, and uniformly stirring by using magnetic force to obtain a polyurethane solution, wherein the concentration of the polyurethane solution is 5-10 wt%, and the preferable concentration is 6-7 wt%; in this step, the solvent used is preferably one or more selected from the group consisting of toluene, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, dichloroethane and butyl acetate, more preferably N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), and the temperature of magnetic stirring is preferably 30 to 90 ℃, more preferably 50 ℃, and the time is preferably 10 to 24 hours, more preferably 24 hours.
After a polyurethane solution is obtained, adding a surfactant into the polyurethane solution, performing magnetic stirring, adding silver nitrate particles, and keeping the magnetic stirring for 2-6 hours, preferably 4 hours to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution, wherein the mass percentage of silver nitrate in the electrostatic spinning solution obtained in the step is 0.1-0.9%, and more preferably 0.5%; in the present invention, the surfactant must be compatible with the solvent used in the previous step, preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS) is used, and the temperature for magnetic stirring after adding the surfactant and after adding the silver nitrate particles is preferably 20 to 50 ℃, more preferably 50 ℃.
And then injecting the prepared electrostatic spinning solution into an electrostatic spinning device, and spraying and covering the electrostatic spinning solution on the surface of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric through the electrostatic spinning device to obtain the composite air filter material with one surface being the nano-cobweb fiber membrane. In the present invention, the operating conditions of the electrostatic spinning device are preferably: the temperature is 0-60 ℃, the relative humidity is 15-80%, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-10 mL/h, the spinning voltage is 15-40 kV, and the acceptance distance is 5-30 cm. More preferred operating conditions of the electrostatic spinning device are preferably: the temperature is 35 ℃, the relative humidity is 25-30%, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution is 1mL/h, the spinning voltage is 25-30 kV, and the acceptance distance is 15 cm. The polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabrics used in the preferred embodiments of the present invention are all available from Nantong beauty culture nonwoven fabrics Co., Ltd. and have a grammage of 20 g/square meter, which is only an explanation of the source of the polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabrics used in the preferred embodiments, and in fact, the present invention does not limit the source of the polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabrics, and the polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabrics are available from other companies or prepared by methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
And finally, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filtering material for 10-40 min, preferably for 30min, and generating nano-silver in situ in the nano-cobweb fiber membrane to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material.
The invention also provides a nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material prepared by the preparation method, which is a fluffy three-dimensional net-shaped intercommunication structure without bonding among fibers and comprises a substrate layer and a nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver; the substrate layer is a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric, the fiber diameter of the substrate layer is 0.5-15 mu m, and the pore size is 0.2-20 mu m; the nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine cobweb fibers and one-dimensional nano fibers; the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers have a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the diameter of the fibers in the web is 5-50 nm, and the coverage rate of the spider web is 90-100%; the one-dimensional nano-fiber has a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average diameter of the fiber is 200-700 nm.
Example 1
Adding 1.43g of polyurethane polymer particles into 18.95g of DMF solvent, magnetically stirring for 24h at 50 ℃ to obtain a 7 wt% polyurethane solution, adding 0.030g of surfactant SLS into the polyurethane solution, adding 0.101g of silver nitrate particles, and continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution. The method comprises the steps of adhering a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven material with the fiber diameter of 0.5-15 mu m and the pore size of 0.2-20 mu m to a receiving plate of an electrostatic spinning device, setting the spinning voltage to be 25kV, the receiving distance to be 15cm, the spinning speed to be 1mL/h, the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 25%, carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain a composite air filter material with a nano-cobweb fiber membrane on one surface, taking down the composite air filter material, and irradiating the surface with the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filter material for 30min by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-spider web antibacterial composite air filtering material of the embodiment is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers and one-dimensional nano-fibers, wherein the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers are distributed in the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver and present a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the coverage rate is 100%, the fiber diameter is 5 to 50nm, the one-dimensional nano-fibers have a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average fiber diameter is 200 to 700 nm.
Example 2
Adding 1.33g of polyurethane polymer particles into 17.67g of DMF solvent, magnetically stirring for 24h at 50 ℃ to obtain a 7 wt% polyurethane solution, adding 0.029g of surfactant SLS into the polyurethane solution, adding 0.098g of silver nitrate particles, and continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution. The method comprises the steps of adhering a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven material with the fiber diameter of 0.5-15 mu m and the pore size of 0.2-20 mu m to a receiving plate of an electrostatic spinning device, setting the spinning voltage to be 30kV, the receiving distance to be 15cm, the spinning speed to be 1mL/h, the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 26%, carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain a composite air filter material with a nano-cobweb fiber membrane on one surface, taking down the composite air filter material, and irradiating the surface with the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filter material for 30min by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-spider web antibacterial composite air filtering material of the embodiment is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers and one-dimensional nano-fibers, wherein the distribution of the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers in the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver is in a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the coverage rate is close to 100%, the fiber diameter is 5 to 50nm, the one-dimensional nano-fibers have a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average fiber diameter is 200 to 700 nm.
Example 3
Adding 1.29g of polyurethane polymer particles into 20.21g of DMF solvent, magnetically stirring for 24h at 50 ℃ to obtain a 6 wt% polyurethane solution, adding 0.032g of surfactant SLS into the polyurethane solution, adding 0.118g of silver nitrate particles, and continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution. The method comprises the steps of adhering a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven material with the fiber diameter of 0.5-15 mu m and the pore size of 0.2-20 mu m to a receiving plate of an electrostatic spinning device, setting the spinning voltage to be 25kV, the receiving distance to be 15cm, the spinning speed to be 1mL/h, the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 28%, carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain a composite air filter material with a nano-cobweb fiber membrane on one surface, taking down the composite air filter material, and irradiating the surface with the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filter material for 30min by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-spider web antibacterial composite air filtering material of the embodiment is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers and one-dimensional nano-fibers, wherein the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers are distributed in the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver in a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the coverage rate is 100%, the fiber diameter is 5 to 50nm, the one-dimensional nano-fibers have a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average fiber diameter is 200 to 700 nm.
Example 4
Adding 1.40g of polyurethane polymer particles into 18.60g of DMF solvent, magnetically stirring for 24h at 50 ℃ to obtain a 7 wt% polyurethane solution, adding 0.027g of surfactant SLS into the polyurethane solution, adding 0.106g of silver nitrate particles, and continuously stirring for 4h to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution. The method comprises the steps of adhering a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven material with the fiber diameter of 0.5-15 mu m and the pore size of 0.2-20 mu m to a receiving plate of an electrostatic spinning device, setting the spinning voltage to be 25kV, the receiving distance to be 15cm, the spinning speed to be 1mL/h, the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 30%, carrying out electrostatic spinning to obtain a composite air filter material with a nano-cobweb fiber membrane on one surface, taking down the composite air filter material, and irradiating the surface with the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filter material for 30min by adopting ultraviolet light to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver in the nano-spider web antibacterial composite air filtering material of the embodiment is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers and one-dimensional nano-fibers, wherein the distribution of the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers in the nano-spider web fiber film layer containing nano-silver is in a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the coverage rate is close to 100%, the fiber diameter is 5 to 50nm, the one-dimensional nano-fibers have a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average fiber diameter is 200 to 700 nm.
Comparative example
1.43g of polyurethane polymer particles were added to 18.95g of DMF solvent, magnetically stirred at 50 ℃ for 24h to give a 7 wt% polyurethane solution, and 0.03g of surfactant SLS was added to the polyurethane solution to give an electrospinning solution. And (2) sticking the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven material with the fiber diameter of 0.5-15 mu m and the pore size of 0.2-20 mu m onto a receiving plate of an electrostatic spinning device, and carrying out electrostatic spinning under the conditions of setting the spinning voltage to be 30kV, the receiving distance to be 15cm, the spinning speed to be 1mL/h, the temperature to be 35 ℃ and the relative humidity to be 25% to obtain the air filter material.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the fiber fineness of the air filter material of this comparative example was 200 to 700nm, and no nano-cobweb fiber was produced because only submicron fiber having uniform fineness was produced during electrospinning without adding silver nitrate polyurethane electrospinning solution.
Test example
(1) The filtration performance is as follows: the air filter materials prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative example were selected, and the filter efficiency and filter resistance to aerosol were tested using a Topas AFC-131-Germany Topas AFC-131 filter test bench, and the data are shown in tables 1 and 2, respectively.
TABLE 1 filtration efficiency test results
TABLE 2 Filter resistance test results
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, compared with the air filter material without the formed nano-cobweb fibers, the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material provided by the invention has the advantage that the filtering efficiency is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring that the filtering resistance meets the national standard daily protective mask technical specification (GB/T32610-. The nano cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material has higher filtering efficiency on aerosol particles with the particle size of 0.2-0.6 mu m, and when the particle size of the aerosol particles reaches 0.6-3 mu m, the filtering efficiency reaches 100%.
(2) The bacteriostasis rate is as follows: escherichia coli is used as a test strain, and the antibacterial effects of the air filtering materials prepared in the example 1 and the comparative example are tested by adopting a flask shaking method, wherein the antibacterial effect of the air filtering material in the comparative example is shown in figure 6, and the antibacterial effect of the air filtering material prepared in the example 1 is shown in figure 7. As can be seen from fig. 6, the air filter material without nanosilver in comparative example 1 had a weak bacteria-inhibiting ability, and the petri dish was overgrown with bacteria. As can be seen from fig. 7, the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material in example 1 can significantly improve antibacterial property, almost no bacteria grow on the surface dish, and the antibacterial rate is close to 100%.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a nano cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adding polyurethane particles into a solvent, and magnetically stirring to obtain a polyurethane solution with the concentration of 5-10 wt%;
s2, adding a surfactant into the polyurethane solution, magnetically stirring, then adding silver nitrate, and continuously magnetically stirring for 2-6 hours to obtain an electrostatic spinning solution; the mass percentage of silver nitrate in the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-0.9%;
s3, injecting the electrostatic spinning solution into an electrostatic spinning device, and spraying and covering the electrostatic spinning solution on the surface of the polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric through the electrostatic spinning device to obtain a composite air filtering material with one surface being a nano-cobweb fiber membrane;
and S4, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on the nano-cobweb fiber membrane in the composite air filtering material obtained in the step S3 for 10-40 min, and generating nano-silver in situ in the nano-cobweb fiber membrane to obtain the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filtering material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the solvent is one or more of toluene, N-dimethylformamide, acetone, dichloroethane, and butyl acetate.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide in step S1.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the magnetic stirring in step S1 is 30-90 ℃ for 10-24 hours.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the magnetic stirring in step S2 is 20-50 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrospinning apparatus is operated under the following conditions: the temperature is 0-60 ℃, the relative humidity is 15-80%, the advancing speed of the electrostatic spinning solution is 0.1-10 mL/h, the spinning voltage is 15-40 kV, and the acceptance distance is 5-30 cm.
8. The nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the nano-cobweb antibacterial composite air filter material is a fluffy three-dimensional net-shaped interconnected structure without bonding among fibers, and comprises a substrate layer and a nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver; the substrate layer is a polypropylene melt-blown non-woven fabric, the fiber diameter of the substrate layer is 0.5-15 mu m, and the pore size is 0.2-20 mu m; the nano-cobweb fiber film layer containing nano-silver is formed by mutually compounding two-dimensional superfine cobweb fibers and one-dimensional nano fibers; the two-dimensional superfine spider web fibers have a mesh shape similar to a spider web, the diameter of the fibers in the web is 5-50 nm, and the coverage rate of the spider web is 95-100%; the one-dimensional nano-fiber has a uniform cylindrical shape, and the average diameter of the fiber is 200-700 nm.
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| CN112915681A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-08 | 山东道淼新材料科技有限公司 | Polymer nanofiber composite membrane and device |
| CN113668093A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-19 | 陕西科技大学 | Polyimide nano spider-web fiber filtering membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN114164566A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 南通大学 | Preparation method of antibacterial nanofiber membrane |
| CN114232344A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-25 | 苏州大学 | PM2.5 filtering SPAP membrane with antibacterial and antifouling functions and preparation method thereof |
| CN114351283A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏五龙针织有限公司 | Preparation method of double-layer composite fabric with antibacterial property and PM2.5 filtering property based on cotton fabric |
| CN114570113A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-06-03 | 中纺院（浙江）技术研究院有限公司 | Antibacterial filtering material with multi-stage gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
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