CN111505396B - Short wave antenna gain test method and system - Google Patents
Short wave antenna gain test method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111505396B CN111505396B CN202010351031.7A CN202010351031A CN111505396B CN 111505396 B CN111505396 B CN 111505396B CN 202010351031 A CN202010351031 A CN 202010351031A CN 111505396 B CN111505396 B CN 111505396B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0871—Complete apparatus or systems; circuits, e.g. receivers or amplifiers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short wave antenna gain test method and a system, belonging to the technical field of antenna gain test and comprising the following steps: s1: arranging a signal source and a frequency spectrograph; s2: arranging an antenna to be tested and a beacon antenna; s3: acquiring a signal amplitude of an antenna to be detected; s4: acquiring a signal amplitude of a standard antenna; s5: and calculating the gain of the antenna to be measured. In the test process, the antenna to be tested, the standard antenna and the beacon antenna are all located on the same vertical straight line, and in the step S2, the connection between the antenna to be tested and the signal source and the connection between the beacon antenna and the spectrometer are all completed through radio frequency cables. The invention adopts the fire balloon as the mounting platform, has little influence on the gain test of the short wave antenna and can ensure the accuracy of the test result; and under the mounting of the hot air balloon, the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna are positioned on the same vertical straight line, the ground has the same influence on the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna, and the effectiveness of the short wave antenna gain test can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna gain testing, in particular to a short wave antenna gain testing method and a short wave antenna gain testing system.
Background
Short-wave communication is a radio communication technology with a frequency range of 3-30 MHz (wavelength of 10-100 m). The short wave communication can realize global coverage without expensive ground and satellite facilities, has the characteristics of strong flexibility and maneuverability, high survivability and the like, is widely applied to the fields of military affairs, maritime affairs, aviation systems, global broadcasting and the like, plays an irreplaceable role particularly in military departments, and is an important means of military strategy and tactical communication.
In a radar and communication system, an antenna is a conversion device of guided waves and space electromagnetic waves, and the performance of the antenna directly determines the overall performance of the system, so that a short-wave antenna is a crucial factor for determining the effect of short-wave communication, and after the design of the short-wave antenna is completed, the gain of the short-wave antenna needs to be relatively accurately measured, and the performance of the antenna is accurately evaluated.
Short wave antenna gain testing cannot be performed in a microwave anechoic chamber because the short wave antenna size is too large and full-scale indoor testing is nearly impossible. The gain of the short wave antenna is often tested outdoors in an open space, and the beacon antenna mounted on an airplane or a ship bypasses a fixed circular track, so that the test scheme consumes too much manpower and material resources and can not be used as a general test scheme, the beacon antenna and the antenna to be tested are affected by the ground inconsistently, and the test precision needs to be verified. Therefore, a short wave antenna gain test method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the short wave antenna gain testing method has the advantages that the problems that the existing short wave antenna gain testing method is too high in manpower and material resource consumption and cannot be used as a general testing scheme, the beacon antenna and the antenna to be tested are affected by the ground to be inconsistent, and the like are solved.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme, and the invention comprises the following steps:
s1: arrangement signal source and frequency spectrograph
Before the hot air balloon is lifted off, a signal source is placed in a hanging basket, and a frequency spectrograph is placed on the ground;
s2: arranging antennas to be tested and beacon antennas
Connecting an antenna to be tested with a signal source, and simultaneously connecting a beacon antenna and a spectrometer;
s3: obtaining signal amplitude of antenna to be tested
Raising the fire balloon to the height required by the test, keeping the captive state, and reading and recording the signal amplitude received by the frequency spectrograph, wherein the signal amplitude is marked as P;
s4: obtaining signal amplitude of standard antenna
Descending the hot air balloon, replacing the antenna to be tested with a standard antenna, repeating the steps S1-S2, then ascending the hot air balloon to the height required by the test, keeping the captive state, reading and recording the signal amplitude received by the frequency spectrograph, and marking the signal amplitude as P0；
S5: calculating gain of antenna to be tested
And (3) calculating the gain of the antenna to be measured by using a comparison method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
G＝2.15+(P-P0)
g is the gain of the antenna to be measured, and the unit is dBi; p is the power level of the signal received by the antenna to be tested, and the unit is dBm; p0The unit is dBm of signal power level received by a standard antenna; 2.15 is the standard half-wave dipole antenna gain in dBi.
Furthermore, in the test process, the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna are all located on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna.
Further, in step S2, the communication connection between the antenna to be tested and the signal source and the communication connection between the beacon antenna and the spectrometer are all completed through a radio frequency cable.
The invention also provides a short wave antenna gain test system, which comprises:
the hot air balloon is used as a mounting platform for mounting the antenna to be tested, the beacon antenna, the standard antenna and the signal source;
the signal source is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals used for testing;
the beacon antenna is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the antenna to be detected and the standard antenna;
the standard antenna is used for comparing with the antenna to be tested so as to calculate the gain of the antenna to be tested;
the frequency spectrograph is used for reading and recording the amplitude of the received signal;
the signal source is arranged on the fire balloon, the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the frequency spectrograph is arranged on the ground and connected with the beacon antenna, the signal source is sequentially connected with the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna in the test process, and the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna are all located on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method adopts the fire balloon as a mounting platform, and because the metal components of the fire balloon are very few, the method has little influence on the gain test of the short-wave antenna and can be ignored, and the accuracy of the test result can be ensured; and under the mounting of hot air balloon, the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna are positioned on the same vertical straight line, the standard antenna and the beacon antenna are also positioned on the same vertical straight line, the influence of the ground on the reflection effect of electromagnetic waves on the test result can be eliminated in the test process, the effectiveness of the short wave antenna gain test can be ensured, and the short wave antenna gain test can be popularized and used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flowchart of a short wave antenna gain testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of obtaining an amplitude of a signal of an antenna to be measured according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state of obtaining the amplitude of a standard antenna signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: a short wave antenna gain test method comprises the following steps:
s1: arrangement signal source and frequency spectrograph
Before the hot air balloon is lifted off, a signal source is placed in a hanging basket, and a frequency spectrograph is placed on the ground;
s2: arranging antennas to be tested and beacon antennas
Connecting an antenna to be tested with a signal source, and simultaneously connecting a beacon antenna and a spectrometer;
s3: obtaining signal amplitude of antenna to be tested
The hot air balloon is lifted to the height required by the test, and the distance between the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna is not less than L2The method comprises the following steps that A, L is the maximum aperture length of an antenna to be measured, and lambda is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves corresponding to the frequency to be measured of the antenna, so that the distance between a beacon antenna and the ground is not less than 5 meters, the mooring state is kept, and the signal amplitude received by a frequency spectrograph is read and recorded and is marked as P;
s4: obtaining signal amplitude of standard antenna
Descending the hot air balloon, replacing the antenna to be tested with a standard antenna, repeating the steps S1-S2, then ascending the hot air balloon to the height required by the test, keeping the captive state, reading and recording the signal amplitude received by the frequency spectrograph, and marking the signal amplitude as P0；
S5: calculating gain of antenna to be tested
And (3) calculating the gain of the antenna to be measured by using a comparison method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
G＝2.15+(P-P0)
g is the gain of the antenna to be measured, and the unit is dBi; p is the power level of the signal received by the antenna to be tested, and the unit is dBm; p0The unit is dBm of signal power level received by a standard antenna; 2.15 is the standard half-wave dipole antenna gain in dBi.
In the test process, the hot air balloon keeps a mooring state in the air, and the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna are positioned on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna. The hot air balloon can achieve the testing purpose when the height of the hot air balloon reaches about 100 meters, and the ground wind speed is guaranteed to be less than 5 meters per second on the same test day.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the embodiment further provides a short-wave antenna gain testing system, which includes:
the hot air balloon comprises a balloon 11, a hanging basket 12 and a combustor 13, and is used as a mounting platform for mounting the antenna to be tested 3, the beacon antenna 4, the standard antenna 8 and the signal source 2;
a signal source 2 for emitting electromagnetic wave signals for testing;
the beacon antenna 4 is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the antenna to be detected 3 and the standard antenna 8;
the standard antenna 8 is used for comparing with the antenna to be tested 3 to calculate the gain of the antenna to be tested 3;
a spectrometer 5 for reading and recording the received signal amplitude;
the signal source 2 is arranged on a hanging basket 12 of the hot air balloon, the antenna to be tested 3 and the beacon antenna 4 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the frequency spectrograph 5 is arranged on the ground and connected with the beacon antenna 4, the signal source 2 is sequentially connected with the antenna to be tested 3 and the standard antenna 8 in a test process, and the antenna to be tested 3 and the standard antenna 8 are all located on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna 4 under the action of the hot air balloon.
And the communication connection between the antenna to be tested 3 and the signal source 2 and the communication connection between the beacon antenna 4 and the frequency spectrograph 5 are completed through radio frequency cables 7.
The antenna to be tested 3/the standard antenna 8 and the hanging basket 12 are physically connected, and the antenna to be tested 3/the standard antenna 8 and the beacon antenna 4 are physically connected through binding ropes 6.
In summary, in the short-wave antenna gain testing method of the embodiment, the fire balloon is used as the mounting platform, and the fire balloon has very few metal components, so that the short-wave antenna gain testing is influenced a little and can be ignored, and the accuracy of the testing result can be ensured; and under the mounting of hot air balloon, the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna are positioned on the same vertical straight line, the standard antenna and the beacon antenna are also positioned on the same vertical straight line, the influence of the ground on the reflection effect of electromagnetic waves on the test result can be eliminated in the test process, the effectiveness of the short wave antenna gain test can be ensured, and the short wave antenna gain test can be popularized and used.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A short wave antenna gain test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: arrangement signal source and frequency spectrograph
Before the hot air balloon is lifted off, a signal source is placed in a hanging basket, and a frequency spectrograph is placed on the ground;
s2: arranging antennas to be tested and beacon antennas
Connecting an antenna to be tested with a signal source, and simultaneously connecting a beacon antenna and a spectrometer;
s3: obtaining signal amplitude of antenna to be tested
Raising the fire balloon to the height required by the test, keeping the captive state, and reading and recording the signal amplitude received by the frequency spectrograph, wherein the signal amplitude is marked as P;
s4: obtaining signal amplitude of standard antenna
Descending the hot air balloon, replacing the antenna to be tested with a standard antenna, repeating the steps S1-S2, then ascending the hot air balloon to the height required by the test, keeping the captive state, reading and recording the signal amplitude received by the frequency spectrograph, and marking the signal amplitude as P0；
S5: calculating gain of antenna to be tested
And (3) calculating the gain of the antenna to be measured by using a comparison method, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
G＝2.15+(P-P0)
g is the gain of the antenna to be measured, and the unit is dBi; p is the power level of the signal received by the antenna to be tested, and the unit is dBm; p0The unit is dBm of signal power level received by a standard antenna; 2.15 is the gain of the standard half-wave dipole antenna, and the unit is dBi;
in the test process, the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna are positioned on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna.
2. The short wave antenna gain test method of claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, the communication connection between the antenna to be tested and the signal source and the communication connection between the beacon antenna and the spectrometer are all completed through a radio frequency cable.
3. The utility model provides a short wave antenna gain test system which characterized in that: short wave antenna gain test work is carried out by adopting the test method of any one of claims 1-2, and comprises the following steps:
the hot air balloon is used as a mounting platform for mounting the antenna to be tested, the beacon antenna, the standard antenna and the signal source;
the signal source is used for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals used for testing;
the beacon antenna is used for receiving electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the antenna to be detected and the standard antenna;
the standard antenna is used for comparing with the antenna to be tested so as to calculate the gain of the antenna to be tested;
the frequency spectrograph is used for reading and recording the amplitude of the received signal;
the signal source is arranged on the fire balloon, the antenna to be tested and the beacon antenna are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the frequency spectrograph is arranged on the ground and connected with the beacon antenna, the signal source is sequentially connected with the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna in the test process, and the antenna to be tested and the standard antenna are all located on the same vertical straight line with the beacon antenna.
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| CN113472460B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-11-01 | 中汽研汽车检验中心（天津）有限公司 | Method for testing receiving performance of whole-vehicle-level FM antenna |
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