CN111504670A - Comprehensive performance test bed for variable-gauge wheel set - Google Patents
Comprehensive performance test bed for variable-gauge wheel set Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504670A CN111504670A CN202010350341.7A CN202010350341A CN111504670A CN 111504670 A CN111504670 A CN 111504670A CN 202010350341 A CN202010350341 A CN 202010350341A CN 111504670 A CN111504670 A CN 111504670A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to a comprehensive performance test bed for a variable-gauge wheel set, which is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the variable-gauge wheel set and comprises a portal frame, two groups of wheel jacking and unlocking devices, a rail changing device and a wheel driving device, wherein the portal frame is provided with a plurality of groups of wheel jacking and unlocking devices; the portal frame comprises a base, a stand column and a cross beam; become rail device sets up on the base, includes: the track switching mechanism comprises a track switching driving mechanism, two track bearing mechanisms and two bearing tracks; the two groups of wheel jacking unlocking devices are separated from two sides of the rail transfer device; the wheel driving device is arranged on the first guide rail positioned on the cross beam; when the variable-gauge wheel pair enters the bearing rail, the axle box of the variable-gauge wheel pair is jacked up by the wheel jacking unlocking device; the wheel driving device drives running-in; lifting the wheel jacking unlocking device to unlock the locking mechanism of the axle box, and detecting an unlocking force value in real time; the track-changing driving mechanism drives the two track bearing mechanisms to generate opposite or relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail so as to realize track changing and detect a track-changing force value in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dynamic simulation and test of rail vehicles, in particular to a comprehensive performance test bed for a variable-gauge wheel pair.
Background
With the acceleration of the global economy integration process, trade transactions among countries and regions are increasingly frequent, and the passenger and cargo transportation between countries and regions develops rapidly, so that in a plurality of transportation modes, railway transportation becomes a preferred transportation tool in international intermodal transportation with the advantages of large transportation volume, safety, rapidness and small environmental pollution, but as the railway transportation of each country maintains the current situation of various track gauges, the problem of direct running of railway vehicles in different sections of the track gauges is imperative.
Under the condition, the variable-gauge wheel pair is produced correspondingly, the variable-gauge wheel pair has various forms, and no matter how the form is, before the variable-gauge wheel pair is put into practical use, the variable-gauge wheel pair needs to be subjected to sampling inspection to obtain various performance indexes in the variable rail, so that the reliability, the matching performance of internal parts and the like of the variable-gauge wheel pair are inspected. At present, no relevant research aiming at the comprehensive performance test device of the variable-gauge wheel set exists in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test bed which can simulate the track changing process of an actual variable-gauge wheel set and can detect the load, the track changing force value, the unlocking force value and the like of the variable-gauge wheel set in real time so as to meet the requirement of detecting the comprehensive performance of the variable-gauge wheel set converted between different gauges, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a test bed for comprehensive performance of a variable gauge wheel set, which is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the variable gauge wheel set, and comprises:
the portal frame comprises a base, a stand column and a cross beam; the base is horizontally arranged on the ground; the cross beam is horizontally erected above the base through the upright post; the cross beam is provided with a first guide rail;
become rail device sets up on the base, include: the track switching mechanism comprises a track switching driving mechanism, two track bearing mechanisms and two bearing tracks; the track changing driving mechanism drives the track bearing mechanism to generate opposite or relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail so as to change the distance between the two bearing rails and further change the wheel track of two wheels of a variable-track-gauge wheel pair borne on the two bearing rails;
the two groups of wheel jacking unlocking devices are arranged on the base and are used for separating two sides of the rail transfer device; each group of wheel jacking unlocking devices comprises a jacking device and an unlocking device; the lifting device is used for lifting or lowering the height of the axle box of the variable-gauge wheel pair, and the unlocking device is used for unlocking or locking the locking mechanism of the axle box so as to unlock or lock the transverse movement of the two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair on the axle of the variable-gauge wheel pair;
the wheel driving device is arranged on the first guide rail and used for driving the wheels to run in at a set speed;
when the variable-gauge wheel pair enters the bearing rail, the limiting device fixes the axle box, an external electro-hydraulic servo control system controls and receives a first control signal to control the lifting oil cylinder to ascend, and the variable-gauge wheel pair is lifted; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a second control signal to control the friction between the wheel driving device and the wheel; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a third control signal to control the unlocking device to be matched with the locking mechanism of the axle box, so that the locking mechanism of the axle box is unlocked, and an unlocking force value is detected in real time; and the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a fourth control signal to control the track-changing driving mechanism to drive the two track bearing mechanisms to generate opposite or relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail so as to realize track changing and detect a track-changing force value in real time.
Preferably, the jacking device comprises a jacking oil cylinder and a jacking cross beam; the jacking oil cylinder comprises a first cylinder barrel, a first piston and a first piston rod; the bottom of the first cylinder barrel is fixed with the base; the top of the first cylinder barrel is provided with a first power output hole; the first piston is arranged in the first cylinder barrel, the first piston rod penetrates through the first power output hole, the bottom end of the first piston rod is connected with the top surface of the first piston, and the top end of the first piston rod extends out of the first cylinder barrel; the upper surface of the jacking cross beam is provided with a limiting device for fixing an axle box of the variable-gauge wheel pair, and the lower surface of the jacking cross beam is provided with a fixing device for fixing the top end of the first piston rod;
the unlocking device comprises an unlocking slide block, an unlocking oil cylinder and an unlocking push rod; the bottom of the unlocking oil cylinder is fixed with the jacking cross beam, and the unlocking push rod is arranged in the unlocking oil cylinder; the unlocking slide block is arranged at the top end of the unlocking push rod and is exposed out of the upper surface of the jacking cross beam to unlock or lock the locking mechanism of the axle box, so that the transverse movement of two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair on the wheel shaft of the variable-gauge wheel pair is unlocked or locked;
the track-changing driving mechanism is arranged between two track bearing mechanisms, the two bearing tracks are respectively arranged on one track bearing mechanism, and the arrangement direction of the bearing tracks is perpendicular to the projection direction of the first guide rail.
Preferably, each track bearing mechanism comprises a guide rail mounting seat, two second guide rails, a second guide rail sliding block, a transverse moving base, a transverse moving clamping plate and a first force sensor;
the guide rail mounting seat is fixed with the base, the two second guide rails are respectively arranged on the guide rail mounting seat, the arrangement direction of each second guide rail is parallel to the projection direction of the first guide rail, and the second guide rail sliding block is arranged on each second guide rail; the transverse moving base is fixed on the upper surface of the second guide rail sliding block; the bottom of the first force sensor is connected with the transverse moving base, and the top of the first force sensor is fixed with the transverse moving clamping plate and used for detecting the rail-changing force value.
Preferably, the track-changing driving mechanism comprises a driving mechanism mounting seat, a speed reducing motor, a servo motor, two transmission shafts, a plurality of supporting seats, two lead screws and two nuts;
the driving mechanism mounting seat is fixed with the base;
the speed reducing motor is arranged on the driving mechanism mounting seat;
the servo motor is connected with the speed reducing motor;
the two transmission shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the speed reducing motor; the supporting seat is arranged in the guide rail mounting seat;
the first end of each lead screw penetrates through the supporting seat, and the second end of each lead screw penetrates through the supporting seat to be connected with the first end of the transmission shaft;
each screw nut is arranged on each lead screw, and the upper surface of each screw nut is fixed with one track bearing mechanism.
Preferably, the jacking device further comprises a plurality of guide rods; the bottom end of each guide rod is fixed with the base, and the top end of each guide rod is connected with the jacking cross beam and used for guiding the vertical movement of the jacking cross beam.
Preferably, the wheel driving device specifically comprises a motor mounting seat, a driving motor, a friction wheel, an oil cylinder and a first guide rail slide block;
the first guide rail sliding block is arranged on the first guide rail;
the motor mounting seat is fixed on the first guide rail sliding block;
the driving motor is fixed on the motor mounting seat;
the friction wheel is fixed on a motor shaft of the driving motor;
the top end of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the motor mounting seat, and the bottom end of the oil cylinder is connected with the cross beam.
Preferably, each of the unlocking devices further comprises a second force sensor; the second force sensor is arranged on the unlocking slide block and used for detecting the unlocking force value.
Preferably, the comprehensive performance test bed for the variable-gauge wheel pair further comprises a guide rail device, and the guide rail device is used for guiding the variable-gauge wheel pair to be pushed onto the bearing rail.
Preferably, the comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel pair further comprises a pair of brake caliper supporting devices, and each brake caliper supporting device comprises: the clamp supporting installation seat, the third guide rail, the clamp supporting seat, the third guide rail slide block, the limiting stop and the braking clamp;
the clamp supporting and mounting seat is mounted on the base and is arranged at one end of the bearing rail; the third guide rail is fixed on the clamp supporting and mounting seat, and the arrangement direction of the third guide rail is the same as that of the bearing rail; the third guide rail sliding block is arranged on the third guide rail; the clamp supporting seat is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the third guide rail slide block; the limit stop dogs are arranged at two ends of the third guide rail; the top end of the clamp supporting seat is provided with the fixing part, and the brake clamp is fixed on the fixing part; the brake clamp is used for braking the wheel.
Preferably, the comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel pair further comprises a pair of vertical loading devices, and each vertical loading device comprises a loading oil cylinder, a third force sensor and a load applying base; the loading oil cylinder comprises a second cylinder barrel, a second piston and a second piston rod; the bottom of the second cylinder barrel is fixed with the cross beam; the top of the second cylinder barrel is provided with a second power output hole; the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder barrel, the second piston rod penetrates through the second power output hole, the bottom end of the second piston rod is connected with the top surface of the second piston, and the top end of the second piston rod extends out of the second cylinder barrel; the first surface of the third force sensor is connected with the top end of the second piston rod; a second surface of the third force sensor interfaces with the load applying base; the third force sensor is configured to detect a load applied to the axle housing by the load applying base.
According to the comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel pair, provided by the embodiment of the invention, multiple test functions are integrated into the same test device, and under the assistance of the wheel jacking unlocking device and the wheel driving device, the track bearing mechanisms are driven by the track-variable driving mechanism to move oppositely or relatively, so that the distance between the two bearing rails is changed; the track bearing mechanism is driven to change the wheel track of two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair borne on the track bearing mechanism, so that the track changing process is realized. In the process of rail changing, through the real-time detection of the unlocking force value and the rail changing force value, all indexes of the variable-gauge wheel set can be known more accurately, and a reliable theoretical basis is provided for the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the variable-gauge wheel set.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a track-changing device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-distance-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a track-changing device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a jacking device of a comprehensive performance test bed of a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a structural diagram of an unlocking device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a wheel driving device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a guide rail device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of a combination property test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a brake caliper support device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a vertical loading device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The comprehensive performance test bed for the variable-gauge wheel set provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for testing the comprehensive performance of the variable-gauge wheel set converted between different gauges.
Fig. 1 is a front view of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel set comprises: the device comprises a portal frame 1, a track transfer device 2, two groups of wheel jacking unlocking devices 3 and wheel driving devices 4.
The portal frame 1 is a supporting mechanism of the whole test bed and comprises a base 11, a stand column 12 and a cross beam 13. The base 11 is horizontally arranged on the ground; the upright posts 12 are vertically arranged at two sides of the base 11; the bottom of the upright post 12 is fixedly connected with the base 11; the beam 13 is horizontally erected above the base 11 through the upright 12. The cross member 13 has a first guide rail 131 thereon to facilitate suspension of the wheel drive unit 4.
The variable gauge wheel pair 100 includes an axle 101, two wheels 102, and two axle boxes 103. Two wheels 102 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of an axle 101, each wheel 102 is provided with a locking device, two axle boxes 103 are symmetrically arranged on the shaft neck of the axle 101, each axle box 103 is provided with a locking mechanism (not shown in the figure), the locking mechanism is unlocked and locked through the locking mechanism, the unlocking and locking of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 are realized, and the wheel gauge of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 can be changed only in the unlocking state.
It should be noted that the comprehensive performance test bed for the variable-gauge wheel set can be used for testing the comprehensive performance of the variable-gauge wheel set converted between different gauges. The present embodiment only illustrates the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 capable of switching between 1453mm and 1520mm, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The rail changing device 2 is a main power driving and bearing mechanism for realizing rail changing of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100, and fig. 2 is a front view of the rail changing device of the comprehensive performance test bed for the variable-gauge wheel pair provided by the embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the track transfer device 2 is disposed on the base 11, and includes: a track-changing driving mechanism 21, two track bearing mechanisms 22 and two bearing tracks 23.
The track-changing driving mechanism 21 is disposed between two track bearing mechanisms 22, two bearing tracks 23 are respectively disposed on each track bearing mechanism 22, and the arrangement direction of the bearing tracks 23 is perpendicular to the projection direction of the first guide rail 131. When the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 is shifted, the track-changing driving mechanism 21 drives the track-carrying mechanisms 22 to move toward or away from each other along the projection direction of the first guide rail 131 to change the distance between the two carrying rails 23, so as to change the track width between the two wheels 102 of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 carried on the two carrying rails 23. Specifically, when the track supporting mechanisms 22 move toward each other along the projection direction of the first guide rail 131, the distance between the two supporting rails 23 becomes larger, so that the track width between the two wheels 102 of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 becomes larger; on the contrary, when the track supporting mechanism 22 performs relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail 131, the distance between the two supporting rails 23 becomes smaller, so that the track width between the two wheels 102 of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 becomes smaller.
In one particular embodiment, each track support mechanism 22 includes a rail mount 221, two second rails 222, a second rail slide 223, a traverse base 224, a traverse clamp 225, and a first force sensor 226.
The rail mount 221 is fixed to the base 11. The two second guide rails 222 are respectively disposed on the guide rail mounting seat 221, a direction in which each second guide rail 222 is disposed is parallel to a projection direction of the first guide rail 131, and the second guide rail slider 223 is mounted on each second guide rail 222.
The traverse base 224 is fixed to an upper surface of the second rail block 223, and the second rail block 223 is disposed on each of the second rails 222. The number of the second rail sliders 223 on each second rail 222 is not limited in the present invention, as long as it meets the requirement that the mechanism carried thereon is driven to smoothly slide along the second rail 222 in the rail changing process.
In order to detect the rail-changing force value of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 in real time, each rail support mechanism 22 is further provided with a first force sensor 226, for example, a strain tube type force sensor may be specifically adopted. The bottom of the cross sliding base is fixedly connected with the cross sliding base 224, the top of the cross sliding base is connected with the cross sliding clamping plate 225, the lower surface of the bearing rail 23 is provided with a mechanism which can penetrate into the strain tube type force sensor through the bottom surface of the cross sliding clamping plate 225, and in the process of rail transfer, the extrusion force of the wheels 102 on the cross sliding clamping plate 225 is transferred to a strain gauge of the strain tube type force sensor, so that the rail transfer force value can be detected in real time.
The carriage rail 23 is carried on the traverse clamp 225. In order to enable the traverse clamping plate 225 to drive the variable gauge wheel pair 100 to change the track and simultaneously play a role in transverse limiting, the traverse clamping plate 225 preferably adopts a concave structure.
The track bearing mechanism 22 provides power for track transfer through the track transfer driving mechanism 21. Fig. 3 is a side view of a track-changing device of a comprehensive performance test stand for a track-distance-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in a specific embodiment, the orbital transfer drive mechanism 21 includes a drive mechanism mounting base 211, a reduction motor 212, a servo motor 213, two transmission shafts 214, a plurality of support bases 215, two lead screws 216, and two nuts 217.
The driving mechanism mount 211 is fixed to the base 11. The servo motor 213 is fixedly connected to the driving mechanism mounting base 211 by a reduction motor 212. The number of the supporting seats 215 is four, and two supporting seats are provided in each guide rail mounting seat 221, and it should be noted that the number here is merely an example, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and may be determined according to different rail transfer requirements. Two transmission shafts 214 are respectively arranged on both sides of the reduction motor 212. One end of each lead screw 216 is connected with the transmission shaft 214, and the other end of each lead screw is arranged in the two supporting seats 215 in a penetrating way. Each nut 217 is mounted on each lead screw 216, and the upper surface of each nut 217 is fixed with one of the rail bearing mechanisms 22. The connection between the drive shaft 214 and the gear motor 212 and the lead screw 216 is preferably made by a coupling 218.
In the process of changing the track, the servo motor 213 drives the two side lead screws 216 to rotate simultaneously through the speed reducer 212, the coupling 218 and the transmission shaft 214, and the two side lead screws 216 respectively drive the two side nuts 217 to do transverse motion, so as to drive the traverse base 224, the traverse clamping plate 225, the first force sensor 226 and the bearing track 23 to follow the second guide rail slider 223 and do transverse motion along the second guide rail 222, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the track gauge.
The two sets of wheel jacking unlocking devices 3 provided by the embodiment are used for providing auxiliary work for the rail transfer under the control of an external electro-hydraulic servo control system. As shown in fig. 1, two sets of wheel lifting unlocking devices 3 are arranged on the base 11 and are separated from two sides of the rail transfer device 2; each set of wheel lifting unlocking device 3 comprises a lifting device 31 and an unlocking device 32, and the unlocking device 32 is arranged above the lifting device 31.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a jacking device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the jacking device 31 includes a jacking cylinder 311 and a jacking beam 312.
The lift cylinder 311 includes a first cylinder 3111, a first piston (not shown), and a first piston rod 3112. The bottom of the first cylinder 3111 is fixed to the base 11; the first cylinder 3111 has a first power output hole (not shown) at the top; first piston setting is in first cylinder 3111, and in first power take off hole was worn to locate by first piston rod 3112, the bottom of first piston rod 3112 and the top surface of first piston link to each other, outside first cylinder 3111 was stretched out to the top of first piston rod 3112, it was fixed with jacking crossbeam 312.
The jacking cross member 312 mainly provides support and fixing functions for the axle boxes 103 and the unlocking device 32, and in this embodiment, the jacking cross member 312 adopts a box structure. The upper surface of the jacking cross beam 312 is provided with a limiting device 3121, specifically, the limiting device 3121 can be a transverse stop 31211 and a longitudinal stop 31212, and the axle box 103 of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 is fastened and restrained transversely and longitudinally by the transverse stop 31211 and the longitudinal stop 31212, so that the restraint and the positioning of the wheel 102 are realized, and the wheel 102 is fixed on the bearing rail 23. The lower surface of the jacking cross beam 312 is provided with a fixing device 3122, the top end of the first piston rod 3112 is fixed with the jacking cross beam 312 through the fixing device 3122, and the first piston rod 3112 is prevented from sliding in the process of jacking the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 by the jacking device 31.
In a preferred embodiment, the jacking device 31 is further provided with a jacking base 313 and a plurality of guide rods 314. The jacking base 313 is fixed with the base 11; the bottom end of each guide rod 314 can be fixed with the jacking base 313, and the top end is connected with the jacking cross beam 312, so that the jacking cross beam 312 can only vertically move up and down when the first piston rod 3112 moves up and down. The jacking base 313 is arranged to fix the jacking device 31 and facilitate the dismounting and replacement of the jacking device 31 on the test bed.
The unlocking device 32 can move along with the jacking device 31 to perform the auxiliary function of jacking or falling the axle box 103, and can also move independently to perform the unlocking and locking functions on the axle box 103. Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of an unlocking device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the unlocking device 32 includes an unlocking slider 321, an unlocking cylinder 322, and an unlocking push rod (not shown in the figure).
With reference to fig. 1 and 5, the bottom of the unlocking cylinder 322 is fixed to the jacking cross beam 312, and the unlocking push rod is disposed in the unlocking cylinder 322; the unlocking slide block 321 is arranged at the top end of the unlocking push rod and is exposed above the upper surface of the jacking cross beam 312 so as to unlock or lock the locking mechanism of the axle box 103, thereby unlocking or locking the locking device on the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 and realizing the transverse movement of the two wheels 102 along the wheel axle 101. In order to accurately grasp the unlocking performance of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100, a second force sensor 323 is preferably further arranged on each unlocking device 32; the second force sensor 323 is disposed on the unlocking slider 321, and in this embodiment, the second force sensor 323 is connected to the bottom of the unlocking slider 321 to sense the pushing force of the locking mechanism on the axle box 103 to the unlocking slider 321, so as to detect the unlocking force value in real time.
The wheel driving device 4 can drive the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 to run in at different speeds, and a track changing test and a single running-in test at different speeds are completed. Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a wheel driving device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the wheel driving device 4 is suspended on the first rail 131, and the wheel driving device 4 specifically includes a motor mounting base 41, a driving motor 42, a friction wheel 43, an oil cylinder 44, and a first rail slider 45.
The first rail slider 45 is mounted on the first rail 131; the motor mounting base 41 is fixed on the first guide rail sliding block 45; the driving motor 42 is fixed on the motor mounting base 41, and in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the driving motor 42 is fixed on the side wall of the motor mounting base 41; a friction wheel 43 is fixed on a motor shaft of the driving motor 42; the top end of the oil cylinder 44 is fixedly connected with the motor mounting base 41, the bottom end of the oil cylinder 44 is connected with the cross beam 13, when the wheel driving device 4 works, the oil cylinder 44 drives the driving motor 42 and the friction wheel 43 to transversely move along the first guide rail 131 along with the first guide rail sliding block 45, so that the friction wheel 43 and the wheel 102 are rubbed, and the wheel 102 is driven to run in.
When the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 is pushed to the bearing rail 23, the limiting device 3121 fixes the axle box 103, the external electro-hydraulic servo control system controls to receive a first control signal to control the first piston rod 3112 to ascend, the axle box 103 of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 is jacked, and the axle box 103 is loaded; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a second control signal to control the wheel driving device 4 to rub with the wheel 102, and the wheel 102 is driven to run in at a certain speed; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a third control signal to control the unlocking push rod to ascend and drive the unlocking slide block 321 to be matched with the locking mechanism of the axle box 103, so that the locking mechanism of the axle box 103 is unlocked, and an unlocking force value is detected in real time through a second sensor 324 on the unlocking slide block 321; an external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a fourth control signal to control the track-changing driving mechanism 21 to drive the two track bearing mechanisms 22 to move oppositely or relatively along the projection direction of the first guide rail 131, when the wheel 102 reaches the position with the preset track gauge, the unlocking slide block 321 resets to lock the locking mechanism of the axle box 103, at the moment, the wheel 102 is locked to realize track changing, and a track-changing force value is detected in real time through the first sensor 226 arranged on the bottom surface of the transverse moving clamping plate 225. Under the action of the lift cylinder 311, the first piston rod 3112 descends, and the wheels 102 are loaded.
In order to guide the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 to be pushed onto the carrier rail 23, in a preferred embodiment, the variable-gauge wheel pair comprehensive performance test stand further comprises a guide rail device 5. Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a guide rail device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the guide rail device 5 includes: a guide rail mount 51 and a guide rail 52. The guide rail mounting seat 51 is arranged on one side of the base 11; the guide rail 52 is mounted on the guide rail mount 51, and the guide rail 52 is connected to the carrier rail 23. In a more preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate the smooth pushing of the variable gauge wheel pair 100 onto the carrier rail 23 without sliding derailment at the point where the guide rail 52 meets the carrier rail 23, a wear plate mounting seat 53 is provided at one end of the guide rail mounting seat 51 near the carrier rail 23, and a wear plate 54 is mounted on the wear plate mounting seat 53.
Fig. 8 is a side view of a comprehensive performance test bed for a variable-gauge wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a brake caliper supporting device of the comprehensive performance test bed for the variable-gauge wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the combined performance test stand for the track-variable wheel set further includes a pair of brake caliper support devices 6, and each brake caliper support device 6 includes: the clamp support mounting seat 61, the third guide rail 62, the clamp support seat 63, the third guide rail slide block 64, the limit stop 65 and the brake clamp 66.
The clamp support mount 61 is mounted on the base 11 and is disposed at one end of the carrier rail 23. The third rail 62 is fixed to the clamp support mounting base 61, and the third rail 62 is disposed in the same direction as the direction in which the carrier rail 23 is disposed.
The clamp support block 63 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of a third rail slider 64 mounted on the third rail 62. The brake caliper 66 is fixed on a fixing part 67 at the top end of the caliper support base 63, and a guide mechanism (not shown in the figure) on the brake caliper 66 can move transversely along with the wheel 102, so that the brake of different wheels 102 changing along with the track gauge can be realized.
The clamp bearing block 63 is movable with the third rail slide 64 in the direction of the third rail 62 to facilitate movement of the brake clamps 66 of different variable gauge wheel sets 100.
And two ends of the third guide rail 62 are also provided with limit stoppers 65 to prevent the brake clamp supporting seat 63 from falling off the test bed in the moving process.
To facilitate the fixation of the clamp bearing block 63 on the third rail 62, the third rail slider 64 is further provided with a rail lock 68.
In order to simulate the track change of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100 under the actual load condition and measure the load of the variable-gauge wheel pair 100, as shown in fig. 1, the comprehensive performance test bench for the variable-gauge wheel pair is further provided with a pair of vertical loading devices 7 which are hung on the cross beam 13 and are respectively aligned with the two groups of wheel lifting unlocking devices 3. Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a vertical loading device of a comprehensive performance test bed for a track-variable wheel set according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10, each vertical loading device 7 includes a loading cylinder 71, a third force sensor 72, and a load applying base 73.
The loading cylinder 71 includes a second cylinder 711, a second piston (not shown in the drawings), and a second piston rod. The bottom of the second cylinder 711 is fixed to the beam 13; the second piston is disposed within the second cylinder 711. The second piston rod is inserted into a second power output hole (not shown) at the top of the second cylinder 711, the bottom end of the second piston rod is connected to the top surface of the second piston, and the top end of the second piston rod extends out of the second cylinder 711.
The first surface of the third force sensor 72 is connected to the top end of the second piston rod; a second surface of the third force sensor 72 is attached to a load applying base 73; the third force sensor 72 can detect the load applied to the axle box 103 via the load applying base 73, thereby detecting the load of the variable gauge wheel pair 100 in real time.
The load applying base 73 can increase the stress area of the loading oil cylinder 71 and the axle box 103, and the loading oil cylinder 71 can apply load to the axle box 103 conveniently.
According to the comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel pair, provided by the embodiment of the invention, multiple test functions are integrated into the same test device, and under the assistance of the wheel jacking unlocking device and the wheel driving device, the track bearing mechanisms are driven by the track-variable driving mechanism to move oppositely or relatively, so that the distance between the two bearing rails is changed; the track bearing mechanism is driven to change the wheel track of two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair borne on the track bearing mechanism, so that the track changing process is realized. In the process of rail changing, through the real-time detection of the unlocking force value and the rail changing force value, all indexes of the variable-gauge wheel set can be known more accurately. In addition, through the arrangement of the vertical loading device and the braking clamp supporting device, the rail changing and braking processes during the loading process are simulated, and the load of the variable-gauge wheel pair is detected in real time. In conclusion, the detection of the unlocking force value, the track-changing force value, the load and the like of the variable-gauge wheel set is beneficial to understanding the comprehensive performances of the variable-gauge wheel set, such as reliability, internal part matching and the like, and a reliable theoretical basis is provided for the improvement of the variable-gauge wheel set.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a variable gauge wheel pair comprehensive properties test bench for carry out comprehensive properties test to variable gauge wheel pair, its characterized in that, variable gauge wheel pair comprehensive properties test bench includes:
the portal frame comprises a base, a stand column and a cross beam; the base is horizontally arranged on the ground; the cross beam is horizontally erected above the base through the upright post; the cross beam is provided with a first guide rail;
become rail device sets up on the base, include: the track switching mechanism comprises a track switching driving mechanism, two track bearing mechanisms and two bearing tracks; the track changing driving mechanism drives the track bearing mechanism to generate opposite or relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail so as to change the distance between the two bearing rails and further change the wheel track of two wheels of a variable-track-gauge wheel pair borne on the two bearing rails;
the two groups of wheel jacking unlocking devices are arranged on the base and are used for separating two sides of the rail transfer device; each group of wheel jacking unlocking devices comprises a jacking device and an unlocking device; the lifting device is used for lifting or lowering the height of the axle box of the variable-gauge wheel pair, and the unlocking device is used for unlocking or locking the locking mechanism of the axle box so as to unlock or lock the transverse movement of the two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair on the axle of the variable-gauge wheel pair;
the wheel driving device is arranged on the first guide rail and used for driving the wheels to run in at a set speed;
when the variable-gauge wheel pair enters the bearing rail, the limiting device fixes the axle box, an external electro-hydraulic servo control system controls and receives a first control signal to control the lifting oil cylinder to ascend, and the variable-gauge wheel pair is lifted; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a second control signal to control the friction between the wheel driving device and the wheel; the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a third control signal to control the unlocking device to be matched with the locking mechanism of the axle box, so that the locking mechanism of the axle box is unlocked, and an unlocking force value is detected in real time; and the external electro-hydraulic servo control system receives a fourth control signal to control the track-changing driving mechanism to drive the two track bearing mechanisms to generate opposite or relative movement along the projection direction of the first guide rail so as to realize track changing and detect a track-changing force value in real time.
2. The track-variable wheel pair comprehensive performance test bed according to claim 1, wherein the jacking device comprises a jacking oil cylinder and a jacking cross beam; the jacking oil cylinder comprises a first cylinder barrel, a first piston and a first piston rod; the bottom of the first cylinder barrel is fixed with the base; the top of the first cylinder barrel is provided with a first power output hole; the first piston is arranged in the first cylinder barrel, the first piston rod penetrates through the first power output hole, the bottom end of the first piston rod is connected with the top surface of the first piston, and the top end of the first piston rod extends out of the first cylinder barrel; the upper surface of the jacking cross beam is provided with a limiting device for fixing an axle box of the variable-gauge wheel pair, and the lower surface of the jacking cross beam is provided with a fixing device for fixing the top end of the first piston rod;
the unlocking device comprises an unlocking slide block, an unlocking oil cylinder and an unlocking push rod; the bottom of the unlocking oil cylinder is fixed with the jacking cross beam, and the unlocking push rod is arranged in the unlocking oil cylinder; the unlocking slide block is arranged at the top end of the unlocking push rod and is exposed out of the upper surface of the jacking cross beam to unlock or lock the locking mechanism of the axle box, so that the transverse movement of two wheels of the variable-gauge wheel pair on the wheel shaft of the variable-gauge wheel pair is unlocked or locked;
the track-changing driving mechanism is arranged between two track bearing mechanisms, the two bearing tracks are respectively arranged on one track bearing mechanism, and the arrangement direction of the bearing tracks is perpendicular to the projection direction of the first guide rail.
3. The track-variable wheel pair comprehensive performance test bed according to claim 1, wherein each track bearing mechanism comprises a guide rail mounting seat, two second guide rails, a second guide rail sliding block, a transverse moving base, a transverse moving clamping plate and a first force sensor;
the guide rail mounting seat is fixed with the base, the two second guide rails are respectively arranged on the guide rail mounting seat, the arrangement direction of each second guide rail is parallel to the projection direction of the first guide rail, and the second guide rail sliding block is arranged on each second guide rail; the transverse moving base is fixed on the upper surface of the second guide rail sliding block; the bottom of the first force sensor is connected with the transverse moving base, and the top of the first force sensor is fixed with the transverse moving clamping plate and used for detecting the rail-changing force value.
4. The track-variable wheel pair comprehensive performance test bed according to claim 3, wherein the track-variable driving mechanism comprises a driving mechanism mounting seat, a speed reducing motor, a servo motor, two transmission shafts, a plurality of supporting seats, two lead screws and two nuts;
the driving mechanism mounting seat is fixed with the base;
the speed reducing motor is arranged on the driving mechanism mounting seat;
the servo motor is connected with the speed reducing motor;
the two transmission shafts are respectively arranged on two sides of the speed reducing motor; the supporting seat is arranged in the guide rail mounting seat;
the first end of each lead screw penetrates through the supporting seat, and the second end of each lead screw penetrates through the supporting seat to be connected with the first end of the transmission shaft;
each screw nut is arranged on each lead screw, and the upper surface of each screw nut is fixed with one track bearing mechanism.
5. The track-variable wheel pair comprehensive performance test bed according to claim 1, wherein the jacking device further comprises a plurality of guide rods; the bottom end of each guide rod is fixed with the base, and the top end of each guide rod is connected with the jacking cross beam and used for guiding the vertical movement of the jacking cross beam.
6. The comprehensive performance test bed for the track-variable wheel pair according to claim 1, wherein the wheel driving device specifically comprises a motor mounting seat, a driving motor, a friction wheel, an oil cylinder and a first guide rail slide block;
the first guide rail sliding block is arranged on the first guide rail;
the motor mounting seat is fixed on the first guide rail sliding block;
the driving motor is fixed on the motor mounting seat;
the friction wheel is fixed on a motor shaft of the driving motor;
the top end of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the motor mounting seat, and the bottom end of the oil cylinder is connected with the cross beam.
7. The track-variable wheel pair performance testing stand of claim 1, wherein each unlocking device further comprises a second force sensor; the second force sensor is arranged on the unlocking slide block and used for detecting the unlocking force value.
8. The variable-gauge wheel set overall performance test stand of claim 1, further comprising a guide rail device for guiding the variable-gauge wheel set to be pushed onto the carrier rail.
9. The gage wheel set integrity test rig according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of brake caliper support devices, each brake caliper support device comprising: the clamp supporting installation seat, the third guide rail, the clamp supporting seat, the third guide rail slide block, the limiting stop and the braking clamp;
the clamp supporting and mounting seat is mounted on the base and is arranged at one end of the bearing rail; the third guide rail is fixed on the clamp supporting and mounting seat, and the arrangement direction of the third guide rail is the same as that of the bearing rail; the third guide rail sliding block is arranged on the third guide rail; the clamp supporting seat is vertically fixed on the upper surface of the third guide rail slide block; the limit stop dogs are arranged at two ends of the third guide rail; the top end of the clamp supporting seat is provided with the fixing part, and the brake clamp is fixed on the fixing part; the brake clamp is used for braking the wheel.
10. The variable-gauge wheel pair comprehensive performance test bed according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of vertical loading devices, wherein each vertical loading device comprises a loading oil cylinder, a third force sensor and a load applying base; the loading oil cylinder comprises a second cylinder barrel, a second piston and a second piston rod; the bottom of the second cylinder barrel is fixed with the cross beam; the top of the second cylinder barrel is provided with a second power output hole; the second piston is arranged in the second cylinder barrel, the second piston rod penetrates through the second power output hole, the bottom end of the second piston rod is connected with the top surface of the second piston, and the top end of the second piston rod extends out of the second cylinder barrel; the first surface of the third force sensor is connected with the top end of the second piston rod; a second surface of the third force sensor interfaces with the load applying base; the third force sensor is configured to detect a load applied to the axle housing by the load applying base.
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| CN202010350341.7A CN111504670B (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Comprehensive performance test bed for variable-gauge wheel set |
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