CN111501373A - 一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及水性涂层胶领域，提供一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶及其制备方法，解决现有技术的涂层胶用在织物上后织物的防静电效果不佳、织物洗涤后防静电性能下降快的缺陷。由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：润湿分散剂0.1～1.0％，消泡剂0.05～0.5％，碳纳米管粉体0.1～1％，石墨烯粉体0.05～1％，PU乳液50～65％，杀菌剂0.1～1％，增稠剂0.1～1％，去离子水余量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水性涂层胶领域，尤其涉及一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶及其制备方法。
背景技术
静电是接触造成的，而服装和人体、服装和服装之间均会有接触和分离现象，所以，静电在日常生活中无处、无时不在。静电给人们的生产生活提供了些许便利，也带来了许多的麻烦甚至危害。冬季干燥气候环境下，静电使得服装、尤其是合成纤维纺织品服装粘附身体，令人感觉穿着不适。静电使得纺织品容易吸尘并难于净化而破坏洁净环境，从而影响精密材料、尤其是电子材料的生产和精密电子仪器的操作。更为严重的是，静电累积到一定程度时会产生静电放电现象，在电子行业，静电放电会使各种精密仪器、电子元器件被击穿而报废；在***、煤矿、石油、化工、食品等行业，静电放电容易引起易燃易爆物起火***，造成人员与财产损失巨大的恶性事故。因此，消除织物静电危害是一项重要的课题，具有非常重要的现实意义。
目前生产防静电织物的生产技术有三种：一是织物表面涂布整理；二是纤维化学改性；三是嵌织导电纤维。相比于后两种方法，织物表面涂布整理的方法简便实用，但是所得织物经过多次洗涤后，防静电性能容易下降，这主要是因为早期所使用的导电材料导电性能不足而添加量偏大，树脂用量相对偏低，影响了涂层胶对织物的附着力。
纤维化学改性的方法不仅工艺复杂，改性纤维会受到环境的限制，当相对湿度低于40％时，抗静电效果变差。而织物中嵌织导电纤维的方法容易在加工和洗涤过程中，由于摩擦或外力导致导电纤维断头，影响织物的防静电效果，另外，嵌织导电纤维、特别是金属纱线的织物不够轻柔，作为服装有穿着不适之感。
中国专利申请号201610747181.3公开了一种不易产生细菌和发霉防粘灰织物，包括织物内里层，所述织物内里层外依次设有基布层、去静电层和抗沾灰涂层；各层通过水性聚氨酯胶粘接固定；所述织物内里层采用棉纤维、竹纤维混纺织成；所述基布层采用氨纶纤维织成，线密度为1.5dtex；所述去静电层包含经线及纬线，所述经线采用芳纶纤维，所述纬线采用炭黑系导电纤维；所述抗沾灰涂层为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮涂层；所述织物内里层背面设置有衬里织物层，该衬里织物层，包括由蕾丝线体编织而成的基布层，基布层包括内布层和外布层，内布层和外布层之间设有纳米抗菌防霉涂料层，所述外布层的外表面设有美加抗微生物水晶保护盾层。其去静电层包含经线及纬线，所述经线采用芳纶纤维，所述纬线采用炭黑系导电纤维，这种采用嵌织导电纤维的方法在加工和洗涤过程中，由于摩擦或外力导致导电纤维断头，影响织物的防静电效果，另外存在不柔软的问题。
中国专利申请号201610762204.8一种蜘蛛网状的结构防粘灰织物，其特征在于：包括织物内里层(1)，所述织物内里层(1)外依次设有基布层(2)、去静电层(3)和抗沾灰涂层(4)；各层通过水性聚氨酯胶粘接固定；所述织物内里层(1)采用棉纤维、竹纤维混纺织成；所述基布层(2)采用氨纶纤维织成，线密度为1.5dtex；所述去静电层(3)包含经线及纬线，所述经线采用芳纶纤维，所述纬线采用炭黑系导电纤维；所述抗沾灰涂层(4)为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮涂层；所述织物内里层背面设置有衬里织物层，该衬里织物层包括由中心点散发出去的若干条主纱线，相邻所述主纱线之间设有次纱线，次纱线连接相邻的主纱线且由中心点不断向外扩散，织物主体由主纱线和次纱线编织而成，其中主纱线和次纱线编织成蜘蛛网状的结构。该专利的防静电作用同样是通过采用嵌入导电纤维丝的方式，存在与上述专利一样的问题。
发明内容
因此，针对以上内容，本发明提供一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶及其制备方法，解决现有技术的涂层胶用在织物上后织物的防静电效果不佳、织物洗涤后防静电性能下降快的缺陷。
为达到上述目的，本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：
进一步的改进是：所述润湿分散剂为含颜料亲和基团的丙烯酸嵌段共聚物、含颜料亲和基团的高分子量共聚物的磷酸酯盐溶液、酸性聚合物的烷基铵盐溶液中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
进一步的改进是：所述消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂、脂肪烃的乳化物、非硅酮有机酯碳氢化合物、含疏水粒子矿物油混合物中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
进一步的改进是：所述碳纳米管粉体，管径7～11nm，纯度＞99.8％。
进一步的改进是：所述石墨烯粉体，石墨烯层数为1～10层，片径(D50) 4～7μm，片径(D90)9～11μm。
进一步的改进是：所述PU乳液的固含量为58±1％，pH 7.0～9.0，拉伸强度20MPa，伸长率700％。
进一步的改进是：所述杀菌剂活性成分为异噻唑啉酮(CIT/MIT)，外观为淡黄绿色透明液体。
进一步的改进是：所述增稠剂为聚氨酯增稠剂或改性聚脲增稠剂中的任意一种或两种以任意比混合的混合物。
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶的制备方法，具有如下步骤：
(1)按上述所述的各组分的用量重量百分比准备各原料物；
(2)按顺序将去离子水、润湿剂分散剂、消泡剂、碳纳米管粉体、石墨烯粉体加入搅拌缸中，高速分散均匀后，研磨至细度小于20μm，然后开启低速搅拌，加入PU乳液、杀菌剂及增稠剂，搅拌均匀；所得产品进行检测，检测合格后过滤、包装。
通过采用前述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，所用原料石墨烯是目前已知导电性最好的二维片状碳系材料，碳纳米管可以看做是卷曲成束管状的石墨烯。将碳纳米管与石墨烯复合使用，由于它们优异的导电性能，很少的添加量即可获得很好的导电性，树脂用量因而可以相对足量，涂层胶对织物的附着力有了大幅提升，织物的耐洗涤性能得以保障。用石墨烯和碳纳米管复合制得的水性涂层胶，其优异的导电性能也使得涂布的织物能够具备良好的电磁屏蔽性能。与传统的织物的涂层相比，本发明的涂层胶更耐洗涤。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
若未特别指明，实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段，所采用的试剂和产品也均为可商业获得的。所用试剂的来源、商品名以及有必要列出其组成成分者，均在首次出现时标明。
实施例一
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：
所述碳纳米管粉体，管径为7nm，纯度为99.9％。所述碳石墨烯粉体，石墨烯层数/厚度5层，片径(D50)4μm，片径(D90)9μm。所述PU乳液，固含量为58％，pH 7.0，拉伸强度20MPa，伸长率700％。所述异噻唑啉酮(CIT/MIT)，外观为淡黄绿色透明液体。
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶的制备方法，具有如下步骤：
(1)按上述各组分的用量百分比准备物料；
(2)按顺序将去离子水、含颜料亲和基团的丙烯酸嵌段共聚物、非硅酮有机酯碳氢化合物、碳纳米管粉体和石墨烯粉体加入搅拌缸中，高速分散均匀后，研磨至细度小于20μm，然后开启低速搅拌，加入PU乳液、异噻唑啉酮(CIT/MIT) 及聚氨酯增稠剂并搅拌均匀，所得产品进行检测，检测合格后过滤、包装。
实施例二
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：
所述碳纳米管粉体的管径9nm，纯度为99.9％。所述碳石墨烯粉体，石墨烯层数/厚度6层，片径(D50)6μm，片径(D90)10μm。所述PU乳液，固含量为59％，pH8.0，拉伸强度20MPa，伸长率700％。所述杀菌剂活性成分为异噻唑啉酮(CIT/MIT)，外观为淡黄绿色透明液体。
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶的制备方法，具有如下步骤：
(1)按上述所述的各物质的重量百分比准备物料；
(2)按顺序将去离子水、含颜料亲和基团的高分子量共聚物的磷酸酯盐溶液、脂肪烃的乳化物、碳纳米管粉体和石墨烯粉体加入搅拌缸中，高速分散均匀后，研磨至细度小于20μm，然后开启低速搅拌，加入PU乳液、杀菌剂及改性聚脲增稠剂并搅拌均匀，所得产品进行检测，检测合格后过滤、包装。
实施例三
一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：
所述碳纳米管粉体，管径11nm，纯度为99.9％。所述碳石墨烯粉体，石墨烯层数/厚度8层，片径(D50)7μm，片径(D90)11μm。所述PU乳液，固含量为57％，pH9.0，拉伸强度20MPa，伸长率700％。所述杀菌剂活性成分为异噻唑啉酮(CIT/MIT)，外观为淡黄绿色透明液体。一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶的制备方法，具有如下步骤：
(1)按上述所述的各物质用量的重量百分比准备物料；
(2)按顺序将去离子水、酸性聚合物的烷基铵盐溶液、含疏水粒子矿物油、碳纳米管粉体和石墨烯粉体加入搅拌缸中，高速分散均匀后，研磨至细度小于 20μm，然后开启低速搅拌，加入PU乳液、杀菌剂及改性聚脲增稠剂并搅拌均匀，所得产品进行检测，检测合格后过滤、包装。
以上所记载，仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例，任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化，皆属本创作主张的专利范围，而不限于实施例所揭示者。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：由以下重量百分比的各原料组成：
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述润湿分散剂为含颜料亲和基团的丙烯酸嵌段共聚物、含颜料亲和基团的高分子量共聚物的磷酸酯盐溶液、酸性聚合物的烷基铵盐溶液中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂、脂肪烃的乳化物、非硅酮有机酯碳氢化合物、含疏水粒子矿物油混合物中的任意一种或两种以上以任意比混合的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述碳纳米管粉体，管径7～11nm，纯度＞99.8％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述石墨烯粉体，石墨烯层数为1～10层，D50片径4～7μm，D90片径9～11μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述PU乳液的固含量为58±1％，pH 7.0～9.0，拉伸强度20MPa，伸长率700％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述杀菌剂活性成分为异噻唑啉酮，外观为淡黄绿色透明液体。
8.根据权利要求1所述的基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为聚氨酯增稠剂或改性聚脲增稠剂中的任意一种或两种以任意比混合的混合物。
9.一种基于碳纳米管和石墨烯复合的防静电兼电磁屏蔽织物用水性涂层胶的制备方法，其特征在于，具有如下步骤：
(1)按权利要求1所述的用量重量百分比准备各原料物；
(2)按顺序将去离子水、润湿剂分散剂、消泡剂、碳纳米管粉体、石墨烯粉体加入搅拌缸中，高速分散均匀后，研磨至细度小于20μm，然后开启低速搅拌，加入PU乳液、杀菌剂及增稠剂，搅拌均匀；所得产品进行检测，检测合格后过滤、包装。
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