CN111495475A - Production method of early-stage crushed material for young poultry - Google Patents
Production method of early-stage crushed material for young poultry Download PDFInfo
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- CN111495475A CN111495475A CN202010334942.9A CN202010334942A CN111495475A CN 111495475 A CN111495475 A CN 111495475A CN 202010334942 A CN202010334942 A CN 202010334942A CN 111495475 A CN111495475 A CN 111495475A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
- B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
- B07B1/4663—Multi-layer screening surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
- B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
- B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
- B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method of early-stage crushed material of young poultry, which comprises the following steps: (1) raw material preparation and pretreatment: preparing raw material components, removing impurities from the raw material components, crushing and sieving the raw material components for later use; weighing each raw material component according to a feed formula; (2) mixing: feeding the raw material components into a mixer for mixing; (3) granulating and forming: preparing the uniformly mixed powder into granules by using a ring die granulator, and cooling by using a counter-flow cooler; (4) crushing and sieving: crushing and screening the granular materials by adopting a poultry material crushing and screening machine to obtain young poultry feed with the particle size of 4-12 meshes; (5) bagging and storing. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of improving the crushing effect and the production efficiency of the material, low processing cost, high survival rate of the young poultry, low material-weight ratio, improving the health of the intestinal tract and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method of poultry feed, in particular to a production method of early-stage crushed feed for young poultry.
Background
The chick feed appearing on the market at present is all the granule material, and the granule material is unfavorable for chick to eat and digest and absorb, and traditional chick feeding mode is: the broken rice grains are 7 days old, so that the rice can be conveniently eaten and digested; or directly feeding the granular feed produced by a ring mould with the diameter of 2.0mm-2.2mm for 4 weeks. Although the problem that the young birds are difficult to feed with the large granulated feed is solved, the nutrition is single from the aspect of nutrition balance of the young birds, particularly the young birds which are just born are low in disease resistance rate, and if the nutrition is unbalanced, the feed intake is insufficient, the feeding problems of low survival rate, slow growth and the like are easily caused. The feed produced by the ring die with the aperture of 2.0-2.2mm meets the nutritional requirements of young poultry for growth through a specific feed proportion, but the problems of slow weight gain, high material-weight ratio and high production cost of the young poultry with the age of 0-2 weeks can occur. In conclusion, the feed specially aiming at the young poultry of 0-2 weeks old is lacked in the market at present, the feeding and nutrition requirements of the young poultry cannot be met, the death rate of the young poultry is high, the weight gain is low, and the improvement of the production benefit of poultry cultivation is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of early-stage broken feed for young birds, which aims to overcome the defects of unbalanced nutrition and low survival rate of the young birds in the early stage of the young birds in the prior art, and is particularly suitable for the young birds of 0-2 weeks old.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a production method of early-stage crushed material of young poultry comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material preparation and pretreatment: preparing raw material components, removing impurities from the raw material components, crushing and sieving the raw material components for later use; weighing each raw material component according to a feed formula;
(2) mixing: feeding the raw material components into a mixer for mixing;
(3) granulating and forming: preparing the uniformly mixed powder into granules by using a ring die granulator, and cooling by using a counter-flow cooler;
(4) crushing and sieving: crushing and screening the granular materials by adopting a poultry material crushing and screening machine to obtain young poultry feed with the particle size of 4-12 meshes;
(5) bagging and storing.
Further, the aperture of the ring die granulator is 3.8mm, and the length-diameter ratio is 1: 14; the water content of the cooled granular material is +/-0.5%, and the temperature is 0-5 ℃ higher than the normal temperature.
Further, the temperature of the ring die granulator is 85-90 ℃, and the steam pressure is 3-4.5 kg.
Further, the impurity removal comprises air separation impurity removal and magnetic separation iron removal.
Further, the pulverized raw material was sieved using a sieve having an aperture of 2.0 mm.
The aspect ratio is the ratio of the thickness of the ring mode to its pore size.
Further, the young poultry feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of second-level corn; 29 parts of 46% soybean meal; 1 part of rice bran; 4 parts of puffed soybeans; 4 parts of wheat middling; 1 part of soybean oil; 1 part of stone powder; 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.
The invention discovers that the young poultry of 0-2 weeks can not swallow the large-particle feed, meanwhile, the digestion system is not sound, the digestion utilization rate of the particle feed is low, and the small-particle feed crushed by the invention is not only beneficial to the feeding habit of the young poultry, but also beneficial to digestion and absorption. Since the intestinal characteristics of birds are straight, the feed stays in the intestines and stomach for a shorter time, the finer the feed, the wider the area contacting the intestines and stomach, the better the absorption capacity, and if the feed particles are too large, the stay in the intestines and stomach for the same time, the less absorption. However, if the powder is changed into full powder, the birds cannot eat the powder because the birds eat the powder by using beaks. Therefore, for young birds of 0-2 weeks old, the best choice is to use the crumbling material.
The early-stage feed for the young poultry prepared by the method is particularly suitable for the young poultry of 0-2 weeks old, the shape of the product is a crushed material with the grain size of 4-12 meshes, the feed is very suitable for the young poultry of 0-2 weeks old to eat, if the grain size is smaller than 12 meshes, the feed is close to powder or contains powder which is higher, the feed is not beneficial to the consumption of the young poultry by beaks, and the waste is great; if the particle size is too large, for example, larger than 12 meshes, the large-particle feed is not favorable for the ingestion and digestion of the young poultry, for example, the feed produced by directly using a 2.0-2.2mm pore-size ring die in the prior art is used for feeding the young poultry, the feed can solve the problems of feed intake and balanced nutrition of the young poultry of 3-4 weeks, but neglects the most critical feed intake problem of the young poultry of 0-2 weeks, so that the feed intake of the young poultry of 0-2 weeks can not meet the requirements. In addition, the young poultry feed adopts high-temperature granulation, so that the death rate caused by diseases is reduced, and the production is promoted.
The invention firstly carries out granulation through the ring die granulator, and then adopts the crushing roller to crush to prepare the young bird feed with the grain diameter less than 2.0mm, compared with the method of directly adopting the ring die granulator to prepare the young bird feed with the grain diameter less than 2.0mm, the production method of the invention has low cost, and avoids the cost rise caused by excessive processing.
The poultry material crushing and screening machine comprises a crushing roller device, a material lifting device and a grading and screening device which are sequentially connected, wherein the crushing roller device comprises a shell, a fixed crushing roller and a movable crushing roller which are arranged in the shell, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the fixed crushing roller and the movable crushing roller, and a material conveying mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shell; the top of the shell is provided with a material inlet, and the bottom of the side wall of the shell is provided with a material outlet; the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller is connected with the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller through a transmission belt, the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the shell, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the shell, bearings are arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller, the bearings at two sides are connected with a hydraulic cylinder through a connecting rod, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the bearings to slide in the sliding groove; the rotating speeds of the fixed crushing roller and the movable crushing roller are different; the fixed crushing roller and the movable crushing roller have different rotating speeds, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the higher rotating speed is 720 rpm, and the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the lower rotating speed is 480 rpm.
The material conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt obliquely arranged in the shell, and the lower end of the conveying belt is positioned at the material outlet of the shell; and a material scraping brush is arranged at the material outlet of the shell.
The material inlet end of the crushing roller assembly has a shape that matches the shape between the fixed crushing roller and the movable crushing roller.
The material lifting device comprises a machine shell, a tensioning star wheel arranged at the bottom of the machine shell, a driving star wheel arranged at the top of the machine shell, a transmission chain matched and arranged on the tensioning star wheel and the driving star wheel, and a chain bucket arranged on the transmission chain; the upper part of the shell is provided with a material outlet with a downward opening, the lower part of the shell is provided with a material inlet with an upward opening, the material inlet of the material lifting device is connected with the material outlet of the crushing roller device through a cloth cylinder, and the material outlet of the material lifting device is connected with the feeding pipeline of the grading and screening device through an inclined conveying pipeline and the cloth cylinder;
hierarchical screening plant include the frame, the slope set up in screen frame, install in at least two layers of sieve check in the screen frame, make the vibrating mechanism of screen frame vibration, set up in the feed inlet of screen frame feed end and the discharge gate of discharge end, hierarchical screening plant's inlet pipe inserts in the feed inlet of screen frame, the feed inlet department of screen frame is equipped with the branch flitch of T type structure, should divide the flitch including be used for bearing the horizontal board of waiting to sieve the material and with the vertical board that the screen frame is connected.
The screen body is internally provided with an upper layer of screen grids and a lower layer of screen grids, and the discharge port of the screen body comprises a large material outlet for respectively leading out the oversize materials of the upper layer of screen grids, a finished product material outlet for leading out the oversize materials of the lower layer of screen grids and a powder outlet for leading out the undersize materials of the lower layer of screen grids.
The grading and screening device also comprises a vertical air suction and separation device which is communicated with the screen body and sucks out and separates dust in the screen body.
In order to improve the production efficiency of feed, the poultry material crushing and screening integrated machine is designed, firstly, the crushing roller device is set as a device with adjustable distance between the crushing rollers, the mounting positions of the crushing rollers are adjusted and moved by the hydraulic cylinder, so that the crushing requirements of materials with different particle sizes are met, and the two crushing rollers are divided into the fast and slow rollers, when in rotating operation, one of the fast and slow rollers does not run synchronously, and the other one runs relatively slowly, so that the speed difference is generated, and the crushing effect is facilitated.
In order to realize the connection between the crushing roller device and the grading and screening device, a material conveying device is designed between the crushing device and the screening device to lift materials, so that the feeding requirement of the screening device is met; the inclined conveying belt is designed at the bottom of the shell of the crushing roller device, and crushed materials are conveyed to the material outlet of the shell through the conveying belt and enter the material lifting device; because powder exists in the screened material, the powder is easy to adhere to the conveying belt, and a scraping brush is designed at the material outlet of the shell to scrape the powder, and the powder is conveyed to a screening device to be screened and recovered, so that the material utilization rate is improved; in addition, material hoisting device adopts the chain bucket to carry the material intermittent type to screening plant, if the material intermittent type gets into screening plant shine on the net, cause initial cloth inhomogeneous easily, lead to the screening effect not good, consequently this application is equipped with the T type branch flitch of an inversion in screening plant's feed inlet department, and the material that comes out from the chain bucket is arranged in through the inlet pipe in advance and is divided on the flitch, shakes off from dividing the flitch again through the vibration to the homogeneity of the initial cloth of material on the sieve has been improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the feed particles with the particle size of 4-12 meshes are obtained by granulating and then crushing, and the feed particles can simultaneously meet the nutritional requirement and the ingestion requirement of young birds of 0-2 weeks old, so that the feed particles are beneficial to the digestion and absorption of the young birds on the feed and the growth of the young birds;
(2) according to the feeding and digestion characteristics of the young poultry in 0-2 weeks, the small-particle crushed materials with specific sizes are selected, so that the intestinal health of the young poultry is improved.
(3) The feed provided by the invention is granulated at high temperature, so that the death rate of poultries caused by diseases can be effectively reduced, and the production is promoted;
(4) the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and compared with the prior art that the granules with the diameter of less than 2.0mm are prepared by adopting a film changing granulator, the method has the advantages of low production cost and good economic benefit;
(5) the crushing and screening integrated device is high in automation degree, and improves the material crushing effect and the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a poultry crushing and screening machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the junction between the crushing roller assembly and the material lifting assembly of the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a feed channel, 2 is a material distributing plate, 3 is an upper-layer sieve lattice, 4 is a lower-layer sieve lattice, 5 is an observation window, 6 is a vertical air suction separation device, 7 is a large material outlet, 8 is a finished product material outlet, 9 is a powder outlet, 10 is a material inlet of a crushing roller device, 11 is a material outlet of the crushing roller device, 12 is a shell, 13 is a fixed crushing roller, 14 is a movable crushing roller, 15 is a conveying belt, 16 is a material scraping brush, 17 is a hydraulic cylinder, 18 is a material inlet of a material lifting device, 19 is a material outlet of the material lifting device, 20 is a tensioning star wheel, 21 is a driving star wheel, 22 is a chain bucket, and 23 is a transmission chain.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment is a production method of a preliminary crushed material of a young bird, which comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material preparation and pretreatment:
(1-1) preparing raw material components according to the following formula:
55 parts of second-level corn; 29 parts of 46% soybean meal; 1 part of rice bran; 4 parts of puffed soybeans; 4 parts of wheat middling; 1 part of soybean oil; 1 part of stone powder; 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.
(1-2) carrying out air separation and impurity removal, magnetic separation and iron removal on each raw material component, and then crushing and sieving by using a screen with the aperture of 2.0mm for later use;
(2) mixing: feeding the raw material components into a mixer to be mixed for 150 seconds, and feeding the mixture into a to-be-granulated bin;
(3) granulating and forming: utilizing a ring die granulator to prepare the uniformly mixed powder into granules, and cooling the granules through a counter-flow cooler, wherein the temperature of the ring die granulator is controlled to be 85 ℃, the steam pressure is controlled to be 3 kg, the hole diameter of a ring die is 3.8mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1:14, the moisture of the cooled granular material is controlled to be +/-0.5% of a semi-finished product, and the material temperature is not higher than 5 ℃ at normal temperature;
(4) crushing and sieving: crushing and screening the granular materials by using a poultry material crushing and screening machine to obtain young poultry feed with the particle size of 4-12 meshes, wherein the poultry material crushing and screening machine comprises a crushing roller device, a material lifting device and a grading and screening device, the grading and screening device adopts an upper screen with 4 meshes and a lower screen with 12 meshes, and the intermediate of the upper screen and the lower screen is taken as a finished product;
(5) bagging and storing.
The crushed material prepared by the method is particularly suitable for young birds of 0-2 weeks old.
Example 2
The embodiment is a production method of a preliminary crushed material of a young bird, which comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material preparation and pretreatment:
(1-1) preparing raw material components according to the following formula:
55 parts of second-level corn; 29 parts of 46% soybean meal; 1 part of rice bran; 4 parts of puffed soybeans; 4 parts of wheat middling; 1 part of soybean oil; 1 part of stone powder; 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.
(1-2) carrying out air separation and impurity removal, magnetic separation and iron removal on each raw material component, and then crushing and sieving by using a screen with the aperture of 2.0mm for later use;
(2) mixing: feeding the raw material components into a mixer to be mixed for 150 seconds, and feeding the mixture into a to-be-granulated bin;
(3) granulating and forming: utilizing a ring die granulator to prepare the uniformly mixed powder into granules, and cooling the granules through a counter-flow cooler, wherein the temperature of the ring die granulator is controlled to be 90 ℃, the steam pressure is controlled to be 4.5 kg, the hole diameter of a ring die is 3.8mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1:14, the moisture of the cooled granular material is controlled to be +/-0.5 percent of a semi-finished product, and the material temperature is not higher than 5 ℃ at normal temperature;
(4) crushing and sieving: crushing and screening the granular materials by using a poultry material crushing and screening machine to obtain young poultry feed with the particle size of 4-12 meshes, wherein the poultry material crushing and screening machine comprises a crushing roller device, a material lifting device and a grading and screening device, the grading and screening device adopts an upper screen with 4 meshes and a lower screen with 12 meshes, and the intermediate of the upper screen and the lower screen is taken as a finished product;
(5) bagging and storing.
The crushed material prepared by the method is particularly suitable for young birds of 0-2 weeks old.
Example 3
This example is an experimental comparison of the crushed material of example 1 and the existing feed for feeding ducklings of the same age of day.
The comparative test is as follows: 60 ducklings (age of 1 day) with the same age of day are selected and randomly divided into three groups of 20 ducklings. Feeding by comparing granular material group, broken rice group and broken material group, and weighing after feeding for 14 days.
Wherein the granular material is produced by directly using a ring die with the diameter of 2.0mm-2.2 mm;
broken rice is the material after the rice grains are broken;
the crushed material is the material obtained by granulating in the ring die granulator of example 1 and then crushing by the crusher.
The test data are as follows:
as can be seen from the results of the tests,
if the ducklings of 0-2 weeks old are directly fed by the granular feed produced by the ring die with the diameter of 2.0-2.2mm, the feed weight ratio of the ducklings is larger, which indicates that the absorption efficiency of the feed is not high;
if the granulated feed and the broken rice grains are used for feeding simultaneously, the survival rate and the material weight ratio are improved, but a certain gap still exists compared with the single broken feed of the invention.
Example 4
This example is an experimental example, in which crushed material with a particle size smaller than 12 meshes is used to feed ducklings (age of 1 day) with the same age of day, and the specific experimental process is as follows: 40 ducklings (age of 1 day) with the same age of day are selected and randomly divided into two groups of 20 ducklings. The crushed material and the small crushed material with the grain size of less than 12 meshes in the embodiment 1 of the invention are respectively fed, and the crushed material and the small crushed material are weighed after being fed for 14 days.
The test data are as follows:
it can be seen that if a smaller size is used, such as the 0.6mm pellet feed of chinese patent CN 109717316a, the smaller size is not conducive to weight gain and survival of the ducklings, as can be seen from the data in example 4: the material weight ratio of the small crushed materials is extremely high, because the feed intake habit of the poultry feed cannot feed too small feed, so that waste is caused; and under the condition of the same feeding frequency, the feeding time is 2 times of that of the crushed material, so that the energy of the young poultry is excessively consumed, and the growth is influenced. For example: the crushed duck can be eaten for 50 times, and the fine crushed duck can be eaten only after 100 times of eating.
Example 5
This embodiment is the structure of birds material crushing and screening machine that uses in embodiment 1 ~ 2, and as shown in fig. 1, this birds material crushing and screening machine includes crushing roller device, material hoisting device and hierarchical screening plant that connect gradually. All the devices can automatically feed materials without manual material taking and feeding.
The crushing roller device comprises a shell 12, a fixed crushing roller 13 and a movable crushing roller 14 which are arranged in the shell 12, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the fixed crushing roller 13 and the movable crushing roller 14, and a material conveying mechanism arranged at the bottom of the shell 12; the top of the shell 12 is provided with a material inlet 10 of the crushing roller device, the bottom of the side wall of the shell 12 is provided with a material outlet 11 of the crushing roller device, and the shape of the material inlet end of the crushing roller device is matched with the shape between the fixed crushing roller 13 and the movable crushing roller 14; the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller 13 is connected with the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller 14 through a transmission belt, the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller 13 is rotatably arranged on the side wall of the shell 12, one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor, a sliding groove is arranged on the side wall of the shell 12, bearings are arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller 14, the bearings at two sides are connected with a hydraulic cylinder 17 through a connecting rod, the hydraulic cylinder 17 drives the bearings to slide in the sliding groove, the hydraulic pump is controlled by a power supply to boost hydraulic oil in a hydraulic box, so that the lifting and shrinking pulling of the hydraulic cylinder are promoted, the distance adjustment between the crushing rollers is achieved, the belt has elasticity and can meet the distance requirement between the regulated fixed crushing roller 13 and the movable crushing roller 14 by utilizing the elasticity of the belt or, or the belt can meet the requirement of the distance between the fixed crushing roller 13 and the movable crushing roller 14 after being adjusted by replacing a new belt; the fixed crushing roller 13 and the movable crushing roller 14 have different rotating speeds, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the higher rotating speed is 720 rpm, and the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the lower rotating speed is 480 rpm; as shown in fig. 2, the material conveying mechanism includes a conveying belt obliquely disposed inside the housing 12, and a lower end of the conveying belt is located at the material outlet of the housing 12; a scraping brush 16 is arranged at the material outlet of the shell 12.
The material lifting device comprises a machine shell, a tensioning star wheel 20 arranged at the bottom of the machine shell, a driving star wheel 21 arranged at the top of the machine shell, a transmission chain 23 arranged on the tensioning star wheel 20 and the driving star wheel 21 in a matched mode, and a chain bucket 22 arranged on the transmission chain 23; the upper portion of casing is equipped with opening material lifting device's material export 19 down, and the lower part of casing is equipped with opening material lifting device's material import 18 up, and material lifting device's material import is through the material exit linkage of cloth section of thick bamboo with the crushing roller device, and material lifting device's material export is connected with hierarchical screening plant's charge-in pipeline 1 through slope pipeline and cloth section of thick bamboo.
The classifying and screening device comprises a frame, a screen body, at least two layers of screen lattices, a vibrating mechanism, a discharge hole, a feeding hole and a discharge hole, wherein the screen body is obliquely arranged on the frame, the at least two layers of screen lattices are arranged in the screen body, the vibrating mechanism is used for vibrating the screen body, the discharge hole is formed in the feeding hole of the feeding end of the screen body and the discharge hole of the discharge end of the screen body, a feeding pipe of the classifying and screening device is inserted into the feeding hole of the screen body, a material distributing plate 2 of a T-shaped structure is arranged at the feeding hole of the. The upper-layer sieve grids 3 and the lower-layer sieve grids 4 are parallel to each other in the sieve body, and divide the space inside the whole sieve body into three parallel channels. The discharge hole of the screen body comprises a large material outlet 7, a finished product material outlet 8 and a powder outlet 9 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The large material outlet 7, the finished product outlet 8 and the powder outlet 9 are sequentially communicated with three parallel channels in the sieve body. The screen body is also communicated with a vertical air suction separation device 6, so that dust in the screen body is sucked out in time, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the top of screen frame is equipped with observation window 5, conveniently observes the screening condition.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of early-stage crushed material of young poultry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) raw material preparation and pretreatment: preparing raw material components, removing impurities from the raw material components, crushing and sieving the raw material components for later use; weighing each raw material component according to a feed formula;
(2) mixing: feeding the raw material components into a mixer for mixing;
(3) granulating and forming: preparing the uniformly mixed powder into granules by using a ring die granulator, and cooling by using a counter-flow cooler;
(4) crushing and sieving: crushing and screening the granular materials by adopting a poultry material crushing and screening machine to obtain young poultry feed with the particle size of 4-12 meshes;
(5) bagging and storing.
2. The method for producing the squashed material of the young bird in the early stage of the claim 1, wherein the aperture of the ring die granulator is 3.8mm, and the length-diameter ratio is 1: 14; the water content of the cooled granular material is +/-0.5%, and the temperature is 0-5 ℃ higher than the normal temperature.
3. The method for producing the early stage crushed material of the young poultry, according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the ring die granulator is 85-90 ℃, and the steam pressure is 3-4.5 kg.
4. The method for producing the early stage crushed material of young poultry according to claim 1, wherein the impurity removal comprises air separation impurity removal and magnetic separation iron removal.
5. The method for producing a squashed material for young birds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushed material is sieved through a sieve having a pore size of 2.0 mm.
6. The method for producing the early stage crushing material of the young poultry according to claim 1, wherein the young poultry feed comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of second-level corn; 29 parts of 46% soybean meal; 1 part of rice bran; 4 parts of puffed soybeans; 4 parts of wheat middling; 1 part of soybean oil; 1 part of stone powder; 1 part of calcium hydrophosphate.
7. A method for producing early-stage crushed poultry fodder according to claim 1, characterized in that the poultry fodder crushing and screening machine comprises a crushing roller device, a material lifting device and a grading and screening device which are connected in sequence, wherein the crushing roller device comprises a shell (12), a fixed crushing roller (13) and a movable crushing roller (14) which are arranged in the shell (12), an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the distance between the fixed crushing roller (13) and the movable crushing roller (14), and a material conveying mechanism which is arranged at the bottom of the shell (12); a material inlet is formed in the top of the shell (12), and a material outlet is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the shell (12); the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller (13) is connected with the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller (14) through a transmission belt, the rotating shaft of the fixed crushing roller (13) is rotatably installed on the side wall of the shell (12), one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a rotating motor, a sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the shell (12), bearings are arranged at two ends of the rotating shaft of the movable crushing roller (14), the bearings at two sides are connected with a hydraulic cylinder (17) through a connecting rod, and the hydraulic cylinder (17) drives the bearings to slide in the sliding groove; the fixed crushing roller (13) and the movable crushing roller (14) have different rotating speeds, wherein the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the higher rotating speed is 720 rpm, and the rotating speed of the crushing roller with the lower rotating speed is 480 rpm.
8. A method of producing squashed material in the early stage of a young bird, as claimed in claim 7, wherein said material conveying means comprises a conveyor belt disposed obliquely inside said housing (12), the lower end of said conveyor belt being located at the material outlet of said housing (12); and a material scraping brush (16) is arranged at the material outlet of the shell (12).
9. The production method of the early-stage crushed material for the young birds is characterized in that the material lifting device comprises a machine shell, a tension star wheel (20) arranged at the bottom of the machine shell, a driving star wheel (21) arranged at the top of the machine shell, a transmission chain (23) matched and arranged on the tension star wheel (20) and the driving star wheel (21), and a chain bucket (22) arranged on the transmission chain (23); the upper portion of casing is equipped with opening material outlet downwards, the lower part of casing is equipped with opening material inlet upwards, material hoisting device's material inlet through the cloth section of thick bamboo with the material exit linkage of crushing roller device, material hoisting device's material outlet is connected with hierarchical screening plant's charge-in pipeline (1) through slope pipeline and cloth section of thick bamboo.
10. A method of producing a squashed mass of a young bird according to claim 7,
hierarchical screening plant include the frame, the slope set up in screen frame in, install in at least two layers sieve check in the screen frame, make the vibrating mechanism of screen frame vibration, set up in the feed inlet of screen frame feed end and the discharge gate of discharge end, hierarchical screening plant's inlet pipe inserts in the feed inlet of screen frame, the feed inlet department of screen frame is equipped with branch flitch (2) of T type structure, should divide flitch (2) including be used for bearing treat the horizontal board of screening material and with the vertical board that the screen frame is connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010334942.9A CN111495475A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Production method of early-stage crushed material for young poultry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010334942.9A CN111495475A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Production method of early-stage crushed material for young poultry |
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| CN111495475A true CN111495475A (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| CN202010334942.9A Withdrawn CN111495475A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Production method of early-stage crushed material for young poultry |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112058370A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-11 | 许云英 | Novel ore crusher |
| CN112545293A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-26 | 宁波康加分电器科技有限公司 | Juicing assembly for juicer |
| CN113426514A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏富星纸业有限公司 | Raw material crushing device for recycled paper processing |
| CN115364978A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-22 | 山东金胜粮油食品有限公司 | Peanut meal crushing device and method |
-
2020
- 2020-04-24 CN CN202010334942.9A patent/CN111495475A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112058370A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-12-11 | 许云英 | Novel ore crusher |
| CN112058370B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 中国五矿集团(黑龙江)石墨产业有限公司 | Ore crusher |
| CN112545293A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-03-26 | 宁波康加分电器科技有限公司 | Juicing assembly for juicer |
| CN112545293B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-08-31 | 宁波康加分电器科技有限公司 | Juicing assembly for juicer |
| CN113426514A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-09-24 | 江苏富星纸业有限公司 | Raw material crushing device for recycled paper processing |
| CN113426514B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏富星纸业有限公司 | Raw material crushing device for recycled paper processing |
| CN115364978A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-22 | 山东金胜粮油食品有限公司 | Peanut meal crushing device and method |
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