CN111486476A - Novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion - Google Patents
Novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion Download PDFInfo
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- CN111486476A CN111486476A CN202010272310.4A CN202010272310A CN111486476A CN 111486476 A CN111486476 A CN 111486476A CN 202010272310 A CN202010272310 A CN 202010272310A CN 111486476 A CN111486476 A CN 111486476A
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- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- sound absorption
- absorption pipeline
- suppressor
- sealing piston
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
- F23R3/18—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion, which belongs to the field of combustion.A control system is used for sampling oscillation pressure generated by unstable combustion in real time, analyzing oscillation dominant frequency of the oscillation pressure in real time and rapidly, and then outputting an adjusting signal through a stepping motor; the sealing piston in the sound absorption pipeline is connected with the precise screw rod, the rotary lifting component is utilized to adjust the up-and-down movement of the sealing piston through rotation, and a gear arranged outside the rotary lifting component and the stepping motor form a gear transmission mechanism, so that the position of the sealing piston in the sound absorption pipeline can be adjusted through the stepping motor, and the working frequency of the sound absorption pipeline is adjusted; the invention ensures that the suppressor has a larger working frequency range, can ensure the optimal suppression effect and solves the problems of single control frequency and narrower working frequency band of the traditional combustion unstable passive controller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of combustion, relates to an unstable combustion suppressor, and particularly relates to a novel unstable combustion intelligent suppressor.
Background
In recent years, people pay attention to the problem of low pollution emission in combustion, lean fuel combustion technology has great development potential in reducing emission, but fuel combustion becomes more sensitive to acoustic disturbance and is easy to generate combustion instability. The unstable combustion phenomenon is widely present in combustion systems such as gas turbine combustors, rocket engines, and boilers. The sound wave disturbance that produces such as burning flame further disturbs flame after system boundary reflection reachs the flame position, and both intercouple, mutual drive when flame heat release pulsation and sound wave are in the same phase (the phase difference is less than 90 °) produce the great oscillatory sound wave of amplitude, and it has not only increased the risk of burning flame-out, still can cause serious structural damage to combustion system.
In conclusion, the combustion instability is caused by the mutual coupling between the acoustic wave pulsation and the flame pulsation, so various researchers studied different control methods to reduce the heat release pulsation while reducing the risk of occurrence of the combustion instability or reducing the pulsation amplitude of the oscillation pressure by absorbing the acoustic wave energy. Control methods for combustion instability are largely divided into active control and passive control. In the unstable active control of combustion, a control system inputs control energy into a combustion system through an actuator (a high-frequency electromagnetic valve or a loudspeaker and the like) according to a sampled oscillating pressure signal to interfere sound waves or flames; in the combustion instability passive control, energy does not need to be additionally input into a controlled system, and the combustion instability phenomenon of an original system is eliminated or weakened due to the fact that the characteristics of the original system are changed due to the fact that the passive controller is added.
A typical unstable passive control ware of burning is helmholtz resonator, and it comprises nozzle stub and acoustic cavity, and the resonant frequency of designing helmholtz resonator is unanimous with unstable oscillating pressure dominant frequency of burning, then it has the absorption effect to oscillating pressure, has reduced unstable oscillation intensity of burning from this. However, the helmholtz resonator or other sound absorption structures have many disadvantages in suppressing the instability of combustion, such as single working frequency, narrow working frequency bandwidth, and significantly poor control effect when the oscillation frequency of the combustion system slightly deviates from the resonance frequency of the resonator. Therefore, intensive research on the passive controller with unstable combustion, such as how to expand the operating frequency bandwidth of the passive controller, so that the passive controller has a wider application range, is a hot research point.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion based on the development idea of a passive controller in the prior art, and the suppressor mainly comprises a sound absorption pipeline with an adjustable tail end and a control system. The control system intelligently adjusts the position of the piston at the tail end of the wave tube by monitoring the oscillation pressure generated by unstable combustion in real time, so that the working frequency range of the wave tube is increased, and the problems of single control frequency and narrow working frequency band of the traditional unstable combustion passive controller are solved.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion comprises a sound absorption pipeline and an oscillation pressure sensor which are respectively arranged on the wall surface of a combustion device, wherein a sealing piston is movably arranged in the sound absorption pipeline, and the distance from the sealing piston to the wall surface of the combustion device is the working length of the sound absorption pipeline; the invention absorbs the oscillating pressure wave generated by unstable combustion through the sound absorption pipeline, the sealing piston in the sound absorption pipeline plays a role in sealing, and the distance from the sealing piston to the bottom is the working length.
One end of the sound absorption pipeline is connected with the combustion system, and the actual working length of the sound absorption pipeline can be adjusted in real time on line by the control system. By adjusting the position of the sealing piston in the sound absorption pipeline, the resonance frequency of the sealing piston is consistent with the main frequency of the oscillation pressure in the unstable combustion environment, and the oscillation pressure can be better absorbed. The suppressor combines a passive mode and an active mode, the movement of the piston is completed by the control system, the control system samples the oscillation pressure, the unstable oscillation dominant frequency of combustion is obtained by analysis, and the piston is further moved to a reasonable position through the execution structure.
The sealing piston is provided with a precision lead screw, the top end of the sound absorption pipeline is provided with a transmission device, the precision lead screw is connected with the transmission device, the transmission device comprises a rotary lifting component, the precision lead screw is connected with the rotary lifting component, and the rotary lifting component is externally provided with a stepping motor; through the rotation of step motor, drive the removal of rotatory elevating system control precision lead screw, and then control sealed piston's removal, the working length of adjustment sound absorption pipeline.
Further, the working length of the sound absorption pipeline is adjusted by the movement of the sealing piston; the diameter of the sound absorption pipeline is 10-50 mm; the bottom of the sound absorption pipeline is provided with a constant-temperature air inlet. The constant temperature air inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the sound absorption pipeline, and the position of the constant temperature air inlet does not affect the piston. The air introduced into the sound absorption pipeline may be ambient air or other gas with stable temperature, and the air is mainly used for maintaining the stable temperature environment in the sound absorption pipeline, so that the working length of the sound absorption pipeline and the frequency of sound waves absorbed by the sound absorption pipeline are in a linear corresponding relationship.
Furthermore, the rotary lifting component is externally provided with a gear and is connected with the stepping motor by the gear. The gear is arranged outside the rotary lifting component, so that the gear and the stepping motor are matched to transmit through the gear, the flexible rotation of the rotary lifting component is facilitated, and the transmission control is facilitated. The structure design of the transmission device in the suppressor makes the angle rotation of the stepping motor converted into the position movement of the piston in the sound absorption pipeline. And install the gear in rotatory elevating system outside, rotatory elevating system passes through the bearing and is connected with the sound absorption pipeline, and this kind of structural design has made things convenient for the purchase and the processing of spare part, has guaranteed the simplicity and reliability of installation simultaneously.
Furthermore, the rotary lifting component is in threaded connection with the precision lead screw, and when the rotary lifting component rotates, the precision lead screw drives the sealing piston to move up and down; the rotary lifting component is connected with the sound absorption pipeline through a bearing.
Furthermore, an oscillation pressure measuring pipeline is arranged on the wall surface of the combustion device, and an oscillation pressure sensor is arranged at the top end of the oscillation pressure measuring pipeline to isolate the oscillation pressure sensor from the wall surface of the combustion device. Because the long-time temperature resistance of the sensor is limited, an oscillating pressure measuring pipeline needs to be designed to isolate the oscillating pressure sensor from the wall surface of the combustion device, and the oscillating pressure sensor is prevented from being damaged by high temperature.
Furthermore, the stepping motor and the oscillation pressure sensor are respectively connected with one end of the data acquisition card, and the other end of the data acquisition card is connected with the control system.
The core idea of the invention is to apply the active control idea to the passive control mechanism, so that the sound wave absorbing pipeline has a more flexible adjustment scheme. The working length of the sound absorption pipeline can be adjusted according to unstable dominant frequency of combustion within a certain range, so that the sound absorption pipeline has the online real-time intelligent adjustment characteristic, and when the unstable oscillation dominant frequency of combustion changes, the control system can rapidly adjust the working length of the sound absorption pipeline, so that the optimal sound absorption effect is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the suppressor can be conveniently arranged on the wall surface of the combustion system, and a proper space is reserved outside the combustion system, so that the combustion system is not damaged in a large geometric mode; after the control system samples and analyzes the oscillation pressure, the position of a piston at the tail end of the suppressor is quickly adjusted, so that the suppressor can track the unstable oscillation frequency of combustion in real time, and the problems of single frequency and narrow frequency band in the traditional passive control are solved. The control system ensures that the resonance frequency of the suppressor is consistent with the resonance frequency of the unstable combustion in real time, so that the suppressor has the optimal sound absorption effect, and the pulsation amplitude of the sound waves released by the unstable combustion is reduced after the sound waves are absorbed by the suppressor, thereby further weakening the interference of the sound waves on the combustion;
the invention provides a tail end adjustable sound absorption pipeline for inhibiting combustion instability, a control system intelligently adjusts the position of a tail end piston according to sampling pressure, and the control system combines passive control and active control, can monitor the oscillation pressure on line in real time, and enables the working frequency of a passive controller to be arbitrarily adjustable within a certain range. Experimental results also prove that the unstable intelligent suppressor for combustion can effectively reduce the pulsation amplitude of oscillation pressure, can be applied to a combustion system to suppress unstable combustion, and can effectively reduce the unstable oscillation intensity of combustion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a novel intelligent suppressor of combustion instability according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the intelligent suppressor of combustion instability of the present invention;
the method comprises the following steps of 1-combustion device wall surface, 2-constant temperature air inlet, 3-sound absorption pipeline, 4-sealing piston, 5-bearing, 6-gear, 7-rotary lifting component, 8-precision screw rod, 9-stepping motor, 10-control system, 11-data acquisition card, 12-oscillation pressure sensor and 13-oscillation pressure measurement pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figures 1-2, the intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion mainly comprises a sound absorption pipeline 3, a sealing piston 4, a transmission device, a stepping motor 9, an oscillation pressure sensor 12, an oscillation pressure measurement pipeline 13, a control system and the like. Typically, combustion is confined to a confined space, such as a boiler wherein combustion is confined to the furnace, and a gas turbine wherein combustion is confined to the combustion chamber. The combustion apparatus wall surface 1 in the present invention represents a wall surface of a combustion apparatus in which combustion instability occurs, and may be a furnace wall surface or a combustion chamber wall surface in practice. The sound absorption pipeline 3 designed by the invention has the function of absorbing oscillating sound waves generated by unstable combustion, and the diameter of the sound absorption pipeline is designed within a certain range, for example, within the range of 10-50 mm, and can be adjusted according to actual effects. The principle is consistent with the action of a quarter-wave tube, namely when the length of the tube (one end is open and the other end is closed) is equal to the length of a quarter of the wavelength of sound waves, the tube can absorb the sound waves.
A sealing piston 4 is movably arranged in the sound absorption pipeline 3, and the distance between the sealing piston 4 and the wall surface 1 of the combustion device is the working length of the sound absorption pipeline 3. The sealing piston 4 is provided with a precision lead screw 8, the top end of the sound absorption pipeline 3 is provided with a transmission device, and the precision lead screw 8 is connected with the transmission device; the control system 10 is connected outside the transmission device; the transmission device comprises a rotary lifting component 7, the precision lead screw 8 is connected with the rotary lifting component 7, and a stepping motor 9 is arranged outside the rotary lifting component 7; through the rotation of step motor 9, drive the removal of accurate lead screw 8 of rotatory elevating parts 7 control, and then control the removal of sealed piston 4, the working length of adjustment sound absorption pipeline 3.
The invention introduces the sealing piston 4 and the control transmission system into the suppressor, so that the working length of the pipeline is convenient to adjust, and the pipeline has the capability of absorbing sound waves with various frequencies. To facilitate the movement of the sealing piston 4, a precision screw 8 is connected thereto and the movement of the precision screw 8 is controlled by a transmission.
In the transmission device, the rotary lifting component 7 is connected with the precision lead screw 8 through threads, and when the rotary lifting component 7 rotates, the precision lead screw 8 drives the sealing piston 4 to move up and down. Meanwhile, the rotary lifting part 7 is installed with the sound absorption pipeline 3 through the bearing 5, so that the rotary lifting part 7 can rotate flexibly. In order to facilitate transmission control, a gear 6 is arranged outside the rotary lifting component 7, so that the gear 6 and the stepping motor 9 are in transmission through gear matching, and the detailed structure is shown in fig. 2. When the stepping motor 9 rotates, the sealing piston 4 in the sound absorbing duct 3 moves, whereby the working length of the sound absorbing duct 3 can be adjusted by the stepping motor 9.
The working frequency of the sound-absorbing duct 3 in the present invention is determined by its working length and needs to be calculated according to the temperature of the air medium in the sound-absorbing duct 3, and it is inevitable to introduce high-temperature gas in the combustion apparatus into the sound-absorbing duct during the movement of the sealing piston 4, which will change the working frequency of the sound-absorbing duct 3. Therefore, the bottom end of the wall surface 1 of the combustion device, which is close to the sound absorption pipeline 3, is provided with the constant-temperature air inlet 2, and a small amount of air or nitrogen with constant temperature and the like are introduced into the sound absorption pipeline, so that on one hand, the sound absorption pipeline can be cooled, and the phenomenon that the working frequency is changed due to the temperature rise of the sound absorption pipeline caused by long-time work is prevented; on the other hand it can prevent the intake of high temperature gas due to the piston movement. The invention inputs a medium with constant temperature, such as air or nitrogen, into the sound absorption pipeline. Any sound absorption structure needs to calculate the frequency of sound absorption waves according to the temperature of the medium, and in order to avoid the nonuniformity and uncertainty of the gas temperature in the sound absorption pipeline, the medium with constant temperature needs to be introduced into the sound absorption pipeline, so that the temperature of the medium in the sound absorption pipeline of the suppressor is fixed, and the working frequency of the suppressor and the rotation angle of the stepping motor form a linear corresponding relation.
The stepping motor 9 has an accurate rotation angle and is widely applied to transmission. The stepping motor 9 is controlled through the control system 10, the working length of the sound absorption pipeline 3 is adjusted according to unstable combustion oscillation main frequency, and the unstable combustion oscillation main frequency is obtained through sampling analysis of oscillation pressure. Since the long-term temperature resistance of a general sensor is limited, it is necessary to design the oscillation pressure measurement pipe 13 to isolate the oscillation pressure sensor 12 from the combustion apparatus wall surface 1, thereby preventing the oscillation pressure sensor 12 from being damaged by high temperature. The oscillating pressure sensor 12 converts the oscillating pressure signal into an electrical signal, and then data acquisition is performed through the data acquisition card 11 and the control system 10, and the oscillating pressure signal is subjected to spectrum analysis through a spectrum analysis means, such as Fourier transform, so as to obtain unstable oscillation dominant frequency. The control system 10 of the invention obtains the oscillation dominant frequency of unstable combustion through the analysis of the sampled oscillation pressure, and then the control system adjusts the sound absorption pipeline to a proper working length through the stepping motor, so as to ensure that the working length of the sound absorption pipeline can be adjusted in real time, thereby realizing the real-time inhibition of unstable combustion.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion is characterized by comprising a sound absorption pipeline (3) and an oscillation pressure sensor (12) which are respectively arranged on a wall surface (1) of a combustion device, wherein a sealing piston (4) is movably arranged in the sound absorption pipeline (3), and the distance from the sealing piston (4) to the wall surface (1) of the combustion device is the working length of the sound absorption pipeline (3);
a precise lead screw (8) is arranged on the sealing piston (4), a transmission device is arranged at the top end of the sound absorption pipeline (3), and the precise lead screw (8) is connected with the transmission device; the control system (10) is connected outside the transmission device;
the transmission device comprises a rotary lifting component (7), the precision lead screw (8) is connected with the rotary lifting component (7), and a stepping motor (9) is arranged outside the rotary lifting component (7); the rotation of the stepping motor (9) drives the rotary lifting component (7) to control the movement of the precision screw rod (8), so as to control the movement of the sealing piston (4) and adjust the working length of the sound absorption pipeline (3).
2. A new type of intelligent suppressor of combustion instability as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the working length of the sound-absorbing duct (3) is adjusted by the movement of the sealing piston (4); the diameter of the sound absorption pipeline (3) is 10-50 mm; the bottom of the sound absorption pipeline (3) is provided with a constant temperature air inlet (2).
3. A new type of intelligent suppresser for combustion instability as defined in claim 1, characterized in that said rotary elevating member (7) is externally provided with a gear (6), and is connected with a stepping motor (9) by means of the gear (6).
4. The novel intelligent suppressor of combustion instability as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the rotary elevating member (7) is connected with the precision lead screw (8) by a screw thread; the rotary lifting component (7) is connected with the sound absorption pipeline (3) through a bearing (5).
5. The novel intelligent suppressor for combustion instability as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the combustion device wall (1) is provided with an oscillating pressure measuring pipe (13), and the oscillating pressure sensor (12) is isolated from the combustion device wall (1) by arranging the oscillating pressure sensor (12) at the top end of the oscillating pressure measuring pipe (13).
6. The novel intelligent suppressor of combustion instability as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the stepping motor (9) and the oscillating pressure sensor (12) are respectively connected to one end of a data acquisition card (11), and the other end of the data acquisition card (11) is connected to the control system (10).
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| CN202010272310.4A CN111486476A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion |
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| CN202010272310.4A CN111486476A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Novel intelligent suppressor for unstable combustion |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113482777A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-08 | 浙江大学 | Neck optimized Helmholtz silencer with bias flow and application |
| CN114526479A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for inhibiting soot generation through pulse combustion |
| CN114811650A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-29 | 清华大学 | Electric heating stable combustion device and method and storage medium |
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