CN111479236A - Networking node mode of distributed wireless sensor network and network node deployment method thereof - Google Patents
Networking node mode of distributed wireless sensor network and network node deployment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a networking node mode of a distributed wireless sensor network for monitoring states of inclination, strain, vibration, GNSS positioning and the like in large-scale civil engineering and buildings and the like and a network node deployment method thereof, wherein the networking node mode comprises a plurality of sensor data acquisition nodes for acquiring and processing field data and at least one data summarization gateway node for transmitting the field data to a remote database; the sensor data acquisition node mode comprises a single controller acquisition node, a double controller acquisition node and a data acquisition direct connection node; the network node deployment method comprises the following steps: a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm in a three-dimensional environment. The invention adopts a multi-node mode and a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method, collects and stores data of sensor data collection nodes by using a distributed wireless sensor network, and forwards and summarizes the data to a server by using a data summarization node so as to obtain accurate detection data and a good detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a networking node mode of a distributed wireless sensor network and a network node deployment method thereof.
Background
The state monitoring of various sensors for measuring inclination, strain, vibration, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, GNSS positioning and the like is needed in large-scale civil engineering, urban infrastructure, buildings and the like, the sensors of different types are respectively arranged at different parts of a building structure, and the data of the sensors are transmitted to a remote computer or a database through a data line or a wireless sensing network. Data transmission is carried out through a data line, data processing is carried out in a master control computer at the rear end, and the monitoring system is transmitted through a wireless sensor network, due to the relevance of various measured data, subsequent analysis is facilitated, data of different sensors are often required to be processed and integrated firstly, but at present, due to the fact that different sensors are produced and provided by different manufacturers, the processing modes of the data are different, in addition, when networking is carried out, the compatibility of matched software and hardware of data communication is poor, the data integration of the sensors of different types/manufacturers can be carried out only after being uploaded to a server, after different links are transmitted on the data of different devices, time delay is different, and the problem is easy to occur in time calibration synchronization of reading devices of different manufacturers.
At present, in an existing multi-sensor measurement system, data acquired by a plurality of sensors are generally directly uploaded to an industrial personal computer or a remote database, local data processing is not performed, a monitoring system capable of performing local processing is generally a measurement system for sensor data of a single type and a single manufacturer, and a monitoring system for performing wireless transmission after field processing on data of a plurality of types of sensors of different manufacturers is not available.
Chinese patent document CN201610159392.5 discloses "a method for using and a process of a data acquisition system based on multiple sensors" relates to a safety improved multi-channel data acquisition system, which comprises multiple sensors, multiple amplifiers, multiple couplers, a multi-channel analog switch, a sample and hold module, an a/D converter, a preprocessing unit, and an industrial personal computer, wherein each sensor is connected with a corresponding amplifier, the amplifiers are connected with the couplers, the couplers are connected with the multi-channel analog switch, the multi-channel analog switch is connected with the sample and hold module, the sample and hold module is connected with the a/D converter, the a/D converter is connected with the preprocessing unit, and the preprocessing unit transmits data to the industrial personal computer. However, in this way, the sensor data of multiple sensors cannot be transmitted simultaneously.
The "multi-channel sensor data acquisition device and data acquisition and derivation method" disclosed in chinese patent document 201610861671.6 provides a multi-channel sensor data acquisition device and data acquisition and derivation method, the device including: a main control chip; a power supply module; a data storage module; an output serial port; a 3G module; the system comprises a plurality of sensor input interfaces, a main control chip, a vibration sensor, an inclination angle sensor, a plurality of RFID modules and a plurality of sensors, wherein each sensor input interface is connected with the main control chip, at least one input interface is connected with the temperature sensor through a data line, at least one input interface is connected with the vibration sensor through a data line, at least one input interface is connected with the inclination angle sensor through a data line, and at least one input interface is connected with the RFID modules through a data line; and the positioning module is connected with the GPS positioning antenna through the GPS antenna. However, the multi-sensor data of the patent is not processed locally, and the data is transmitted directly.
Chinese patent document 201410301591.6 discloses a bridge strain monitoring system and method based on wireless communication technology, but the method is a system and method for measuring and wirelessly transmitting a single strain gauge sensor.
In addition, the existing wireless sensor network deployment methods also have their respective disadvantages, for example:
an application method of an artificial bee colony algorithm in a WSN coverage strategy based on a Delaunay graph disclosed in Chinese patent document 201811206954.2 relates to a network application method, and comprises an estimation method of a Delaunay triangulation network coverage hole, wherein whether the coverage hole exists in a triangle is judged according to the size relationship between the distance from the center of a circumscribed circle of the triangle to a node and the sensing distance of the node; after the number of the mobile nodes is determined, filling coverage holes by using an artificial bee colony algorithm; according to the random deployment condition of the fixed nodes, a Delaunay triangulation network corresponding to the fixed nodes is generated, the coverage loopholes of the fixed nodes are found out, and whether honey sources are generated or not is determined according to the area of the triangles, so that whether leading bees are generated or not is determined; the position of the center of a circumscribed circle of the triangle is the position of the honey source, and the position of the leading bee is obtained; and distributing the number of the detection bees by judging the size of the coverage leakage. The method is a wireless network node deployment in a two-dimensional plane.
The method for deploying the wireless sensor network deterministic space based on three-dimensional perception disclosed in chinese patent document 201310165112.8 provides a method for deploying the wireless sensor network deterministic space based on three-dimensional perception, and aims to research a wireless sensor network deployment algorithm based on a three-dimensional perception model under a deterministic space, and to solve the problem of network area coverage optimization node deployment, by analyzing a three-dimensional perception model of a node and a coverage scene geometric relationship, the deterministic space wireless sensor network node optimization deployment is realized. The method is a wireless sensor network deterministic space deployment method based on three-dimensional perception.
The 'three-dimensional static wireless sensor network deployment method based on genetic algorithm' disclosed in chinese patent document 201710409583.7 discloses a three-dimensional static wireless sensor network deployment method based on genetic algorithm, which solves the problems of poor coverage, connectivity, high energy consumption and high cost of wireless sensor network deployment in the prior art.
In summary, the prior art has the following disadvantages:
1. at present, different sensors are produced and provided by different manufacturers, data processing modes are different, and integration of data of the sensors of different types/manufacturers can only be carried out after the data are uploaded to a server, so that local processing of sensor data is difficult to carry out.
2. When networking is carried out, the compatibility of matched software and hardware of data communication is poor, and after different links are transmitted on data of different equipment, time delays are different, and the problem also easily occurs in time calibration synchronization of reading instruments of different manufacturers.
3. At present, sensor manufacturers respectively provide special software and hardware, and sensors provided by different manufacturers with different models are difficult to network, data transmission links are complex, field integration is difficult to realize, and the problem of repetition of communication equipment and communication links also exists.
4. At present, no three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a networking node mode of a distributed wireless sensor network and a network node deployment method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior state monitoring network technology of various sensors for measuring inclination, strain, vibration, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, GNSS positioning and the like in large civil engineering, urban infrastructure, buildings and the like.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a networking node mode of a distributed wireless sensor network comprises
The sensor data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring and processing field data in real time and transmitting the field data to a data summary gateway node of a target in a point-to-point/point-to-multiple mode;
the data summarization gateway node is used for sending the field data sent by the sensor data acquisition node to a remote database;
the distributed wireless sensor network adopts a Mesh network structure, all sensor data acquisition nodes and data gathering gateway nodes in the Mesh network structure are in communication connection with each other, data acquired by the sensor data acquisition nodes are packaged and then a communication path is selected through a routing table of the nodes, the communication path can pass through any node in the Mesh network structure, and all the nodes can be used as routers to provide forwarding service for other nodes.
Furthermore, the sensor data acquisition nodes acquire data through a data acquisition unit, and comprise a single controller acquisition unit node, a double controller acquisition unit node, a data acquisition unit direct connection node and other node modes;
the single controller collector node is used for a sensor with low data change speed, small data volume and simple complexity, so that the power consumption and the complexity are fully reduced;
the dual-controller collector node is used for a sensor with a high data sampling speed and a sensor with a large data volume to be processed, and the high-speed MCU contained in the dual-controller collector node is used for data processing and data packet compression;
the data acquisition unit direct-connected node is used for a sensor of which the system of a sensor data interface is not disclosed yet.
A three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm in a three-dimensional environment wireless network comprises the following steps:
step 1) setting a monitoring range
Setting a building monitoring area as a three-dimensional regular area, dividing a monitoring range into three-dimensional space cubic grids by taking a communication radius as a side length, wherein the side length corresponds to the communication radius of a sensor collector node;
step 2) preliminary deployment of sensor collector nodes
In the initial deployment, completing the deployment of (Ni) sensor collector nodes which need to be deployed at relatively fixed positions in a building monitoring network; the deployment principle is that the solar energy is deployed on the outer side surface, the outer side line, the building top angle or the building footing of the building;
step 3) setting the sensing direction of the sensor collector node
Setting a sensing radius Rs and a communication radius Rc; the sensing directions of the nodes of the sensor collector are 8 directions of an x axis, a y axis or a z axis at the outer side surface and the outer side line of the building, 6 at the top angle of the building and 5 at the bottom angle of the building;
step 4) redeployment of collector nodes based on artificial bee colony algorithm
For (Nf) sensor collector nodes which do not need to be deployed at relatively fixed positions, deploying them at (Ne) nodes additionally added for ensuring the connectivity of the network;
step 5) starting and running of building state monitoring network
The method comprises the steps of starting sensor collector nodes in a three-dimensional environment wireless network, starting building monitoring when the number of the sensor collector nodes in the network is N (Ni + Nf + Ne), realizing monitoring data acquisition, processing, aggregation and transmission through communication among the sensor collector nodes, and realizing point-to-point or point-to-multipoint real-time communication.
Further, the specific steps of the step 4) are as follows:
step 1: initializing, setting initial iteration times, colony evolution algebra and honey collection times P of bees at a honey source;
step 2: updating the positions of the honey sources, namely taking the convergent nodes as honeycomb, taking partial nodes of the positions preliminarily deployed in the step 2) at the vertex angles of the cube in the three-dimensional grid as the honey sources { S1, …, SM }, wherein i is 1,2 …, M, and the number of the initial search groups of the bees is the same as that of the honey sources;
step 3: following the bee state calculation, i.e. the shortest path Di (Ai, Ci) between the bee nest and the honey source, Ci ═ the (Xi, Yi, Zi) calculation, the spatial direction of each node in the calculation of the path is as described in step 3);
step 4: if the shortest path Di is larger than the communication distance of the nodes, coverage holes exist, the number of detection bees is distributed by judging the size of the coverage holes, the detection bees are added at the vertex angle position of the square lattice on the shortest path, and the repeated honey collection times at the same honey source do not exceed P, then the Step3 is returned;
step 5: adding a sensor collector node at the top point of the square of the final optimal path, and filling a coverage hole;
step 6: the honey source position is informed, and the Step3 is returned;
step 7: finishing the algorithm after all the nodes of the vertex angles of the cube in the three-dimensional grid at the deployed positions in the step 2) are used as initial honey sources; and finishing the network deployment.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of collector nodes to be deployed in a building in a three-dimensional environment, where distances between some sensors exceed transmission distances between the nodes and direct networking connection and data transmission cannot be performed, fig. 4 is a diagram of wireless network deployment in the three-dimensional environment after deployment based on an artificial bee colony algorithm (blue is an added node), and network nodes in the three-dimensional environment deployed by the method complete an optimal transmission effect with the minimum number of deployed nodes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the state monitoring of a building, the wireless sensor network collects data of various sensors for measuring inclination, strain, vibration, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, GNSS positioning and the like on site through collector nodes in various modes and transmits the data through the distributed wireless sensor network, so that the redundant deployment of respective communication links adopted by various manufacturers originally is avoided. Meanwhile, the whole sensor network is calibrated in place by utilizing the time service resources of the GNSS nodes in the sensor network, so that the data integration and time synchronization of the sensors are realized, and a convenient and effective data source is provided for monitoring. And a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm is adopted, high-connectivity and low-redundancy spatial deployment of the network in a three-dimensional environment is realized, and the layout cost of communication equipment is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the redeployment of collector nodes based on the artificial bee colony algorithm according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 building collector node deployment map
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a wireless network deployment based on an artificial bee colony algorithm in a three-dimensional environment (○ is an added node)
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a networking node mode for carrying out state monitoring on various sensors by utilizing a distributed wireless sensor network, which is used for carrying out data acquisition, storage, forwarding and summarization on various sensors to a server, designs data collector nodes with various modes according to different types of the sensors, forms a state monitoring distributed wireless network by the data collector nodes and data summarization gateway nodes, measures various data of the large civil engineering, the urban infrastructure and the building, such as inclination, strain, vibration, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, GNSS positioning and the like, then carries out real-time processing on the field of the sensor data and stores the processed data, carries out point-to-point/point-to-multipoint real-time data transmission, and adopts a multi-hop mode to forward and transmit the data to a target point when the direct communication between two points cannot be carried out, wherein one or more summarization gateways are arranged in the network, and the data of the wireless sensor network is published to a remote database.
The data of the data acquisition nodes of the various types of sensors are acquired through the data acquisition unit, the design mode of the acquisition nodes is determined by the data reading complexity of the sensors, and the data acquisition unit has three modes of a single-controller acquisition node, a double-controller acquisition node and a direct connection original data acquisition unit and is used for acquiring and locally processing the data of the various types of sensors of different manufacturers. Wherein:
single controller collector node: the data acquisition of the sensor with small data volume and simple operation complexity is completed by a single controller unit (MCU) sensor collector, so that the power consumption and the complexity are fully reduced, and the sensor with low data volume and low change speed such as temperature/illumination intensity and the like is adopted.
Dual controller collector nodes: for a sensor with a high data sampling speed and a sensor with a large data volume to be processed, a double microcontroller and a high-speed MCU are adopted for data processing and data packet compression, for example, a total station with a large serial data volume and an inclinometer with a high precision floating point operation/calibration are adopted for measuring and locally processing sensor data by adopting a double controller collector.
Directly connecting the original data acquisition node: the sensor with the undisclosed system of the sensor data interface adopts a special reading instrument of the manufacturer as a data acquisition unit.
The sensor type and sensor collector node design scheme is as follows:
because the building monitoring distributed network is different from the common node pervasive wireless network, some building detection nodes are necessarily arranged at fixed positions, and some sensor collector nodes can be relatively freely arranged, the nodes are unevenly arranged, some part nodes are dense, and some part nodes are very sparse, therefore, the sensor collector nodes are not required to be uniformly distributed in the network, and only all the deployed sensor collector node data are required to be transmitted to a remote monitoring host through a sink node, therefore, if the common pervasive node arrangement mode is adopted, a large amount of waste of network equipment is caused, the transmission speed of the network is also reduced due to the increase of intervention links of excessive nodes, and the three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on the artificial bee colony algorithm can well serve as a deployment platform for large-scale civil engineering, The wireless data transmission networking of the urban infrastructure and building state monitoring system provides an effective network deployment method, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1) setting a monitoring range: setting a building monitoring area as a three-dimensional regular area, dividing a monitoring range into a three-dimensional space cube grid by taking a communication radius as a side length, wherein the side length corresponds to the communication radius of a sensor collector node;
step 2) preliminary deployment of sensor collector nodes: in a building monitoring network, deployment of some sensor collector nodes needs to be in relatively fixed positions, and deployment of the sensor collector nodes (Ni) is completed in initial deployment according to the principle that the sensor collector nodes are deployed on the outer side surface, the outer side line, the building top angle or the building footing of a building as far as possible;
step 3), setting the sensing direction of the sensor collector node: sensing radius Rs, communication radius Rc; the sensing directions of the nodes of the sensor collector are 8 directions of an x axis, a y axis or a z axis at the outer side surface and the outer side line of the building, 6 at the top angle of the building and 5 at the bottom angle of the building;
step 4) the collector nodes based on the artificial bee colony algorithm are re-deployed, and for other collector nodes (Nf) which do not need to be deployed at certain fixed positions, the deployment positions can be relatively flexible, and the nodes (Ne) which need to be additionally added for ensuring the connectivity of the network are deployed and completed in step4, and the flow chart is shown in fig. 2:
step 1: initializing, setting initial iteration times, colony evolution algebra and honey collection times P of bees at a honey source;
step 2: updating the positions of the honey sources, namely taking the convergent nodes as honeycombs, and taking part of nodes of the positions already deployed in the step2 in the nodes at the vertex angles of the cubes in the three-dimensional grid as the honey sources { S1, …, SM }, i is 1,2 …, M, and the number of the initial search groups of the bees is the same as that of the honey sources;
step 3: following the bee state calculation, i.e. the shortest path Di (Ai, Ci) between the bee nest and the honey source, Ci ═ the (Xi, Yi, Zi) calculation, the spatial direction of each node in the calculation of the path is as described in step 3;
step 4: if the shortest path Di is larger than the communication distance of the nodes, coverage holes exist, the number of detection bees is distributed by judging the size of the coverage holes, the detection bees are added at the vertex angle position of the square lattice on the shortest path, and the repeated honey collection times at the same honey source do not exceed P, then the Step3 is returned;
step 5: adding a sensor collector node at the top point of the square of the final optimal path, and filling a coverage hole;
step 6: the honey source position is informed, and the Step3 is returned;
step 7: and (3) finishing the algorithm by taking the nodes of the deployed positions in the cube vertex angles in the three-dimensional grid in the step (2) as the initial honey sources after all the honey sources are updated. And finishing the network deployment.
Step 5), starting and operating a building state monitoring network: and starting the sensing nodes in the three-dimensional environment, wherein the number of the nodes in the network is N, namely Ni + Nf + Ne, starting building monitoring, realizing monitoring data acquisition, processing, aggregation and transmission through communication among the nodes, and realizing point-to-point or point-to-multipoint real-time communication.
Example 1
In example 1, a local storage experiment of a strain gauge collector and a communication experiment under different conditions were performed, and the communication rates were 20Hz, 10Hz, and 1Hz, and the following 4 experiments were performed.
The four experimental environment settings were as follows:
the first experiment is a test of data acquisition and local storage of the acquisition unit, the data acquisition of the acquisition unit is directly processed and then locally output, and the data processing capability and the reliability of local storage of data of the MCU are tested;
experiment two is a short-distance test, the inclination data which is acquired by the acquisition device and calculated and processed is output as a source and is output to a receiving end, and the distance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is not more than 10 meters indoors so as to test the transmission effect of network environment signals under a good condition;
experiment three is that a distributed Mesh network is deployed in the same building, transmitting and receiving ends in two rooms which cannot communicate originally on two non-adjacent floors are communicated, and data transmission after being forwarded by routing nodes in the distributed Mesh network is tested, wherein the total length of a path is 400 meters;
and the fourth experiment is a communication test of two building roofs in an open condition, the building roofs are deployed by a distributed Mesh network, and the communication distance is 400 meters.
Table 1 collector data transmission and distributed wireless network access test results
As can be seen from the experimental results of embodiment 1, when the data transmission frequency increases, the packet loss rate increases greatly, when a network is deployed inside a building, compared with a network deployed in an open environment, the packet loss rate of long-distance transmission does not necessarily increase under the condition that the network deployment is proper, but when a building and a wall are shielded, the packet loss rate significantly increases, so that in the network deployment process, nodes are deployed on the outer side of the building, outer side lines and the roof as much as possible to improve the network connection and data transmission effects.
Example 2
In embodiment 2, a network is formed by 8 types of collector nodes including an inclinometer, a wind speed and direction, a vibrating string type strain gauge, a GNSS measurement magnitude receiver and the like, and 4 additional nodes, a total of 12 nodes and a sink node are added by a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm, wherein the side length of a grid in the three-dimensional wireless network node deployment algorithm is 50 meters, a distributed Mesh network is deployed at the roof of the same building, and the communication rate is 20Hz, 10Hz and 1Hz, and a network data transmission and reception experiment is performed.
TABLE 2 distributed wireless network 20Hz data transmission test results of multi-type sensor collector
TABLE 3 distributed wireless network 10Hz data transmission test results of multi-type sensor collector
TABLE 4 distributed wireless network 1Hz data transmission test results of multi-type sensor collector
From the experimental results of the embodiment 2, it can be seen that the connectivity and data transmission effects of the distributed network formed by the three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on the artificial bee colony algorithm provided by the invention are ideal, and the network can be connected without spreading nodes outside and inside the whole building.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A networking node mode of a distributed wireless sensor network and a network node deployment method thereof are characterized by comprising
The sensor data acquisition nodes are used for acquiring and processing field data in real time and transmitting the field data to a data summary gateway node of a target in a point-to-point/point-to-multiple mode;
the data summarization gateway node is used for sending the field data sent by the sensor data acquisition node to a remote database;
the distributed wireless sensor network adopts a Mesh network structure, all sensor data acquisition nodes and data gathering gateway nodes in the Mesh network structure are in communication connection with each other, data acquired by the sensor data acquisition nodes are packaged and then a communication path is selected through a routing table of the nodes, the communication path can pass through any node in the Mesh network structure, and all the nodes can be used as routers to provide forwarding service for other nodes.
2. The networking node mode of the distributed wireless sensor network according to claim 1, wherein the sensor data acquisition nodes acquire data through data acquisition devices, and comprise multi-type node modes such as single-controller acquisition nodes, double-controller acquisition nodes and data acquisition device direct-connection nodes;
the single controller collector node is used for a sensor with low data change speed, small data volume and simple complexity, so that the power consumption and the complexity are fully reduced;
the dual-controller collector node is used for a sensor with a high data sampling speed and a sensor with a large data volume to be processed, and the high-speed MCU contained in the dual-controller collector node is used for data processing and data packet compression;
the data acquisition unit direct-connected node is used for a sensor of which the system of a sensor data interface is not disclosed yet.
3. The method for deploying the nodes of the distributed wireless sensor network according to claim 1, wherein the method for deploying the distributed wireless sensor network is a three-dimensional wireless network node deployment method based on an artificial bee colony algorithm in a three-dimensional environment, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1) setting a monitoring range
Setting a building monitoring area as a three-dimensional regular area, dividing a monitoring range into three-dimensional space cubic grids by taking a communication radius as a side length, wherein the side length corresponds to the communication radius of a sensor collector node;
step 2) preliminary deployment of sensor collector nodes
In the initial deployment, completing the deployment of (Ni) sensor collector nodes which need to be deployed at relatively fixed positions in a building monitoring network; the deployment principle is that the solar energy is deployed on the outer side surface, the outer side line, the building top angle or the building footing of the building;
step 3) setting the sensing direction of the sensor collector node
Setting a sensing radius Rs and a communication radius Rc; the sensing directions of the nodes of the sensor collector are 8 directions of an x axis, a y axis or a z axis at the outer side surface and the outer side line of the building, 6 at the top angle of the building and 5 at the bottom angle of the building;
step 4) redeployment of collector nodes based on artificial bee colony algorithm
For (Nf) sensor collector nodes which do not need to be deployed at relatively fixed positions, deploying them at (Ne) nodes additionally added for ensuring the connectivity of the network;
step 5) starting and running of building state monitoring network
The method comprises the steps of starting sensor collector nodes in a three-dimensional environment wireless network, starting building monitoring when the number of the sensor collector nodes in the network is N (Ni + Nf + Ne), realizing monitoring data acquisition, processing, aggregation and transmission through communication among the sensor collector nodes, and realizing point-to-point or point-to-multipoint real-time communication.
4. The networking node mode of the distributed wireless sensor network according to claim 3, wherein the specific steps of step 4) are as follows:
step 1: initializing, setting initial iteration times, colony evolution algebra and honey collection times P of bees at a honey source;
step 2: updating the positions of the honey sources, namely taking the convergent nodes as honeycomb, taking partial nodes of the positions preliminarily deployed in the step 2) at the vertex angles of the cube in the three-dimensional grid as the honey sources { S1, …, SM }, wherein i is 1,2 …, M, and the number of the initial search groups of the bees is the same as that of the honey sources;
step 3: following the bee state calculation, i.e. the shortest path Di (Ai, Ci) between the bee nest and the honey source, Ci ═ the (Xi, Yi, Zi) calculation, the spatial direction of each node in the calculation of the path is as described in step 3);
step 4: if the shortest path Di is larger than the communication distance of the nodes, coverage holes exist, the number of detection bees is distributed by judging the size of the coverage holes, the detection bees are added at the vertex angle position of the square lattice on the shortest path, and the repeated honey collection times at the same honey source do not exceed P, then the Step3 is returned;
step 5: adding a sensor collector node at the top point of the square of the final optimal path, and filling a coverage hole;
step 6: the honey source position is informed, and the Step3 is returned;
step 7: finishing the algorithm after all the nodes of the vertex angles of the cube in the three-dimensional grid at the deployed positions in the step 2) are used as initial honey sources; and finishing the network deployment.
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