CN111470741A - Method for improving planting survival rate of submerged plants in black and odorous bottom mud water body - Google Patents
Method for improving planting survival rate of submerged plants in black and odorous bottom mud water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111470741A CN111470741A CN201911271580.7A CN201911271580A CN111470741A CN 111470741 A CN111470741 A CN 111470741A CN 201911271580 A CN201911271580 A CN 201911271580A CN 111470741 A CN111470741 A CN 111470741A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aquatic plant ecological restoration, and provides a method for improving the planting survival rate of submerged plants in a black and odorous substrate sludge water body, which comprises the following steps: preparing uncontaminated bottom mud, preparing a culture layer, preparing a submerged plant growth carrier, culturing a submerged plant, and arranging turf. According to the invention, the zeolite and the shale ceramsite with good nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption performance are selected, and the zeolite and the shale ceramsite can effectively relieve the growth stress of the unpolluted sediment on the submerged plant, and are beneficial to plant recovery, so that the survival rate of the submerged plant is improved. The method can improve the survival rate of submerged plants in the black and odorous bottom mud water body to more than 90 percent, and can improve the water body transparency of a restoration area by more than 15 cm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquatic plant ecological restoration, in particular to a method for improving the planting survival rate of submerged plants in a black and odorous bottom mud water body.
Background
With the discharge of a large amount of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater into urban water, the concentration of organic and inorganic pollutants seriously exceeds the standard, and the black and odorous phenomenon of the urban water is serious. The large area of black and odorous water causes the landscape effect of river channels and lakes to be poor, the ecological environment problem is increasingly highlighted, and meanwhile, the water quality is reduced. The black and odorous bottom mud can cause the serious damage to the ecological environment of submerged plants and is difficult to survive.
As a main primary producer, submerged plants are an important component in the ecological system structure of a shallow lake, play important roles in maintaining ecological integrity and stability, purifying water quality and the like in the process of restoring water ecology, but for a black and odorous bottom sediment water body, if relevant improvement measures are not taken, the submerged plants are difficult to survive.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the zeolite and the shale ceramsite with good nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption performance are selected, and the zeolite and the shale ceramsite can effectively relieve the growth stress of the unpolluted sediment on submerged plants and are beneficial to plant recovery. The zeolite, shale ceramsite and uncontaminated bottom mud are mixed according to a certain proportion, then the mixture is made into a growth carrier with non-woven fabrics and a palm mat, different types of submerged plant seeds are planted on the growth carrier to be cultivated to form a turf, and the turf is directly paved at the bottom of a water body after survival, so that the survival rate of the submerged plants is improved.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for improving the planting survival rate of submerged plants in a black and odorous substrate sludge water body, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing non-polluted bottom mud
Selecting local uncontaminated bottom mud according to agricultural soil standard GB4284-84, and screening the uncontaminated bottom mud to remove larger particles for later use;
2) preparation of culture layer
Selecting a proper amount of zeolite, shale ceramsite and the uncontaminated bottom mud obtained in the step 1), and fully mixing and stirring the materials to obtain a culture layer for later use;
3) preparation of submerged plant growth carrier
Selecting and flatly paving a complete non-damaged non-woven fabric, paving the culture layer in the step 2) on the non-woven fabric, then flatly paving a palm mat on the culture layer, pressing the paved mixed layer into a submerged plant growth carrier with the thickness of 3-5cm by using a setting machine or manual pressing, and then sewing and fixing the upper layer and the lower layer of the submerged plant growth carrier by using a stitch-knitting machine or manual work;
4) cultivation of submerged plants
Uniformly spreading the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1) on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step 3), uniformly spreading seeds of the submerged plant on the submerged plant growth carrier, immersing the submerged plant growth carrier to a position with a water depth of 0.2-0.4m, and emptying water when the submerged plant turf grows to be about 14-16 cm;
5) laying turf
Placing the submerged plant carrier turf grown in the step 4) in the black and odorous water body to be treated.
Preferably, the sieve mesh size of the sieve for screening the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1) is 4 meshes.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the zeolite and the shale ceramisite in the step 2) is 0.3-0.5cm, and the mass fractions of the zeolite, the shale ceramisite and the bottom mud which are stirred and mixed are respectively 25% -35%, 15% -25% and 50%.
Preferably, the non-woven fabrics and the coir mat in the step 3) are degradable materials, the length of the non-woven fabrics and the coir mat is 19-21cm, the width of the coir mat is 39-41cm, and the thickness of the coir mat is 0.25-0.35 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the uncontaminated bottom mud sprinkled on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step 4) is 0.8c-1.2 m.
The non-woven fabric and the palm mat selected by the invention are degradable, water-permeable and air-permeable materials, secondary pollution can not be caused to water, the zeolite and the shale ceramsite can effectively relieve the stress effect of nutrient salts such as high nitrogen and phosphorus in the black and odorous bottom sediment on submerged plants, and the growth of the plants is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
example 1
The address is selected in the repair demonstration area of the black and odorous bottom mud river channel in Wuhan city, Hubei province. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) preparing non-polluted bottom mud
Selecting local uncontaminated bottom mud, and screening the uncontaminated bottom mud to remove larger particles for later use;
2) preparation of culture layer
Selecting a proper amount of zeolite, shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1), fully mixing and stirring, wherein the zeolite, the shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud are uniformly stirred to be used as a culture layer for later use according to the mass fractions of 25%, 25% and 50%;
3) preparation of submerged plant growth carrier
Selecting a complete non-damaged non-woven fabric to be spread, spreading the culture layer in the step 2) on the non-woven fabric, then spreading a palm mat on the culture layer, pressing the mixed layer into a submerged plant growth carrier with the thickness of 4cm by adopting a setting machine or manual pressing, and then sewing and fixing the upper layer and the lower layer of the submerged plant growth carrier by using a stitch-knitting machine or manually;
4) cultivation of submerged plants
Uniformly spreading the uncontaminated bottom mud obtained in the step 1) on the submerged plant growth carrier obtained in the step 3), uniformly spreading seeds of the submerged plant on the submerged plant growth carrier, immersing the submerged plant growth carrier to a position with a water depth of 0.3m, and emptying water when the submerged plant grows to about 15 cm;
5) laying turf
Placing the submerged plant carrier turf grown in the step 4) in the black and odorous water body to be treated.
The experimental results are as follows: after 6 months of planting, the survival rate of the submerged plants reaches 93%, 70% of the planting area is covered by the submerged plants, the plants grow well, and the transparency of the water body is improved by about 15 cm.
Example 2
The address is selected in the repair area of black and odorous sediment lakes in the city of the Yangtze river in Hubei province. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. preparing non-polluted bottom mud
Selecting local uncontaminated bottom mud, and screening the uncontaminated bottom mud to remove larger particles for later use;
2. preparation of culture layer
Selecting a proper amount of zeolite, shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1, fully mixing and stirring, wherein the zeolite, the shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud are uniformly stirred to be used as a culture layer for later use according to 35%, 15% and 50% of mass fraction;
3. preparation of submerged plant growth carrier
Selecting complete non-broken non-woven fabrics to be spread, spreading the culture layer in the step 2 on the non-woven fabrics, then spreading a palm mat on the culture layer, pressing the mixed layer into a submerged plant growth carrier with the thickness of 4cm by adopting a setting machine or manual pressing, and then sewing and fixing the upper layer and the lower layer of the submerged plant growth carrier by using a stitch-knitting machine or manual work;
4. cultivation of submerged plants
Uniformly spreading the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1 on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step 3, uniformly spreading seeds of the submerged plant on the submerged plant growth carrier, immersing the submerged plant growth carrier to a position with a water depth of 0.3m, and emptying water when the submerged plant grows to about 15 cm;
5. laying turf
And (4) placing the submerged plant carrier turf grown in the step (4) in the black and odorous water body to be treated.
The experimental results are as follows: after 6 months of planting, the survival rate of the submerged plants reaches 92%, 65% of the planting area is covered by the submerged plants, the plants grow well, and the transparency of the water body is improved by about 15 cm.
Example 3
The address is selected in the repair area of black and odorous bottom mud river course in Nanning, Guangxi province. The method comprises the following specific steps:
a preparing the non-contaminated bottom mud
Selecting local uncontaminated bottom mud, and screening the uncontaminated bottom mud to remove larger particles for later use;
b preparing a culture layer
B, selecting a proper amount of zeolite, shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step a, fully mixing and stirring, wherein the zeolite, the shale ceramisite and the uncontaminated bottom mud are uniformly stirred according to the mass fractions of 30%, 20% and 50% to serve as a culture layer for later use;
c preparing submerged plant growth carrier
C, selecting complete non-woven fabrics without damage, paving the culture layer in the step b on the non-woven fabrics, then paving a palm mat on the culture layer, pressing the mixed layer into a submerged plant growth carrier with the thickness of 4cm by adopting a setting machine or manual pressing, and then sewing and fixing the upper layer and the lower layer of the submerged plant growth carrier by using a stitch-knitting machine or manual work;
d culturing submerged plants
Uniformly spreading the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step a on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step c, uniformly spreading seeds of the submerged plant on the submerged plant growth carrier, immersing the submerged plant growth carrier to a position with a water depth of 0.3m, and emptying water when the submerged plant grows to about 15 cm;
e arrangement of turf
And (3) placing the grown submerged plant carrier turf into black and odorous water body to be treated.
The experimental results are as follows: after 6 months of planting, the survival rate of the submerged plants reaches 95%, 75% of the planting area is covered by the submerged plants, the plants grow well, and the transparency of the water body is improved by about 15 cm.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving the planting survival rate of submerged plants in a black and odorous substrate sludge water body is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing non-polluted bottom mud
Selecting local uncontaminated bottom mud according to agricultural soil standards, and screening the uncontaminated bottom mud to remove larger particles for later use;
2) preparation of culture layer
Selecting a proper amount of zeolite, shale ceramsite and the uncontaminated bottom mud obtained in the step 1), and fully mixing and stirring the materials to obtain a culture layer for later use;
3) preparation of submerged plant growth carrier
Selecting and flatly paving a complete non-damaged non-woven fabric, paving the culture layer in the step 2) on the non-woven fabric, then flatly paving a palm mat on the culture layer, pressing the paved mixed layer into a submerged plant growth carrier with the thickness of 3-5cm by using a setting machine or manual pressing, and then sewing and fixing the upper layer and the lower layer of the submerged plant growth carrier by using a stitch-knitting machine or manual work;
4) cultivation of submerged plants
Uniformly spreading the uncontaminated bottom mud in the step 1) on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step 3), uniformly spreading seeds of the submerged plant on the submerged plant growth carrier, immersing the submerged plant growth carrier to a position with a water depth of 0.2-0.4m, and emptying water when the submerged plant turf grows to be about 14-16 cm;
5) laying turf
And (3) arranging the submerged plant carrier turf grown in the step 4) in the black and odorous water body to be treated.
2. The method for improving the survival rate of the submerged plant planted in the black and odorous sediment water body according to claim 1, wherein the sieve for screening the uncontaminated sediment in the step 1) has a mesh size of 4 meshes.
3. The method for improving the planting survival rate of the submerged plants in the black and odorous bottom mud water body according to claim 1, wherein the particle diameter of the zeolite and the shale ceramisite in the step 2) is 0.3-0.5cm, and the stirring and mixing mass fractions of the zeolite, the shale ceramisite and the bottom mud are respectively 25% -35%, 15% -25% and 50%.
4. The method for improving the survival rate of the submerged plant planted in the black and odorous bottom mud water body according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabrics and the coir mat in the step 3) are degradable materials, the length of the non-woven fabrics and the coir mat is 19-21cm, the width of the non-woven fabrics and the coir mat is 39-41cm, and the thickness of the coir mat is 0.25-0.35 cm.
5. The method for improving the survival rate of the submerged plant planted in the black and odorous bottom sediment water body according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the uncontaminated bottom sediment sprinkled on the submerged plant growth carrier in the step 4) is 0.8-1.2 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911271580.7A CN111470741A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Method for improving planting survival rate of submerged plants in black and odorous bottom mud water body |
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| CN201911271580.7A CN111470741A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Method for improving planting survival rate of submerged plants in black and odorous bottom mud water body |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113620539A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Efficient control method for wetland phosphorus pollution |
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| CN103858632A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳市益水生态科技有限公司 | Method for making composite submerged plant turf |
| CN203985221U (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 汇绿园林建设股份有限公司 | Removable submerged plant lawn piece implant bed |
| CN204490613U (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-22 | 上海水源地建设发展有限公司 | Based on the short underwater lawn modular system without flower eel grass |
| US20150299060A1 (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2015-10-22 | Komatsu Seiren Co., Ltd. | Soil improving material and culture soil containing same |
| CN110012815A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-16 | 上海山恒生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of submerged plant planting method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-12 CN CN201911271580.7A patent/CN111470741A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150299060A1 (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2015-10-22 | Komatsu Seiren Co., Ltd. | Soil improving material and culture soil containing same |
| CN103858632A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-18 | 深圳市益水生态科技有限公司 | Method for making composite submerged plant turf |
| CN203985221U (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-10 | 汇绿园林建设股份有限公司 | Removable submerged plant lawn piece implant bed |
| CN204490613U (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-22 | 上海水源地建设发展有限公司 | Based on the short underwater lawn modular system without flower eel grass |
| CN110012815A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-16 | 上海山恒生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of submerged plant planting method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113620539A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Efficient control method for wetland phosphorus pollution |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |