CN111468693A - Ingot casting quality control device and method for electron beam cooling bed smelting furnace - Google Patents
Ingot casting quality control device and method for electron beam cooling bed smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111468693A CN111468693A CN202010496222.2A CN202010496222A CN111468693A CN 111468693 A CN111468693 A CN 111468693A CN 202010496222 A CN202010496222 A CN 202010496222A CN 111468693 A CN111468693 A CN 111468693A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for controlling ingot casting quality of an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace, wherein the method monitors the change of the weight of a solution in a refining cold bed in real time through a gravity sensor, then sends monitoring data to a signal converter in real time, the signal converter converts the weight change into ingot pulling speed according to the density of the molten metal in the liquid state and the size of a crystallizer at the moment and sends the ingot pulling speed to a controller, and the controller sends ingot pulling signals to an ingot pulling system, so that the purposes of accurately matching the ingot pulling speed with the smelting speed and improving the ingot casting quality are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control device, in particular to an ingot casting quality control device of an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace and a control method thereof, belonging to the field of smelting.
Background
Titanium and its alloy are widely used in aerospace, marine, petrochemical, biomedical and other industries because of their advantages such as high specific strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, good biocompatibility, good mechanical and technological properties. Economic development of countries in the world indicates that advanced titanium industry is an important mark for improving comprehensive national strength.
At present, titanium and alloy thereof are smelted mainly in an EB (electron beam) and VAR (vacuum furnace) smelting mode or an EB + VAR continuous casting mode, and the EB furnace (electron beam cold hearth smelting furnace) smelting is used as a main smelting mode of the titanium and the alloy thereof, and has the advantages of high production efficiency, strong high-low density inclusion removal capability and the like. When the EB furnace is used for smelting titanium and titanium alloy, in order to ensure the quality of cast ingots, the requirements on parameters of an electron gun, vacuum degree, cooling rate, temperature gradient and the like are high, and the accurate matching of ingot pulling speed and smelting speed also plays an important role in the quality of the cast ingots. If the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed cannot be well matched, ingot quality defects such as cracks, folds and the like can be caused.
In the existing smelting process, the ingot pulling speed is generally adjusted in real time by observing the change of the liquid level in a crystallizer, so that certain hysteresis exists, and human uncontrollable factors also have certain influence.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ingot casting quality control device and method for an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace, so that the artificial uncontrollable factors during smelting of an EB (electron beam) furnace are reduced, the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed are accurately matched, the quality defect is reduced, and the ingot casting quality of titanium and titanium alloy is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an ingot casting quality control device of an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace comprises a gravity sensor arranged below a refining cold bed, a signal converter connected with the gravity sensor, a controller connected with the signal converter and an ingot pulling system connected with the controller;
the gravity sensor monitors the change of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in real time and then sends the monitoring data to the signal converter in real time;
the signal converter converts the weight change into ingot pulling speed according to the density when the metal is smelted in a liquid state in real time and the size of the crystallizer, and the ingot pulling speed is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, deltaG is the variation of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time at the beginning of smelting, L is the section length of the crystallizer, B is the section width of the crystallizer, and rho is the density of the molten metal to be smelted.
The controller sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system, so that the ingot pulling speed is accurately matched with the smelting speed. The ingot pulling speed can be adjusted in real time according to the gravity change, and the ingot quality defect caused by manual operation errors is avoided.
Further, a heat insulation layer is arranged between the gravity sensor and the refining cooling bed.
Further, the smelting metal is titanium and titanium alloy.
The invention also relates to an ingot casting quality control method of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), measuring the density rho of the metal to be smelted in a liquid state before feeding, and recording the size L× B of the selected crystallizer;
step (2), when smelting starts, recording the variation delta G of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time through a gravity sensor, and sending monitoring data to a signal converter in real time;
and (3) measuring the ingot pulling speed by the signal converter according to the density rho of the molten metal in the liquid state measured in the step (1) and the size L× B of the crystallizer, and performing the following steps:
ingot pulling speed
And (4) the signal converter sends the converted ingot pulling speed to the controller, and the controller sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system to accurately match the ingot pulling speed with the smelting speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device and the method of the invention monitor the change of the weight of the solution in the refining cooling bed in real time through the gravity sensor, then send the monitoring data to the signal converter in real time, the signal converter adjusts the ingot pulling speed by measuring the change of the gravity of the solution, the weight change is converted into the ingot pulling speed according to the density of the metal to be melted in the liquid state and the size of the crystallizer at the moment and sent to the controller, and the controller sends the ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system, thereby achieving the purposes of accurately matching the ingot pulling speed with the melting speed and improving the quality of the cast ingot.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the gravity sensor and the refining cold bed according to the present invention;
1-refining cold bed; 2-a gravity sensor; 3-a signal converter; 4-a controller; 5-pulling the ingot system; 6-heat insulation layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar language in the embodiments of the present invention does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms "first," "second," and similar language are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. "Upper," "lower," "left," "right," "lateral," "vertical," and the like are used solely in relation to the orientation of the components in the figures, and these directional terms are relative terms that are used for descriptive and clarity purposes and that can vary accordingly depending on the orientation in which the components in the figures are placed.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the ingot quality control device of the electron beam cold hearth melting furnace of the embodiment includes a gravity sensor 2 disposed below a refining cold hearth 1, a signal converter 3 connected to the gravity sensor 2, a controller 4 connected to the signal converter 3, and an ingot pulling system 5 connected to the controller 4.
The gravity sensor 2 monitors the change of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed 1 in real time and then sends the monitoring data to the signal converter 3 in real time.
The signal converter 3 converts the weight change into ingot pulling speed according to the density of the molten metal and the size of the crystallizer, and the ingot pulling speed is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, deltaG is the variation of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time at the beginning of smelting, L is the section length of the crystallizer, B is the section width of the crystallizer, and rho is the density of the molten metal to be smelted.
The controller 4 sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system 5, so that the ingot pulling speed is accurately matched with the smelting speed.
As shown in fig. 2, a heat insulation layer 6 is arranged between the gravity sensor 2 and the refining cold bed 1. The gravity sensor should have strong high temperature resistance, and the real-time detection of the change of the melt weight can select the gravity sensors with different precisions according to the production requirements.
The ingot casting quality control method of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace comprises the following steps:
step (1), measuring the density rho of the metal to be smelted in a liquid state before feeding, and recording the size L× B of the selected crystallizer;
step (2), when smelting starts, recording the variation delta G of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time through a gravity sensor, and sending monitoring data to a signal converter in real time;
and (3) measuring the ingot pulling speed by the signal converter according to the density rho of the molten metal in the liquid state measured in the step (1) and the size L× B of the crystallizer, and performing the following steps:
ingot pulling speed
And (4) the signal converter sends the converted ingot pulling speed to the controller, and the controller sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system to accurately match the ingot pulling speed with the smelting speed.
In the embodiment, the sponge titanium with the purity of 99.7 percent is dried for 2 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0.6Pa, and the density of the dried sponge titanium in liquid state is 4.03g/cm by sampling and measuring after the drying3And putting the dried sponge titanium into an Archimedes spinning barrel, and then hoisting the Archimedes spinning barrel into a feeding system.
According to the requirements of a smelting process, the size of the crystallizer is 1050mm × 210mm, and ingot casting smelting is started after the processes of leak detection, vacuum pumping, preheating and the like are finished.
During smelting, the gravity sensor 2 records the variation delta G of the solution in the refining cold bed 1 within 1min as 7000G/min, and sends the monitoring data to the signal converter 3 in real time. The signal converter 3 measures the density rho of the metal to be melted to be 4.03g/cm3The size L× B of the crystallizer is 1050mm × 210mm, and the ingot pulling speed is measured and calculated to be 1050mm × mm
And sending the converted ingot pulling speed to the controller 4, and sending an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system 5 by the controller 4, so that the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed are accurately matched. And after the smelting is finished, performing appearance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like on the cast ingot.
Example 2
The ingot casting quality control device and method of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace in the embodiment are the same as the embodiment 1.
In the embodiment, the sponge titanium with the purity of 99.7% is dried at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.6Pa for 2 h. After drying, the titanium alloy components are assembled, and the density of the titanium alloy in liquid state is measured by sampling after the assembly is carried out and is 4.19g/cm3The titanium alloy raw material after being assembled is loaded into an Archimedes rotary charging barrel, and then the Archimedes rotary charging barrel is hoisted into a feeding system.
According to the requirements of a smelting process, the size of the crystallizer is 1250mm × 210mm, and ingot casting smelting is started after the processes of leak detection, vacuum pumping, preheating and the like are finished.
During smelting, the gravity sensor 2 records the variation delta G of the solution in the refining cold bed 1 within 1min as 7000G/min, and sends the monitoring data to the signal converter 3 in real time.
The signal converter 3 measures the density rho of the metal to be melted to be 4.19g/cm3The size L× B of the crystallizer is 1250mm × 210mm, and the ingot pulling speed is measured and calculated to be
And the converted ingot pulling speed is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system 5, so that the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed are accurately matched. And after the smelting is finished, performing appearance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like on the cast ingot.
Example 3
The ingot casting quality control device and method of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace in the embodiment are the same as the embodiment 1.
In the embodiment, the sponge titanium with the purity of 99.7 percent is dried for 2 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0.6Pa, and the density of the dried sponge titanium in liquid state is 4.03g/cm by sampling and measuring after the drying3And putting the dried sponge titanium into an Archimedes spinning barrel, and then hoisting the Archimedes spinning barrel into a feeding system.
According to the requirements of a smelting process, the size of a crystallizer is selected to be 1050mm × 210mm, after the processes of leak detection, vacuum pumping, preheating and the like are finished, ingot casting smelting is started, a gravity sensor 2 records the variation delta G of a solution in a refining cold bed 1 within 1min during smelting, 8000G/min is recorded, monitoring data are sent to a signal converter 3 in real time, and the signal converter 3 measures the density rho of the metal to be smelted to be 4.03G/cm3The size L× B of the crystallizer is 1050mm × 210mm, and the ingot pulling speed is measured and calculated to be 1050mm × mm
And sending the converted ingot pulling speed to the controller 4, and sending an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system 5 by the controller 4, so that the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed are accurately matched. And after the smelting is finished, performing appearance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like on the cast ingot.
Example 4
The ingot casting quality control device and method of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace in the embodiment are the same as the embodiment 1.
In the embodiment, the sponge titanium with the purity of 99.7 percent is dried for 2 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 60 ℃ and the vacuum degree is 0.6Pa, the titanium alloy components are assembled after the drying, and the density of the assembled titanium alloy in a liquid state is 4.19g/cm through sampling and measuring3The titanium alloy raw material after being assembled is loaded into an Archimedes rotary charging barrel, and then the Archimedes rotary charging barrel is hoisted into a feeding system.
In this embodiment, according to the requirement of a smelting process, the size of a crystallizer is 1250mm × 210mm, after the processes of leak detection, vacuum pumping, preheating and the like are finished, ingot smelting is started, and during smelting, the gravity sensor 2 records the variation Δ G of the solution in the refining cold bed 1 within 1min as 8000G/min, and sends the monitoring data to the signal converter 3 in real time.
The signal converter 3 measures the density rho of the metal to be melted to be 4.19g/cm3The size L× B of the crystallizer is 1250mm × 210mm, and the ingot pulling speed is measured and calculated to be
In this embodiment, the converted ingot pulling speed is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system 5, so that the ingot pulling speed and the smelting speed are accurately matched. And after the smelting is finished, performing appearance detection, ultrasonic flaw detection and the like on the cast ingot.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace ingot casting quality control device which characterized in that: the device comprises a gravity sensor arranged below a refining cold bed, a signal converter connected with the gravity sensor, a controller connected with the signal converter and an ingot pulling system connected with the controller;
the gravity sensor monitors the change of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in real time and then sends the monitoring data to the signal converter in real time;
the signal converter converts the weight change into ingot pulling speed according to the density of the molten metal smelted in real time and the size of the crystallizer, and the weight change is carried out according to the following formula:
wherein, AG is the variation of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time when smelting starts, L represents the section length of the crystallizer, B represents the section width of the crystallizer, and rho is the density of the molten metal to be smelted;
the controller sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system, so that the ingot pulling speed is accurately matched with the smelting speed.
2. The ingot casting quality control device of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: a heat insulation layer is arranged between the gravity sensor and the refining cold bed.
3. The ingot casting quality control device of the electron beam cold bed smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smelting metal is titanium and titanium alloy.
4. A method for controlling the ingot casting quality of an electron beam cold bed smelting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), measuring the density rho of the metal to be smelted in a liquid state before feeding, and recording the size L× B of the selected crystallizer;
step (2), when smelting starts, recording the variation delta G of the weight of the solution in the refining cold bed in unit time through a gravity sensor, and sending monitoring data to a signal converter in real time;
and (3) measuring the ingot pulling speed by the signal converter according to the density rho of the molten metal in the liquid state measured in the step (1) and the size L× B of the crystallizer, and performing the following steps:
ingot pulling speed
And (4) the signal converter sends the converted ingot pulling speed to the controller, and the controller sends an ingot pulling signal to the ingot pulling system to accurately match the ingot pulling speed with the smelting speed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112011694A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Ingot pulling method for smelting TA10 titanium alloy slab ingot in EB (Electron Beam) furnace |
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| US5454424A (en) * | 1991-12-18 | 1995-10-03 | Nobuyuki Mori | Method of and apparatus for casting crystalline silicon ingot by electron bean melting |
| JP2002275551A (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-09-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing vanadium alloy |
| CN104190885A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-12-10 | 云南钛业股份有限公司 | Method for producing huge high-purity nickel ingot square billets through four-gun electron beam cold bed furnace |
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| CN112011694A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Ingot pulling method for smelting TA10 titanium alloy slab ingot in EB (Electron Beam) furnace |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |