CN111455681A - Preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry wastes - Google Patents
Preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry wastes Download PDFInfo
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06N3/042—Acrylic polymers
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
- D01C1/02—Treatment of vegetable material by chemical methods to obtain bast fibres
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
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- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
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- D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
- D06N2201/04—Vegetal fibres
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- D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
- D06N2201/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06N2201/042—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
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- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/10—Properties of the materials having mechanical properties
- D06N2209/103—Resistant to mechanical forces, e.g. shock, impact, puncture, flexion, shear, compression, tear
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- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
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- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing of fiber raw materials, manufacturing of synthetic leather base materials, manufacturing of synthetic leather, post-processing treatment of the synthetic leather and the like. The artificial leather manufactured by the method has the advantages of high strength and tearing resistance, has almost the same performance as genuine leather or artificial leather on the market, has the biodegradation rate of over 95 percent, can be reused as raw materials after being recycled, has the advantages of degradability, recyclability and the like, solves the environmental protection problems of environmental protection, degradation, regeneration and the like which cannot be achieved by artificial leather, and solves the problems of low recovery rate and nondegratability of the traditional genuine leather or artificial leather.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of artificial leather, in particular to a preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste.
Background
In the early days, the materials for making leather were all taken from animal skins, and these animal leather products have good physical properties, such as excellent elasticity, wear resistance and air permeability, but at present, animal skins are scarce in resources, difficult to produce on a large scale, expensive and not generally owned by the general public of consumers. In order to alleviate the situation, the artificial leather as a substitute material is produced by operation, has low production cost, is elegant and beautiful, has high simulation degree, and is popular with the public once being produced.
However, with the improvement of living standard of people, the attention on the safety and environmental protection of products is greatly improved. At present, synthetic polymer materials are used as raw materials for artificial leather produced in the market, a large amount of waste is generated in the production process, toxic gas and waste water are discharged, and the environmental pollution is serious. Meanwhile, the generated waste is difficult to degrade in the natural environment for a long time, which is a potential hidden danger for the environment. With the recent increase in publicity for animal and environmental protection in China, and the prohibition of production and operation of countries for the emphasis on animal products, people are called to reduce the use of products harmful to the environment.
The publication number is: CN109054222A, chinese patent application, discloses a clean ecological degradable PVC decorative artificial leather, which is made of ecological PVC slurry; the ecological slurry is prepared from the following components: PVC resin powder, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin, diacetyl epoxy soybean olein, polycaprolactone-based polyurethane elastomer, a foaming agent, epoxy soybean oil, organic modified clay, a lubricant, silicone master batches and a stabilizer. The artificial leather prepared by the treatment process has the advantages of no toxicity, environmental protection, low temperature resistance, wear resistance, scratch resistance, good softness, easiness in maintenance, partial biodegradability, texture, full color, moisture absorption, air permeability, smoothness, comfort, antibiosis, deodorization and good migration resistance. However, the artificial leather can only be partially degraded, and the production of the artificial leather is carried out by adopting a pure chemical synthesis method, a degradable base material is not used as a liner, the tearing resistance is poor, and the high biodegradation rate cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which fully utilizes the agricultural and forestry waste and natural bio-based materials, obtains the artificial leather with high strength and high degradation rate by coating degradable resin, does not generate harmful substances during degradation, is environment-friendly and healthy, and can be recycled.
In order to realize the technical scheme, the invention provides a preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of fiber raw materials: the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared by mixing crop straws and wood, cooking by adopting a chemical method, adding a cooking auxiliary agent, sending to a pulping machine for pulping, and drying to obtain unbleached pulp;
s2, manufacturing of the synthetic leather base material: carrying out coarse opening, fine opening and carding on the prepared natural color slurry, lapping and forming, and then sending the obtained natural color slurry to a spunlace machine for spunlace reinforcement and shaping to obtain a synthetic leather base material;
s3, preparing synthetic leather: the synthetic leather base material is placed in a bio-based resin impregnation solution for uniform soaking by adopting an impregnation method, and then the base material is taken out and dried to obtain a leather raw skin;
s4, post-processing treatment of synthetic leather: dyeing, embossing and kneading the prepared original leather to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, selecting agricultural and forestry waste crop straws and wood, uniformly mixing 60-80 parts by weight of the crop straws and 20-40 parts by weight of the wood, placing the mixture into a cooking pot, and adding a sodium hydrosulfite solution with the mass concentration of 1% as a cooking auxiliary agent for cooking;
s12, screening the cooked mixed slurry through a screening machine, and conveying the screened mixed slurry into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping degree of the slurry is controlled to be 30 +/-2 DEG SR;
and S13, placing the pulped pulp in an oven for drying to obtain the natural color pulp for later use.
Preferably, the step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, placing the natural color slurry in a coarse opener for coarse opening, and then placing the natural color slurry in a fine opener for fine opening to uniformly spread the natural color slurry;
s22, placing the uniformly spread natural color slurry in a carding machine for carding, and then using a lapping machine for lapping and forming;
s23, conveying the base material after lapping and forming into a spunlace machine for spunlace reinforcement, then drying and shaping to obtain the synthetic leather base material, and controlling the quantitative rate of the base material to be 150 +/-5 g/m2。
Preferably, the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in step S3 is prepared by the following method: according to the mass portion, 80-100 portions of acrylic resin, 2-4 portions of thickener polyethylene glycol, 1-3 portions of activator fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 1-2 portions of softening agent pentaerythritol fatty acid ester are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the acrylic resin.
Preferably, the step S3 adopts hot air drying, the drying temperature is 135-165 ℃, and the final coating weight after the bio-based resin impregnation liquid is controlled to be 50 +/-5 g/m2。
Preferably, the embossing in step S5 is one of flat plate embossing and roller embossing.
The preparation method of the degradable artificial leather based on the agricultural and forestry waste provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste,
1. the artificial leather manufactured by the invention adopts the raw materials of natural bio-based materials: agricultural and forestry wastes including crop straws and woods have rich yield and can be recycled infinitely; the bio-based resin coated in the leather preparation process also belongs to the degradable category and can be automatically degraded in the natural environment.
2. The artificial leather manufactured by the method has the advantages of high strength and tearing resistance, has almost the same performance as genuine leather or artificial leather on the market, can be reused as a raw material after being recycled, has the advantages of degradability, recyclability and the like, and solves the environmental protection problems of green, degradation, regeneration and the like which cannot be achieved by artificial leather and the problems of low recycling rate and nondegradable property of the traditional genuine leather or artificial leather.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step are within the scope of the present invention.
The detection and characterization method of the artificial leather prepared in the specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the test method comprises the following steps:
quantitative determination: the thickness is determined with reference to GB/T-451.2-2005 standard
Thickness measurement the thickness measurement was carried out with reference to the GB-4689.4-84 standard.
Tensile strength: the tensile strength was determined by reference to QB/T-3812.5-1999.
Tearing force: the tear force was determined with reference to QB/T3812.6-1999.
The biodegradation rate is as follows: according to the GB/T19277 standard, the biodegradation rate is expressed by detecting the ratio of the final release amount of carbon dioxide to the theoretical maximum release amount of carbon dioxide.
Specific examples of the process of the present invention are given below.
Example 1
A preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of fiber raw materials:
s11, selecting agricultural and forestry waste crop straws and wood, mixing 70 parts by weight of the crop straws and 30 parts by weight of the wood uniformly, placing the mixture into a cooking pot, and adding a sodium hydrosulfite solution with the mass concentration of 1% as a cooking auxiliary agent for cooking;
s12, screening the cooked mixed slurry through a screening machine, and conveying the screened mixed slurry into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping degree of the slurry is controlled to be 30 +/-2 DEG SR;
s13, placing the pulped pulp in an oven for drying to obtain natural color pulp for later use;
s2, manufacturing of the synthetic leather base material:
s21, placing the natural color slurry in a coarse opener for coarse opening, and then placing the natural color slurry in a fine opener for fine opening to uniformly spread the natural color slurry;
s22, placing the uniformly spread natural color slurry in a carding machine for carding, and then using a lapping machine for lapping and forming;
s23, conveying the base material after lapping and forming into a spunlace machine for spunlace reinforcement, then drying and shaping to obtain the synthetic leather base material, and controlling the quantitative rate of the base material to be 150 +/-5 g/m2；
S3, preparing synthetic leather: the synthetic leather base material is placed in a bio-based resin impregnation solution for uniform soaking by adopting an impregnation method, wherein the bio-based resin impregnation solution is prepared by the following method: according to the mass parts, 90 parts of acrylic resin, 3 parts of thickening agent polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of activating agent fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 2 parts of softening agent pentaerythritol fatty acid ester are mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain the coating, then the base material is taken out and dried, hot air drying is adopted, the drying temperature is 155 +/-5 ℃, and the final coating weight is controlled to be 50 +/-5 g/m after the bio-based resin impregnation liquid is dried2Obtaining leather raw leather;
s4, post-processing treatment of synthetic leather: dyeing, flat embossing and kneading the prepared original leather to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
A method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in step S2 is prepared by the following steps: according to the mass parts, 80 parts of acrylic resin, 2 parts of thickening agent polyethylene glycol, 1 part of activating agent fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 1 part of softening agent pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, and the rest technical characteristics are the same as those in the example 1.
Example 3
A method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in step S2 is prepared by the following steps: the acrylic resin is 100 parts by weight, the thickener is 4 parts by weight, the activator is 3 parts by weight of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, the softener is 2 parts by weight of pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, and the rest technical characteristics are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
A method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in step S2 is prepared by the following steps: according to the mass parts, 90 parts of acrylic resin, 4 parts of thickening agent polyethylene glycol, 2 parts of activating agent fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 1 part of softening agent pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, and the rest technical characteristics are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 5
A preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste is basically the same as that of example 1, except that 60 parts of crop straws and 40 parts of wood are uniformly mixed and placed in a cooking pot in step S1, and other technical characteristics are the same as those of example 1.
Example 6
A preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste is basically the same as that of example 1, except that 80 parts of crop straws and 20 parts of wood are uniformly mixed and placed in a cooking pot in step S1, and other technical characteristics are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 1
The caliper, tensile strength, tear resistance and biodegradation rate of the Carson brand artificial leather (the current artificial leather with better quality) of the Zhejiang Carson industry group Co., Ltd are measured.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste, which comprises the steps substantially the same as those of example 1, except that the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in step S2 is prepared by the following steps: 90 parts of acrylic resin is prepared by adding water and stirring, and the technical characteristics are the same as those of the example 1 without adding a thickening agent, an activating agent and a softening agent.
The thickness, tensile strength, tear resistance and biodegradation rate of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were measured, and the specific data are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the comparison between examples 1-6 and comparative example 1 shows that the artificial leather prepared by the method provided by the invention is basically the same as the artificial leather on the market in strength because the artificial leather is prepared by using degradable bio-based raw materials as a base material and using degradable bio-based resin as an auxiliary material, not only meets the requirements of tensile strength and tear resistance of the artificial leather, but also has the biodegradation rate of more than 95 percent, and solves the environmental protection problems of green, degradation, regeneration and the like which cannot be achieved by the artificial leather.
It can be seen from comparing the data in example 1 and comparative example 2 that the formulation of the bio-based resin impregnation solution has a large effect on the tensile and tear strengths of the final product, and if the impregnation solution prepared without adding the auxiliary agents such as thickener, activator and softener is used for impregnation, the tensile and tear strengths of the final product are greatly reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be limited to the embodiment and the disclosure of the drawings, and therefore, all equivalent or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparation of fiber raw materials: the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared by mixing crop straws and wood, cooking by adopting a chemical method, adding a cooking auxiliary agent, sending to a pulping machine for pulping, and drying to obtain unbleached pulp;
s2, manufacturing of the synthetic leather base material: carrying out coarse opening, fine opening and carding on the prepared natural color slurry, lapping and forming, and then sending the obtained natural color slurry to a spunlace machine for spunlace reinforcement and shaping to obtain a synthetic leather base material;
s3, preparing synthetic leather: the synthetic leather base material is placed in a bio-based resin impregnation solution for uniform soaking by adopting an impregnation method, and then the base material is taken out and dried to obtain a leather raw skin;
s4, post-processing treatment of synthetic leather: dyeing, embossing and kneading the prepared original leather to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste according to claim 1, wherein the step is carried out
S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11, selecting agricultural and forestry waste crop straws and wood, uniformly mixing 60-80 parts by weight of the crop straws and 20-40 parts by weight of the wood, placing the mixture into a cooking pot, and adding a sodium hydrosulfite solution with the mass concentration of 1% as a cooking auxiliary agent for cooking;
s12, screening the cooked mixed slurry through a screening machine, and conveying the screened mixed slurry into a pulping machine for pulping, wherein the pulping degree of the slurry is controlled to be 30 +/-2 DEG SR;
and S13, placing the pulped pulp in an oven for drying to obtain the natural color pulp for later use.
3. The method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said step (c) is
S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, placing the natural color slurry in a coarse opener for coarse opening, and then placing the natural color slurry in a fine opener for fine opening to uniformly spread the natural color slurry;
s22, placing the uniformly spread natural color slurry in a carding machine for carding, and then using a lapping machine for lapping and forming;
s23, conveying the base material after lapping and forming into a spunlace machine for spunlace reinforcement, then drying and shaping to obtain the synthetic leather base material, and controlling the quantitative rate of the base material to be 150 +/-5 g/m2。
4. The method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bio-based resin impregnation liquid in the step S3 is prepared by the following method: according to the mass portion, 80-100 portions of acrylic resin, 2-4 portions of thickener polyethylene glycol, 1-3 portions of activator fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 1-2 portions of softening agent pentaerythritol fatty acid ester are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain the acrylic resin.
5. The method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step S3, hot air drying is adopted, the drying temperature is 135-165 ℃, and the final coating weight after drying of the bio-based resin impregnation liquid is controlled to be 50 +/-5 g/m2。
6. The method for preparing degradable artificial leather based on agricultural and forestry waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the embossing in the step S5 adopts one of flat plate embossing and roller embossing.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114717855A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-08 | 科隆纳股份有限公司 | Method for producing bio-based and pure synthetic leather material |
| CN114717855B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2024-05-14 | 科隆纳股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bio-based and pure synthetic leather material |
| CN115418866A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-02 | 佛山市高明尚昂科技有限公司 | High-strength degradable bio-based artificial leather and preparation method thereof |
| CN115418866B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2024-05-07 | 佛山市高明尚昂科技有限公司 | High-strength degradable bio-based artificial leather |
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| CN111455681B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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