CN111455132A - Production method for reducing grade of A-type inclusions of titanium-containing steel - Google Patents
Production method for reducing grade of A-type inclusions of titanium-containing steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455132A CN111455132A CN202010354769.9A CN202010354769A CN111455132A CN 111455132 A CN111455132 A CN 111455132A CN 202010354769 A CN202010354769 A CN 202010354769A CN 111455132 A CN111455132 A CN 111455132A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
Abstract
The invention relates to a production method for reducing the grade of titanium-containing steel A-type inclusions, and belongs to the technical field of steel smelting. The invention provides a production method for reducing the grade of titanium-containing steel A-type inclusions, which comprises the following steps: feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-5 batches in the smelting process, wherein the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m/s, and the total amount of the fed titanium dioxide is controlled to be 40-120 ppm; the cored wire consists of a sheath and a core layer, wherein the core layer consists of titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 5-300 nm. The application of the invention can solve the problem that sulfide inclusions exceed the standard in most of the steel enterprises at present, and meet the production requirements of steel grades with higher requirements on A-type inclusions, such as sulfur-containing alloy structural steel, sulfur-containing free-cutting steel and other steel grades.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method for reducing the grade of titanium-containing steel A-type inclusions, and belongs to the technical field of steel smelting.
Background
With the rapid development of the steel industry, the requirements on the comprehensive performance of steel are higher and higher, and the requirements on the cleanliness of molten steel are stricter and stricter. But the introduction of non-metallic inclusions can be unavoidable in the smelting process, thereby harming the performance of the steel. For example: an appropriate amount of sulfide in steel can improve the electromagnetic properties and machinability of steel, but if the amount is too large, the hot workability, corrosion resistance, etc. of steel are reduced. As the affinity of the S element in the molten steel and the Mn, Ni, Ti, Zr and other elements is far greater than that of Fe, sulfides such as MnS, NiS and the like are easily generated. MnS can reduce the pitting corrosion resistance and the crevice corrosion resistance of the steel; too high sulfide inclusion in steel can reduce the transverse elongation and the reduction of area of steel; in the rolling process, the excessive sulfide can cause the cracks of the casting blank. At present, most iron and steel enterprises face the problem that sulfide inclusions (A-type inclusions) are easy to exceed standards, and the reduction of the grade of the A-type inclusions is very important for producing steel grades such as gear steel, heavy rail steel, sulfur-containing free-cutting steel and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method for reducing the grade of A-type inclusions of titanium-containing steel.
The invention provides a production method for reducing the grade of titanium-containing steel A-type inclusions, which comprises the following steps: feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-5 batches in the smelting process, wherein the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m/s, and the total amount of the fed titanium dioxide is controlled to be 40-120 ppm; the cored wire consists of a sheath and a core layer, wherein the core layer consists of titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 5-300 nm.
Further, the production method satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-3 batches in the smelting process;
the interval between each batch is 1-4 min;
preferably, the interval between each batch is 2-3 min;
the wire feeding speed is 2-3 m/s;
controlling the total amount of titanium dioxide fed to be 60-100 ppm;
the particle size range of the titanium dioxide powder is 5-100 nm;
the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 30-200 nm;
preferably, the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 50 to 60 nm.
Further, the production method satisfies at least one of the following conditions:
the outer skin is made of low-carbon steel;
the thickness of the outer skin is 2-5 mm;
preferably, the thickness of the outer skin is 2-3 mm;
most preferably, the thickness of the skin is 2 mm.
Further, the core-spun yarn is a circular tube yarn with the outer diameter of 5-20 mm.
Preferably, the cored wire is a circular tube wire with the outer diameter of 10-12 mm.
Further, the cored wire was fed before exiting at L F or RH.
Preferably, the cored wire is fed after the RH refining is finished and before the RH refining is out of the station.
And further, bottom blowing argon gas to the steel ladle to ensure that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed to the liquid level is 10-50 cm, and feeding the cored wire into the steel ladle from the exposed liquid level.
Preferably, the diameter of the bare molten steel surface of the slag surface of the steel ladle is 20-30 cm.
Further, the titanium-containing steel material is 20CrMnTi alloy structural steel, wherein the S content is 0.015-0.030%, and the Ti content is 0.04-0.10%.
Further, the 20CrMnTi alloy structural steel is gear steel.
Further, the titanium-containing steel material is 20MnTiB alloy structural steel, wherein the S content is 0.015-0.030%, and the Ti content is 0.04-0.10%.
In the invention, the thickness of the outer skin is 2-5 mm. If the outer skin is too thin, the steel cannot pass through the wire feeding machine, and the steel is soft and cannot be occluded into molten steel; the outer skin is too thick, the weight of the core powder is too little, too many wires are fed, the temperature drop in the wire feeding process is large, and the control of the temperature of molten steel is not facilitated.
According to the invention, the core-spun yarn can be fed into the ladle slag surface exposed molten steel surface with the diameter of 10-50 cm, and the temperature drop is not too large. If the diameter is less than 10cm, the cored wire is not easy to align with the hole to enter molten steel, and if the diameter is more than 50cm, the temperature drop is large, the molten steel is oxidized more, and the control of the purity of the molten steel is not facilitated.
The invention provides a production method for reducing the grade of A-type inclusions in titanium-containing steel, which plays a role in promoting the dispersion and distribution of MnS and other inclusions in steel by feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder in the smelting process, thereby ensuring that the grade of the A-type inclusions is less than or equal to 2.0 grade. The application of the invention can solve the problem that sulfide inclusions exceed the standard in most steel enterprises at present, and meet the production requirements of steel grades with higher requirements on A-type inclusions, such as sulfur-containing gear steel, sulfur-containing alloy structural steel and other steel grades.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a production method for reducing the grade of titanium-containing steel A-type inclusions, which comprises the following steps: feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-5 batches in the smelting process, wherein the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m/s, and the total amount of the fed titanium dioxide is controlled to be 40-120 ppm; the cored wire consists of a sheath and a core layer, wherein the core layer consists of titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 5-300 nm.
The present invention has been completed based on the following findings of the inventors: aiming at sulfide inclusions of titanium-containing steel, the cored wire containing titanium dioxide powder is fed into the molten steel to promote the increase of the content of titanium dioxide, and then the cored wire reacts with titanium in the molten steel to form fine and dispersed titanium trioxide. The titanium dioxide particles can provide nucleation cores at the solidification front of molten steel, serve as attachment points for MnS and other inclusions to be separated out in the solidification process, and further form fine and dispersed MnS inclusions, so that the formation of large-particle MnS inclusions is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the grade of A-type inclusions in steel is finally achieved. However, in practical applications, the inventors found that feeding the cored wire is not always effective in reducing the class a inclusion rating of the steel, and the feeding manner, the feeding speed, the feeding amount and the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder contained in the cored wire have a significant influence on the inclusion reduction effect.
Specifically, the total amount of titanium dioxide fed is controlled within the range of 40-120 ppm. When the addition amount is more than 120ppm, titanium dioxide is easy to aggregate and grow to form large-particle inclusions, and does not contribute to the reduction of the grade of the type A inclusions. On the other hand, if the amount is less than 40ppm, the effect of improving the quality is not remarkably exhibited.
Secondly, feeding cored wires into the molten steel in 2-5 batches in the smelting process. In order to save the operation time and simplify the production process, the inventor tries to feed the cored wire once, but the grade of the A-type inclusion is still as high as 2.5, and the satisfactory improvement effect cannot be obtained. The inventor analyzes that feeding all the cored wires at one time can cause aggregation of nano titanium dioxide in local areas to form large-particle inclusions, so that the feeding is preferably carried out by 2-5 batches. And 2-3 batches are preferably added, so that the problem of short production rhythm can be avoided, and the production flow is smoother.
And thirdly, the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m/s. Tests prove that when the wire feeding speed is more than 4m/s, the grade of the A-type inclusions of the obtained steel cannot be effectively improved, and analysis is also caused by the fact that the titanium dioxide is aggregated into large-particle inclusions due to excessively high local concentration of the titanium dioxide. If the wire feeding speed is less than 1m/s, the penetration depth of the cored wire into the molten steel is insufficient, and as a result, most of the titanium dioxide is adsorbed by the slag, and it is difficult to provide a sufficient adhesion point for the precipitation of inclusions such as MnS.
And finally, the core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 5-300 nm. The titanium dioxide powder has an excessively large particle size, which is not favorable for inclusion control and is easily aggregated into large-particle inclusion clusters. However, the raw material cost is also considered comprehensively, and if the particle size is too small, the finer titanium dioxide is more expensive, which greatly increases the production cost.
The scheme of the invention will be explained with reference to the examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1 production of 20CrMnTi Gear Steel Using the method of the invention
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 50nm, and the particle size range is 10 nm-90 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 10 mm.
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.020 percent, and the Ti content is 0.060 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed to the molten steel surface is 20cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 3.0 m/s. The titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 2 times in the yarn feeding process, wherein 50ppm of titanium dioxide is added each time, and the interval time is 2 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the Ti content in the steel is 0.055%, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting 5min later.
The method is adopted to treat the molten steel, and the grade of the A-type inclusions of the bars finally obtained by production is 1.5 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard rating.
Example 2 production of 20CrMnTi Gear Steel Using the method of the invention
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 60nm, and the particle size range is 5 nm-95 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 15 mm.
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.030 percent, and the Ti content is 0.070 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed on the molten steel surface is 30cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 1.0 m/s. The titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 3 times in the yarn feeding process, the titanium dioxide is added for 40ppm each time, and the interval time is 2 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the Ti content in the steel is 0.066%, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting after 3 min.
The steel liquid is treated by adopting the method, and the grade of the A-type inclusion of the steel products finally obtained by production is 2.0 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard rating.
Example 3 production of 20MnTiB alloy structural steel by the method of the present invention
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 55nm, and the particle size range is 15 nm-98 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 20 mm.
When the 20MnTiB alloy structural steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.028 percent, and the Ti content is 0.08 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed on the molten steel surface is 25cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 4.0 m/s. The nano titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 2 times in the yarn feeding process, wherein the titanium dioxide is added by 60ppm each time, and the interval time is 3 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the Ti content in the steel is 0.076%, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting 4min later.
The steel liquid is treated by adopting the method, and the grade of the A-type inclusion of the steel products finally obtained by production is 1.5 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard rating.
Comparative example 1 production of 20CrMnTi Gear Steel without adding titanium dioxide cored wire
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.020 percent, and the Ti content is 0.070 percent. Titanium dioxide cored wires are not added before RH is taken out of the station, the Ti content in the steel is 0.069%, and the molten steel is directly sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting.
The final product produced by the method adopts GB/T10561-2005 standard rating, and the class A inclusion rating is 2.5 grade.
Comparative example 2 core-spun yarn without adding titanium dioxide in production of 20MnTiB alloy structural steel
When the 20MnTiB alloy structural steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.028 percent, and the Ti content is 0.060 percent. Before the RH is out of the station, titanium dioxide cored wires are not added, the Ti content in the steel is 0.059 percent, and the molten steel is sent out of the continuous casting platform for continuous casting.
The final product produced by the method adopts GB/T10561-2005 standard rating, and the class A inclusion rating is 3.0 grade.
Comparative example 3 Effect of titanium dioxide addition on class A inclusion rating
When the 20MnTiB alloy structural steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.027 percent, and the Ti content is 0.08 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed on the molten steel surface is 25cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 4.0 m/s. The nano titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 2 times in the yarn feeding process, the titanium dioxide is added for 180ppm each time, and the interval time is 3 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the Ti content in the steel is 0.076%, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting 4min later.
The steel liquid is treated by the method, the grade of the A-type inclusion of the steel product finally obtained through production is 2.5 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard, and the grade of the D-type inclusion of large particles in the steel product is 2.5 grade.
Comparative example 4 influence of the wire feeding method on the class A inclusion rating
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 50nm, and the particle size range is 10 nm-90 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 10 mm.
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.020 percent, and the Ti content is 0.060 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed to the molten steel surface is 20cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 3.0 m/s. And (3) adding titanium dioxide core-spun yarns in the yarn feeding process for 1 time, adding 120ppm of titanium dioxide, and after the yarn feeding is finished, controlling the Ti content in the steel to be 0.062%, and sending the molten steel to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting 5min later.
The method is adopted to treat the molten steel, and the grade of the A-type inclusions of the bars finally obtained by production is 2.5 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard rating.
Comparative example 5 Effect of wire feed speed on class A inclusion rating
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 60nm, and the particle size range is 5 nm-95 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 15 mm.
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.030 percent, and the Ti content is 0.065 percent. After RH refining is finished and before the molten steel is taken out of the station, the cored wire is fed into the molten steel, argon is blown from the bottom of a steel ladle before the wire is fed, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed on the molten steel surface is 30cm, the cored wire is fed into the steel ladle from the exposed molten steel surface, and the wire feeding speed is 6.0 m/s. The titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 2 times in the yarn feeding process, the titanium dioxide is added for 60ppm each time, and the interval time is 1 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the content of Ti in the steel is 0.061%, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting after 3 min.
The steel liquid is treated by adopting the method, and the grade of the A-type inclusion of the steel products finally obtained by production is 2.5 grade through the GB/T10561-2005-wall standard rating.
Comparative example 6 influence of the particle size of titanium dioxide powder on the class A inclusion rating
Preparing a titanium dioxide cored wire: the method comprises the steps of preparing a core layer of the cored wire and wrapping the core layer by a sheath to form the round pipe. The core layer is composed of titanium dioxide powder (purity is more than 99%), the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 180nm, and the particle size range is 120 nm-350 nm. The outer skin is made of low-carbon cold-rolled strip steel and has the thickness of 2 mm. The outer diameter of the whole cored wire is 20 mm.
When the 20CrMnTi gear steel is produced, the S content in the steel is 0.028 percent, and the Ti content is 0.065 percent. And feeding the cored wire into the molten steel after finishing RH refining and before leaving the station. And (3) bottom blowing argon gas to the steel ladle before feeding the wire, so that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed to the liquid steel surface is 25cm, and feeding the cored wire into the steel ladle from the exposed liquid steel surface at the wire feeding speed of 4.0 m/s. The titanium dioxide core-spun yarn is added in 2 times in the yarn feeding process, the titanium dioxide is added for 60ppm each time, and the interval time is 3 min. After the wire feeding is finished, the Ti content in the steel is 0.060 percent, and the molten steel is sent to a continuous casting platform for continuous casting 4min later.
The steel liquid is treated by the method, the steel product finally produced is graded according to the GB/T10561-2005-grade standard, and the grade of the class A inclusion is 3.0 grade.
It should be appreciated that the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments. Furthermore, the various embodiments and features of the various embodiments described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Claims (10)
1. The production method for reducing the grade of the A-type inclusions of the titanium-containing steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-5 batches in the smelting process, wherein the wire feeding speed is 1-4 m/s, and the total amount of the fed titanium dioxide is controlled to be 40-120 ppm; the cored wire consists of a sheath and a core layer, wherein the core layer consists of titanium dioxide powder with the particle size of 5-300 nm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: at least one of the following is satisfied:
feeding cored wires containing titanium dioxide powder into molten steel in 2-3 batches in the smelting process;
the interval between each batch is 1-4 min;
preferably, the interval between each batch is 2-3 min;
the wire feeding speed is 2-3 m/s;
controlling the total amount of titanium dioxide fed to be 60-100 ppm;
the particle size range of the titanium dioxide powder is 5-100 nm;
the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 30-200 nm;
preferably, the average particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 50 to 60 nm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: at least one of the following is satisfied:
the outer skin is made of low-carbon steel;
the thickness of the outer skin is 2-5 mm;
preferably, the thickness of the outer skin is 2-3 mm;
most preferably, the thickness of the skin is 2 mm.
4. The production method as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the core-spun yarn is a circular tube yarn with the outer diameter of 5-20 mm; preferably, the cored wire is a circular tube wire with the outer diameter of 10-12 mm.
5. The production method of claim 1, wherein the core-spun yarn is fed before the exit of L F or RH, preferably after the RH refining is finished and before the exit.
6. The production method as set forth in claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: bottom blowing argon gas to the steel ladle to ensure that the diameter of the slag surface of the steel ladle exposed to the liquid level is 10-50 cm, and feeding the cored wire into the steel ladle from the exposed liquid level; preferably, the diameter of the bare molten steel surface of the slag surface of the steel ladle is 20-30 cm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the titanium-containing steel material contains 0.04-0.20% of Ti.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the titanium-containing steel material is 20CrMnTi alloy structural steel, wherein the S content is 0.015-0.030%, and the Ti content is 0.04-0.10%.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the 20CrMnTi alloy structural steel is gear steel.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein: the titanium-containing steel material is 20MnTiB alloy structural steel, wherein the S content is 0.015-0.030%, and the Ti content is 0.04-0.10%.
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| CN113072384A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-07-06 | 安徽工业大学 | Novel oxide metallurgy process |
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