CN111452774A - Electric central parking brake and control method thereof - Google Patents

Electric central parking brake and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111452774A
CN111452774A CN202010461523.1A CN202010461523A CN111452774A CN 111452774 A CN111452774 A CN 111452774A CN 202010461523 A CN202010461523 A CN 202010461523A CN 111452774 A CN111452774 A CN 111452774A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
parking brake
brake
parking
gear
motor
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Pending
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CN202010461523.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
雷雨龙
耿小虎
付尧
温官正
王彬宇
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Publication date
Application filed by Jilin University filed Critical Jilin University
Priority to CN202010461523.1A priority Critical patent/CN111452774A/en
Publication of CN111452774A publication Critical patent/CN111452774A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/746—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive and mechanical transmission of the braking action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/085—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated by electrical means, e.g. travel, force sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/006—Positive locking brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/14—Mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
    • F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
    • F16D2125/52—Rotating members in mutual engagement with non-parallel stationary axes, e.g. worm or bevel gears

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric central parking brake, comprising: the brake front shell is provided with an accommodating chamber, fixedly connected to the transmission shell and provided with a through hole; two motors, which are both arranged in the accommodating chamber; the output ends of the two motors are respectively connected with the two worms through two couplers, the two worms respectively transmit power to the two locking gears through two turbines and two transmission shafts, one side of each of the two locking gears is of a gear structure, and the other side of each of the two locking gears is of a smooth structure; one end of the brake rear shell passes through the through hole to be connected with the transmission shaft, the other end of the brake rear shell is rotatably arranged in the brake front shell, and the brake rear shell is provided with a groove; wherein, the recess is inside to have the internal gear, and the internal gear can mesh with two locking gears mutually. The invention also discloses a control method of the electric central parking brake, which adopts different parking brake strategies to control the on-off of the parking brake according to the vehicle state parameters.

Description

Electric central parking brake and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, in particular to an electric central parking brake and a control method thereof.
Background
Parking brakes, commonly referred to as motor vehicle mounted hand brakes, are key components in automotive parking brake systems for ensuring vehicle stability after braking and, in particular, preventing accidents due to rolling when the vehicle is parked on a sloped road.
The braking principle of the central parking brake is that the parking brake is installed on a transmission shaft by utilizing friction force braking, and the vehicle is ensured not to slide by braking the transmission shaft.
At present, a common central parking brake mainly adopts a pull wire type, namely a driver needs to pull up a parking brake lever, if an actuating mechanism is a drum brake, a brake rear shell fixedly connected with a transmission shaft is locked by a brake shoe to stabilize a vehicle, and if the actuating mechanism is a disc brake, a brake caliper compresses a brake pad to realize the purpose.
When the vehicle runs under a complex working condition and the parking brake is frequent, certain physical consumption and psychological pressure can be brought to the driver, and if the vehicle works in the environment for a long time, misoperation can easily occur to the driver. When parking braking and driving starting are performed on a slope, a driver needs to have certain driving experience, and if the driver does not operate the vehicle in place, the engine is shut down or the vehicle slips back.
In addition, in order to ensure the safety of the parking brake, many drivers can operate the parking brake pull rod to the limit position without considering the current road environment and load state of the vehicle, so that the abrasion and deformation of mechanical parts such as a parking brake cable and the like are easily caused, the mechanical parts are easily in a stress fatigue state, and the safety of a vehicle parking brake system is reduced. When the stay cable of the stay-supported parking braking system deforms and extends, after a certain number of use times, the parking braking performance is weakened until failure, so that the vehicle has certain potential safety hazards.
In addition, when a driver forgets to pull up the parking brake pull rod due to negligence after the engine is shut down and stops, the automobile slips, traffic accidents are caused, and great damage and loss are brought to an owner and a victim. And the driver forgets to release the parking brake cable when starting the vehicle to run due to negligence, so that great damage is caused to the parking brake system.
When a driver carelessly stops the engine after the engine is shut down, the driver easily forgets to pull up the parking brake pull rod and hurries away to leave a vehicle which is not stably braked, and the vehicle is easy to slide accidentally to cause traffic accidents.
Therefore, how to improve the central parking brake and reduce the labor intensity of the driver and forget the operation steps is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design and develop an electric central parking brake, which replaces a drum type braking form in the prior art by motor driving, reduces the potential safety hazard of driving, realizes power transmission by matching a motor and a worm and worm wheel, effectively prolongs the service life of the brake, and ensures the stability of the parking braking state of a vehicle by mechanical self-locking of the worm and worm wheel.
The invention also designs and develops a control method of the electrodynamic type central parking brake, which judges the running state of the vehicle according to the running state parameters of the vehicle collected by the sensor, and adopts a related parking brake control strategy to control the action of a driving motor of the parking brake, thereby realizing the intellectualization of the parking brake.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an electric central parking brake comprising:
the front shell cover is fixedly connected to the transmission shell; and
the brake front shell is detachably connected with the front shell cover to form an accommodating chamber, and the brake front shell is provided with a first through hole;
one end of the brake rear shell is provided with a second through hole, the other end of the brake rear shell is of a groove structure, and one end of the brake rear shell penetrates through the first through hole, so that the second through hole and the first through hole are coaxially arranged;
a braking device disposed within the containment chamber, the braking device comprising:
a motor;
a worm connected to an output shaft of the motor;
a worm gear in meshed transmission with the worm;
a connecting shaft coaxially connected with the turbine;
the locking gear is coaxially arranged on the connecting shaft, one side of the outer circumference of the locking gear is of a gear structure, and the other side of the outer circumference of the locking gear is of a smooth structure;
the second through hole is connected with the transmission shaft, the lead angle of the worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the meshing wheel, the groove structure is arranged inside the containing chamber, an internal gear is arranged inside the groove structure, and the internal gear can be meshed with the gear structure.
Preferably, the braking device further includes:
a partition plate disposed inside the first through hole;
wherein the connecting shafts can respectively pass through the partition plates in a sliding manner;
a coupling disposed between the motor and the worm.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a vehicle speed sensor disposed in an axle housing of a vehicle drive axle;
an engine speed sensor disposed at an engine cylinder block near the flywheel;
a pedal pressure sensor disposed within the brake pedal;
the inclination angle sensor is arranged between the main and auxiliary driving seats of the vehicle and is close to the mass center position of the vehicle;
a position detection sensor provided in the brake rear case for detecting a meshing state of the lock gear with an internal gear;
a parking controller connected to the motor;
and the vehicle control unit is connected with the vehicle speed sensor, the engine rotating speed sensor, the pedal pressure sensor, the inclination angle sensor, the position detection sensor and the parking controller.
Preferably, a plurality of sets of braking means can be provided in the housing.
Preferably, two sets of braking devices are arranged in the accommodating chamber and are arranged in a central symmetry manner.
A method for controlling an electric central parking brake, using the electric central parking brake, comprising the steps of:
step one, collecting the speed, the rotating speed of an engine, the parking gradient, the state of a parking button, the pressure on a driving seat and the opening degree of a brake pedal;
step two, when n is reachedyNot equal to 0, and when V is more than 0.3, the parking brake keeps a closing state;
when n isyWhen V is greater than 0.3 and psi is not equal to 0, the parking brake keeps the closing state;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is greater than 5, the output torque is smaller than the braking torque required by the parking of the vehicle when the parking brake is braked, and psi is not equal to 0, the parking brake keeps the closing state;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is equal to or less than 5 and the parking button is on, the parking brake is turned on;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is equal to or less than 5, the parking button is off, and Y is equal to 0, the parking brake is on;
when n isyWhen the parking brake is on, the parking brake is turned on, and the output torque of the parking brake is not less than the braking torque required by parking of the vehicle;
when the parking brake is in an on state, and Y ≠ 0:
if α is less than or equal to 5 and the parking button is off, the parking brake is turned off;
if α is less than or equal to 5, parkingThe button is on, and nyWhen not equal to 0, the parking brake is closed;
if α > 5, nyWhen the psi is not equal to 0 and the parking brake is closed;
wherein n isyFor engine speed, V for vehicle speed, α for parking grade, psi for pressure on the brake pedal, and Y for pressure on the driver seat.
Preferably, the output torque at the time of braking by the parking brake is:
MZ＝Mdi1i2η；
in the formula, MZFor output of torque during braking of the parking brake, MdFor the locked-rotor output torque of the motor, i1For reduction and torque-increasing gear ratio of worm and gear i2η is the mechanical efficiency of the parking brake for the gear ratio of the lock gear and the internal gear.
The locked-rotor output torque of the motor is as follows:
Figure BDA0002511146600000041
in the formula, N is the electrode pair number of the motor, N is the number of turns of each phase in series connection, U is the input voltage of the motor, and U is the number of turns of each phase in series connection1For the electronics tube voltage drop, a electrode claw coefficient, β is the motor resistance, and φ is the magnetic flux per pole.
Preferably, the braking torque required for parking the vehicle is:
Mreq＝mgRsinα；
in the formula, MreqThe braking torque required for parking the vehicle, m is the vehicle mass, g is the gravitational acceleration, R is the wheel radius, α is the parking slope.
Preferably, the control process of the parking brake being turned on is:
the output shaft of the motor rotates in the positive direction to drive the worm and the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the locking gear to rotate 180 degrees through the connecting shaft, the gear structure is meshed with the internal gear, the rear shell of the brake is fixed, the transmission shaft is also fixed, and the motor is turned off.
Preferably, the parking brake is turned off by a control process of:
the output shaft of the motor rotates reversely to drive the worm and the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the locking gear to rotate 180 degrees through the connecting shaft, the gear structure is disengaged from the inner gear, and the motor is turned off.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an electric central parking brake which is designed and developed, and adopts a motor drive to replace the original drum brake form and a parking button to replace a parking brake pull rod, namely a wire-controlled parking brake form, so that the operation of a driver is simplified, the motor is matched with a worm and a worm wheel, the power transmission is realized, the service life of the brake is effectively prolonged, and the stability of the parking brake state of a vehicle is ensured through the mechanical self-locking of the worm and the worm wheel.
The invention discloses a control method of an electrodynamic type central parking brake, which is designed and developed, judges the running state of a vehicle according to vehicle running state parameters acquired by a sensor, and adopts a related parking brake control strategy to control the action of a driving motor of the parking brake, thereby realizing parking brake intellectualization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of an electric central parking brake according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of the electric central parking brake according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a front housing and a front housing cover of the brake according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a rear brake housing according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a front view schematically illustrating the receiving chamber of the front housing of the brake according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another side view of the receiving chamber of the front housing of the brake according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the braking device of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the first connecting shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an assembly structure diagram of the first connecting shaft according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below in order to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an electric central parking brake according to the present invention includes: the brake device comprises a front brake shell 111, a front shell cover 112, a rear brake shell 120 and a brake device 130, wherein as shown in fig. 3, the front brake shell 111 and the front shell cover 112 are detachably connected to form a containing chamber, the brake device 130 is arranged in the containing chamber, the front cover plate 112 is detachably connected to a transmission outer shell of a vehicle through bolts, and the front brake shell 111 is kept still during the normal running of the vehicle. And the brake front case 111 has a first through hole; as shown in fig. 4, one end of the brake back case 120 has a third through hole 122, and one end of the brake back case 120 passes through the first through hole to be connected with a transmission shaft of a vehicle by a bolt, as shown in fig. 4, the other end of the brake back case 120 is provided with a groove; during normal driving of the vehicle, the brake rear housing 120 rotates together with the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft passes through the third through hole 122 and the front cover plate 112, the other end of the brake rear shell 120 is rotatably arranged in the accommodating chamber, and the brake front shell 111 and the brake rear shell 120 are not fixedly connected and can relatively rotate; the ring gear 121 is in interference fit with the groove, and the braking device 130 is disposed in the accommodating chamber and cooperates with the brake rear case 120 to brake the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the braking device 130 may be provided with one or more sets to improve the strength of the parking brake, and in this embodiment, two sets are provided, which are centrosymmetric and have the same structure, including: a first motor 131a, a second motor 131b, a first worm 132a, a second worm 132b, a first worm wheel 133a, a second worm wheel 133b, a first connecting shaft 134a, a second connecting shaft 134b, a first locking gear 135a, a second locking gear 135b, a first partition 113a and a second partition 113b, wherein the first motor 131a is disposed in the accommodating chamber, an output shaft of the first motor 131a is connected to the first worm 132a through a coupling, the first worm wheel 133a is engaged with the first worm 132a, as shown in fig. 8, the first connecting shaft 134a includes a first portion 201, two second portions 202 and two third portions 203, wherein one end of the two second portions 202 is disposed at both ends of the first portion 201, respectively, and the two second portions 202 are key-connected portions, the third portions 203 are disposed at the other end of the two second portions 202, respectively, and the diameters of the first portion 201, the second portion 202 and the third portion 203 are reduced in sequence; as shown in fig. 9, the first worm wheel 133a is disposed on the second portion 202, that is, the first worm wheel 133a is in a key connection with the first connecting shaft 134a, the first locking gear 135a is disposed on the other second portion 202 through the key connection, one side of the outer circumference of the first locking gear 135a is in a gear structure, and the other side is in a smooth structure; the gear structure of the outer circumference of the first locking gear 135a can be meshed with the inner gear ring 121, the lead angle of the first worm 132a is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the meshed gears, the transmission between the first worm 132a and the first worm gear 133a has a self-locking function, and reverse self-locking can be realized, namely, the first worm 132a can only drive the first worm gear 133a to rotate, and the first worm gear 133a cannot drive the first worm 132a to rotate, so that vehicle sliding can be avoided after the vehicle is stopped stably; a first partition plate 113a and a second partition plate 113b are symmetrically arranged in the first through hole, the first partition plate 113a and the second partition plate 113b have the same structure and are both fan-shaped structures, the first partition plate 113a and the second partition plate 113b are provided with second through holes, and the first part 201 can rotatably pass through the second through hole of the first partition plate 113a through a bearing; the two third portions 203 respectively pass through the grooves of the front housing cover 112 and the brake rear housing 120 in a rotatable manner through bearings, the second motor 131b, the second worm 132b, the second worm wheel 133b, the second connecting shaft 134b and the second locking gear 135b are identical in structure with the first motor 131a, the first worm 132a, the first worm wheel 133a, the first connecting shaft 134a and the first locking gear 135a, and the connecting structure is also identical, and the second connecting shaft 134b passes through the second through hole of the second partition 113b in a rotatable manner through bearings.
The electric central parking brake is divided into a static part and a rotating part, wherein the static part comprises a brake front shell 111, a front shell cover 112, a first partition 113a, a second partition 113b, a first motor 131a, a second motor 131b, a first worm 132a, a second worm 132b, a first worm wheel 133a, a second worm wheel 133b, a first connecting shaft 134a, a second connecting shaft 134b, a first locking gear 135a and a second locking gear 135b, the rotating part comprises a brake rear shell 120, an inner gear 121 and a third through hole 122, the static part is kept still during the normal running of a vehicle, one side of the gear structure of the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b is separated from the inner gear 121, and the rotating part rotates along with a transmission shaft.
The electric central parking brake according to the present invention further includes: a vehicle speed sensor, which is arranged in an axle housing of a vehicle drive axle and is used for detecting the vehicle speed; an engine speed sensor, which is arranged at the position of the engine cylinder body close to the flywheel and is used for detecting the engine speed; a pedal pressure sensor provided in the brake pedal for detecting a pressure on the pedal; the inclination angle sensor is arranged between the primary and secondary driver seats of the vehicle, is close to the mass center position of the vehicle, and is used for detecting the parking gradient; a position detection sensor provided in the brake rear case for detecting a meshing state of the two lock gears with an internal gear; the parking controller is connected with the two motors and arranged below a vehicle driving seat; and the vehicle control unit is arranged under a vehicle driving seat and is connected with the vehicle speed sensor, the engine rotating speed sensor, the pedal pressure sensor, the inclination angle sensor, the position detection sensor and the parking controller.
When the vehicle is parked and braked, the brake front shell 111 is fixed, the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b are started, the output shaft of the first motor 131a drives the first worm 132a and the first worm wheel 133a to rotate through the coupler, the first worm wheel 133a drives the first locking gear 135a to rotate through the first connecting shaft 134a, the output shaft of the second motor 131b drives the second worm 132b and the second worm wheel 133b to rotate through the coupler, the second worm wheel 133b drives the second locking gear 135b to rotate through the second connecting shaft 134b, the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b rotate 180 degrees, one side of the gear structure of the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b is meshed with the inner gear ring 121, braking is realized through the self-locking principle of the first worm 132a, the second worm 132b, the first worm wheel 133a and the second worm wheel 133b, the brake rear shell 120 is fixed, the drive shaft attached to the brake rear housing 120 will also be stationary.
The electric central parking brake can effectively reduce the operation intensity of a driver and simultaneously avoid the phenomenon of vehicle sliding when the vehicle is parked on a slope.
The invention also provides a control method of the electric central parking brake, which uses the electric central parking brake and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, various signals capable of reflecting the running state of a vehicle are collected, wherein the signals comprise a vehicle speed signal, an engine rotating speed signal, a parking gradient signal, a parking button signal, a driver seat signal, a brake pedal signal and a parking brake pressure signal;
the engine speed can be obtained by an engine speed sensor; the parking button signal and the driver seat signal are both switching value signals; the brake pedal signal is an analog signal and can be obtained through a pedal pressure sensor; the parking gradient signal is also an analog signal and can be monitored by an inclination angle sensor;
step two, when a driver steps on a brake pedal to brake the vehicle, and the engine is shut down and stopped, considering the practical situation, the road surface of the stopped position is uneven, the vehicle can slide and the like, the vehicle is in a normal parking state when the vehicle speed is not more than 0.3m/s, and the vehicle cannot be parked when the vehicle speed is more than 0.3 m/s;
when the engine is shut down, the vehicle speed is not more than 0.3m/s, the parking gradient is not more than 5 degrees, the vehicle is in normal parking braking, at the moment, the vehicle controller only receives a parking braking button signal implemented by a driver, the parking braking signal is transmitted to the vehicle controller through a bus according to a control command, and the vehicle controller controls the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b to act according to requirements. If the parking brake button is turned on, the output shafts of the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b rotate in the forward direction to drive the worm gear mechanism to reduce the speed and increase the torque, and then the power is transmitted to the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b through the first connecting shaft 134a and the second connecting shaft 134b, and the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b are gradually engaged with the ring gear 121. The brake back housing 120 will be stationary and the drive shaft attached to the brake back housing 120 will also be stationary. When the first and second lock gears 135a and 135b are in a complete engagement state with the ring gear 121, the first and second motors 131a and 131b stop rotating, and the parking button lamp is turned on. After the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b complete the parking braking action, the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b are kept stationary, and the electric central parking brake ensures the stability of the parking braking state of the vehicle through the mechanical self-locking of the internal worm gear.
When the parking gradient is larger than 5 degrees, the vehicle control unit can calculate the braking torque required by the parking of the vehicle according to the road gradient signal detected by the inclination angle sensor, and meanwhile, the braking pressure is monitored. When the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b are in a complete engagement state with the ring gear 121, the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b stop rotating, if the output torque during the braking of the parking brake cannot meet the braking torque required by the parking of the vehicle at this time, and the parking button lamp flickers, it indicates that the parking brake cannot be performed on the slope, the vehicle can be braked only by the driver stepping on the brake pedal, and the driver needs to change the parking position.
Wherein the braking torque required by parking the vehicle is as follows:
Mreq＝mgRsinα；
in the formula, MreqThe braking torque required for parking the vehicle, m is the vehicle mass, g is the gravitational acceleration, R is the wheel radius, α is the parking slope.
When the motor normally works, the current is rated current, and the current of the motor is not very large. When a vehicle is parked and braked, the parking brake generates braking force, and the motor in the parking brake is in a locked-rotor state under the action of counter force, so that the current of the motor can be increased by 1-2 times.
Therefore, the parking brake output torque at the time of braking is:
MZ＝Mdi1i2η；
in the formula, MZFor output of torque during braking of the parking brake, MdFor the locked-rotor output torque of the motor, i1For reduction and torque-increasing gear ratio of worm and gear i2η is the mechanical efficiency of the parking brake for the gear ratio of the lock gear and the internal gear.
The locked-rotor output torque of the motor is as follows:
Figure BDA0002511146600000091
in the formula, N is the electrode pair number of the motor, N is the number of turns of each phase in series connection, U is the input voltage of the motor, and U is the number of turns of each phase in series connection1For the electronics tube voltage drop, a electrode claw coefficient, β is the motor resistance, and φ is the magnetic flux per pole.
After the vehicle is stopped and flamed out, the rotating speed of the engine is zero, if the pressure on the driver seat is zero at the moment, the vehicle control unit judges that the current driver leaves, if the parking brake button is not pressed at the moment, the fact that the driver forgets the parking brake operation is represented, the vehicle control unit actively controls the parking control unit to act according to the requirement, and the vehicle parking brake is completed:
the parking controller controls the output shafts of the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b to rotate in the forward direction to drive the worm gear mechanism to reduce the speed and increase the torque, and then the power is transmitted to the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b through the first connecting shaft 134a and the second connecting shaft 134b, and the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b are gradually meshed with the ring gear 121. The brake back housing 120 will be stationary and the drive shaft attached to the brake back housing 120 will also be stationary. When the first and second lock gears 135a and 135b are in a complete engagement state with the ring gear 121, the first and second motors 131a and 131b stop rotating, and the parking button lamp is turned on. After the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b complete the parking braking action, the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b are kept stationary, and the electric central parking brake ensures the stability of the parking braking state of the vehicle through the mechanical self-locking of the internal worm gear.
When the driver stops on the slope and does not apply the parking brake, the driver does not leave, the vehicle can slide immediately, and therefore the driver can actively apply the parking brake on the slope and cannot forget to park.
And step three, when the parking button is in an off state, namely a driver turns off the parking brake system, after the parking brake is released, the vehicle controller receives the vehicle state parameters, and if the vehicle is parked on the flat ground, the parking brake is controlled by the parking controller to release the parking brake.
The parking brake release signal is transmitted to the parking controller through the bus, and the parking controller controls the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b to act as required. The output shafts of the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b rotate in opposite directions to drive the worm gear mechanism to rotate in opposite directions, and then the first connecting shaft 134a and the second connecting shaft 134b drive the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b to rotate in opposite directions, so that the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b are gradually disengaged from the ring gear 121. When the first and second lock gears 135a and 135b are in a completely disengaged state from the ring gear 121, the first and second motors 131a and 131b stop rotating, the parking button lamp is turned off, and the parking brake of the vehicle is released.
If the vehicle stops on a slope, the driver is required to step on the brake pedal first, the service brake system provides braking force required by wheels, and the parking brake can be released.
When the engine is detected to be turned on and the vehicle is not on a slope, the vehicle is judged to be started, but the driver forgets to release the brake pull rod, and the parking brake can be automatically released.
If the vehicle is parked on a slope, the driver has already depressed the brake pedal first, and not the parking brake button, the parking brake may also be automatically released:
the parking brake release signal is transmitted to the parking controller through the bus, and the parking controller controls the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b to act as required. The output shafts of the first motor 131a and the second motor 131b rotate in opposite directions to drive the worm gear mechanism to rotate in opposite directions, and then the first connecting shaft 134a and the second connecting shaft 134b drive the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b to rotate in opposite directions, so that the first locking gear 135a and the second locking gear 135b are gradually disengaged from the ring gear 121. When the first and second locking gears 135a and 135b are completely separated from the ring gear 121, the first and second motors 131a and 131b stop rotating, the parking button lamp is turned off, and the parking brake of the vehicle is released.
The invention discloses a control method of an electrodynamic type central parking brake, which is designed and developed, judges the running state of a vehicle according to vehicle running state parameters acquired by a sensor, and adopts a related parking brake control strategy to control the action of a driving motor of the parking brake, thereby realizing parking brake intellectualization.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An electric central parking brake comprising:
the front shell cover is fixedly connected to the transmission shell; and
the brake front shell is detachably connected with the front shell cover to form an accommodating chamber, and the brake front shell is provided with a first through hole;
one end of the brake rear shell is provided with a second through hole, the other end of the brake rear shell is of a groove structure, and one end of the brake rear shell penetrates through the first through hole, so that the second through hole and the first through hole are coaxially arranged;
a braking device disposed within the containment chamber, the braking device comprising:
a motor;
a worm connected to an output shaft of the motor;
a worm gear in meshed transmission with the worm;
a connecting shaft coaxially connected with the turbine;
the locking gear is coaxially arranged on the connecting shaft, one side of the outer circumference of the locking gear is of a gear structure, and the other side of the outer circumference of the locking gear is of a smooth structure;
the second through hole is connected with the transmission shaft, the lead angle of the worm is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the teeth of the meshing wheel, the groove structure is arranged inside the containing chamber, an internal gear is arranged inside the groove structure, and the internal gear can be meshed with the gear structure.
2. The electric central parking brake of claim 1, wherein the braking device further comprises:
a partition plate disposed inside the first through hole;
wherein the connecting shafts can respectively pass through the partition plates in a sliding manner;
a coupling disposed between the motor and the worm.
3. The electric central parking brake of claim 2, further comprising:
a vehicle speed sensor disposed in an axle housing of a vehicle drive axle;
an engine speed sensor disposed at an engine cylinder block near the flywheel;
a pedal pressure sensor disposed within the brake pedal;
the inclination angle sensor is arranged between the main and auxiliary driving seats of the vehicle and is close to the mass center position of the vehicle;
a position detection sensor provided in the brake rear case for detecting a meshing state of the lock gear with an internal gear;
a parking controller connected to the motor;
and the vehicle control unit is connected with the vehicle speed sensor, the engine rotating speed sensor, the pedal pressure sensor, the inclination angle sensor, the position detection sensor and the parking controller.
4. The electric central parking brake of claim 3, wherein a plurality of sets of braking devices can be disposed in the housing chamber.
5. The electric central parking brake of claim 3 wherein two sets of brake devices are disposed in the chamber and are arranged in a central symmetry.
6. A method of controlling an electric central parking brake using the electric central parking brake according to claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
step one, collecting the speed, the rotating speed of an engine, the parking gradient, the state of a parking button, the pressure on a driving seat and the opening degree of a brake pedal;
step two, when n is reachedyNot equal to 0, and when V is more than 0.3, the parking brake keeps a closing state;
when n isyWhen V is greater than 0.3 and psi is not equal to 0, the parking brake keeps the closing state;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is greater than 5, the output torque is smaller than the braking torque required by the parking of the vehicle when the parking brake is braked, and psi is not equal to 0, the parking brake keeps the closing state;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is equal to or less than 5 and the parking button is on, the parking brake is turned on;
when n isyWhen V is equal to or less than 0.3, α is equal to or less than 5, the parking button is off, and Y is equal to 0, the parking brake is on;
when n isyWhen the parking brake is on, the parking brake is turned on, and the output torque of the parking brake is not less than the braking torque required by parking of the vehicle;
when the parking brake is in an on state, and Y ≠ 0:
if α is less than or equal to 5 and the parking button is off, the parking brake is turned off;
if α is less than or equal to 5, the parking button is on, and nyWhen not equal to 0, the parking brake is closed;
if α > 5, nyWhen the psi is not equal to 0 and the parking brake is closed;
wherein n isyFor engine speed, V for vehicle speed, α for parking grade, psi for pressure on the brake pedal, and Y for pressure on the driver seat.
7. The method of controlling an electric central parking brake according to claim 6, wherein the parking brake output torque is:
MZ＝Mdi1i2η；
in the formula, MZFor output of torque during braking of the parking brake, MdFor the locked-rotor output torque of the motor, i1For reduction and torque-increasing gear ratio of worm and gear i2η is the mechanical efficiency of the parking brake for the gear ratio of the lock gear and the internal gear;
the locked-rotor output torque of the motor is as follows:
Figure FDA0002511146590000031
in the formula, N is the electrode pair number of the motor, N is the number of turns of each phase in series connection, U is the input voltage of the motor, and U is the number of turns of each phase in series connection1For the electronics tube voltage drop, a electrode claw coefficient, β is the motor resistance, and φ is the magnetic flux per pole.
8. The method of controlling an electric central parking brake according to claim 6, wherein the braking torque required for parking the vehicle is:
Mreq＝mgRsinα；
in the formula, MreqAs vehiclesThe braking torque required by parking, m is the mass of the automobile, g is the gravity acceleration, R is the radius of the wheel, and α is the parking gradient.
9. The method of controlling an electric central parking brake according to claim 8, wherein the parking brake on control process is:
the output shaft of the motor rotates in the positive direction to drive the worm and the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the locking gear to rotate 180 degrees through the connecting shaft, the gear structure is meshed with the internal gear, the rear shell of the brake is fixed, the transmission shaft is also fixed, and the motor is turned off.
10. The method of controlling an electric central parking brake according to claim 9, wherein the parking brake off control process is:
the output shaft of the motor rotates reversely to drive the worm and the worm wheel to rotate, the worm wheel drives the locking gear to rotate 180 degrees through the connecting shaft, the gear structure is disengaged from the inner gear, and the motor is turned off.
CN202010461523.1A 2020-05-27 2020-05-27 Electric central parking brake and control method thereof Pending CN111452774A (en)

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