Workpiece concentric clamping device capable of centering and calibrating and centering and calibrating method
Technical Field
The application is a divisional application of Chinese patent 2019109709942 (application date: 20191014, name: workpiece concentric clamping device and clamping method).
The invention relates to the technical field of working and processing, in particular to a workpiece concentric clamping device capable of centering and calibrating and a centering and calibrating method.
Background
When a round casting (such as a new energy motor shell) is cleaned and machined, a workpiece needs to be clamped, a three-jaw chuck is fixed in a traditional method, three jaws are screwed up manually one by one, the centering performance is low, the clamping time is long, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides the workpiece concentric clamping device capable of centering and calibrating, which is driven by the forward and reverse lead screws and the guide rods, so that the three clamping blocks move at the same time and the same distance to clamp the outer surface of a circular workpiece, and the problems of low centering precision, long operation time and the like are solved. The invention further provides a centering calibration method based on the workpiece concentric clamping device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a scalable concentric workpiece clamping device, comprising: the screw rod is fixed through the screw rod seat, the screw rod is divided into a left part and a right part by a clamping central point, and threads of the left part and the right part have opposite rotating directions; the left part and the right part of the screw rod are connected through a coupling, the coupling comprises two flange plates which are respectively connected with the left part and the right part of the screw rod, and the two flange plates are connected through bolts; the first clamping piece is connected to one side of the screw rod through a first nut; a first moving slot extending toward the clamping center point, along which the first clamping member moves; the guide rod is connected to the other side of the screw rod through a second nut, and the guide rod is provided with two deflector rods with the included angle of the central lines of 120 degrees; the two second clamping pieces are respectively connected to the end parts of the two shift levers; two second moving grooves, the two second moving grooves both extending toward the clamping center point, the two second clamping members moving along the two second moving grooves, respectively; the included angle between the two second moving grooves and the included angle between the second moving groove and the first moving groove are both 120 degrees; the first clamping piece and the two second clamping pieces are at the same distance from the clamping center point.
Preferably, the screw rod clamping device further comprises a clamping table, the screw rod seat is fixed to the lower portion of the clamping table, and the first moving groove and the second moving groove are formed in the clamping table.
Preferably, a first moving guide block is arranged below the first clamping member, and the first moving guide block is matched with the first moving groove and slides in the first moving groove.
Preferably, a second moving guide block is arranged below the second clamping member, and the second moving guide block is matched with the second moving groove and slides in the second moving groove.
Preferably, the first clamping member and the second clamping member are V-shaped clamping blocks.
Preferably, the upper part of the second nut is in key connection with the guide rod.
Preferably, a deflector rod groove is formed in the deflector rod, a guide rod sliding column is arranged below the second clamping piece, and the guide rod sliding column is matched with the deflector rod groove.
Preferably, a handle is further arranged on one side of the screw rod.
Preferably, one side of the screw rod is connected with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is matched with a worm, and the worm is connected with the handle.
Preferably, a support leg is arranged below the clamping table.
A clamping method adopts the workpiece concentric clamping device, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing a workpiece to be clamped between the first clamping piece and the two second clamping pieces;
step 2: rotating the screw rod to enable the first clamping piece to move along the first moving groove in the radial direction; meanwhile, the lead screw drives the guide rod, and the two deflector rods of the guide rod drive the two second clamping pieces to move along the radial direction of the second moving groove;
and step 3: until the workpiece to be clamped is clamped.
According to the centering calibration step of the workpiece concentric clamping device capable of being calibrated, the method comprises the following specific steps:
the two flange plates are in a mutually separable state, the left part or the right part of the screw rod is adjusted leftwards and rightwards, the first nut and the second nut are positioned at the same position from the clamping central point, at the moment, if a gap exists between the two flange plates, a gasket consistent with the gap is arranged, and then the bolt is screwed, so that the two flange plates are fastened together.
In the centering calibration step, the clamping center point may be determined by an intersection point of extension lines of the first moving groove and the second moving groove.
In the centering and calibrating step, the lead screw can be fixed through one or more lead screw seats, at least one lead screw seat can move left and right along with a part of the lead screw when being adjusted, and then the lead screw seat is fixed. Alternatively, a part of the screw may slide left and right in the corresponding screw seat.
When the outer circle of the new energy motor shell is clamped, three clamping pieces are adopted for clamping; when the boss of the new energy motor shell is clamped, a cushion block is added on the surfaces of the three clamping pieces, the surfaces of the three clamping pieces are attached to the surfaces of the section blocks, and the plane of the cushion block is in contact with the surface of the boss of the new energy motor shell.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the three clamping pieces are driven by a lead screw, are stirred by the screw transmission and the guide rod to move along the radial direction of the first moving groove and the second moving groove, and are simple and convenient to operate;
(2) the two shift levers on the guide rod form an included angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal central line on the horizontal central line. The second nut moves left and right due to the movement of the screw nut pair, so that the central line of the deflector rod and the horizontal central line form an angle of 60 degrees and are kept unchanged, the first moving groove, the central line of the deflector rod (deflector rod groove) and the second nut form an equilateral triangle (three angles are 60 degrees) from the clamping central point, the distance from the center of the second nut to the clamping central point is always equal to the distance from the center of the second clamping element to the clamping central point and also equal to the distance from the center of the first nut to the clamping central point, the handle is rotated, the distances from the three clamping elements to the clamping central point are always equal under the driving of the forward and reverse screw nuts, the clamping effect and the centering effect are achieved, the working time is short, and the production efficiency is high.
(3) In addition, because the forward and reverse screw rods are adopted in the device, when the device is assembled, the first nut and the second nut are positioned on the threads at the same distance from the clamping central point, so that the distances from the first clamping piece to the clamping central point are the same with those from the second clamping piece to ensure that the three clamping pieces are positioned on the circumference taking the clamping central point as the circle center all the time, and the centering precision is higher.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a front view structural view of an outer clamping circle of the clamping device of the motor shell of the new energy source;
FIG. 2 is a top view structural view of the clamping outer circle of the clamping device of the motor housing of the new energy source of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the clamping boss of the clamping device for the housing of the new energy motor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a first clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a top view structural view of the first clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the first clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view structural view of a second clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a top view structural view of a second clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a side view structural view of a second clamping member of the new energy motor housing clamping device of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a guide rod of the clamping device for the housing of the new energy motor of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a structural view of the clamping device for the motor housing of the new energy source (a worm gear and a coupling are added).
Description of reference numerals:
in FIGS. 1 to 11, 1 supports a leg; 2, clamping a table; 2-1 a first moving groove; 2-2 second moving groove; 3, a lead screw seat; 4, a lead screw; 5 a first clamping member; 5-1 a first V-shaped clamping block; 5-2 a first mobile guide block; 5-3 a first nut; 6 a second nut; 7, a guide rod; 7-1 deflector rod; 7-2 of a poking rod groove; 7-3 key slots; 7-4 guide rod fixing holes; 8 a second clamping member; 8-1 second V-shaped clamping blocks; 8-2 second movement guide block; 8-3 guide rod sliding columns; 8-4 studs; 9 a handle; 10 cushion blocks; 11, a new energy motor shell; 11-1 motor shell excircle; 11-2 motor shell boss; a coupling 12; a worm wheel 13; a worm 14.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the workpiece concentric clamping device of the present embodiment is a new energy motor housing clamping device, and includes a clamping table 2, a lead screw 4, a first clamping member 5, a guide rod 7, and a second clamping member 8.
The screw rod 4 is divided into a left part and a right part by a clamping central point, the left half part is processed into left-handed threads, the right half part of the screw rod 4 is processed into right-handed threads, and the left end and the right end of the screw rod 4 are fixed on the lower part of the clamping table 2 through screw rod 4 seats 3. The handle 9 of the screw 4, which passes through the right end, is turned.
A supporting leg 1 is arranged below the clamping table 2. The clamping table 2 is provided with a first moving groove 2-1 and two second moving grooves 2-2, the first moving groove 2-1 and the two second moving grooves 2-2 extend towards the clamping central point from outside to inside, and included angles among the three moving grooves are 120 degrees.
The lead screw 4 is positioned right below the first moving groove 2-1, the first clamping piece 5 is connected to a right-handed thread of the lead screw 4 through a first nut 5-3, and when the lead screw 4 is rotated, the first clamping piece 5 moves along the first moving groove 2-1. The guide rod 7 is connected to the left-hand thread of the screw rod 4 by a second nut 6. The guide rod 7 is provided with two deflector rods 7-1 with the included angle of the central lines of 120 degrees. The two second clamping pieces 8 are respectively connected to the ends of the two shift levers 7-1, and when the lead screw 4 is rotated, the two second clamping pieces 8 respectively move along the two second moving grooves 2-2. The first clamping member 5 and the two second clamping members 8 are at the same distance from the clamping center point.
Specifically, a first moving guide block 5-2 is arranged below the first clamping member 5, and the first moving guide block 5-2 is matched with the first moving groove 2-1 and slides in the first moving groove 2-1. A second moving guide block 8-2 is arranged below the second clamping piece 8, and the second moving guide block 8-2 is matched with the second moving groove 2-2 and slides in the second moving groove 2-2. The first movable guide block 5-2 and the second movable guide block 8-2 are respectively in sliding contact with three uniformly distributed movable grooves (a first movable groove 2-1 and a second movable groove 2-2) to form radial movement.
A stud 8-4 is further arranged below the second moving guide block 8-2, and the stud 8-4 is connected with a bolt in a screwing mode so as to prevent the second clamping piece 8 from falling off the second moving groove 2-2. A deflector rod groove 7-2 is arranged on the deflector rod 7-1, a guide rod sliding column 8-3 is also arranged between the second movable guide block 8-2 and the stud 8-4, and the guide rod 7 sliding column is movably matched with the deflector rod groove 7-2. Therefore, the second clamping block slides in the second moving groove 2-2 through the second moving guide block 8-2 and slides in the deflector rod groove 7-2 through the guide rod 7 and the sliding column.
Specifically, the first clamping member 5 includes a first V-shaped clamping block 5-1, a first moving guide block 5-2, and a first nut 5-3. The side of the first V-shaped clamping block 5-1 facing the clamping centre point has a V-shaped surface. The first moving guide block 5-2 is positioned below the first V-shaped clamping block 5-1, and the first nut 5-3 is positioned below the first moving guide block 5-2. The second clamping piece 8 comprises a second V-shaped clamping block 8-1, a second moving guide block 8-2, a guide rod sliding column 8-3 and a stud 8-4. The side of the second V-shaped clamping block 8-1 facing the clamping centre point has a V-shaped surface. The second movable guide block 8-2 is positioned below the second V-shaped clamping block 8-1, the guide rod sliding column 8-3 is positioned below the second movable guide block 8-2, and the stud 8-4 is positioned below the guide rod sliding column 8-3. The V-shaped surface is contacted with the periphery of a to-be-clamped piece (such as a new energy motor shell 11), so that the contact area is increased, and the clamping and fixing effects are increased.
The right hand first clamping member 5 is moved left and right along the first moving groove 2-1 by the rotation of the right hand handle 9. The second nut 6 and the screw rod 4 form a screw pair, and the second nut 6 moves left and right. The guide rod 7 is provided with a guide rod fixing hole 7-4, the upper part of the second nut 6 is fixed with a key groove 7-3 on the guide rod 7 in the circumferential direction by adopting key connection, the upper part and the lower part of the second nut 6 are fixed by adopting a pressing plate and a plurality of bolts, and the bolts penetrate through the pressing plate and are fixed on the guide rod fixing hole 7-4. In order to prevent the second nut 6 from rotating, the upper surface of the screw assembly is in contact with the bottom surface of the clamping table 2 and only moves, and the second nut 6 is not rotated. When the second nut 6 moves rightwards, the guide rod 7 is driven to move rightwards and radially. The two deflector rods 7-1 with the included angle of 120 degrees exert inward force on the guide rod sliding column 8-3 through the deflector rod grooves 7-2, the second movable guide block 8-2 is stirred to move inwards in the radial direction along the second movable groove 2-2, and finally the second clamping piece 8 moves in the radial direction to clamp the outer surface of the new energy motor shell 11. The first clamping part 5 and the second clamping part 8 are uniformly distributed at 120 DEG to each other and move along the clamping table 2 in the radial direction.
When the excircle 11-1 of the motor shell of the new energy motor shell 11 is clamped, three clamping pieces are adopted for clamping; when the motor shell boss 11-2 of the new energy motor shell 11 is clamped, a cushion block 10 is added on the V-shaped surface of the clamping piece, the V-shaped surface of the cushion block 10 is attached to the V-shaped surface of the V-shaped block, and the plane of the cushion block 10 is in contact with the surface of the motor shell boss 11-2 of the new energy motor shell 11.
The clamping method adopts the new energy motor shell clamping device and comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing the new energy motor housing between the first clamping member 5 and the two second clamping members 8;
step 2: rotating the screw rod 4 to enable the first clamping piece 5 to move along the first moving groove 2-1 in the radial direction; meanwhile, the lead screw 4 drives the guide rod 7, and the two deflector rods 7-1 of the guide rod 7 drive the two second clamping pieces 8 to move along the radial direction of the second moving groove 2-2;
and step 3: until clamping the new energy motor shell.
The invention mainly has the following advantages:
(1) the three clamping pieces are driven by a handle 9, a second movable guide block 8-2 is shifted by a screw transmission and guide rod 7 to move along the radial direction of a second movable groove 2-2 of the clamping table 2, the three movable guide blocks respectively move in three movable grooves which form an angle of 120 degrees with each other of the clamping table 2, and the guide blocks are fixedly connected with the clamping pieces.
(2) The guide rod 7 is integrally formed by two driving rods 7-1, the two driving rods 7-1 are provided with driving rod grooves 7-2, the included angle of the central lines of the two driving rods 7-1 is 120 degrees, the included angle of each driving rod 7-1 and the symmetrical line of the guide rod 7 is 60 degrees, the driving rods 7-1 and the symmetrical line of the guide rod 7 are fixed on the second nut 6 through bolts in guide rod fixing holes 7-4 in a key connection mode, and the driving rod grooves 7-2 in the driving rods 7-1 are used for stirring guide rod sliding columns 8-3 in the first clamping part 5, so that the second moving guide blocks 8-2 in the second clamping part 8 slide in the second moving grooves 2-2 in the clamping table 2, radial movement of the second clamping part 8 is completed, and the new energy motor.
The clamping table 2 is fixed, the three uniformly distributed moving grooves on the clamping table 2 are also fixed, the first moving groove 2-1 on the right side is on the horizontal central line, and the two second moving grooves 2-2 on the left side form 60-degree included angles with the horizontal central line respectively above and below the horizontal central line.
Two deflector rods 7-1 on the guide rod 7 are fixed under the key grooves 7-3, wherein one deflector rod 7-1 is positioned on a horizontal central line and forms an angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal central line, the other deflector rod 7-1 is positioned under the horizontal central line and also forms an angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal central line, as the screw rod 4 and the nut pair move to enable the second nut 6 to move left and right, the central line of the deflector rod groove 7-2 and the horizontal central line form an angle of 60 degrees and keep unchanged, the central line of the second moving groove 2-2, the deflector rod groove 7-2, the second nut 6 and the center (clamping central point) of the clamping table 2 form a regular triangle (three angles are 60 degrees), the distance from the center of the second nut 6 to the center (clamping center point) of the clamping table 2 is always equal to the distance from the center of the guide rod sliding column 8-3 to the center of the clamping table, and is also equal to the distance from the center of the first nut 5-3 to the center of the clamping table 2. Therefore, the handle 9 is rotated, and the distances from the three V-shaped clamping blocks to the center of the clamping table 2 are always equal under the driving of the nuts of the forward and reverse screw rods 4, so that the clamping effect and the centering effect are achieved, the working time is short, and the production efficiency is high.
In this embodiment, the first and second moving grooves 2-1 and 2-2 can be referred to as moving grooves of the clamping table 2; the first and the second V-shaped clamping blocks 5-1 and 8-1 can be called V-shaped blocks or V-shaped clamping blocks or clamping V-shaped blocks; the first V-shaped clamping block 5-1 can be called a nut clamping V-shaped block or a nut clamping V-shaped block; the centre point of clamping may be referred to as the centre of the clamping table 2.
As shown in fig. 11. After the device provided by the invention is clamped, the screw nut plays a certain clamping role and can be used under the condition that the workpiece clamping requirement is not high. In order to further guarantee the problem of clamping and looseness prevention, a worm wheel 13 can be connected to one side of the screw rod, the worm wheel 13 is matched with a worm 14, and the worm 14 is connected to the clamping table 2. A worm 14 is connected to the handle 9. The device realizes the clamping and anti-loosening effect by utilizing the self-locking function of the worm and the gear.
In addition, in order to ensure the centering precision, the requirements on parts and assembly are high. As soon as the first nut 5-3 and the second nut 6 are not absolutely symmetrically located on both sides of the central clamping point, absolute centering cannot be guaranteed. As a further innovation of the invention, the following measures are adopted for centering precision:
the screw rod is divided into two sections for processing, so that the position of each section of screw rod (left and right parts) relative to the nut can be conveniently adjusted, and then the screw rods are integrally assembled, so that the relative central positions of the first nut 5-3 and the second nut 6 are ensured. The left and right screw rods are connected through a coupling 12. The coupling 121 includes two flanges respectively connected to the left and right portions of the screw, and the two flanges are connected to each other by bolts.
The centering calibration step of the device specifically comprises the following steps:
the two flange plates are in a mutually separable state, the left part or the right part of the screw rod 4 is adjusted left and right, the first nut 5-3 and the second nut 6 are positioned at the same position from the clamping central point, at the moment, if a gap exists between the two flange plates, a gasket consistent with the gap is arranged, and then the bolt is screwed, so that the two flange plates are fastened together.
In the centering calibration step, the clamping center point may be determined by the intersection point of the extension lines of the first moving groove 2-1 and the second moving groove 2-2.
In the centering and calibrating step, the lead screw 4 can be fixed through one or more lead screw seats, at least one lead screw seat 3 can move left and right along with a part of the lead screw 4 during adjustment, and then the lead screw seat 3 is fixed. Alternatively, a part of the lead screw 4 is slidable left and right in the corresponding lead screw housing 4.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.