CN111451804B - Clamp for cylindrical workpiece - Google Patents

Clamp for cylindrical workpiece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111451804B
CN111451804B CN202010419277.3A CN202010419277A CN111451804B CN 111451804 B CN111451804 B CN 111451804B CN 202010419277 A CN202010419277 A CN 202010419277A CN 111451804 B CN111451804 B CN 111451804B
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China
Prior art keywords
arc
telescopic
gear
shaped mounting
mounting disc
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CN202010419277.3A
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CN111451804A (en
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周方俊
周家帅
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Hunan Hongkeda Equipment Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.
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Taizhou Yunjie Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Application filed by Taizhou Yunjie Environmental Technology Co ltd filed Critical Taizhou Yunjie Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN202110217475.6A priority Critical patent/CN112792591A/en
Priority to CN202010419277.3A priority patent/CN111451804B/en
Priority to CN202110217464.8A priority patent/CN112894411A/en
Publication of CN111451804A publication Critical patent/CN111451804A/en
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Publication of CN111451804B publication Critical patent/CN111451804B/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and particularly relates to a clamp for a cylindrical workpiece, which comprises an I-shaped mounting disc, an inner clamping mechanism and an outer clamping mechanism, wherein when the clamp is used for clamping the workpiece, the workpiece is only required to be sleeved on three first clamping arc plates which are distributed in an inclined manner, and then the workpiece is pushed, so that the workpiece drives three groups of telescopic structures to swing; when the three groups of telescopic structures swing to be in a horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc; the adjusting rod is rotated, the worm and worm wheel are driven by the adjusting rod to drive the three arc-shaped racks to move upwards, and the arc-shaped racks after moving upwards limit the stretching and swinging of the three groups of stretching structures; namely, the inner wall of the workpiece is fixed; then, the driving columns arranged on the three screws are driven manually through a hexagonal wrench to drive the screws to rotate, and the screws can drive the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc under the action of the threads; the connecting plate slides to drive the two second clamping arc plates arranged on the connecting plate to slide to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece; and finishing the installation of the workpiece.

Description

Clamp for cylindrical workpiece
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of clamps, and particularly relates to a clamp for a cylindrical workpiece.
Background
A machine tool clamp is a device used for clamping a workpiece on a machine tool. The function of which is to position the workpiece so that it obtains the correct position with respect to the machine tool and the tool and to clamp the workpiece reliably.
For some cylindrical workpieces, particularly cylindrical workpieces with relatively large diameters, the cylindrical workpieces are generally machined by a vertical lathe; the following problems exist during clamping:
firstly, in the clamping process, a workpiece is not easy to clamp and is easy to deform in the clamping process.
Secondly, the clamping process of the cylindrical workpiece is relatively slow and cannot be rapidly clamped.
The invention designs a clamp which can realize quick clamping and simultaneously prevent a workpiece from being stressed and deformed in the clamping process and is used for a vertical lathe.
The invention designs a clamp for a cylindrical workpiece to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a clamp for a cylindrical workpiece, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A clamp for cylindrical workpieces is characterized in that: the machine tool comprises an I-shaped mounting disc, an inner clamping mechanism, an outer clamping mechanism, a base and a motor, wherein the lower end of the base is fixedly mounted on a frame body of the machine tool, and the motor is mounted on the inner side of the base; the I-shaped mounting disc is mounted on an output shaft of the motor and is in rotating fit with the base; the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism are mounted on the I-shaped mounting plate.
The inner clamping mechanism consists of three inner clamping units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
A worm is rotatably arranged in the I-shaped mounting disc, and the axis of the worm is collinear with the axis of the I-shaped mounting disc; the adjusting rod is rotatably arranged on the outer circular surface at the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc and is in transmission connection with the worm through a gear.
The inner clamping unit comprises a telescopic outer sleeve, a telescopic inner rod, a first return spring, a second return spring, a sliding block, a worm wheel, an arc-shaped rack and a first clamping arc plate, wherein the sliding block is slidably mounted on the inner side of one end of the telescopic outer sleeve, and the second return spring is mounted between the sliding block and the telescopic outer sleeve; the sliding block is provided with a hinged shaft, and two ends of the hinged shaft penetrate through two sides of the telescopic outer sleeve; the telescopic outer sleeve is hinged and arranged on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc through a hinge shaft arranged on the sliding block; one end of the telescopic inner rod is slidably arranged on the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve, and a first reset spring is arranged between one end of the telescopic inner rod, which is positioned on the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve, and the inner end surface of the telescopic outer sleeve; the other end of the telescopic inner rod is fixedly provided with a first clamping arc plate; the worm wheel is rotatably arranged in the I-shaped mounting disc and meshed with the worm; the arc-shaped rack is slidably arranged on the I-shaped mounting plate, and one end of the arc-shaped rack penetrates through the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate and is matched with the telescopic inner rod; the worm wheel is in transmission connection with the arc-shaped rack through a gear.
The end of the telescopic outer sleeve, which is provided with the sliding block, is provided with a straight surface.
The outer clamping mechanism consists of three outer clamping units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
The outer clamping unit comprises a connecting plate, a second clamping arc plate, a connecting structure and a screw rod, wherein the connecting plate is installed on the outer side of the I-shaped mounting disc in a sliding mode along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc; the two second clamping arc plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the connecting plate through the two connecting structures; one end of the screw rod is provided with a limiting ring, the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc through the limiting ring, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the connecting plate to be in threaded fit with the connecting plate; and rotating the screw rod, wherein the screw rod drives the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc under the action of the screw thread.
As a further improvement of the technology, the upper end of the base is fixedly provided with a fixed sleeve; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc is rotatably mounted in the fixed sleeve; the output shaft of the motor is connected with the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc through a coupler.
As a further improvement of the technology, the upper end of the I-shaped mounting plate is fixedly provided with a mounting column; three groups of hinged lugs are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of the mounting column in the circumferential direction; three telescopic jackets in the three inner clamping units are respectively hinged and installed on the three groups of hinged support lugs through hinged shafts installed on the inner side sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
As a further improvement of the technology, the inner side of the I-shaped mounting plate is provided with a first mounting groove, three fifth mounting grooves are uniformly arranged on the inner circular surface of the upper end of the first mounting groove in the circumferential direction, and one side of each of the three fifth mounting grooves is provided with an arc-shaped groove penetrating out of the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting plate; the worm is rotatably arranged in the first mounting groove, and three worm wheels in the three inner clamping units are respectively rotatably arranged in three fifth mounting grooves; three arc racks in the three internal clamping units are respectively and slidably mounted in the three arc grooves, and the upper ends of the three arc racks penetrate out of the three arc grooves to be matched with the corresponding telescopic inner rods.
As a further improvement of the present technology, a third mounting groove is formed on the lower side of the first mounting groove, and a fourth mounting groove is formed on the upper side of the third mounting groove; the first gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the worm and is positioned in the third mounting groove; the second gear is rotatably arranged in the fourth mounting groove and is meshed with the first gear; the second gear is fixedly connected with the adjusting rod.
As a further improvement of the technology, a second mounting groove is formed in the inner side of the I-shaped mounting plate, and a balancing weight for balancing the weight of the second gear and the weight of the adjusting rod is mounted in the second mounting groove.
As a further improvement of the technology, the three worm gears and the three arc-shaped racks which are arranged in the three fifth mounting grooves and the three arc-shaped grooves are completely identical in mounting structure.
For the structure installed between any one group of worm gears and the arc-shaped rack, the fourth rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the worm gears are fixedly installed at one end of the fourth rotating shaft, and the seventh gear is fixedly installed at the other end of the fourth rotating shaft; one end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the sixth gear is rotatably arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the fourth gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft, and the fourth gear is meshed with the sixth gear; the fifth gear is fixedly arranged at the other end of the second rotating shaft; one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the third gear is rotatably arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the fifth gear; the third gear is meshed with the corresponding arc-shaped rack.
As a further improvement of the technology, the lower sides of the three telescopic inner rods are provided with teeth, the lower side of one end of each of the three telescopic outer sleeves is provided with a square opening, the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks are provided with a limiting block in a swinging mode, and two plate springs are respectively arranged between the two sides of the limiting block and the corresponding arc-shaped racks; the upper end of the limiting block penetrates through the square opening on the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve to be matched with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod; the limiting block is always kept in an inclined state between the two plate springs and the corresponding arc-shaped racks and is deviated to one side provided with the first clamping arc plate.
As a further improvement of the technology, three screw holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting plate, and a limiting groove is formed in each of the inner circular surfaces of the three screw holes; three groups of guide holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc, the three groups of guide holes are respectively matched with the three screw holes, and the two guide holes in the same group are respectively positioned on two sides of the corresponding screw holes; two sides of three connecting plates in the three external clamping units are respectively and symmetrically provided with two guide rods, and the three connecting plates are respectively arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc in a matching way through the two guide rods on the three connecting plates and three groups of guide holes formed on the I-shaped mounting disc; the three screw rods are matched with three screw holes formed in the I-shaped mounting disc, and three limiting rings installed on the three screw rods are in rotating fit with the three limiting grooves.
One end of each of the three screw rods is fixedly provided with a driving column convenient for manual driving, and the driving column is provided with a hexagonal groove.
As a further improvement of the technology, the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket is provided with a first sliding chute, two sides of the first sliding chute are provided with a through second sliding chute, the sliding block is slidably arranged in the first sliding chute, and a hinge shaft arranged on the sliding block penetrates through the second sliding chutes on two sides of the first sliding chute and is hinged with a hinge support lug arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc.
The inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve is symmetrically provided with two guide grooves, one end of the telescopic inner rod is symmetrically provided with two guide blocks, and the telescopic inner rod is slidably arranged in the telescopic outer sleeve through the matching of the guide blocks and the guide grooves.
Three avoidance grooves for preventing the three telescopic outer sleeves from interfering with the I-shaped mounting disc in the swinging process are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc.
Compared with the traditional clamp technology, the clamp has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the clamp is used for clamping a workpiece, the workpiece is sleeved on the three first clamping arc plates which are distributed in an inclined mode, and then the workpiece is pushed, so that the workpiece drives the three groups of telescopic structures to swing; when the three groups of telescopic structures swing to be in a horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc; the adjusting rod is rotated, the worm and worm wheel are driven by the adjusting rod to drive the three arc-shaped racks to move upwards, and the arc-shaped racks after moving upwards limit the stretching and swinging of the three groups of stretching structures; namely, the inner wall of the workpiece is fixed; then, the driving columns arranged on the three screws are driven manually through a hexagonal wrench to drive the screws to rotate, and the screws can drive the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc under the action of the threads; the connecting plate slides to drive the two second clamping arc plates arranged on the connecting plate to slide to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece; finishing the installation of the workpiece; the clamp can realize rapid clamping of workpieces; meanwhile, the inner wall and the outer wall of the workpiece are fixed at the same time, so that the workpiece is not easy to deform in the clamping process.
2. According to the invention, the limiting block is always kept in an inclined state with the corresponding arc-shaped rack under the action of the two plate springs and is biased to one side provided with the first clamping arc plate, so that the arc-shaped rack is ensured to provide a thrust far away from the telescopic outer sleeve for the corresponding telescopic inner rod after moving upwards, and the clamping force of the first clamping arc plate arranged on the telescopic inner rod on the inner wall surface of a workpiece is improved.
3. According to the invention, the three arc-shaped racks can be limited and locked by the designed self-locking function of the first worm and the first worm wheel, so that the three arc-shaped racks are prevented from being pressed and moving reversely to influence the clamping of the inner clamping mechanism on the workpiece.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external view of an entire part.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall component distribution.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the inner and outer clamping mechanisms.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the inner and outer clamping mechanisms.
Fig. 5 is an external view of the inner clamping unit.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an inner clamping unit.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an outer clamping unit.
Fig. 8 is a schematic external view of the drum-type mounting plate.
Fig. 9 is a schematic illustration of a drum-type mounting plate configuration.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an arcuate rack and worm installation.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the first and second gears mating.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of an arcuate rack and worm gear drive.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of stopper installation.
Number designation in the figures: 1. an i-shaped mounting plate; 2. an inner clamping mechanism; 3. an outer clamping mechanism; 4. a base; 5. fixing a sleeve; 6. a coupling; 7. a motor; 8. a balancing weight; 9. a worm; 10. an arc-shaped rack; 11. a telescopic outer sleeve; 12. a telescopic inner rod; 13. a first clamping arc plate; 14. hinging a shaft; 15. a first return spring; 16. a slider; 17. a second return spring; 18. a first chute; 19. a second chute; 20. a guide groove; 21. a square opening; 22. a guide block; 23. a drive column; 24. a connecting plate; 25. a second clamping arc plate; 26. a connecting structure; 27. a guide bar; 28. a limiting ring; 29. a screw; 30. an arc-shaped slot; 31. a hinged lug; 32. a guide hole; 33. a screw hole; 34. a limiting groove; 35. a first mounting groove; 36. a second mounting groove; 37. a third mounting groove; 38. a fourth mounting groove; 39. a fifth mounting groove; 40. a limiting block; 41. a first gear; 42. adjusting a rod; 43. a second gear; 44. a third gear; 45. a first rotating shaft; 46. a second rotating shaft; 47. a fourth gear; 48. a fifth gear; 49. a sixth gear; 50. a seventh gear; 51. a third rotating shaft; 52. a fourth rotating shaft; 53. a worm gear; 54. a plate spring; 55. an inner clamping unit; 56. an outer clamping unit; 57. mounting a column; 58. an avoidance groove; 59. a straight surface; 60. and (5) a workpiece.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples or figures are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the clamping device comprises an i-shaped mounting plate 1, an inner clamping mechanism 2, an outer clamping mechanism 3, a base 4 and a motor 7, wherein the lower end of the base 4 is fixedly mounted on a frame body of a machine tool, and the motor 7 is mounted on the inner side of the base 4 as shown in fig. 1; the I-shaped mounting disc 1 is mounted on an output shaft of the motor 7, and the I-shaped mounting disc 1 is in rotating fit with the base 4; as shown in fig. 3, the inner clamping mechanism 2 and the outer clamping mechanism 3 are mounted on the drum type mounting plate 1.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inner clamping mechanism 2 is composed of three inner clamping units 55 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
As shown in fig. 4 and 11, the worm 9 is rotatably mounted in the drum-shaped mounting plate 1, and the axis of the worm 9 is collinear with the axis of the drum-shaped mounting plate 1; the adjusting rod 42 is rotatably arranged on the outer circular surface of the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc 1, and the adjusting rod 42 is in transmission connection with the worm 9 through a gear.
As shown in fig. 5 and 10, the inner clamping unit 55 includes a telescopic outer sleeve 11, a telescopic inner rod 12, a first return spring 15, a second return spring 17, a slider 16, a worm wheel 53, an arc-shaped rack 10, and a first clamping arc plate 13, wherein as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the slider 16 is slidably mounted on the inner side of one end of the telescopic outer sleeve 11, and the second return spring 17 is mounted between the slider 16 and the telescopic outer sleeve 11; a hinged shaft 14 is arranged on the sliding block 16, and two ends of the hinged shaft 14 penetrate through two sides of the telescopic jacket 11; the telescopic outer sleeve 11 is hinged and installed on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped installation disc 1 through a hinge shaft 14 installed on a sliding block 16; one end of the telescopic inner rod 12 is slidably arranged at the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve 11, and a first return spring 15 is arranged between one end of the telescopic inner rod 12, which is positioned at the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve 11, and the inner end surface of the telescopic outer sleeve 11; the other end of the telescopic inner rod 12 is fixedly provided with a first clamping arc plate 13; the worm wheel 53 is rotatably arranged in the I-shaped mounting disc 1, and the worm wheel 53 is meshed with the worm 9; the arc-shaped rack 10 is slidably mounted on the I-shaped mounting plate 1, and one end of the arc-shaped rack 10 penetrates through the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate 1 and is matched with the telescopic inner rod 12; the worm wheel 53 is in transmission connection with the arc-shaped rack 10 through a gear.
As shown in fig. 6, the end of the telescopic housing 11 to which the slider 16 is attached has a straight surface 59.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the outer clamping mechanism 3 is composed of three outer clamping units 56 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
As shown in fig. 7, the outer clamping unit 56 includes a connecting plate 24, a second clamping arc plate 25, a connecting structure 26, and a screw 29, wherein the connecting plate 24 is slidably mounted on the outer side of the drum 1 along the radial direction of the drum 1; two second clamping arc plates 25 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the connecting plate 24 through two connecting structures 26; one end of the screw 29 is provided with a limit ring 28, the screw 29 is rotatably arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc 1 through the limit ring 28, and the other end of the screw 29 penetrates through the connecting plate 24 to be in threaded fit with the connecting plate 24; the screw 29 is rotated, and the screw 29 drives the connecting plate 24 to slide along the radial direction of the drum-shaped mounting plate 1 under the action of the screw thread.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fixing sleeve 5 is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the base 4; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc 1 is rotatably arranged in the fixed sleeve 5; the output shaft of the motor 7 is connected with the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc 1 through a coupler 6.
The motor 7 is controlled to work, the motor 7 drives the I-shaped mounting disc 1 to rotate through the coupler 6, and the I-shaped mounting disc 1 rotates to drive the workpiece 60 to rotate through the inner clamping mechanism 2 and the outer clamping mechanism 3 which are arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc 1. The present invention contemplates that the mounting sleeve 5 functions to provide a relative rotational component for rotation between the i-disk 1 and the base 4.
As shown in fig. 8, the mounting post 57 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the h-shaped mounting plate 1; three groups of hinged lugs 31 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of the mounting column 57; the three telescopic jackets 11 of the three inner clamping units 55 are respectively hinged on the three groups of hinged lugs 31 through the hinged shafts 14 arranged on the inner slide blocks 16 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
When the three groups of telescopic structures swing to be in a horizontal state with the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting disc 1, the straight faces 59 on the three telescopic jackets 11 are in contact with the mounting columns 57, and the mounting columns 57 limit the swing of the three telescopic jackets 11 through the straight faces 59.
As shown in fig. 9, the inner side of the i-shaped mounting plate 1 is provided with a first mounting groove 35, three fifth mounting grooves 39 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential surface of the upper end of the first mounting groove 35, and one side of each of the three fifth mounting grooves 39 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 30 penetrating through the upper end surface of the i-shaped mounting plate 1; the worm 9 is rotatably installed in the first installation groove 35, and as shown in fig. 4, three worm wheels 53 of three inner clamping units 55 are rotatably installed in three fifth installation grooves 39, respectively; three arc-shaped racks 10 in the three inner clamping units 55 are respectively slidably mounted in the three arc-shaped slots 30, and the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks 10 penetrate through the three arc-shaped slots 30 to be matched with the corresponding telescopic inner rod 12.
As shown in fig. 9, a third mounting groove 37 is formed at a lower side of the first mounting groove 35, and a fourth mounting groove 38 is formed at an upper side of the third mounting groove 37; as shown in fig. 11, the first gear 41 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the worm 9 and is located in the third installation groove 37; the second gear 43 is rotatably installed in the fourth installation groove 38, and the second gear 43 is engaged with the first gear 41; the second gear 43 is fixedly connected to the adjustment lever 42.
As shown in fig. 9, a second mounting groove 36 is formed on the inner side of the h-shaped mounting plate 1, and as shown in fig. 4, a weight block 8 for balancing the weight of the second gear 43 and the adjusting rod 42 is mounted in the second mounting groove 36. The effect of balancing weight 8 is on guaranteeing that this anchor clamps focus is located the axis of motor 7 output shaft all the time in the course of the work, reduces the vibration of equipment in the course of working, guarantees the machining precision.
As shown in fig. 10, the three worm gears 53 mounted in the three fifth mounting grooves 39 and the three arc-shaped grooves 30 and the three arc-shaped racks 10 are mounted in the same structure.
As shown in fig. 12, for the structure in which any one set of worm gears 53 is installed between the arc-shaped racks 10, the fourth rotating shaft 52 is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove 39, the worm gear 53 is fixedly installed at one end of the fourth rotating shaft 52, and the seventh gear 50 is fixedly installed at the other end of the fourth rotating shaft 52; one end of the third rotating shaft 51 is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove 39, the sixth gear 49 is rotatably arranged on the third rotating shaft 51, and the sixth gear 49 is meshed with the seventh gear 50; the second rotating shaft 46 is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove 39, the fourth gear 47 is fixedly installed at one end of the second rotating shaft 46, and the fourth gear 47 is meshed with the sixth gear 49; a fifth gear 48 is fixedly installed at the other end of the second rotating shaft 46; one end of the first rotating shaft 45 is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove 39, the third gear 44 is rotatably arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft 45, and the third gear 44 is meshed with the fifth gear 48; the third gear 44 is engaged with the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the lower sides of the three telescopic inner rods 12 are provided with teeth, the lower side of one end of each of the three telescopic outer sleeves 11 is provided with a square opening 21, as shown in fig. 13, the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks 10 are provided with a limiting block 40 in a swinging manner, and two plate springs 54 are respectively arranged between two sides of the limiting block 40 and the corresponding arc-shaped racks 10; the upper end of the limiting block 40 penetrates through the square opening 21 on the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve 11 to be matched with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod 12; the limiting block 40 is always kept in an inclined state between the two plate springs 54 and the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 and is biased to one side where the first clamping arc plate 13 is installed. The reason why the limiting block 40 always keeps an inclined state with the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 and is biased to one side provided with the first clamping arc plate 13 under the action of the two plate springs 54 is to ensure that the arc-shaped rack 10 provides a thrust force far away from the telescopic outer sleeve 11 for the corresponding telescopic inner rod 12 after moving upwards, and improve the clamping force of the first clamping arc plate 13 arranged on the telescopic inner rod 12 on the inner wall surface of the workpiece 60.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, three screw holes 33 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the i-shaped mounting plate 1, and a limiting groove 34 is formed on each of the inner circumferential surfaces of the three screw holes 33; three groups of guide holes 32 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc 1, the three groups of guide holes 32 are respectively matched with the three screw holes 33, and the two guide holes 32 in the same group are respectively positioned on two sides of the corresponding screw holes 33; as shown in fig. 7, two guide rods 27 are symmetrically installed on two sides of three connecting plates 24 in the three outer clamping units 56, and the three connecting plates 24 are installed on the drum-type mounting plate 1 through the two guide rods 27 on the three connecting plates and three sets of guide holes 32 opened on the drum-type mounting plate 1; the guide rod 27 and the guide hole 32 are used for guiding the two second clamping arc plates 25 arranged on the connecting plate 24; the three screw rods 29 are matched with three screw holes 33 formed in the I-shaped mounting disc 1, and three limiting rings 28 arranged on the three screw rods 29 are rotatably matched with three limiting grooves 34.
One end of each of the three screws 29 is fixedly provided with a driving column 23 convenient for manual driving, and the driving column 23 is provided with a hexagonal groove.
As shown in fig. 6, the inner side of one end of the telescopic jacket 11 is provided with a first sliding groove 18, two sides of the first sliding groove 18 are provided with a second sliding groove 19, a sliding block 16 is slidably mounted in the first sliding groove 18, and a hinge shaft 14 mounted on the sliding block 16 penetrates through the second sliding groove 19 at two sides of the first sliding groove 18 and is hinged with a hinge support lug 31 mounted on the i-shaped mounting plate 1.
As shown in fig. 6, two guide grooves 20 are symmetrically formed inside the telescopic housing 11, two guide blocks 22 are symmetrically mounted at one end of the telescopic inner rod 12, and the telescopic inner rod 12 is slidably mounted in the telescopic housing 11 by the engagement of the guide blocks 22 and the guide grooves 20.
As shown in fig. 1 and 9, three escape grooves 58 for preventing the three telescopic jackets 11 from interfering with the i-shaped mounting plate 1 during the swinging process are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the upper end surface of the i-shaped mounting plate 1.
The clamp designed by the invention can be suitable for the workpiece 60 which is a cylindrical workpiece 60 with a large diameter, and clamps with different sizes can be used according to the workpieces 60 with different diameters; the size of the fixture applicable workpiece 60 is determined by the degree to which the three sets of telescoping structures can be extended or shortened.
The first clamping arc plate 13 is a stretching member having an arc-shaped cross section, and the stretching direction is parallel to the axis of the workpiece 60 after the workpiece 60 is mounted.
The specific working process is as follows: when the clamp designed by the invention is used, when the workpiece 60 is not installed, included angles are formed between the three groups of telescopic structures consisting of the telescopic outer sleeve 11 and the telescopic inner rod 12 and the upper end surface of the I-shaped installation disc 1; in this state, the end of the three telescopic jackets 11 where the sliders 16 are mounted is pressed by the upper end face of the i-shaped mounting plate 1, the three sliders 16 are located at the middle positions of the three first sliding grooves 18 formed in the three telescopic jackets 11, and the three second return springs 17 are compressed; the first return spring 15 is in a pre-pressing state, and the telescopic inner rod 12 extends out to the maximum extent at the moment; the first clamping arc plates 13 mounted on the three telescopic inner rods 12 are distributed obliquely relative to the upper end face of the i-shaped mounting plate 1.
When the workpiece 60 is installed, one end of the workpiece 60 sleeved in the workpiece 60 is firstly contacted with the three first clamping arc plates 13 which are distributed in an inclined mode, and then the three first clamping arc plates 13 are extruded; the three first clamping arc plates 13 are pressed to drive the three groups of telescopic structures to swing; in the swinging process, the workpiece 60 is sleeved, the three groups of telescopic structures contract and adapt at the same time, and the three telescopic jackets 11 slide and reset under the action of the second reset springs 17 relative to the three sliding blocks 16; when the three groups of telescopic structures swing to be in contact with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc 1, namely the three groups of telescopic structures swing to be in a horizontal state with the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc 1; at the moment, the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks 10 are also just aligned with the square openings 21 formed on the three telescopic outer sleeves 11; at the moment, the adjusting rod 42 is driven to rotate through the auxiliary tool, so that the adjusting rod 42 drives the second gear 43 to rotate, the second gear 43 rotates to drive the first gear 41 to rotate, the first gear 41 rotates to drive the worm 9 to rotate, and the worm 9 rotates to drive the three worm wheels 53 to rotate; when the worm wheel 53 rotates, the worm wheel 53 drives the fourth rotating shaft 52 to rotate, the fourth rotating shaft 52 drives the seventh gear 50 to rotate, the seventh gear 50 drives the sixth gear 49 to rotate, the sixth gear 49 drives the fourth gear 47 to rotate, the fourth gear 47 drives the second rotating shaft 46 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 46 drives the fifth gear 48 to rotate, the fifth gear 48 drives the third gear 44 to rotate, and the third gear 44 drives the corresponding arc-shaped rack 10 to move upwards in a rotating manner; the limiting blocks 40 at the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks 10 penetrate through the square openings 21 on the three telescopic outer sleeves 11 and are meshed with the teeth on the upper sides of the three telescopic inner rods 12; the three groups of telescopic structures are limited in extension through three limiting blocks 40; in this state, on one hand, the straight surfaces 59 of the three telescopic jackets 11 are in contact with the mounting column 57, on the other hand, the first clamping arc plate 13 is in contact with the inner circular surface of the workpiece 60, the first clamping arc plate 13 is fixedly connected with the first telescopic inner rod 12, and after the telescopic structure is limited in telescopic mode, the axis of the first clamping arc plate 13 is always parallel to the axis of the workpiece 60, so that the swinging of the three telescopic structures is limited; the inner wall of the workpiece 60 is clamped; then, the driving columns 23 arranged on the three screws 29 are manually driven by a hexagon wrench to drive the screws 29 to rotate, and the screws 29 can drive the connecting plate 24 to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc 1 under the action of the threads when the screws 29 rotate; the connecting plate 24 slides to drive the two second clamping arc plates 25 arranged on the connecting plate to slide to clamp the outer wall of the workpiece 60; the workpiece 60 is mounted.
When the device works, the motor 7 is controlled to work, the motor 7 drives the I-shaped mounting disc 1 to rotate through the coupler 6, and the I-shaped mounting disc 1 rotates to drive the workpiece 60 to rotate through the inner clamping mechanism 2 and the outer clamping mechanism 3 which are arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc 1.

Claims (10)

1. A clamp for cylindrical workpieces is characterized in that: the machine tool comprises an I-shaped mounting disc, an inner clamping mechanism, an outer clamping mechanism, a base and a motor, wherein the lower end of the base is fixedly mounted on a frame body of the machine tool, and the motor is mounted on the inner side of the base; the I-shaped mounting disc is mounted on an output shaft of the motor and is in rotating fit with the base; the inner clamping mechanism and the outer clamping mechanism are arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc;
the inner clamping mechanism consists of three inner clamping units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
a worm is rotatably arranged in the I-shaped mounting disc, and the axis of the worm is collinear with the axis of the I-shaped mounting disc; the adjusting rod is rotatably arranged on the outer circular surface at the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc and is in transmission connection with the worm through a gear;
the inner clamping unit comprises a telescopic outer sleeve, a telescopic inner rod, a first return spring, a second return spring, a sliding block, a worm wheel, an arc-shaped rack and a first clamping arc plate, wherein the sliding block is slidably mounted on the inner side of one end of the telescopic outer sleeve, and the second return spring is mounted between the sliding block and the telescopic outer sleeve; the sliding block is provided with a hinged shaft, and two ends of the hinged shaft penetrate through two sides of the telescopic outer sleeve; the telescopic outer sleeve is hinged and arranged on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc through a hinge shaft arranged on the sliding block; one end of the telescopic inner rod is slidably arranged on the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve, and a first reset spring is arranged between one end of the telescopic inner rod, which is positioned on the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve, and the inner end surface of the telescopic outer sleeve; the other end of the telescopic inner rod is fixedly provided with a first clamping arc plate; the worm wheel is rotatably arranged in the I-shaped mounting disc and meshed with the worm; the arc-shaped rack is slidably arranged on the I-shaped mounting plate, and one end of the arc-shaped rack penetrates through the upper end face of the I-shaped mounting plate and is matched with the telescopic inner rod; the worm wheel is in transmission connection with the arc-shaped rack through a gear;
one end of the telescopic outer sleeve, which is provided with the sliding block, is provided with a straight surface;
the outer clamping mechanism consists of three outer clamping units which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction;
the outer clamping unit comprises a connecting plate, a second clamping arc plate, a connecting structure and a screw rod, wherein the connecting plate is installed on the outer side of the I-shaped mounting disc in a sliding mode along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc; the two second clamping arc plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the connecting plate through the two connecting structures; one end of the screw rod is provided with a limiting ring, the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc through the limiting ring, and the other end of the screw rod penetrates through the connecting plate to be in threaded fit with the connecting plate; and rotating the screw rod, wherein the screw rod drives the connecting plate to slide along the radial direction of the I-shaped mounting disc under the action of the screw thread.
2. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the base is fixedly provided with a fixed sleeve; the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc is rotatably mounted in the fixed sleeve; the output shaft of the motor is connected with the lower end of the I-shaped mounting disc through a coupler.
3. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the I-shaped mounting disc is fixedly provided with a mounting column; three groups of hinged lugs are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of the mounting column in the circumferential direction; three telescopic jackets in the three inner clamping units are respectively hinged and installed on the three groups of hinged support lugs through hinged shafts installed on the inner side sliding blocks in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
4. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the I-shaped mounting disc is provided with a first mounting groove, the inner circle surface at the upper end of the first mounting groove is circumferentially and uniformly provided with three fifth mounting grooves, and one side of each of the three fifth mounting grooves is provided with an arc-shaped groove penetrating out of the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc; the worm is rotatably arranged in the first mounting groove, and three worm wheels in the three inner clamping units are respectively rotatably arranged in three fifth mounting grooves; three arc racks in the three internal clamping units are respectively and slidably mounted in the three arc grooves, and the upper ends of the three arc racks penetrate out of the three arc grooves to be matched with the corresponding telescopic inner rods.
5. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 4, wherein: a third mounting groove is formed in the lower side of the first mounting groove, and a fourth mounting groove is formed in the upper side of the third mounting groove; the first gear is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the worm and is positioned in the third mounting groove; the second gear is rotatably arranged in the fourth mounting groove and is meshed with the first gear; the second gear is fixedly connected with the adjusting rod.
6. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 5, wherein: the inner side of the I-shaped mounting disc is provided with a second mounting groove, and a balancing weight for balancing a second gear and adjusting the weight of the rod is mounted in the second mounting groove.
7. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 4, wherein: the structures of the three worm gears and the three arc racks arranged in the three fifth mounting grooves and the three arc grooves are completely the same;
for the structure installed between any one group of worm gears and the arc-shaped rack, the fourth rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the corresponding fifth installation groove, the worm gears are fixedly installed at one end of the fourth rotating shaft, and the seventh gear is fixedly installed at the other end of the fourth rotating shaft; one end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the sixth gear is rotatably arranged on the third rotating shaft, and the sixth gear is meshed with the seventh gear; the second rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the fourth gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft, and the fourth gear is meshed with the sixth gear; the fifth gear is fixedly arranged at the other end of the second rotating shaft; one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly arranged in the corresponding fifth mounting groove, the third gear is rotatably arranged at one end of the first rotating shaft, and the third gear is meshed with the fifth gear; the third gear is meshed with the corresponding arc-shaped rack.
8. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: the lower sides of the three telescopic inner rods are provided with teeth, the lower side of one end of each of the three telescopic outer sleeves is provided with a square opening, the upper ends of the three arc-shaped racks are provided with a limiting block in a swinging mode, and two plate springs are respectively arranged between the two sides of the limiting block and the corresponding arc-shaped racks; the upper end of the limiting block penetrates through the square opening on the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve to be matched with the teeth on the lower side of the corresponding telescopic inner rod; the limiting block is always kept in an inclined state between the two plate springs and the corresponding arc-shaped racks and is deviated to one side provided with the first clamping arc plate.
9. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: three screw holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc, and the inner circular surfaces of the three screw holes are respectively provided with a limiting groove; three groups of guide holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the outer circular surface of the I-shaped mounting disc, the three groups of guide holes are respectively matched with the three screw holes, and the two guide holes in the same group are respectively positioned on two sides of the corresponding screw holes; two sides of three connecting plates in the three external clamping units are respectively and symmetrically provided with two guide rods, and the three connecting plates are respectively arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc in a matching way through the two guide rods on the three connecting plates and three groups of guide holes formed on the I-shaped mounting disc; the three screw rods are matched with three screw holes formed in the I-shaped mounting disc, and three limiting rings arranged on the three screw rods are rotationally matched with the three limiting grooves;
one end of each of the three screw rods is fixedly provided with a driving column convenient for manual driving, and the driving column is provided with a hexagonal groove.
10. A jig for use with cylindrical workpieces as defined in claim 1, wherein: the inner side of one end of the telescopic outer sleeve is provided with a first sliding chute, two sides of the first sliding chute are provided with a through second sliding chute, the sliding block is arranged in the first sliding chute in a sliding way, and a hinge shaft arranged on the sliding block penetrates through the second sliding chutes on the two sides of the first sliding chute and is hinged with a hinge support lug arranged on the I-shaped mounting disc;
two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner side of the telescopic outer sleeve, two guide blocks are symmetrically arranged at one end of the telescopic inner rod, and the telescopic inner rod is slidably arranged in the telescopic outer sleeve through the matching of the guide blocks and the guide grooves;
three avoidance grooves for preventing the three telescopic outer sleeves from interfering with the I-shaped mounting disc in the swinging process are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction on the upper end surface of the I-shaped mounting disc.
CN202010419277.3A 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Clamp for cylindrical workpiece Active CN111451804B (en)

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CN202110217475.6A CN112792591A (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Special fixture for cylindrical products
CN202010419277.3A CN111451804B (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Clamp for cylindrical workpiece
CN202110217464.8A CN112894411A (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Clamp for cylindrical workpiece

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