CN111447371A - Automatic exposure control method, terminal and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Automatic exposure control method, terminal and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic exposure control method, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame; judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene; if so, shooting by surrounding exposure, wherein the shooting by surrounding exposure comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting, so that the problem that the shot picture under the night scene or the high dynamic range scene is often under local underexposure or overexposure is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to an automatic exposure control method, a terminal, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
Recently, mobile terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers are increasingly favored by users due to their portability, and a photographing function is one of the most common and important functions of the mobile terminals. However, in the real world, the user's shooting scene is mostly a high dynamic range scene; the dynamic range of a digital camera used in a mobile device is limited, which causes that in a scene with a high dynamic range, a shot picture often has a situation of local underexposure or overexposure, and in a situation of insufficient light in a night scene, the exposure degree of the shot picture is difficult to control, a more complete dynamic range is difficult to obtain, and the user satisfaction is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that enough dynamic range cannot be obtained in the shooting under night scenes and high-dynamic-range scenes at present, and provides an automatic exposure control method, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium aiming at the technical problem.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an automatic exposure control method, including:
acquiring a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame;
judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene;
if so, shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing mode, wherein the shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing mode comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting.
Optionally, the performing long exposure shooting includes acquiring an exposure parameter of a first long exposure frame, and the step includes:
(1) acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating a gray level mean value of a middle area of the gray level histogram, and stopping long exposure parameter calculation if the gray level mean value of the middle area of the gray level histogram is greater than or equal to the gray level mean value of the middle area of a target long exposure frame, wherein the long exposure parameters comprise: the exposure time and the exposure gain, otherwise,
(2) recording reference exposure time and reference gain value for shooting the reference frame, and calculating the change proportion of the exposure of the long exposure frame of the next frame according to the gray average value of the middle area of the gray histogram and the gray average value of the middle area of the target long exposure frame;
(3) calculating the long exposure parameter of the next long exposure frame according to the change proportion;
(4) shooting a frame of image as a new reference frame according to the long exposure parameter of the next frame long exposure frame;
and (4) repeating the steps (1) - (4) until the long exposure calculation condition is stopped in the step (1) is met, and obtaining the exposure parameter of the first long exposure frame.
Optionally, the obtaining the exposure parameter of the first long exposure frame further includes:
calculating the exposure amount of the first long exposure frame, wherein the exposure amount is equal to the product of the exposure time and the exposure gain, and calculating the difference value of the exposure amount of the first long exposure frame and the exposure amount of the target long exposure frame;
if the exposure difference is 0, exiting long exposure shooting;
if the exposure difference is smaller than or equal to the long exposure difference threshold, only shooting a frame of long exposure image by using the first long exposure frame exposure parameter;
if the exposure difference value is larger than the long exposure difference value threshold, calculating the exposure of the long exposure sequence frame by taking the long exposure difference value threshold as a step length, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for long exposure difference threshold, EVmost_longFor target Long Exposure frame Exposure, EV0A first long exposure frame exposure;
and calculating the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame according to the exposure amount of the long exposure sequence frame, and shooting the long exposure sequence frame according to the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame.
Optionally, the performing short exposure shooting includes acquiring a first short exposure frame exposure parameter, and the step includes:
(1) acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating a gray level average value of a highlight area of the gray level histogram, and stopping short exposure parameter calculation if the gray level average value of the highlight area of the gray level histogram is less than or equal to the gray level average value of the highlight area of the target short exposure frame, wherein the short exposure parameters comprise: the exposure time and the exposure gain, otherwise,
(2) recording the reference exposure time and the reference gain value for shooting the reference frame, and calculating the change proportion of the exposure of the next frame of short exposure frame according to the gray level average value of the highlight area of the gray level histogram and the gray level average value of the highlight area of the target short exposure frame;
(3) calculating the short exposure parameter of the next frame of short exposure frame according to the change proportion;
(4) shooting a frame of image as a new reference frame according to the short exposure parameters of the next frame of short exposure frame;
and (4) repeating the steps (1) - (4) until the short exposure calculation condition in the step (1) is met, and obtaining the first short exposure frame exposure parameter.
Optionally, the obtaining the exposure parameter of the first short exposure frame further includes:
calculating the exposure of the first short exposure frame, wherein the exposure is equal to the product of the exposure time and the exposure gain, and calculating the difference value of the exposure of the first short exposure frame and the exposure of the target short exposure frame;
if the exposure difference is 0, exiting short-exposure shooting;
if the exposure difference is smaller than or equal to the short exposure difference threshold, only shooting a frame of short exposure image by using the first short exposure frame exposure parameter;
if the exposure difference value is larger than the short exposure difference value threshold, calculating the exposure of the short exposure sequence frame by taking the short exposure difference value threshold as the step length, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for short exposure difference threshold, EVmost_shortIs the target short exposure frame exposure, EV0A first short exposure frame exposure;
and calculating the exposure parameters of the short exposure sequence frame according to the exposure amount of the short exposure sequence frame, and shooting the short exposure sequence frame according to the exposure parameters of the short exposure sequence frame.
Optionally, the determining whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene includes: and acquiring the exposure of the reference frame, and if the exposure of the reference frame is larger than the night scene exposure threshold, determining that the current shooting scene is a night scene.
Optionally, the determining whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene includes: and acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating the proportion of pixels exceeding an overexposure gray level threshold value in the reference frame to the total pixels, and if the proportion is greater than the overexposure proportion threshold value, judging that the current shooting scene is a high dynamic range scene.
Optionally, before determining whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene, the method further includes: judging whether the current shooting mode is a fixed mode or a mobile mode, and if the shooting mode is the fixed mode, setting the overexposure gray level threshold as a first overexposure gray level threshold; and if the shooting mode is the moving mode, the overexposure gray threshold is a second overexposure gray threshold.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a terminal, which comprises a processor, a memory and a communication bus;
the communication bus is used for realizing connection communication between the processor and the memory;
the processor is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method described above.
Further, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, which are executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method as described above.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an automatic exposure control method, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the steps of obtaining a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame; judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene; if so, shooting by surrounding exposure, wherein the shooting by surrounding exposure comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting, so that the problem that the shot picture under the night scene or the high dynamic range scene is often under local underexposure or overexposure is solved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an alternative mobile terminal for implementing various embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a wireless communication system for the mobile terminal shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a basic flowchart of an automatic exposure control method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed flowchart of an automatic exposure control method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the following description, suffixes such as "module", "component", or "unit" used to denote elements are used only for facilitating the explanation of the present invention, and have no specific meaning in itself. Thus, "module", "component" or "unit" may be used mixedly.
The terminal may be implemented in various forms. For example, the terminal described in the present invention may include a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a Portable Media Player (PMP), a navigation device, a wearable device, a smart band, a pedometer, and the like, and a fixed terminal such as a Digital TV, a desktop computer, and the like.
The following description will be given by way of example of a mobile terminal, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the construction according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a fixed type terminal, in addition to elements particularly used for mobile purposes.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal for implementing various embodiments of the present invention, the mobile terminal 100 may include: RF (Radio Frequency) unit 101, WiFi module 102, audio output unit 103, a/V (audio/video) input unit 104, sensor 105, display unit 106, user input unit 107, interface unit 108, memory 109, processor 110, and power supply 111. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mobile terminal architecture shown in fig. 1 is not intended to be limiting of mobile terminals, which may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
The following describes each component of the mobile terminal in detail with reference to fig. 1:
the Radio Frequency unit 101 may be configured to receive and transmit signals during a message transmission or call, specifically, receive downlink information of a base station and then process the received downlink information to the processor 110, and transmit uplink data to the base station, in General, the Radio Frequency unit 101 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like, and in addition, the Radio Frequency unit 101 may further communicate with a network and other devices through wireless communication, and the wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including, but not limited to, GSM (Global System of Mobile communication), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), CDMA2000(Code Division Multiple Access 2000), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access ), TD-SCDMA (Synchronous Time Division Multiple Access, Code Division Multiple Access, Time Division Multiple Access, etc., TDD — Time Division Multiple Access, L Time Division Multiple Access, etc.
WiFi belongs to short-distance wireless transmission technology, and the mobile terminal can help a user to receive and send e-mails, browse webpages, access streaming media and the like through the WiFi module 102, and provides wireless broadband internet access for the user. Although fig. 1 shows the WiFi module 102, it is understood that it does not belong to the essential constitution of the mobile terminal, and may be omitted entirely as needed within the scope not changing the essence of the invention.
The audio output unit 103 may convert audio data received by the radio frequency unit 101 or the WiFi module 102 or stored in the memory 109 into an audio signal and output as sound when the mobile terminal 100 is in a call signal reception mode, a call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, or the like. Also, the audio output unit 103 may also provide audio output related to a specific function performed by the mobile terminal 100 (e.g., a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.). The audio output unit 103 may include a speaker, a buzzer, and the like.
The a/V input unit 104 is used to receive audio or video signals. The a/V input Unit 104 may include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 1041 and a microphone 1042, the Graphics Processing Unit 1041 Processing image data of a fixed picture or video obtained by an image capturing device (e.g., a camera) in a video capturing mode or an image capturing mode. The processed image frames may be displayed on the display unit 106. The image frames processed by the graphic processor 1041 may be stored in the memory 109 (or other storage medium) or transmitted via the radio frequency unit 101 or the WiFi module 102. The microphone 1042 may receive sounds (audio data) via the microphone 1042 in a phone call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, or the like, and may be capable of processing such sounds into audio data. The processed audio (voice) data may be converted into a format output transmittable to a mobile communication base station via the radio frequency unit 101 in case of a phone call mode. The microphone 1042 may implement various types of noise cancellation (or suppression) algorithms to cancel (or suppress) noise or interference generated in the course of receiving and transmitting audio signals.
The mobile terminal 100 also includes at least one sensor 105, such as a light sensor, a motion sensor, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor includes an ambient light sensor that can adjust the brightness of the display panel 1061 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that can turn off the display panel 1061 and/or a backlight when the mobile terminal 100 is moved to the ear. As one of the motion sensors, the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally, three axes), can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used for applications of recognizing the posture of a mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer and tapping), and the like; as for other sensors such as a fingerprint sensor, a pressure sensor, an iris sensor, a molecular sensor, a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor, which can be configured on the mobile phone, further description is omitted here.
The Display unit 106 may include a Display panel 1061, and the Display panel 1061 may be configured in the form of a liquid Crystal Display (L acquired Crystal Display, L CD), an Organic light-Emitting Diode (O L ED), or the like.
The user input unit 107 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the mobile terminal. Specifically, the user input unit 107 may include a touch panel 1071 and other input devices 1072. The touch panel 1071, also referred to as a touch screen, may collect a touch operation performed by a user on or near the touch panel 1071 (e.g., an operation performed by the user on or near the touch panel 1071 using a finger, a stylus, or any other suitable object or accessory), and drive a corresponding connection device according to a predetermined program. The touch panel 1071 may include two parts of a touch detection device and a touch controller. The touch detection device detects the touch direction of a user, detects a signal brought by touch operation and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch sensing device, converts the touch information into touch point coordinates, sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 110, and can receive and execute commands sent by the processor 110. In addition, the touch panel 1071 may be implemented in various types, such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. In addition to the touch panel 1071, the user input unit 107 may include other input devices 1072. In particular, other input devices 1072 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (e.g., volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, a joystick, and the like, and are not limited to these specific examples.
Further, the touch panel 1071 may cover the display panel 1061, and when the touch panel 1071 detects a touch operation thereon or nearby, the touch panel 1071 transmits the touch operation to the processor 110 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 110 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 1061 according to the type of the touch event. Although the touch panel 1071 and the display panel 1061 are shown in fig. 1 as two separate components to implement the input and output functions of the mobile terminal, in some embodiments, the touch panel 1071 and the display panel 1061 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile terminal, and is not limited herein.
The interface unit 108 serves as an interface through which at least one external device is connected to the mobile terminal 100. For example, the external device may include a wired or wireless headset port, an external power supply (or battery charger) port, a wired or wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device having an identification module, an audio input/output (I/O) port, a video I/O port, an earphone port, and the like. The interface unit 108 may be used to receive input (e.g., data information, power, etc.) from external devices and transmit the received input to one or more elements within the mobile terminal 100 or may be used to transmit data between the mobile terminal 100 and external devices.
The memory 109 may be used to store software programs as well as various data. The memory 109 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. Further, the memory 109 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The processor 110 is a control center of the mobile terminal, connects various parts of the entire mobile terminal using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the mobile terminal and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 109 and calling data stored in the memory 109, thereby performing overall monitoring of the mobile terminal. Processor 110 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 110 may integrate an application processor, which mainly handles operating systems, user interfaces, application programs, etc., and a modem processor, which mainly handles wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into the processor 110.
The mobile terminal 100 may further include a power supply 111 (e.g., a battery) for supplying power to various components, and preferably, the power supply 111 may be logically connected to the processor 110 via a power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption management functions via the power management system.
Although not shown in fig. 1, the mobile terminal 100 may further include a bluetooth module or the like, which is not described in detail herein.
In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, a communication network system on which the mobile terminal of the present invention is based is described below.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an architecture diagram of a communication Network system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the communication Network system is L TE system of universal mobile telecommunications technology, and the L TE system includes a UE (User Equipment) 201, an E-UTRAN (Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) 202, an EPC (Evolved Packet Core) 203, and an IP service 204 of an operator, which are in communication connection in sequence.
Specifically, the UE201 may be the terminal 100 described above, and is not described herein again.
The E-UTRAN202 includes eNodeB2021 and other eNodeBs 2022, among others. Among them, the eNodeB2021 may be connected with other eNodeB2022 through backhaul (e.g., X2 interface), the eNodeB2021 is connected to the EPC203, and the eNodeB2021 may provide the UE201 access to the EPC 203.
The EPC203 may include an MME (Mobility Management Entity) 2031, an HSS (Home Subscriber Server) 2032, other MMEs 2033, an SGW (Serving gateway) 2034, a PGW (PDN gateway) 2035, and a PCRF (Policy and charging functions Entity) 2036, and the like. The MME2031 is a control node that handles signaling between the UE201 and the EPC203, and provides bearer and connection management. HSS2032 is used to provide registers to manage functions such as home location register (not shown) and holds subscriber specific information about service characteristics, data rates, etc. All user data may be sent through SGW2034, PGW2035 may provide IP address assignment for UE201 and other functions, and PCRF2036 is a policy and charging control policy decision point for traffic data flow and IP bearer resources, which selects and provides available policy and charging control decisions for a policy and charging enforcement function (not shown).
The IP services 204 may include the internet, intranets, IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem), or other IP services, among others.
Although L TE system is described as an example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to L TE system, but also applicable to other wireless communication systems, such as GSM, CDMA2000, WCDMA, TD-SCDMA, and future new network systems.
Based on the above mobile terminal hardware structure and communication network system, the present invention provides various embodiments of the method.
First embodiment
Fig. 3 is a basic flowchart of an automatic exposure control method provided in this embodiment, where the automatic exposure control method includes:
s301, acquiring a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame.
In the present embodiment, one frame image is captured with the default exposure parameters of the terminal device as a reference frame. And image data in Bayer format or RGB format data of the reference frame is acquired.
Preferably, the image data of the reference frame in the Bayer format can be acquired, so that the algorithm performs operation on the image data in the Bayer format and has better real-time performance.
After acquiring the image data in the Bayer format of the reference frame, a down-sampling grayscale map of the image is calculated, preferably, a down-four sampling grayscale map of the image may be calculated, and a grayscale histogram of the down-four sampling grayscale map of the image may be counted.
S302, judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene.
Firstly, judging whether a shooting scene of a reference frame is a night scene comprises the following steps:
acquiring exposure parameters for photographing the reference frame, wherein the exposure parameters comprise an exposure time expTime and an exposure gain value gain; and calculating the exposure amount EV of the reference frame0The calculation method is as follows:
EV0＝expTime*gain
if the exposure of the reference frame is larger than the night scene exposure threshold
The current shooting scene is a night scene, otherwise, the current shooting scene is not the night scene.
The method further comprises the step of determining the current shooting mode of the reference frame before judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene, wherein the shooting mode comprises a fixed mode or a moving mode.
Specifically, the determining that the photographing mode includes the fixed mode or the dynamic mode includes:
(1) acquiring set times N of terminal equipmentgyro(e.g. 20 times) or for a predetermined time period TgyroInternal (e.g., 1S) gyroscope historical data List Dgyro＝{d1,d2,d3,……}；
(2) Calculate mean of gyroscope data at the X, Y, Z axis: avgX，AvgY，AvgZ；
(3) Calculating the absolute value s of the difference between the gyroscope data and its mean value on the X, Y, Z axisj i(ii) a The difference value reflects the motion energy amplitude of the mobile equipment under each group of data;
data on the X, Y, Z axis for gyroscopes
(4) In the statistic X, Y, Z axis, in the axis,
number of times greater than a given threshold M _ TH:
(5) calculate the standard deviation of the gyroscope data at the X, Y, Z axis: standX，StandY，StandZ：
(6) If it is
Greater than a predetermined threshold
The current shooting mode is the moving mode, and/or, if StandiI ═ { X, Y, Z } greater than a given threshold value StandmaxIf the current shooting mode is the mobile mode; otherwise, the current mode is a fixed mode.
And after the current shooting mode is determined, acquiring the image data of the reference frame, calculating a gray level image of the image, and counting a corresponding gray level histogram.
Preferably, image data in a Bayer format of a reference frame and a lower four-sampling gray image of the reference frame are acquired; and counting the gray histogram of the four-sampling gray image under the image.
Obtaining a predetermined overexposure gray level threshold OverExp _ TH according to whether the shooting reference frame is in a mobile mode or a fixed modegrayIf the shooting mode is a fixed mode, the overexposure gray level threshold is a first overexposure gray level threshold; and if the shooting mode is the moving mode, the overexposure gray level threshold is a second overexposure gray level threshold.
And counting the proportion of pixel points (namely overexposure pixel points) with the gray value larger than the threshold value OverExp _ TH in the gray level histogram of the reference frame, namely overexpectRaio.
Obtaining a predetermined overexposure ratio threshold OverExp _ TH according to the fact that the shooting reference frame is determined to be in a mobile mode or a fixed moderadioIf the ratio of overexposed pixels is greater than the predetermined threshold OverExp _ THradioIf not, the current shooting scene is judged to be a high dynamic range scene.
And S303, if so, carrying out shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing, wherein the shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting.
And after judging that the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene, performing long-exposure shooting and then performing short-exposure shooting.
Firstly, long exposure shooting is carried out, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a lower four-sampling gray level image and a gray level histogram thereof of a reference frame, and counting a gray level mean midledomainmean of an intermediate region (for example, 15% -65%); if the mean value of the gray scale of the middle area of the current image is greater than or equal to the mean value of the gray scale of the middle area of the long exposure frame of the set target
Stopping the calculation of the exposure parameters of the long exposure frame when the long exposure sequence frame is not needed in the current scene; otherwise, recording the exposure parameter of the current frame, namely the exposure time expTimemost_longExposure gainmost_long。
Based on the image middle region gray average middledomainmean and the target long exposure frame middle region gray average
Calculating the change ratio of the exposure of the next frame length exposure framelong: the calculation method is as follows:
and calculating long exposure parameters of a long exposure frame of the next frame, such as:
gain＝gain*ratiolong
expTime＝expTime
shooting a frame of image by using the long exposure parameter of the next frame of long exposure frame; calculating a lower four-sampling gray level image of the next frame image; counting a gray level histogram of a four-sampling gray level image under the image; counting the mean middledomainmean gray level in the middle area (15% -65%); repeating the above steps until obtaining the first long exposure frame satisfying the condition that the gray average value of the middle area of the current image is greater than or equal to the gray average value of the middle area of the set target long exposure frame
Acquiring an exposure parameter exposure time expTime of the first long exposure framemost_longAnd exposure gainmost_long(ii) a Calculating the exposure EV of the first long exposure framemost_long：
＝expTimemost_long*gainmost_long
Calculating the exposure EV of the first long exposure framemost_longExposure EV to target long exposure frame0Exposure amount difference EVdiff：
EVdiff＝EVmost_long-EV0
If EVdiffIf the value is 0, the long exposure frame shooting is not needed, and the long exposure frame shooting program is quitted;
if it is
If the difference value is a long exposure difference threshold value, only shooting a frame of long exposure image by using the current long exposure frame parameter;
if it is
Then to
For step size, calculate long exposure sequence frame exposure:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for long exposure difference threshold, EVmost_longFor target Long Exposure frame Exposure, EV0A first long exposure frame exposure;
calculating the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame, the exposure gain value and the exposure time of the long exposure sequence frame, such as:
the long exposure sequence frame is captured according to the long exposure sequence frame exposure parameters as described above.
After the long exposure shooting is finished, the short exposure shooting is carried out, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a lower four-sampling gray level image and a gray level histogram thereof of the reference frame, andcounting the mean value of the gray levels of the highlight area (such as 0-5 percent) of the image, and if the mean value of the gray levels of the middle area of the current image is less than or equal to the mean value of the gray levels of the highlight area of the short exposure frame of the established target
Stopping the calculation of the exposure parameters of the short exposure frame when the short exposure sequence frame is not needed in the current scene; otherwise, recording the exposure parameter of the current frame, namely the exposure time expTimemost_shortExposure gainmost_short。
Based on the mean value of the gray levels of the highlight areas of the image, meanValOfhigh L light, and the mean value of the gray levels of the middle areas of the target short exposure frames
Ratio of change in exposure of next short exposure frameshort：
Calculating short exposure parameters of the next frame of short exposure frame, such as:
gain＝gain
expTime＝expTime*ratioshort
shooting a frame image according to the short exposure parameters of the next frame of short exposure frame, calculating the lower four-sampling gray scale image of the next frame image, counting the gray scale histogram of the lower four-sampling gray scale image of the image, counting the gray scale mean value of the highlight area (0% -5%) of the image, repeating the steps until the first short exposure frame meeting the condition is obtained, namely the gray scale mean value of the highlight area of the current image is less than or equal to the gray scale mean value of the highlight area of the set target short exposure frame
Acquiring an exposure parameter exposure time expTime of the first short exposure framemost_shortAnd exposure gainmost_short(ii) a Calculating the exposure EV of the first short exposure framemost_short：
Calculating the exposure EV of the first short exposure framemost_shortExposure amount EV to target short exposure frame0Exposure amount difference EVdiff：
EVdiff＝EV0-EVmost_short
If EVdiffIf the value is 0, the short exposure frame shooting is not needed, and the short exposure frame shooting program is quitted;
if it is
If the short exposure difference is the threshold value, only shooting a frame of short exposure image by using the current short exposure frame parameter;
if it is
Then to
For step size, calculate short exposure sequence frame exposure:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is shortExposure difference threshold, EVmost_shortFor target short exposure frame exposure, EV0A first short exposure frame exposure;
calculating the exposure parameters of the short-exposure sequence frame, wherein the exposure gain value and the exposure time of the short-exposure sequence frame are as follows:
the short-exposure sequence frame is photographed according to the short-exposure sequence frame exposure parameters as described above.
And S304, if not, shooting by adopting non-surrounding exposure.
If the shooting scene of the reference frame is judged not to be a night scene or a high dynamic range scene, shooting can be carried out according to default exposure parameters of the terminal equipment.
Advantageous effects
The embodiment provides an automatic exposure control method, which includes acquiring a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame; judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene; if so, shooting by adopting the surround exposure, wherein the shooting by adopting the surround exposure comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting, and simultaneously the shooting state of the terminal is considered, so that the problem that the shot pictures in the night scene or the high dynamic range scene are often under-exposed or over-exposed locally is solved, and the short-exposure shooting and the long-exposure shooting are realized in the night scene or the high dynamic range scene, so that the shot pictures can be exposed properly.
Second embodiment
Fig. 4 is a detailed flowchart of an automatic exposure control method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, where the automatic exposure control method includes:
s401, one frame of image shot by default exposure parameters is acquired as a reference frame.
S402, acquiring image data of a reference frame in Bayer format.
Acquiring image data of a reference frame in a Bayer format, calculating a lower four-sampling gray level image of the image, and counting a gray level histogram of the lower four-sampling gray level image of the image.
And S403, determining a shooting mode.
The judging whether the photographing mode includes the fixed mode or the dynamic mode includes:
(1) acquiring set times N of terminal equipmentgyro(e.g., 20) gyro history data list Dgyro＝{d1,d2,d3,……}；
(2) Calculate mean of gyroscope data at the X, Y, Z axis: avgX，AvgY，AvgZ；
(3) Calculating absolute value of difference between gyroscope data and its mean value on X, Y, Z axis
The difference value reflects the motion energy amplitude of the mobile equipment under each group of data;
data on the X, Y, Z axis for gyroscopes
(4) In the statistic X, Y, Z axis, in the axis,
number of times greater than a given threshold M _ TH:
(5) calculate the standard deviation of the gyroscope data at the X, Y, Z axis: standX，StandY，StandZ：
(6) If it is
Greater than a predetermined threshold
The current shooting mode is the moving mode, and/or, if StandiI ═ { X, Y, Z } greater than a given threshold value StandmaxIf the current shooting mode is the mobile mode; otherwise, the current mode is a fixed mode.
S404, judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high-dynamic scene.
Firstly, judging whether a shooting scene of a reference frame is a night scene comprises the following steps:
acquiring exposure parameters for photographing the reference frame, wherein the exposure parameters comprise an exposure time expTime and an exposure gain value gain; and calculating the exposure amount EV of the reference frame0The calculation method is as follows:
EV0＝expTime*gain
if the exposure of the reference frame is larger than the night scene exposure threshold
The current shooting scene is a night scene, otherwise, the current shooting scene is not the night scene.
Judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene:
if the shooting mode is a fixed mode, the overexposure gray level threshold is a first overexposure gray level threshold; and if the shooting mode is the moving mode, the overexposure gray level threshold is a second overexposure gray level threshold.
And counting the proportion of pixel points (namely overexposure pixel points) with the gray value larger than the threshold value OverExp _ TH in the gray level histogram of the reference frame, namely overexpectRaio.
Obtaining a predetermined overexposure ratio threshold OverExp _ TH according to the fact that the shooting reference frame is determined to be in a mobile mode or a fixed moderadioIf the ratio of overexposed pixels is greater than the predetermined threshold OverExp _ THradioIf not, the current shooting scene is judged to be a high dynamic range scene.
S405, if yes, long exposure shooting is carried out.
Performing long exposure shooting, including: acquiring a lower four-sampling gray level image and a gray level histogram thereof of a reference frame, and counting a gray level mean middledomainmean of 15% -65% of a middle area of the reference frame; if the mean value of the gray scale of the middle area of the current image is greater than or equal to the mean value of the gray scale of the middle area of the long exposure frame of the set target
Stopping the calculation of the exposure parameters of the long exposure frame when the long exposure sequence frame is not needed in the current scene; otherwise, recording the exposure parameter of the current frame, namely the exposure time expTimemost_longExposure gainmost_long。
Based on the image middle region gray average middledomainmean and the target long exposure frame middle region gray average
Calculating the change ratio of the exposure of the next frame length exposure framelong: the calculation method is as follows:
and calculating long exposure parameters of a long exposure frame of the next frame, such as:
gain＝gain*ratiolong
expTime＝expTime
shooting a frame of image by using the long exposure parameter of the next frame of long exposure frame; calculating a lower four-sampling gray level image of the next frame image; count the graphA gray level histogram of an under-image four-sample gray level map; counting the mean middledomainmean gray level in the middle area (15% -65%); repeating the above steps until obtaining the first long exposure frame satisfying the condition that the gray average value of the middle area of the current image is greater than or equal to the gray average value of the middle area of the set target long exposure frame
Acquiring an exposure parameter exposure time expTime of the first long exposure framemost_longAnd exposure gainmost_long(ii) a Calculating the exposure EV of the first long exposure framemost_long：
＝expTimemost_long*gainmost_long
Calculating the exposure EV of the first long exposure framemost_longExposure EV to target long exposure frame0Exposure amount difference EVdiff：
EVdiff＝EVmost_long-EV0
If EVdiffIf the value is 0, the long exposure frame shooting is not needed, and the long exposure frame shooting program is quitted;
if it is
If the difference value is a long exposure difference threshold value, only shooting a frame of long exposure image by using the current long exposure frame parameter;
if it is
Then to
For step size, calculate long exposure sequence frame exposure:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for long exposure difference threshold, EVmost_longFor target Long Exposure frame Exposure, EV0A first long exposure frame exposure;
calculating the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame, the exposure gain value and the exposure time of the long exposure sequence frame, such as:
the long exposure sequence frame is captured according to the long exposure sequence frame exposure parameters as described above.
S406, if not, non-surrounding exposure shooting is carried out.
If the shooting scene of the reference frame is judged not to be a night scene or a high dynamic range scene, shooting can be carried out according to default exposure parameters of the terminal equipment.
Advantageous effects
The second embodiment provides an automatic exposure control method, which includes acquiring a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame; determining a shooting mode, and judging whether a shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene; if so, shooting by adopting the surround exposure, wherein the shooting by adopting the surround exposure comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting, and simultaneously, the shooting mode of the terminal is also considered, so that the problem that the shot pictures in the night scene or the high dynamic range scene are often under-exposed or over-exposed locally is solved, and the short-exposure shooting and the long-exposure shooting are realized in the night scene or the high dynamic range scene, so that the shot pictures can be properly exposed.
Third embodiment
The present embodiment further provides a terminal, as shown in fig. 5, which includes a processor 51, a memory 52 and a communication bus 53, wherein:
the communication bus 53 is used for realizing connection communication between the processor 51 and the memory 52;
the processor 51 is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the memory 52 to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method in the first and second embodiments.
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs that can be executed by one or more processors to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method as in the first or second embodiment.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes instructions for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic exposure control method, comprising:
acquiring a frame of image shot by default exposure parameters as a reference frame;
judging whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a night scene or a high dynamic range scene;
if so, shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing mode, wherein the shooting by adopting the exposure enclosing mode comprises short-exposure shooting and long-exposure shooting.
2. The automatic exposure control method according to claim 1, wherein the performing long-exposure shooting includes acquiring a first long-exposure-frame exposure parameter, the step including:
(1) acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating a gray level mean value of a middle area of the gray level histogram, and stopping long exposure parameter calculation if the gray level mean value of the middle area of the gray level histogram is greater than or equal to the gray level mean value of the middle area of a target long exposure frame, wherein the long exposure parameters comprise: the exposure time and the exposure gain, otherwise,
(2) recording reference exposure time and reference gain value for shooting the reference frame, and calculating the change proportion of the exposure of the long exposure frame of the next frame according to the gray average value of the middle area of the gray histogram and the gray average value of the middle area of the target long exposure frame;
(3) calculating the long exposure parameter of the next long exposure frame according to the change proportion;
(4) shooting a frame of image as a new reference frame according to the long exposure parameter of the next frame long exposure frame;
and (4) repeating the steps (1) - (4) until the long exposure calculation condition is stopped in the step (1) is met, and obtaining the exposure parameter of the first long exposure frame.
3. The automatic exposure control method of claim 2, wherein obtaining the first long exposure frame exposure parameters further comprises:
calculating the exposure amount of the first long exposure frame, wherein the exposure amount is equal to the product of the exposure time and the exposure gain, and calculating the difference value of the exposure amount of the first long exposure frame and the exposure amount of the target long exposure frame;
if the exposure difference is 0, exiting long exposure shooting;
if the exposure difference is smaller than or equal to the long exposure difference threshold, only shooting a frame of long exposure image by using the first long exposure frame exposure parameter;
if the exposure difference value is larger than the long exposure difference value threshold, calculating the exposure of the long exposure sequence frame by taking the long exposure difference value threshold as a step length, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for long exposure difference threshold, EVmost_longFor target Long Exposure frame Exposure, EV0A first long exposure frame exposure;
and calculating the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame according to the exposure amount of the long exposure sequence frame, and shooting the long exposure sequence frame according to the exposure parameters of the long exposure sequence frame.
4. The automatic exposure control method according to claim 1, wherein the performing short-exposure shooting includes acquiring a first short-exposure frame exposure parameter, the step including:
(1) acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating a gray level average value of a highlight area of the gray level histogram, and stopping short exposure parameter calculation if the gray level average value of the highlight area of the gray level histogram is less than or equal to the gray level average value of the highlight area of the target short exposure frame, wherein the short exposure parameters comprise: the exposure time and the exposure gain, otherwise,
(2) recording the reference exposure time and the reference gain value for shooting the reference frame, and calculating the change proportion of the exposure of the next frame of short exposure frame according to the gray level average value of the highlight area of the gray level histogram and the gray level average value of the highlight area of the target short exposure frame;
(3) calculating the short exposure parameter of the next frame of short exposure frame according to the change proportion;
(4) shooting a frame of image as a new reference frame according to the short exposure parameters of the next frame of short exposure frame;
and (4) repeating the steps (1) - (4) until the short exposure calculation condition in the step (1) is met, and obtaining the first short exposure frame exposure parameter.
5. The automatic exposure control method of claim 4, wherein obtaining the first short-exposure-frame exposure parameters further comprises:
calculating the exposure of the first short exposure frame, wherein the exposure is equal to the product of the exposure time and the exposure gain, and calculating the difference value of the exposure of the first short exposure frame and the exposure of the target short exposure frame;
if the exposure difference is 0, exiting short-exposure shooting;
if the exposure difference is smaller than or equal to the short exposure difference threshold, only shooting a frame of short exposure image by using the first short exposure frame exposure parameter;
if the exposure difference value is larger than the short exposure difference value threshold, calculating the exposure of the short exposure sequence frame by taking the short exposure difference value threshold as the step length, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for short exposure difference threshold, EVmost_shortIs the target short exposure frame exposure, EV0A first short exposure frame exposure;
and calculating the exposure parameters of the short exposure sequence frame according to the exposure amount of the short exposure sequence frame, and shooting the short exposure sequence frame according to the exposure parameters of the short exposure sequence frame.
6. The automatic exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein determining whether the photographic scene of the reference frame is a night scene includes: and acquiring the exposure of the reference frame, and if the exposure of the reference frame is larger than the night scene exposure threshold, determining that the current shooting scene is a night scene.
7. The automatic exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein determining whether the shooting scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene includes: and acquiring a gray level histogram of the reference frame gray level image, calculating the proportion of pixels exceeding an overexposure gray level threshold value in the reference frame to the total pixels, and if the proportion is greater than the overexposure proportion threshold value, judging that the current shooting scene is a high dynamic range scene.
8. The automatic exposure control method according to claim 7, wherein determining whether the shot scene of the reference frame is a high dynamic range scene further comprises: judging whether the current shooting mode is a fixed mode or a mobile mode, and if the shooting mode is the fixed mode, setting the overexposure gray level threshold as a first overexposure gray level threshold; and if the shooting mode is the moving mode, the overexposure gray threshold is a second overexposure gray threshold.
9. A terminal, characterized in that the terminal comprises a processor, a memory and a communication bus;
the communication bus is used for realizing connection communication between the processor and the memory;
the processor is configured to execute one or more programs stored in the memory to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs which are executable by one or more processors to implement the steps of the automatic exposure control method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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