CN111446608A - Polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser - Google Patents
Polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser Download PDFInfo
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
- H01S3/108—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
- H01S3/1086—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering using scattering effects, e.g. Raman or Brillouin effect
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Abstract
The invention relates to a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser which comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, an optical circulator, a single-mode fiber SMF, a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring, an optical coupler and a C-band spectrum analyzer. The narrow-line-width laser has a simple structure, flat output power and narrow line width, uses a polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining-structured Sagnac ring, is equivalent to a polarization-maintaining FBG filter, does not need to add an additional pump laser in the narrowing process, and the optical fiber ring automatically injects output light into the laser to form an external cavity effect on the laser so as to perform fine mode selection; due to the absorption of the erbium-doped fiber in the Sagnac loop, a larger amount of laser output with flat power can be ensured while the narrow linewidth laser output is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, in particular to a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser.
Background
In recent years, multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin fiber lasers have also been widely used in fiber sensing systems for their excellent narrow linewidth characteristics. At present, the methods for narrowing the line width include: narrow slow light effect, narrow optical fiber scattering effect, optical external cavity feedback method and the like.
In the existing research technology of multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin optical fiber lasers, the invention patents proposed by the Mongolian and the like are disclosed as follows: CN102946041A entitled "tunable single polarization ultra narrow linewidth Brillouin erbium-doped fiber laser"; the invention patents proposed by the congress of the gods and the like disclose the following patent documents: the invention name of CN102361210A is 'a single-frequency ultra-narrow linewidth Brillouin erbium-doped fiber laser'; the laser device modulates the cavity length and the Brillouin gain by controlling the piezoelectric ceramics, the linear gain is easy to be influenced, the linear gain and the nonlinear gain cannot be accurately matched, the output multi-wavelength laser has uneven power and low optical signal-to-noise ratio, and the narrow-linewidth laser output is ensured by adopting a narrow-linewidth laser source and a narrow-band optical filter; when the cavity length is reduced, in order to reach a certain gain value, the input power of the pump needs to be continuously increased, or the locking phenomenon of the over-high optical power is easily caused by increasing the power of the EDFA, and the position of the EDFA needs to be changed, so that the operation is inconvenient. Both the two methods adopt a short cavity method to obtain the multi-wavelength laser output with narrow line width, although the method is simple and practical, the cavity length needs to be continuously shortened due to the influence of the line width and the mode of the laser output spectrum caused by the fluorescence effect of the erbium-doped fiber, and the requirement is very strict; secondly, when the resonant cavity is very short, the laser working substance is limited to a certain extent, and in order to achieve a certain gain value, the input power of a pumping source needs to be increased continuously, even the doping concentration in the optical fiber needs to be increased, so that the cost is increased; and it is difficult to ensure a greater amount of power-flat laser output with both of these configurations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser is constructed, and comprises: the device comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, an optical circulator, a single-mode fiber SMF, a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring, an optical coupler and a C-band spectrum analyzer;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA is connected with a port a of the optical circulator, a port b is connected with one end of the single-mode fiber SMF, the other end of the single-mode fiber SMF is connected with a polarization-maintaining and erbium-doped polarization-maintaining structure Sagnac ring, the optical coupler comprises an input end and two output ends, the input end and one of the output ends are respectively connected with a port C of the optical circulator and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA to form an annular structure, and the other output end is connected with a band C spectrum analyzer;
the polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring comprises a 3dB coupler, a first three-ring polarizer, a second three-ring polarizer, a first polarization-maintaining fiber PMF, a second polarization-maintaining fiber PMF and an erbium-doped fiber; one ends of the first polarization maintaining fiber PMF and the second polarization maintaining fiber PMF are respectively connected with one ends of the first three-ring polarizer and the second three-ring polarizer, and the other ends of the first polarization maintaining fiber PMF and the second polarization maintaining fiber PMF are symmetrically connected with two ends of the erbium-doped fiber, and the other ends of the first three-ring polarizer and the second three-ring polarizer are respectively connected with two ends of the 3dB coupler;
ASE light generated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA enters a single-mode fiber SMF from a port b through a port a of an optical circulator, is injected into a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring, returns around a circle of original path, enters a port C from the port b of the optical circulator, passes through an optical coupler, forms probe light by part of light, is output to a C-band optical spectrum analyzer for observation, and enters the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA again for resonance in a resonant cavity; when the pumping power is higher than the Brillouin threshold value, the linear gain of the erbium-doped fiber and the nonlinear Brillouin gain of the single-mode fiber SMF are cascaded to generate multi-stage Brillouin Stocks output.
Wherein, the output power of the EDFA is 500 mW.
In the polarization maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization maintaining Sagnac loop, a first polarization maintaining fiber PMF and a second polarization maintaining fiber PMF are 8cm polarization maintaining fibers, 8cm polarization maintaining fibers are selected, and a 10 m unpumped erbium-doped fiber is selected as the erbium-doped fiber.
The single-mode fiber SMF is an SM-28 single-mode fiber with the length of 5 km and is used for providing Brillouin nonlinear gain.
The optical coupler is a coupler with a splitting ratio of 10/90, and is used for outputting multi-wavelength laser.
Wherein, the resolution of the C-band spectrum analyzer is 0.02 nm.
Different from the prior art, the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, an optical circulator, a single-mode fiber SMF, a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring, an optical coupler and a C-band spectrum analyzer. The invention has simple structure, flat output power, narrow line width and most amount of laser, uses the Sagnac ring of the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining structure, is equivalent to a polarization-maintaining FBG filter, does not need to add an additional pump laser in the narrowing process, and the optical fiber ring automatically injects output light into the laser to form an external cavity effect on the laser so as to carry out fine mode selection. Moreover, due to the absorption of the erbium-doped fiber in the Sagnac loop, a larger amount of laser output with flat power can be ensured while ensuring the narrow linewidth laser output.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser provided by the present invention.
In the figure, 1: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA; 2: an optical circulator; 3: a single mode fiber SMF; 4: a 3dB coupler; 51: a first third ring polarizer; 52: a second third ring polarizer; 61: first polarization maintaining fiber PMF, 62: a second polarization maintaining fiber PMF; 7: an erbium-doped fiber; 8: polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac loops; 9: an optical coupler; 10: c-band spectrum analyzer.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser, including: the device comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1, an optical circulator 2, a single-mode fiber SMF3, a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring 8, an optical coupler 9 and a C-band spectrum analyzer 10;
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 is connected with a port a of the optical circulator 2, a port b is connected with one end of a single-mode fiber SMF3, the other end of the single-mode fiber SMF3 is connected with a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring 8, the optical coupler 9 comprises an input end and two output ends, the input end and one of the output ends are respectively connected with a port C of the optical circulator 2 and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 to form an annular structure, and the other output end is connected with a C-band spectrum analyzer 10;
polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop 8 includes 3dB coupler 4, first and second three- ring polarizers 51, 52, first and second polarization-maintaining fibers PMF61, PMF 62, and erbium-doped fiber 7; one ends of the first polarization maintaining fiber PMF61 and the second polarization maintaining fiber PMF 62 are respectively connected with one ends of the first three-ring polarizer 51 and the second three-ring polarizer 52, the other ends of the first polarization maintaining fiber PMF61 and the second polarization maintaining fiber PMF 62 are symmetrically connected with two ends of the erbium-doped fiber 7, and the other ends of the first three-ring polarizer 51 and the second three-ring polarizer 52 are respectively connected with two ends of the 3dB coupler 4;
ASE generated by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 enters a single-mode fiber SMF3 from a port b through an a port of an optical circulator 2, is injected into a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring 8, returns to an original path after surrounding a circle, enters a port C from a port b of the optical circulator 2, passes through an optical coupler 9, forms detection light by part of light, outputs the detection light to a C-band spectrum analyzer 10 for observation, and enters an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 again for resonance in a resonant cavity; when the pump power is higher than the brillouin threshold, the linear gain of the erbium doped fiber 7 is cascaded with the nonlinear brillouin gain of the single mode fiber SMF3 to generate a multi-stage brillouin Stocks output.
Wherein, the output power of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 is 500 mW.
In the polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring 8, two sections of polarization-maintaining fibers are 8cm polarization-maintaining fibers, and the erbium-doped fiber 7 is a 10 m unpumped erbium-doped fiber.
The single-mode fiber SMF3 is an SM-28 single-mode fiber with the length of 5 km and is used for providing Brillouin nonlinear gain.
The optical coupler 9 is a coupler having a splitting ratio of 10/90, and outputs a multi-wavelength laser.
Wherein, the resolution of the C-band spectrum analyzer 10 is 0.02 nm. In the present invention, the C-band spectrum analyzer 10 is an MS9740A signal analyzer available from Anritsu corporation.
In the optical fiber, incident laser and acoustic wave in the optical fiber generate nonlinear interaction, the optical wave generates the acoustic wave through electrostriction, periodic modulation of the refractive index of the optical fiber is caused, anti-Stokes and Stokes Brillouin scattering light with up-down frequency is generated, and Brillouin frequency shift is generated in the optical fiber
Is shown as
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in order to pump the frequency of the light,
in order to be the speed of sound,
in order to be the speed of light,
about 10GHz around 1550 nm.
When the power of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier reaches the threshold of stimulated Brillouin scattering, a first-order Stokes wave appears
When the power of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is further increased, a higher-order Stokes wave is excited
And the interval between every two Stokes waves is Brillouin frequency shift quantity
This is the expected multi-wavelength brillouin erbium doped fiber laser, and the stokes wave frequency of each order can be expressed as:
the working principle of using polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop 8 is as follows:
incident light directed to polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop 8 is split into two identical waves by 3dB coupler 4 forming polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop 8. These two waves then propagate in opposite directions in the unpumped erbium doped fibre 7, standing waves thereby forming. The spatial light intensity distribution can be easily determined as lambda/2 neffWhere λ is the center wavelength and 2neffIs the effective refractive index of the erbium doped fibre 7. Considering the energy level of erbium ion in two-level system4I15/2And4I13/2composition, wherein the saturation absorption coefficient can be expressed as:
wherein IsatDue to the difference in i (z) and absorption coefficients α (z) of the spatially periodic distribution, resulting in a periodic spatial variation of the refractive index, corresponding to an FBG filter, the reflected light is combined and transmitted through the coupler.
During operation, ASE light generated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 enters the single-mode fiber SMF3 from the port b through the port a of the optical circulator 2, is injected into the polarization-erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring 8 to be wound for a circle and then returns to the original path, enters the port c from the port b of the optical circulator, is divided into two parts after passing through the optical coupler 9, wherein one part is used as detection light and is output to a spectrum analyzer for observation; the remaining portion re-enters the erbium doped fiber amplifier EDFA1 to resonate in the resonant cavity. When the pumping power is higher than the Brillouin threshold value, the linear gain of the erbium-doped fiber 7 and the nonlinear Brillouin gain of the single-mode fiber SMF3 are cascaded to generate multi-stage Brillouin Stocks output.
The erbium-doped fiber laser is a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser, and has the advantages of simple structure, flat output power, narrow linewidth and large quantity of multi-wavelength lasers. Two sections of polarization-maintaining fibers 6 with the same length in the Sagnac loop are connected to two sides of an unpumped erbium-doped fiber 7 to form a polarization-maintaining FBG filter, the standing wave absorption pressure narrow filtering effect of the polarization-maintaining FBG filter is utilized to obtain laser output with narrow line width, and the absorption effect of the unpumped erbium-doped fiber in the loop enables the output laser to be large in quantity and flat in power.
Different from the prior art, the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, an optical circulator, a single-mode fiber SMF, a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring, an optical coupler and a C-band spectrum analyzer. The invention has simple structure, flat output power, narrow line width and most amount of laser, uses the Sagnac ring of the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining structure, is equivalent to a polarization-maintaining FBG filter, does not need to add an additional pump laser in the narrowing process, and the optical fiber ring automatically injects output light into the laser to form an external cavity effect on the laser so as to carry out fine mode selection. Moreover, due to the absorption of the erbium-doped fiber in the Sagnac loop, a larger amount of laser output with flat power can be ensured while ensuring the narrow linewidth laser output.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth Brillouin laser is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1), an optical circulator (2), a single-mode fiber SMF (3), a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring (8), an optical coupler (9) and a C-band spectrum analyzer (10);
the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1) is connected with a port a of the optical circulator (2), a port b is connected with one end of the single-mode fiber SMF (3), the other end of the single-mode fiber SMF (3) is connected with a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring (8), the optical coupler (9) comprises an input end and two output ends, the input end and one of the output ends are respectively connected with a port C of the optical circulator (2) and the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1) to form an annular structure, and the other output end is connected with a band C spectrum analyzer (10);
the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring (8) comprises a 3dB coupler (4), a first three-ring polarizer (51) and a second three-ring polarizer (52), a first polarization-maintaining fiber PMF (61) and a second polarization-maintaining fiber PMF (62) and an erbium-doped fiber (7); one ends of a first polarization maintaining fiber PMF (61) and a second polarization maintaining fiber PMF (62) are respectively connected with one ends of a first three-ring polarizer (51) and a second three-ring polarizer (52), the other ends of the first polarization maintaining fiber PMF and the second polarization maintaining fiber PMF are symmetrically connected with two ends of an erbium-doped fiber (7), and the other ends of the first three-ring polarizer (51) and the second three-ring polarizer (52) are respectively connected with two ends of a 3dB coupler (4);
ASE light generated by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1) enters a single-mode fiber SMF (3) from a port b through an port a of an optical circulator (2), is injected into a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac ring (8), returns around a circle of back original path, enters a port C from the port b of the optical circulator (2), passes through an optical coupler (9), part of light forms probe light, is output to a C-band optical spectrum analyzer (10) for observation, and the rest of light enters the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1) again and resonates in a resonant cavity; when the pumping power is higher than the Brillouin threshold value, the linear gain of the erbium-doped fiber (7) and the nonlinear Brillouin gain of the single-mode fiber SMF (3) are cascaded to generate multi-stage Brillouin Stocks output.
2. Polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the output power of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (1) is 500 mW.
3. The polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the polarization-maintaining erbium-doped polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop (8), the first polarization-maintaining fiber PMF (61) and the second polarization-maintaining fiber PMF (62) are 8cm polarization-maintaining fibers, and the erbium-doped fiber (7) is 10 m unpumped erbium-doped fiber.
4. The polarization-maintaining, erbium-doped, polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the single mode fiber SMF (3) is an SM-28 single mode fiber with a length of 5 km to provide brillouin nonlinear gain.
5. The polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser according to claim 1, wherein the optical coupler (9) is a coupler having a splitting ratio of 10/90 for outputting a multi-wavelength laser.
6. The polarization-maintaining-erbium-doped-polarization-maintaining Sagnac loop self-excited multi-wavelength narrow linewidth brillouin laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the C-band spectrum analyzer (10) resolution is 0.02 nm.
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| CN112729774A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-30 | 四川知周科技有限责任公司 | Common-path laser ignition and path loss detection device |
| CN117833001A (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-04-05 | 中北大学 | Tunable narrow linewidth self-excited Brillouin fiber laser |
| CN117833001B (en) * | 2024-03-01 | 2024-05-10 | 中北大学 | Tunable narrow linewidth self-excited Brillouin fiber laser |
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