CN111437884A - Composite photocatalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite photocatalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000013154 zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;2-methylimidazol-3-ide Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC1=NC=C[N-]1.CC1=NC=C[N-]1 MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=S YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Natural products CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-adamantyl)-3-aminothiourea Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(NC(=S)NN)C3 XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC#N JMANVNJQNLATNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043267 rhodamine b Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIODQALUGWKTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;ethanethioate Chemical compound [NH4+].CC([O-])=S AIODQALUGWKTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004298 light response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011206 ternary composite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/34—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1691—Coordination polymers, e.g. metal-organic frameworks [MOF]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1815—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
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- B01J35/39—
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/341—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation
- B01J37/344—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy
- B01J37/346—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation making use of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or particle radiation of electromagnetic wave energy of microwave energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0213—Complexes without C-metal linkages
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- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/20—Complexes comprising metals of Group II (IIA or IIB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/26—Zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/40—Organic compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Abstract
The invention discloses a ternary g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 composite photocatalyst and the preparation method thereof comprise the following steps: (1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: according to the mass ratio of 1Weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea at a ratio of 0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an ethanol aqueous solution, transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, carrying out microwave reaction for 12-36h at 200 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2A complex; (2) preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2/ZIF-8: weighing zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and g-C according to the mass ratio of 1:2 (0.36-1.44)3N4/MoS2Dispersing the compound in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst. The composite photocatalytic material prepared by the method has good stability in water, high catalytic efficiency and good degradation effect on methylene blue, and can be degraded by 99% within 90 min. The photocatalyst prepared by the invention has high application value in the aspect of degrading organic pigments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a catalyst, in particular to a composite photocatalyst.
Background
Energy and environmental problems are two serious problems faced by the current society, and the development of the society is seriously restricted. Among the technical means, photocatalysis is considered as the most promising method for solving the energy and environmental problems due to the characteristics of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and high efficiency. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are three-dimensional, reticulated porous materials formed by self-assembly of Metal central ions and organic ligands. The nano-porous silicon dioxide has the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, good stability, adjustable topological structure and the like, so that the nano-porous silicon dioxide is widely researched and applied to the fields of gas separation and storage, drug delivery, catalysis, luminescent materials and the like. The photocatalysis technology is a new technology for high-efficiency pollutant degradation, can promote the formation of non-spontaneous reaction by the power of sunlight, is safe and non-toxic, has the unique advantages of mild reaction conditions, unlimited treatment load, no selectivity in pollutant treatment and the like, and plays a great charm in the field of environmental protection. However, in the aspect of water treatment, the effective catalytic degradation process of the photocatalytic material can only be performed under ultraviolet light, so that the application of the photocatalytic material is greatly restricted, and the catalytic degradation cost is increased. Most MOFs have a wide energy band gap, which results in absorption of only about 5% of the total sunlight, and this has a significant limitation in practical applications. In fact, of the solar radiation, infrared and near-infrared radiation account for 53%. Therefore, in photocatalysis, how to fully utilize infrared light and near infrared light in sunlight has great research value.
Graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C)3N4) As a carbon-based material, the material has the characteristics of wide sources of preparation raw materials, low price, simple preparation method, easy industrialization and the like. The photocatalyst has adjustable electronic structure and good physical and chemical stability. The forbidden band width of the material is 2.70eV, so that the material can be excited by visible light and can absorb the visible light to decompose water to prepare hydrogen. However, g-C3N4Also has many disadvantages to improve the photocatalytic performance, especially higher electron hole recombination rate, seriously reducing the photocatalytic efficiency, and improving g-C3N4The photocatalytic performance and the improvement of the electron hole separation rate are always the key points of research in the field.
MoS2Is a two-dimensional ferrous metal sulfide with metallic luster. It consists of two S atoms and one Mo atom layer as the middle layer2The special structure has extremely high transmission rate of carriers in the structure, and the energy band width range of the structure is 1.2-1.9eV, so that the structure can absorb more sunlight and has extremely high utilization rate of the sunlight. The material has excellent electrical and optical characteristics, and is widely applied to the fields of microelectronic devices, solar cells and the like at present. MoS2The active sites for the photocatalytic reaction are located at the edges of the exposed S-Mo-S layer in the layered structure. MoS2Less conductive and prone to layer-by-layer stacking with reduced edge exposure to active sitesThereby reducing its photocatalytic activity. One solution to this problem is to use MoS as a solution2Dispersed on a suitable template material to prepare high-sulfur multi-edge MoS2A material.
A modified MoS is disclosed in patent CN 106975511A2/g-C3N4The photocatalyst disclosed by the patent can be used for carrying out catalytic degradation on rhodamine B under the irradiation of near infrared light, but the catalytic efficiency is lower. In patent CN 107115880A, a MoS is disclosed2/CNTs/g-C3N4The composite photocatalytic material and the preparation method thereof, but new pollution is introduced by residual metal ions of nickel and chromium of the carbon nano tube while rhodamine B is degraded, and the problem of recovery is difficult to solve. In is disclosed In patent CN 103990486A2S3/g-C3N4The preparation method of the composite nano material is that In the experiment of degrading Methylene Blue (MB), the composite photocatalyst has a single In ratio2S3Has better catalytic effect, but g-C3N4The preparation of the urea is obtained by calcining urea at the high temperature of 550 ℃, and the preparation process is complex, has high cost and is not beneficial to energy conservation and environmental protection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a preparation method of a composite photocatalyst, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea according to the mass ratio of 1:0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding into an ethanol water solution, wherein the weight ratio of ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 1:1, then the mixture is transferred into a reaction kettle, the microwave reaction is carried out for 12 to 36 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃, and the mixture is naturally cooled to the room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2A complex;
(2) preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2/ZIF-8g-C obtained in the above (1)3N4/MoS2The compound is prepared by weighing zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and g-C according to the mass ratio of 1:2 (0.36-1.44)3N4/MoS2Dispersing the compound in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst is a composite photocatalyst.
The invention also provides the composite photocatalyst prepared by the method.
Preferably, g-C in the composite photocatalyst3N4、MoS2And the mass ratio of ZIF-8 is 1:0.2 (2.5-10).
The invention innovatively provides that ammonium thioacetate is used as MoS2The sulfur source is simultaneously used for synthesizing the sulfurated C together with the urea3N4(g-C3N4) One-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2And (c) a complex. The compound is bonded through S-S, has a compact interface and improves the electron conduction rate; meanwhile, the two components form a heterogeneous result, charge is transferred, and the photoproduction electron-hole separation efficiency is easy to improve. In addition, in the present specification, in order to improve the adsorption performance of the catalyst material, g-C3N4/MoS2ZIF-8 is introduced into the compound to form the ternary composite photocatalyst. The catalyst can greatly improve the utilization rate of visible light in sunlight and has high catalytic activity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) g-C prepared by the invention3N4/MoS2the/ZIF-8 visible light catalyst can effectively reduce the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs through the formation of a heterojunction, and improve the photocatalytic activity. It effectively retains MoS2The wide absorption property and the wide light response range can greatly improve the utilization rate of light. And the structural integrity of the ZIF-8 is well reserved, so that the composite photocatalytic material has a higher specific surface area, can have good adsorption performance, provides enough active sites for photocatalytic reaction, and effectively improves the photocatalytic effect of the photocatalystAnd (4) rate. When g-C3N4And MoS2When the light is irradiated by visible light, electrons on the valence band are excited and jump to the conduction band, so that photo-generated electron-hole pairs are generated. And because of g-C3N4The conduction band potential of (A) is more negative, so that photogenerated electrons on the conduction band can be transferred to the MoS2And ZIF-8 conductive band, the transferred electrons react with dissolved oxygen in the reaction system to generate active substance of superoxide radical (. O)2 -) The superoxide radicals can react with MB dye molecules adsorbed on the surface of the composite photocatalyst, and play a role in degrading MB through photocatalysis. And MoS2So that its hole can migrate to g-C3N4The holes are able to directly degrade MB.
(2) The preparation method of the invention fully uses microwave heating to accelerate the nucleation rate and the crystal growth rate. The microwave method has the advantages of short reaction time, high yield, simple equipment, low pollution, no temperature gradient, small size of the synthesized product and uniform particle size distribution. Using thioacetamide and urea as g-C3N4The synthetic universality is that an S-S coupling bond is formed on the interface, which is beneficial to improving the interface combination degree and improving the electron conduction rate. Therefore, compared with the room-temperature self-assembly method and the hydrothermal method, the method has greater innovation in theory and technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows g-C obtained in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention3N4/MoS2XRD patterns of/ZIF-8 visible-light-driven photocatalyst and each component;
FIG. 2 shows g-C obtained in examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention3N4/MoS2A ZIF-8 visible light catalyst and a photocatalytic degradation diagram of each component to methylene blue;
FIG. 3 shows g-C obtained in example 1 of the present invention3N4/MoS2SEM image of/ZIF-8 visible light catalyst.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a composite photocatalyst, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea according to the mass ratio of 1:0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an ethanol water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1:1), transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, carrying out microwave reaction at 200 ℃ for 12-36h, and naturally cooling to room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2And (c) a complex.
(2) Preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2/ZIF-8, weighing the compound obtained in the step (1), zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and the compound obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of 1:2:0.72, dispersing the mixture in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12 hours, centrifugally separating, washing and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst.
The composite photocatalyst prepared in the embodiment is added into methylene blue of 20 mg/L according to the proportion of 10 mg/L, and under visible light, the methylene blue solution can be degraded by about 99% within 90 min.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a composite photocatalyst, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea according to the mass ratio of 1:0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an ethanol water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1:1), transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, carrying out microwave reaction at 200 ℃ for 12-36h, and naturally cooling to room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2And (c) a complex.
(2) Preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2/ZIF-8, weighing the compound obtained in the step (1), zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and the compound obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of 1:2:0.36, dispersing the mixture in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12 hours, centrifugally separating, washing and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst.
The composite photocatalyst prepared in the embodiment is added into 20 mg/L of methylene blue according to the proportion of 10 mg/L, and under visible light, the methylene blue solution can be degraded by about 90% within 90 min.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a composite photocatalyst, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea according to the mass ratio of 1:0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into an ethanol water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1:1), transferring the mixture into a reaction kettle, carrying out microwave reaction at 200 ℃ for 12-36h, and naturally cooling to room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2And (c) a complex.
(2) Preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2/ZIF-8, weighing the compound obtained in the step (1), zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and the compound obtained in the step (1) according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1.44, dispersing the mixture in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12 hours, centrifugally separating, washing and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst.
The composite photocatalyst prepared in the embodiment is added into 20 mg/L of methylene blue according to the proportion of 10 mg/L, and under visible light, the methylene blue solution can be degraded by about 90% within 90 min.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of the composite photocatalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) one-pot synthesis of g-C3N4/MoS2Binary complex: weighing sodium molybdate, thioacetamide and urea according to the mass ratio of 1:0.625:3.3, uniformly mixing, adding into an ethanol water solution, wherein the weight ratio of ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 1:1, then the mixture is transferred into a reaction kettle, the microwave reaction is carried out for 12 to 36 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃, and the mixture is naturally cooled to the room temperature. Centrifuging, washing with water, washing with alcohol, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2A complex;
(2) preparation of g-C by impregnation3N4/MoS2ZIF-8, g-C obtained by subjecting the above-mentioned (1)3N4/MoS2The compound is prepared by weighing zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and g-C according to the mass ratio of 1:2 (0.36-1.44)3N4/MoS2Dispersing the compound in methanol, continuously stirring and immersing for 12h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain g-C3N4/MoS2The ZIF-8 visible light catalyst is a composite photocatalyst.
2. A composite photocatalyst prepared by the process of claim 1.
3. The composite photocatalyst of claim 2, wherein g-C in the composite photocatalyst3N4、MoS2And the mass ratio of ZIF-8 is 1:0.2 (2.5-10).
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