CN111433477B

CN111433477B - Electromagnetic clutch and gearbox

Info

Publication number: CN111433477B
Application number: CN201780095497.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余建华; 刘翠娥
Original assignee: Shenzhen Ailaiyin Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Ailaiyin Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-09-30
Filing date: 2017-09-30
Publication date: 2022-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2037-09-30
Also published as: WO2019061417A1; CN111433477A

Abstract

An electromagnetic clutch and a gearbox are provided, the electromagnetic clutch comprises a main sucker, a first sucker, a second sucker, an electromagnet assembly, a first locking assembly and a second locking assembly, wherein the main sucker can receive external power through a connecting shaft and rotate; the first sucker and the second sucker are respectively positioned on two sides of the main sucker, gaps are formed between the first sucker and the main sucker, the first sucker and the second sucker can respectively rotate relative to the main sucker, and power is output through a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft respectively; when the electromagnet assembly is electrified, a magnetic field can be generated, when a first magnetic field is generated, the first sucker rotates along with the main sucker, when a second magnetic field is generated, the second sucker rotates along with the main sucker, and the first locking assembly reciprocates at a first position and a second position along the main sucker to enable the first sucker to rotate and be fixed relative to the main sucker respectively; the second locking assembly can reciprocate at a third position and a fourth position along the main suction cup, so that the second suction cup rotates and is fixed relative to the main suction cup respectively.

Description

Electromagnetic clutch and gearbox

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of clutch technology, and for example, to an electromagnetic clutch and a transmission.

Background

The gearbox in the related art can adopt a hydraulic system, and when the hydraulic system works, the hydraulic pump is always in a working state, and the oil consumption of the vehicle is increased because the hydraulic pump is always in the working state. The complex construction of the hydraulic system makes the production costs of the clutch and the gearbox high. In addition, the clutch and the gearbox of the hydraulic system are adopted, the impact of low-speed gear shifting is large, and the rotating speed of an engine cannot be too high in order to protect a clutch plate.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an electromagnetic clutch and gearbox can solve the problem that the low-speed that hydraulic clutch exists among the correlation technique shifts gears and assaults the great restriction to engine speed, simplifies hydraulic system's structure, reduces the oil consumption of vehicle.

An electromagnetic clutch comprises a main sucker, a first sucker, a second sucker, an electromagnet assembly, a first locking assembly and a second locking assembly, wherein,

the main sucker is configured to receive external power through the connecting shaft and rotate;

the first sucker and the second sucker are respectively positioned at two sides of the main sucker, and a gap is formed between the first sucker and the main sucker;

when the electromagnet assembly generates a first magnetic field, the first sucker rotates along with the main sucker, and when the electromagnet assembly generates a second magnetic field, the second sucker can rotate along with the main sucker;

the first locking component is configured to move to a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the main sucker, when the first locking component is located at the first position, the first sucker rotates relative to the main sucker, and when the first locking component is located at the second position, the first sucker is fixed relative to the main sucker; and

the second locking assembly is configured to move in a third position and a fourth position along the axial direction of the main suction cup, the second suction cup rotates relative to the main suction cup when the second locking assembly is located at the third position, and the second suction cup is fixed relative to the main suction cup when the second locking assembly is located at the fourth position.

Optionally, the electromagnet assembly includes at least two first electromagnets disposed on the end surface of the first suction cup opposite to the main suction cup and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the first suction cup, a second electromagnet disposed on the position of the main suction cup corresponding to the first electromagnet, at least two third electromagnets disposed on the end surface of the main suction cup opposite to the second suction cup and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the main suction cup, and a fourth electromagnet disposed on the position of the second suction cup corresponding to the third electromagnets.

Optionally, the main suction cup is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft;

one end of the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting shaft, the other end of the first rotating shaft sequentially penetrates through the first sucker, the main sucker and the second sucker, and the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the first sucker and rotatably connected with the main sucker;

the second rotating shaft is arranged on one side, away from the first sucking disc, of the main sucking disc, the second rotating shaft is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft and is in rotating connection with the first rotating shaft, and the second sucking disc is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft and is fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft.

Optionally, the first locking assembly comprises a first positioning disc configured to reciprocate between a first position and a second position along the axial direction of the main suction cup, a first locking electromagnet for driving the first positioning disc to reciprocate, and a first return spring for driving the first positioning disc to move and enabling the first positioning disc to be placed at the first position; one end of the first positioning disc, which is close to the second sucker, is a permanent magnet, and when the first positioning disc is arranged at the first position, the first return spring is in a reset state.

Optionally, the second locking assembly comprises a second positioning disc configured to reciprocate between a third position and a fourth position along the axial direction of the main suction cup, a second locking electromagnet driving the second positioning disc to reciprocate, and a second return spring driving the second positioning disc to move and enabling the second positioning disc to be placed in the third position; one end of the second positioning plate, which is close to the first sucker, is a permanent magnet, and when the second positioning plate is arranged at the third position, the second reset spring is in a reset state.

Optionally, the first positioning disc includes a first positioning plate and at least two first positioning posts connected to one side of the first positioning plate and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first positioning plate, and the first suction disc is provided with first positioning holes adapted to the first positioning posts;

the second positioning plate comprises a second positioning plate and at least two second positioning columns which are connected to one side of the second positioning plate and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second positioning plate; and a second positioning hole matched with the second positioning column is formed in the second sucker.

Optionally, the first suction cup, the second suction cup, the main suction cup, the first positioning column and the second positioning column are all made of materials which cannot be magnetized.

Optionally, a first current collector for supplying power to the second electromagnet, the third electromagnet, the first locking electromagnet and the second locking electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft, and a second current collector for supplying power to the fourth electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft; and a third current collector for supplying power to the first electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft.

Optionally, the first electromagnets are provided with at least two electromagnets and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first suction disc, and the polarities of the two adjacent electromagnets are opposite; the polarities of two adjacent second electromagnets are opposite;

the third electromagnets are at least two and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main sucker, and the polarities of the adjacent two third electromagnets are opposite; the polarities of the adjacent fourth electromagnets are opposite;

the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet are identical in size and shape, and the third electromagnet and the fourth electromagnet are identical in size and shape.

Optionally, the connecting shaft includes a rotating portion configured to receive external power and rotate, and a connecting cylinder fixedly disposed at one end of the rotating portion and having a blind hole structure, where the connecting cylinder is provided with at least one first locking component for fixing the first suction cup relative to the main suction cup, and at least one second locking component for fixing the second suction cup relative to the main suction cup;

the first locking assembly comprises a first positioning piece configured to reciprocate at a first position and a second position along the radial direction of the main sucker, a first positioning electromagnet driving the first positioning piece to reciprocate, and a first positioning spring driving the first positioning piece to move and enabling the first positioning piece to be arranged at the first position; one end, far away from the first sucker, of the first positioning piece is a permanent magnet, and when the first positioning piece is arranged at the first position, the first positioning spring is in a reset state.

Optionally, the second locking assembly includes a second positioning element configured to reciprocate between a third position and a fourth position along a radial direction of the main suction cup, a second positioning electromagnet configured to drive the second positioning element to reciprocate, and a second positioning spring configured to drive the second positioning element to move and place the second positioning element at the third position; one end, far away from the second sucker, of the second positioning piece is a permanent magnet, and when the second positioning piece is arranged at the third position, the second positioning spring is in a reset state.

Optionally, the first positioning element includes a first positioning plate made of a permanent magnet, and a first positioning block connected to the first positioning plate and pointing to the side of the first suction cup, and at least two first positioning grooves matched with the first positioning block are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first suction cup along the circumferential direction;

the second positioning piece comprises a second positioning plate made of a permanent magnet and a second positioning block connected to the side, where the second positioning plate points to the second sucker, of the second positioning plate, and at least two second positioning grooves matched with the second positioning block are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the second sucker.

Optionally, thrust bearings are respectively clamped between the main suction cup and the first suction cup and between the main suction cup and the second suction cup.

The application also provides a gearbox which comprises the electromagnetic clutch.

The electromagnetic clutch provided by the application realizes the locking of the electromagnetic clutch through a mechanical structure, has a simple structure, is low in processing cost, good in energy-saving effect and stable in gear shifting, avoids the friction between two adjacent suckers, and saves resources; the application provides a gearbox can be applied to the fuel automobile, is not connected in the hydraulic pump and the torque converter of the engine of fuel automobile, can promote the dynamic property and the fuel economy of fuel automobile, reduces vehicle cost and automobile body weight.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view at I of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view at II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view from a first perspective of an electromagnetic clutch in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view from a second perspective of an electromagnetic clutch in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view from a third perspective of an electromagnetic clutch in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of an electromagnetic clutch according to a second embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view from a first perspective of an electromagnetic clutch in accordance with a third embodiment of the present application; and

fig. 9 is an exploded view from a second perspective of a third electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present application.

In the figure:

1. a connecting shaft; 11. a rotating shaft; 111. a first threading hole; 112. a second threading hole; 12. a connecting portion; 121. a connecting end portion; 1211. installing a groove; 122. an L-shaped connecting rod; 1221. a first lever; 1222. a second lever; 12221. a first mounting hole; 2. a main suction cup; 21. a first groove; 22. a second groove; 23. a first through hole; 24. positioning a groove; 241. a second mounting hole; 25. a third positioning hole; 3. a first suction cup; 31. a first positioning hole; 4. a second suction cup; 41. a second positioning hole; 5. a first rotating shaft; 51. a third threading hole; 52. a fourth threading hole; 53. a fifth threading hole; 6. a second rotating shaft; 61. a second through hole; 62. a sixth threading hole; 7. a first locking assembly; 71. a first positioning plate; 711. a first positioning post; 712. a first positioning plate; 7121. a third through hole; 72. a first locking electromagnet; 73. a first return spring; 74. a first limit plate; 741. a fourth through hole; 8. a second locking assembly; 81. a second positioning plate; 811. a second positioning column; 812. a second positioning plate; 8121. a fifth through hole; 82. a second locking electromagnet; 83. a second return spring; 84. a second limiting plate; 841. a sixth through hole; 91. a first current collector; 92. a second current collector; 93. a third current collector; 100. a first gear; 101. a second gear; 102. a third gear; 103; a fourth gear; 104. a third rotating shaft; 201. a first bearing; 202. a second bearing; 203. a third bearing; 204. a fourth bearing; 205. a fifth bearing; 206. a sixth bearing; 300. an electromagnet assembly; 301. a first electromagnet; 302. a second electromagnet; 303. a third electromagnet; 304. a fourth electromagnet; 401. a first oil seal; 402. a second oil seal; 403. a third oil seal; 404. a fourth oil seal; 110. a rotating part; 120. a connecting cylinder; 1201. a fixed block; 1202. a first mounting groove; 1203. a second mounting groove; 210. a first chute; 220. a second chute; 310. a first positioning groove; 320. a third chute; 410. a second positioning groove; 420. a fourth chute; 500. a first rolling element; 600. a second rolling element; 710. a first baffle plate; 720. a first positioning member; 7201. a first positioning plate; 7202. a first positioning block; 730. a first positioning spring; 740. a first positioning electromagnet; 810. a second baffle; 820. a second positioning member; 8201. a second positioning plate; 8202. a second positioning block; 830. a second positioning spring; 840. and a second positioning electromagnet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the following embodiments are described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides an electromagnetic clutch, which includes a connecting shaft 1, a main suction cup 2, a first suction cup 3, a second suction cup 4, a first rotating shaft 5, a second rotating shaft 6, a first locking assembly 7, a second locking assembly 8, and an electromagnet assembly 300, wherein the main suction cup 2, the first suction cup 3, and the second suction cup 4 may be made of a material that cannot be magnetized.

As shown in fig. 1, the connecting shaft 1 includes a rotating shaft 11 configured to receive external power and rotate, and a connecting portion 12 connected to one end of the rotating shaft 11 and fixedly connected to the main suction cup 2. One end of the rotating shaft 11, which is far away from the connecting part 12, is connected with a driving structure, the rotating shaft 11 is driven to rotate by the driving structure, and the driving structure can be a motor.

One end of the rotating shaft 11 connected with the driving structure is provided with an internal spline, the driving structure is provided with an external spline matched with the internal spline, and the driving structure is connected with the rotating shaft 11 through the matching of the external spline and the internal spline. In this embodiment, an internal spline may be further provided on the driving structure, an external spline matched with the internal spline is provided on the rotating shaft 11, and the driving structure is connected to the rotating shaft 11 through the matching of the internal spline and the external spline.

In this embodiment, the main suction cup 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 1, so that the main suction cup 2 can rotate along with the connecting shaft 1. Optionally, the connecting portion 12 includes a connecting end portion 121, and at least two L-shaped connecting rods 122 uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the connecting end portion 121, a first end of the connecting end portion 121 is connected to the rotating shaft 11, and a second end of the connecting end portion is connected to the L-shaped connecting rod 122.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the number of the L-shaped connecting rods 122 in this embodiment is four. The four L-shaped connecting rods 122 form an installation space having an opening at one end and coaxial with the rotating shaft 11. The opening of the installation space is disposed away from the rotation shaft 11, and each of the L-shaped connection rods 122 includes a first rod 1221 and a second rod 1222. A first end of the first rod 1221 is connected to the connecting end portion 121, a second end of the first rod 1221 is connected to the second rod 1222, and the first rod 1221 and the second rod 1222 are vertically connected.

Optionally, two first mounting holes 12221 are disposed on the second rod 1222, a positioning groove 24 for placing the second rod 1222 is disposed at a position of the main suction cup 2 corresponding to each second rod 1222, a second mounting hole 241 is disposed at a position of the positioning groove 24 corresponding to the first mounting hole 12221, and a screw penetrates through the first mounting hole 12221 and is screwed into the corresponding second mounting hole 241, so that the main suction cup 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting portion 12. An installation groove 1211 is formed in one end, away from the rotating shaft 11, of the connecting end portion 121, a second bearing 202 is arranged in the installation groove 1211, and one end of the first rotating shaft 5 is inserted into the second bearing 202, so that the first rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected with the connecting portion 12.

The end surface of one end of the second rod 1222 far away from the first rod 1221 is on the same plane with the end surface of one end of the main suction cup 2 far away from the connecting shaft 1. Through the connection, when the connecting shaft 1 rotates, the main sucker 2 can rotate synchronously along with the connecting shaft 1.

The first sucker 3 is located on one side, close to the main sucker 2, of the connecting shaft 1 and can rotate relative to the connecting shaft 1, and the first sucker 3 penetrates through the first rotating shaft 5 and is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 5. Optionally, the first suction cup 3 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 5, is close to the first end of the connecting shaft 1, and is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 5, and the second end of the first rotating shaft 5 sequentially penetrates through the main suction cup 2 and the second suction cup 4.

As shown in fig. 2, the main suction cup 2 passes through the first rotating shaft 5 and can rotate relative to the first rotating shaft 5. Optionally, the main suction cup 2 is arranged on one side of the connecting shaft 1 away from the first suction cup 3, a first through hole 23 is formed in the central axis of the main suction cup 2, and the first rotating shaft 5 penetrates through the first through hole 23 and is connected with the main suction cup 2 in a rotating mode. Optionally, a third bearing 203 and a fourth bearing 204 are mounted on the first rotating shaft 5, and the third bearing 203 and the fourth bearing 204 can realize the rotating connection between the first rotating shaft 5 and the main suction cup 2.

As shown in fig. 2, the main suction cup 2 is provided with a second rotating shaft 6 on one side away from the first suction cup 3, the second rotating shaft 6 is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft 5 and can rotate relative to the first rotating shaft 5, and the second suction cup 4 is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft 6 and is fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft 6. Optionally, a second through hole 61 is formed in the second rotating shaft 6, the first rotating shaft 5 penetrates through the second through hole 61, a fifth bearing 205 and a sixth bearing 206 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second through hole 61 along the central axis direction, and the first rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected with the second rotating shaft 6 through the fifth bearing 205 and the sixth bearing 206.

The electromagnet assembly 300 is shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the electromagnet assembly 300 is powered on, the electromagnet assembly 300 can generate a magnetic field; when the electromagnet assembly 300 generates a first magnetic field, the first suction cup 3 can rotate along with the main suction cup 2, and when the electromagnet assembly 300 generates a second magnetic field, the second suction cup 4 can rotate along with the main suction cup 2.

In an embodiment, the electromagnet assembly 300 includes at least two first electromagnets 301 disposed on the end surface of the first suction cup 3 opposite to the main suction cup 2 and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first suction cup 3, a second electromagnet 302 disposed on the end surface of the main suction cup 2 opposite to the first suction cup 3 and correspondingly disposed with the first electromagnet 301, at least two third electromagnets 303 disposed on the end surface of the main suction cup 2 opposite to the second suction cup 4 and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main suction cup 2, and a fourth electromagnet 304 disposed on the end surface of the second suction cup 4 opposite to the main suction cup 2 and correspondingly disposed with the third electromagnets 303.

Optionally, the at least two first electromagnets 301 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first suction disk 3, and the polarities of the adjacent two first electromagnets 301 are opposite; correspondingly, the at least two second electromagnets 302 are arranged on the end face of the main suction cup 2 opposite to the first suction cup 3 and are arranged corresponding to the first electromagnet 301, and the polarities of the two adjacent second electromagnets 302 are opposite.

Optionally, the at least two third electromagnets 303 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main suction cup 2, and the polarities of the adjacent two third electromagnets 303 are opposite; correspondingly, the at least two fourth electromagnets 304 are disposed on the end surface of the second suction cup 4 opposite to the main suction cup 2 and are disposed corresponding to the third electromagnet 303, and the polarities of the two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304 are opposite.

In this embodiment, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 have the same size and shape, and the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 have the same size and shape. Optionally, the number of the second electromagnets 302 is equal to the number of the third electromagnets 303, and the radius of the circle where the centers of the plurality of second electromagnets 302 are located is equal to the radius of the circle where the centers of the plurality of third electromagnets 303 are located. In this embodiment, the number of the second electromagnets 302 and the number of the third electromagnets 303 may be 12, and the number of the corresponding first electromagnets 301 and the number of the corresponding fourth electromagnets 304 may also be 12.

The first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are energized to generate an attraction force between the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302, so that the first suction cup 3 can be fixed with respect to the main suction cup 2 and can rotate with the main suction cup 2. Optionally, the polarities of the two adjacent first electromagnets 301 are opposite, the polarities of the two adjacent second electromagnets 302 are opposite, and the first electromagnets 301 and the second electromagnets 302 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. In the process of rotation of the main suction cup 2, when the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are energized, the main suction cup 2 and the first suction cup 3 continuously generate alternately changing attraction force and repulsion force, the force for pushing the first suction cup 3 to rotate not only has friction force of opposite attraction but also has pushing force of like repulsion of electromagnets adjacent to each electromagnet, and the first suction cup 3 rotates along with the main suction cup 2 through the combined action of the two.

If the polarity of the first electromagnet 301 is the same as the polarity of the second electromagnet 302 opposite to the first electromagnet 301, the repulsion force generated between the main suction cup 2 and the first suction cup 3 causes the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 to rotate relatively, the main suction cup 2 rotates by a corresponding angle relative to the first suction cup 3, that is, the position of one first electromagnet 301 is staggered, so that the polarities of the first electromagnet 301 of the first suction cup 3 and the second electromagnet 302 on the main suction cup 2 corresponding to the first electromagnet 301 are opposite, and the second suction cup 4 rotates synchronously with the main suction cup 2. The corresponding angle refers to an angle formed by connecting the circle centers of the same end surfaces of the two adjacent first electromagnets 301 with the center of the first suction disc 3 respectively.

Accordingly, when the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are energized to generate the attraction force by the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304, the second suction cup 4 can be fixed with respect to the main suction cup 2 and can be rotated with the main suction cup 2.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first locking component 7 can reciprocate in the axial direction of the main suction cup 2 to a first position and a second position, so that the first suction cup 3 can rotate and be fixed relative to the main suction cup 2.

The first locking assembly 7 may include a first positioning plate 71 capable of reciprocating in a first position and a second position in an axial direction of the main suction cup 2, a first locking electromagnet 72 driving the first positioning plate 71 to reciprocate, and a first return spring 73 driving the first positioning plate 71 to move and placing the first positioning plate 71 in the first position. One end of the first positioning disc 71, which is close to the second suction cup 4, is a permanent magnet, when the first positioning disc 71 is located at the first position, the first return spring 73 is in a reset state, and at the moment, the compression amount of the first return spring 73 is small.

After the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are powered on, when the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 do not rotate relatively, the first locking electromagnet 72 is powered on and generates an attraction force for attracting the first positioning plate 71, and under the action of the attraction force, the first end of the first positioning plate 71 extends into the first suction cup 3 until the second end of the first positioning plate 71 abuts against the first locking electromagnet 72, so that the first suction cup 3 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2. The first return spring 73 is further compressed, and the direction of the current flowing through the coil of the first locking electromagnet 72 is changed, so that the first locking electromagnet 72 generates a repulsive force that repels the first positioning plate 71, and the first positioning plate 71 is separated from the first suction plate 3 by the repulsive force and the first return spring 73, so that the first suction plate 3 can rotate relative to the main suction plate 2.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second locking assembly 8 can reciprocate to a third position and a fourth position along the axial direction of the main suction cup 2, so that the second suction cup 4 can rotate and be fixed relative to the main suction cup 2.

The second locking assembly 8 may include a second positioning plate 81 capable of reciprocating in the third position and the fourth position along the axial direction of the main suction cup 2, a second locking electromagnet 82 for driving the second positioning plate 81 to reciprocate, and a second return spring 83 for driving the second positioning plate 81 to move and placing the second positioning plate 81 in the second position. One end of the second positioning plate 81 close to the first suction plate 3 is a permanent magnet, when the second positioning plate 81 is located at the third position, the second return spring 83 is in a reset state, and at the moment, the compression amount of the second return spring 83 is small.

After the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are energized, when the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 do not rotate relatively, the second locking electromagnet 82 is energized and generates an attraction force for attracting the second positioning plate 81, so that the second positioning plate 81 moves towards the second suction cup 4 and extends into the second suction cup 4 to fix the second suction cup 4 relative to the main suction cup 2, and the second return spring 83 is continuously compressed. The third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are energized to generate a repulsive force repelling the second positioning plate 81, and under the action of the repulsive force and the second return spring 83, the second positioning plate 81 is separated from the second suction cup 4, so that the second suction cup 4 can rotate relative to the main suction cup 2.

In an embodiment, a first groove 21 is disposed on a first side of the main suction cup 2, a second groove 22 is disposed on a second side of the main suction cup 2 corresponding to the first groove 21, and a third positioning hole 25 is disposed through the first groove 21 and the second groove 22.

The first groove 21 is internally provided with a first limiting plate 74 which limits the first positioning plate 712 in the first groove 21, the first limiting plate 74 is arranged on one side of the first positioning plate 712 where the first positioning column 711 is not arranged, and the first positioning plate 712 is limited in the first groove 21 by the first limiting plate 74. A second position limiting plate 84 for limiting the second positioning plate 812 in the second recess 22 is installed in the second recess 22, the second position limiting plate 84 is disposed on a side of the second positioning plate 812 where the second positioning post 811 is not disposed, and the second positioning plate 812 is limited in the second recess 22 by the second position limiting plate 84.

In one embodiment, the first position refers to a position of the first positioning plate 71 when the first positioning plate 71 is completely placed in the main suction cup 2, and the second position refers to a position of the first positioning plate 71 when the first positioning plate 712 is pressed against the end surface of the first locking electromagnet 72 so that the first positioning column 711 extends into the corresponding first positioning hole 31 for a maximum distance. In this embodiment, the third position refers to the position of the second positioning plate 81 when the second positioning plate 81 is completely placed in the main suction cup 2, and the fourth position refers to the position of the second positioning plate 81 when the second positioning plate 812 is pressed against the end surface of the second locking electromagnet 82, so that the distance that the second positioning post 811 extends into the corresponding second positioning hole 41 is the largest.

The first positioning plate 71 may include a first positioning post 711 disposed through the third positioning hole 25, and a first positioning plate 712 connected to one end of the first positioning post 711 and disposed in the first groove 21, and the first suction plate 3 is provided with a first positioning hole 31 adapted to the first positioning post 711. In one embodiment, at least two first positioning posts 711 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the first positioning plate 712. The first positioning post 711 may be made of a material that cannot be magnetized, and the first positioning plate 712 is a permanent magnet.

The second positioning plate 81 may include a second positioning post 811 disposed through the third positioning hole 25, and a second positioning plate 812 connected to an end of the second positioning post 811 and disposed in the second recess 22. In an embodiment, at least two second positioning columns 811 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the second positioning plate 812, and the second suction cup 4 is provided with a second positioning hole 41 matched with the second positioning columns 811. The second positioning post 811 may be made of a material that cannot be magnetized, and the second positioning plate 812 is a permanent magnet.

A third through hole 7121 matched with the second positioning column 811 is formed in a position, corresponding to the first positioning plate 712 and the second positioning column 811, and a fourth through hole 741 matched with the second positioning column 811 is formed in a position, corresponding to the third through hole 7121, of the first positioning plate 74. A fifth through hole 8121 matched with the first positioning column 711 is formed in the second positioning plate 812 at a position corresponding to the first positioning column 711, and a sixth through hole 841 is formed in the second limiting plate 84 at a position corresponding to the fifth through hole 8121.

The first locking electromagnet 72 is fixedly arranged in the first groove 21, and when the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are in a power-off state, one end of the first positioning column 711, which is far away from the first positioning plate 712, sequentially penetrates through the first locking electromagnet 72, the fifth through hole 8121 and the sixth through hole 841 and is arranged in the second groove 22. The first return spring 73 is pressed against the first groove 21 through the first positioning plate 712, and the first return spring 73 is in a return state, at this time, the compression amount of the first return spring 73 is small.

The second locking electromagnet 82 is fixedly disposed in the second groove 22, and when the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are in the power-off state, one end of the second positioning post 811, which is away from the second positioning plate 812, sequentially penetrates through the second locking electromagnet 82, the third through hole 7121 and the fourth through hole 741 and is disposed in the first groove 21. The second return spring 83 is pressed against the second groove 22 through the second positioning plate 812, and the second return spring 83 is in a return state, at this time, the compression amount of the second return spring 83 is small.

In an embodiment, at least two first positioning holes 31 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the first suction cup 3, at least two second positioning holes 41 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second suction cup 4, and the first positioning holes 31 and the second positioning holes 41 are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The radius of the circle where the center of the first positioning hole 31 is located is equal to the radius of the circle where the center of the second positioning hole 41 is located, and is equal to the radius of the circle where the center of the third positioning hole 25 is located.

In one embodiment, in order to ensure that the rotation speeds of the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 are the same, and when the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 operate to generate an attraction force, the first positioning posts 711 can move from the first position to the second position, the number of the first electromagnets 301 is equal to the number of the second electromagnets 302, and the number of the first electromagnets 301 is greater than or equal to the number of the first positioning holes 31 and is less than or equal to twice the number of the first positioning holes 31.

In an embodiment, in order that the rotation speeds of the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 are the same, and when the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 work to generate an attraction force, the second positioning post 811 can move from the third position to the fourth position, in this embodiment, the number of the third electromagnets 303 is equal to the number of the fourth electromagnets 304, and the number of the third electromagnets 303 is greater than or equal to the number of the second positioning holes 41 and is less than or equal to twice the number of the second positioning holes 41.

In an embodiment, the number of the first positioning holes 31 is equal to the number of the first electromagnets 301, and the number of the second positioning holes 41 is equal to the number of the third electromagnets 303. The number of the second positioning posts 811 is equal to the number of the first positioning posts 711, the number of the first positioning holes 31 is a multiple of the number of the first positioning posts 711, and the number of the second positioning holes 41 is a multiple of the number of the second positioning posts 811. Optionally, in this embodiment, three first positioning columns 711 and three second positioning columns 811 are provided, the number of the first positioning holes 31 and the number of the second positioning holes 41 are 12, and the number of the third positioning holes 25 is the sum of the number of the first positioning columns 711 and the number of the second positioning columns 811, so that in this embodiment, the number of the third positioning holes 25 is 6.

Alternatively, the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of first electromagnets 301 is larger than the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of first positioning holes 31, the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of fourth electromagnets 304 is larger than the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of second positioning holes 41, and the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of third electromagnets 303 is larger than the radius of a circle formed by the centers of the plurality of third positioning holes 25.

In one embodiment, each of the first electromagnets 301 and the corresponding first positioning hole 31 are located in the same radial direction of the first suction pad 3; each fourth electromagnet 304 and the corresponding second positioning hole 41 are located in the same radial direction of the second suction cup 4; each of the third positioning holes 25 and one of the third electromagnets 303 are located in the same radial direction of the main suction cup 2.

In one embodiment, the distribution relationship between the electromagnets and the corresponding positioning holes may adopt the following distribution relationship in addition to the above distribution relationship: each first positioning hole 31 is located between two adjacent first electromagnets 301, and each first positioning hole 31 is offset by the same angle with the two adjacent first electromagnets 301. Each second positioning hole 41 is located between two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304, and an offset angle of each second positioning hole 41 is consistent with that of the two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304. Optionally, each third positioning hole 25 is located between two adjacent third electromagnets 303, an offset angle of each third positioning hole 25 and two adjacent third electromagnets 303 is the same, and an included angle between each first positioning hole 31 and two adjacent first electromagnets 301 is the same as an included angle between each second positioning hole 41 and two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304, and is the same as an included angle between each third positioning hole 25 and two adjacent third electromagnets 303.

In one embodiment, the first positioning hole 31 is located in the radial direction of the first suction cup 3 where the centers of the center connecting lines of the two adjacent first electromagnets 301 are located, the second positioning hole 41 is located in the radial direction of the second suction cup 4 where the centers of the center connecting lines of the two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304 are located, and the third positioning hole 25 is located in the radial direction of the main suction cup 2 where the centers of the center connecting lines of the two adjacent third electromagnets 303 are located.

In one embodiment, the first return spring 73 and the second return spring 83 are conical springs, so that when the first suction cup 3 or the second suction cup 4 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2 and can rotate synchronously with the main suction cup 2, the compression amount of the conical springs is large.

In one embodiment, in order to prevent the corresponding positioning plate from shaking due to the action of the corresponding return spring during the rotation of the first suction cup 3 or the second suction cup 4 with the main suction cup 2, the spring wire diameter of the conical spring is smaller than the thickness of the first locking electromagnet 72 and the thickness of the second locking electromagnet 82, which refers to the length of the corresponding component in the direction L in fig. 1. When the first positioning disk 71 is in the second position, the opposite end faces of the first locking electromagnet 72 and the first positioning plate 712 are in contact; when the second positioning plate 81 is in the fourth position, the opposing end faces of the second locking electromagnet 82 and the second positioning plate 812 are in contact.

In one embodiment, a first current collector 91 for supplying power to the second electromagnet 302, the third electromagnet 303, the first locking electromagnet 72, and the second locking electromagnet 82 is fixed to the connection shaft 1, a second current collector 92 for supplying power to the fourth electromagnet 304 is fixed to the second rotating shaft 6, and a third current collector 93 for supplying power to the first electromagnet 301 is fixed to the first rotating shaft 5.

Optionally, a second threading hole 112 communicated with the inner hole of the internal spline is formed in the rotating shaft 11, the rotating shaft 11 is sleeved with a first current collector 91 fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 11, and a first threading hole 111 communicated with the second threading hole 112 is formed in the position, where the first current collector 91 is sleeved, of the rotating shaft 11.

In one embodiment, the electromagnetic clutch is mounted in a casing of the transmission, and a first collector brush slidably connected to the first collector 91 is mounted on the casing at a position corresponding to the first collector 91. The signal line of the electromagnet on the main suction cup 2 sequentially passes through the hole in the connecting part 12, the second threading hole 112 communicated with the hole in the connecting part 12 and the first threading hole 111 and then is connected to the first current collector 91.

During the rotation of the rotating shaft 11, the main suction cup 2 rotates, and the first current collector 91 and the first current collector brush slide with each other to generate a first voltage. The second electromagnet 302, the third electromagnet 303, the first locking electromagnet 72 and the second locking electromagnet 82 on the main suction cup 2 are powered by a first voltage.

A second current collector 92 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 6 between the second suction cup 4 and the first gear 100, the second current collector 92 is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft 6, and a second current collecting brush connected with the second current collector 92 in a sliding manner is mounted on the corresponding position of the housing corresponding to the second current collector 92. A sixth threading hole 62 is formed in the second rotating shaft 6 between the second suction cup 4 and the second current collector 92, and a signal line of the fourth electromagnet 304 on the second suction cup 4 sequentially passes through the sixth threading hole 62 and is connected to the second current collector 92.

During the rotation of the second suction cup 4, the second current collector 92 and the second current collector slide with each other to generate a second voltage, and the fourth electromagnet 304 on the second suction cup 4 is powered by the second voltage.

First pivot 5 is equipped with third through wires hole 51 along its central axis, third through wires hole 51 is the blind hole, the open end of blind hole is located first pivot 5 one end of keeping away from connecting axle 1, the one end that connecting axle 1 was kept away from to first pivot 5 is equipped with the fifth through wires hole 53 with third through wires hole 51 intercommunication, the position that third through wires hole 51 is close to first sucking disc 3 is equipped with the fourth through wires hole 52 with third through wires hole 51 intercommunication, the position that first pivot 5 is equipped with fifth through wires hole 53 has set firmly third current collector 93, and is corresponding install the third collecting brush with third current collector 93 sliding connection's third collecting brush with the position that third current collector 93 corresponds on the casing. The signal lines of the first electromagnet 301 on the first suction pad 3 are connected to the third current collector 93 through the fourth threading hole 52, the third threading hole 51 and the fifth threading hole 53 in sequence.

In the process of rotating the first suction cup 3, the third current collector 93 and the third current collector brush slide with each other to generate a third voltage, and the first electromagnet 301 on the first suction cup 3 is powered by the third voltage.

In this embodiment, the polarity of the corresponding electromagnet can be changed by changing the flow direction of current on the electromagnetic coils of the plurality of electromagnets. The polarity of the corresponding electromagnet can be changed by changing the positive and negative poles of the voltage connected to the corresponding electromagnetic coil.

Since the current collector is charged when it is in operation, it must be sealed to prevent the current collector from being soaked in the lubricating oil. In one embodiment, a first bearing 201 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 11, the first current collector 91 is disposed on a side of the first bearing 201 away from the connecting portion 12, a first oil seal 401 is disposed on a side of the first current collector 91 close to the connecting portion 12, and the rotating shaft 11 is sleeved with the first oil seal 401. The connecting shaft 1 is rotatably connected with the shell of the gearbox through the first bearing 201, the part of the shell of the gearbox, which extends out of the rotating shaft 11, is sealed through the first oil seal 401, and the first current collector 91 is completely positioned outside the shell of the gearbox, so that the first current collector 91 isolates lubricating oil and prevents electric leakage.

A second oil seal 402 and a third oil seal 403 are arranged on two sides of the second current collector 92, a second sealed space is formed by the second oil seal 402, the third oil seal 403 and the shell of the gearbox, and the second current collector 92 is completely arranged in the second sealed space, so that the second current collector 92 isolates lubricating oil and prevents electric leakage.

One side of the third current collector 93 close to the second suction cup 4 is provided with a fourth oil seal 404, the position of the casing of the transmission case, which extends out of the first rotating shaft 5, is sealed through the fourth oil seal 404, and the third current collector 93 is completely arranged outside the casing of the transmission case, so that the third current collector 93 isolates lubricating oil and prevents electric leakage.

In one embodiment, the threading holes formed in the side walls of the connecting shaft 1, the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6 are provided with plugs matched with the threading holes, the plugs are provided with holes for penetrating corresponding signal lines, the corresponding threading holes are sealed through the plugs, and therefore lubricating oil is prevented from entering the first sealing space, the second sealing space or the third sealing space, and the current collector is effectively prevented from leaking electricity.

The arrangement of the bearings ensures that the first rotating shaft 5, the second rotating shaft 6 and the third rotating shaft 104 can normally rotate relative to the shell of the gearbox, and the arrangement of the oil seals prevents oil leakage. The bearings employed in this embodiment may be positioned by a shoulder or bushing.

In this embodiment, all be equipped with the clearance between main sucking disc 2 and first sucking disc 3, the second sucking disc 4, guarantee that first sucking disc 3 and second sucking disc 4 can rotate for main sucking disc 2 respectively.

The first return spring 73, the second return spring 83, the first stopper plate 74, and the second stopper plate 84 are made of a material that cannot be magnetized. The magnetic clutch can prevent the above parts from being magnetized and influencing the operation of the electromagnetic clutch.

The electromagnetic clutch in the embodiment is locked through a mechanical structure, and is simple in structure, low in processing cost, good in energy-saving effect, stable in gear shifting and capable of avoiding friction between two adjacent suckers. And the corresponding locking electromagnet is adopted to enable the electromagnetic clutch to be in a working gear, so that resources are saved.

The embodiment also provides a gearbox which comprises the electromagnetic clutch.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 6, the transmission case further includes a speed change structure, in this embodiment, the speed change structure is a two-stage speed change structure, and the two-stage speed change structure includes a first gear 100 disposed at an end of the second rotating shaft 6 far away from the second suction cup 4 and fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 6, a second gear 101 engaged with the first gear 100, a third rotating shaft 104 disposed along a central axis of the second gear 101 and penetrating through the second gear 101, a fourth gear 103 disposed on the third rotating shaft 104, and a third gear 102 engaged with the fourth gear 103 and connected to the first rotating shaft 5. The second gear 101, the fourth gear 103 and the third rotating shaft 104 are all connected through keys, the third gear 102 is connected with the first rotating shaft 5 through keys, and the first gear 100 is connected with the second rotating shaft 6 through keys.

The gears in the above embodiments may be positioned using a sleeve and a shoulder.

According to the meshing relation among the gears, when the electromagnetic clutch is in a first gear state, the first rotating shaft 5 drives the third rotating shaft 104 and the second rotating shaft 6 to rotate and output through the third rotating shaft 104, and when the electromagnetic clutch is in a second gear state, the second rotating shaft 6 drives the third rotating shaft 104 and the first rotating shaft 5 to rotate and output through the third rotating shaft 104, so that two-stage output of the gearbox is achieved.

The shift structure in the present embodiment may also be a multi-stage shift structure having 3 stages or more.

In this embodiment, the transmission structure is a two-stage transmission structure, and has four operating gears, a neutral gear, a first gear, a second gear, and a reverse gear.

The connecting shaft 1 rotates to drive the main sucker 2 to rotate, at the moment, the electromagnet assembly 300 is not electrified, the first sucker 3 and the second sucker 4 do not rotate, and at the moment, the gearbox is in a neutral gear state.

When the neutral gear is switched to the first gear, as the attraction force and the repulsion force which are continuously and alternately changed are generated between the first sucker 3 and the main sucker 2, the first sucker 3 continuously rotates along with the main sucker 2, and in order to ensure the smoothness of gear shifting, the current on the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the current on the coil of the second electromagnet 302 are controlled to be gradually increased from small to large, so that the rotating speed of the first sucker 3 is gradually increased.

When the rotation speeds of the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 are the same and attraction force is generated between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2, the first locking electromagnet 72 is electrified and generates attraction force for attracting the first positioning plate 712, under the action of the attraction force, the first positioning column 711 moves from the first position to the second position, the first return spring 73 is further compressed, the first suction cup 3 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2 and cannot relatively rotate between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2, and at the moment, the electromagnetic clutch is kept in a first-gear working state.

When the neutral gear is shifted to the first gear, the first locking assembly 7 is activated only when the rotation speeds of the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 are the same and the attraction force is generated between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2, that is, the current on the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the current on the coil of the second electromagnet 302 are both maximized.

Before the two conditions are met, because the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 rotate relatively, namely, slip phenomenon exists, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 do magnetic induction line cutting motion, and reverse current can be generated in the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the coil of the second electromagnet 302, so that whether the slip phenomenon occurs in the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 can be judged by detecting whether the reverse current is generated in the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the coil of the second electromagnet 302.

Therefore, when the current on the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the current on the coil of the second electromagnet 302 are detected to be maximum or no slipping phenomenon occurs within a preset time, when the first locking assembly 7 is locked and gear shifting is not needed, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 can be powered off, electric resources are saved, and the transmission is kept in a first-gear working state by means of attraction force generated by the first locking electromagnet 72 and the first positioning plate 712 during working.

When the first gear is switched to the second gear, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are electrified and control the current on the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the current on the coil of the second electromagnet 302 to be maximum. First, the current direction of the coil of the first locking electromagnet 72 is changed, so that the first locking electromagnet 72 generates a repulsive force with the first positioning plate 71, and under the action of the repulsive force and the first return spring 73, the first positioning column 711 is quickly separated from the corresponding first positioning hole 31, and is restored from the second position to the first position.

The first electromagnet 301, the second electromagnet 302 and the first locking electromagnet 72 are powered off, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are powered on, and the second sucker 4 continuously rotates along with the main sucker 2 due to the attraction force and the repulsion force which are continuously and alternately changed between the second sucker 4 and the main sucker 2, so that the current on the coil of the third electromagnet 303 and the current on the coil of the fourth electromagnet 304 are controlled to be gradually increased from small to large to ensure the smoothness of gear shifting, and the rotating speed of the second sucker 4 is gradually increased.

When the rotation speeds of the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 are the same and the attraction force is generated between the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2, the second locking electromagnet 82 is electrified and generates the attraction force for attracting the second positioning plate 812, under the action of the attraction force, the second positioning column 811 moves from the third position to the fourth position, the second suction cup 4 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2 and cannot rotate relatively therebetween, and at this time, the transmission case is kept in the second-gear working state.

When the first gear is switched to the second gear, the second locking assembly 8 is activated only when the rotation speeds of the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 are the same and the attraction force is generated between the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2, that is, the current of the coil of the third electromagnet 303 and the current of the coil of the fourth electromagnet 304 are both maximized, because the following two conditions need to be satisfied.

Before the above two conditions are met, because the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 rotate relatively, that is, slip occurs, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 perform magnetic induction line cutting motion, which may cause the coil of the third electromagnet 303 and the coil of the fourth electromagnet 304 to generate reverse current, and therefore, whether the slip occurs in the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 may be determined by detecting whether the reverse current is generated in the coil of the third electromagnet 303 and the coil of the fourth electromagnet 304. Therefore, when the current on the coil of the third electromagnet 303 and the current on the coil of the fourth electromagnet 304 are detected to be maximum or no slipping phenomenon occurs within a preset time, when the second locking assembly 8 is locked and gear shifting is not needed, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 can be powered off, so that the electric resource is saved, and the transmission is kept in a two-gear working state by virtue of the attraction force generated by the second locking electromagnet 82 and the second positioning column 811 during working.

The process of switching from the first gear to the second gear is applicable to the condition of slow gear shifting. If sudden and rapid acceleration is encountered, the current of the coil of the first electromagnet 301 and the current of the coil of the second electromagnet 302 are suddenly increased to the maximum, so as to quickly meet the shifting condition for shifting, and the other procedures are the same as the procedures for switching from the first gear to the second gear.

In order to save electrical resources, after the gearbox is kept in the first gear operating state, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 can be de-energized, and the first suction cup 3 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2 and cannot rotate relative to the main suction cup 2 through the first locking electromagnet 72. After the electromagnetic clutch is kept in the second gear state, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 can be de-energized, and the second suction cup 4 is fixed relative to the main suction cup 2 and cannot rotate relative to the main suction cup 2 through the second locking electromagnet 82.

According to the working process of the gearbox, when the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are in the energized state, the first suction disc 3 drives the first rotating shaft 5 to rotate, and at this time, the first rotating shaft 5 drives the third rotating shaft 104 and the second rotating shaft 6 to rotate. In order to avoid the interference between the first rotating shaft 5 and the second rotating shaft 6, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are required to be in the power-off state.

Accordingly, when the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are in the energized state, the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are in the de-energized state.

When reverse current is generated, the coil of the corresponding electromagnet can be cooled through lubricating oil, and the corresponding electromagnet can work normally.

The reverse gear is the same as the first gear in structure, and the rotation direction of the connecting shaft 1 driven by the driving structure is changed only to enable the rotation direction of the connecting shaft 1 to be opposite to the rotation direction of the connecting shaft 1 in the first gear.

When the gearbox adopting the two-stage speed change structure is applied to the electric vehicle, the motor is used as a driving device of the gearbox, and the electric vehicle does not rotate when not running, so that the first sucker 3 and the main sucker 2 can be locked through the first positioning disc 71 after the electric vehicle is electrified, namely, a gear is engaged. Because this embodiment makes first sucking disc 3 and main sucking disc 2 locking through mechanical structure, consequently the gearbox can bear bigger torsion, more is favorable to the starting and the acceleration of electric motor car, and traditional hydraulic transmission is the locking mode of friction plate formula, has the risk of skidding, is unfavorable for the rapid acceleration of electric motor car.

The volume of a plurality of electromagnets and the diameter of the sucking disc are controlled, so that the change of the torque output bearing value can be realized.

The gearbox can be applied to a fuel automobile and is not connected to a hydraulic pump of an engine of the fuel automobile, the power performance and the fuel economy of the fuel automobile can be improved, and the vehicle cost and the vehicle body weight are reduced.

When the fuel automobile is idling, due to the fact that the electromagnetic clutch is in an idling state, the second electromagnet 302 and the third electromagnet 303 rotate relative to the first electromagnet 301 of the first suction cup 3 and the fourth electromagnet 304 of the second suction cup 4, and a voltage is generated by a coil of the first electromagnet 301 and a coil of the fourth electromagnet 304, so that energy can be recovered and stored through the voltage.

In the process of the rotation of the main suction cup 2, the second electromagnet 302 and the first electromagnet 301 are also electrified, if the polarity of the first electromagnet 302 or the first electromagnet 301 is continuously changed by changing the current flowing direction, so that the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 5 is continuously increased, at this moment, the first rotating shaft 5 serves as an output shaft, and the electromagnetic clutch can serve as a direct current motor in the embodiment.

In the process of rotating the main suction cup 2, the third electromagnet 303 and the fourth electromagnet 304 are powered on, if the polarity of the third electromagnet 303 or the fourth electromagnet 304 is continuously changed by changing the current flowing direction, so that the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 6 is continuously increased, and at this time, the second rotating shaft 6 is used as an output shaft, and the electromagnetic clutch can be used as a direct current motor in this embodiment.

When the automobile operates in a first gear or a second gear, one of the first suction cup 3 and the second suction cup 4 always has a rotation speed difference with the main suction cup 2, and due to the rotation speed difference, the cutting magnetic induction line moves to generate current, so that the rotation speed difference can be utilized to generate electricity.

The transmission in the above embodiment may also be applied to a hybrid vehicle.

Example two

The present embodiment is based on the above-described embodiments. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the connecting shaft 1, the first locking member 7 and the second locking member 8 have different structures.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the connecting shaft 1 includes a rotating portion 110 capable of receiving external power and rotating, and a connecting cylinder 120 fixedly disposed on one side of the rotating portion 110 and having a blind hole structure. The connecting cylinder 120 is provided with at least one first locking member 7 for securing the first suction plate 3 relative to the main suction plate 2 and at least one second locking member 8 for securing the second suction plate 4 relative to the main suction plate 2.

Optionally, a fixing block 1201 is disposed on a position of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 120 corresponding to the positioning slot 24 on the main suction cup 2, and the fixing block 1201 is inserted into the corresponding positioning slot 24 and fixed in the positioning slot 24 by a screw, so that the main suction cup 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 1.

Optionally, the first locking assembly 7 includes a first positioning member 720 capable of reciprocating in a first position and a second position along a radial direction of the main suction cup 2, a first positioning electromagnet 740 for driving the first positioning member 720 to reciprocate, and a first positioning spring 730 for driving the first positioning member 720 to move and placing the first positioning member 720 in the first position. One end of the first positioning member 720, which is far away from the first suction cup 3, is a permanent magnet, and when the first positioning member 720 is arranged at the first position, the first positioning spring 730 is in a reset state, and at this time, the compression amount of the first positioning spring 730 is small.

As shown in fig. 7, a first mounting groove 1202 may be formed on an outer wall of the connecting cylinder 120, wherein a first through hole is formed through the first mounting groove 1202. The first positioning member 720 may include a first positioning plate 7201, and a first positioning block 7202 connected to the first positioning plate 7201 and pointing to the side of the first suction cup 3, wherein at least two first positioning grooves 310 matched with the first positioning block 7202 are formed on the outer wall of the first suction cup 3 along the circumferential direction thereof. Optionally, the first positioning plate 7201 is a permanent magnet.

Optionally, the first positioning spring 730 is provided with two and distributed at two sides of the first positioning block 7202, and is clamped between the first positioning plate 7201 and the first positioning electromagnet 740. A first baffle 710 is arranged on one side of the first positioning member 720, which is far away from the first positioning electromagnet 740, and the first positioning member 720, the first positioning spring 730 and the first positioning electromagnet 740 are installed in the first installation groove 1202 through the first baffle 710. A second through hole is formed in the first positioning electromagnet 740 at a position corresponding to the first positioning block 7202, and the first through hole and the second through hole are correspondingly formed.

In an embodiment, the first blocking plate 710, the first positioning electromagnet 740, the first positioning spring 730 and the first positioning plate 7201 are all configured to have an arc structure matching with the first mounting groove 1202. The above components are all installed in the first installation groove 1202, and the outer wall of the first baffle 710 is connected with the outer wall of the connection cylinder 120.

Under the circumstances that first positioning electro-magnet 740 is not electrified, through first positioning spring 730 can make first locating plate 7201 support and press in first baffle 710, and at this moment, first locating piece 7202 passes behind the second through-hole and stretches into in the first through-hole.

In the above embodiment, the first position refers to a position where the first positioning slider 7202 is located after the first positioning slider 7202 is separated from the first positioning groove 310; the second position refers to a position where the first positioning slider 7202 is located in the first positioning chute 310 and the first positioning slider 7202 is located.

The locking and unlocking process between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 is as follows.

After the first electromagnet 301 and the second electromagnet 302 are energized, when the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 do not rotate relatively, the first positioning electromagnet 740 is energized to generate a force for attracting the first positioning plate 7201, and the first positioning plate 7201 drives the first positioning block 7202 to move towards the first suction cup 3 under the action of the attraction force, so that the first positioning block 7202 sequentially penetrates through the second through hole and the first through hole and is inserted into the corresponding first positioning groove 310 on the first suction cup 3. During this process the first positioning spring 730 is further compressed, achieving a locking between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2. The current direction on the coil of the first positioning electromagnet 740 is changed, so that the first positioning electromagnet 740 generates a repulsive force repelling the first positioning plate 7201, under the action of the repulsive force and the first positioning spring 730, the first positioning block 7202 is separated from the first positioning groove 310 and is placed in the first through hole, and the first positioning plate 7201 is pressed against the first baffle 710, so that the first suction cup 3 can rotate relative to the main suction cup 2, and the unlocking between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 is realized.

Optionally, the second locking assembly 8 includes a second positioning element 820 capable of reciprocating in a third position and a fourth position along a radial direction of the main suction cup 2, a second positioning electromagnet 840 for driving the second positioning element 820 to reciprocate, and a second positioning spring 830 for driving the second positioning element 820 to move and enabling the second positioning element 820 to be disposed in the third position, wherein one end of the second positioning element 820 far away from the second suction cup 4 is a permanent magnet, and when the second positioning element 820 is disposed in the third position, the second positioning spring 830 is in a reset state, and at this time, a compression amount of the second positioning spring 830 is small.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, a second mounting groove 1203 is disposed on an outer wall of the connecting cylinder 120, and a third through hole is disposed in the second mounting groove 1203 in a penetrating manner. The second positioning element 820 may include a second positioning plate 8201, and a second positioning block 8202 connected to the second positioning plate 8201 and pointing to the side of the second suction cup 4, wherein at least one second positioning groove 410 adapted to the second positioning block 8202 is formed in the outer wall of the second suction cup 4 along the circumferential direction thereof. Wherein the second positioning plate 8201 is a permanent magnet.

Optionally, the second positioning springs 830 are disposed at two sides of the second positioning block 8202 and are sandwiched between the second positioning plate 8201 and the second positioning electromagnet 840. A second baffle 810 is disposed on a side of the second positioning member 820 away from the second positioning electromagnet 840, and the second positioning member 820, the second positioning spring 830 and the second positioning electromagnet 840 are mounted in the second mounting groove 1203 through the second baffle 810. A fourth through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the second positioning block 8202, of the second positioning electromagnet 840, and the third through hole and the fourth through hole are correspondingly formed.

In one embodiment, the second baffle 810, the second positioning electromagnet 840, the second positioning spring 830 and the second positioning plate 8201 are all arc-shaped structures matched with the second mounting groove 1203, and the above components are all mounted in the second mounting groove 1203, and the outer wall of the second baffle 810 is connected with the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 120.

Under the condition that second location electro-magnet 840 is not electrified, through second location spring 830 can make second location plate 8201 support and press in second baffle 810, and at this moment, second locating piece 8202 passes behind the fourth through-hole and stretches into in the third through-hole.

In an embodiment, the third position refers to a position where the second positioning slider 8202 is located after the second positioning slider 8202 is separated from the second positioning slot 410; the fourth position refers to a position where the second positioning slider 8202 is located in the second positioning chute 410 and the second positioning slider 8202 is located.

The process of locking and unlocking the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 to each other is as follows.

Third electro-magnet 303 and fourth electro-magnet 304 circular telegram back when second sucking disc 4 does not have relative rotation with main sucking disc 2, second location electro-magnet 840 circular telegram and production attract the power of second location plate 8201 will drive under the effect of attraction second locating piece 8202 is to the motion of second sucking disc 4 direction for second locating piece 8202 runs through in proper order fourth through hole, third through hole and insert in the corresponding second constant head tank 410 on second sucking disc 4. During which the second positioning spring 830 is continuously compressed, achieving a locking between the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2. The current direction on the coil of the second positioning electromagnet 840 is changed, so that the second positioning electromagnet 840 generates a repulsive force repelling the second positioning plate 8201, the second positioning block 8202 is separated from the second positioning groove 410 and is placed in the third through hole under the action of the repulsive force and the second positioning spring 830, and the second positioning plate 8201 is pressed against the second baffle 810, so that the second suction cup 4 can rotate relative to the main suction cup 2, and the unlocking between the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 is realized.

In one embodiment, the number of the first positioning grooves 310 is a multiple of the number of the first locking elements 7, the number of the second positioning grooves 410 is a multiple of the number of the second locking elements 8, and the number of the first locking elements 7 is equal to the number of the second locking elements 8. Optionally, two first locking assemblies 7 and two second locking assemblies 8 are provided, and the two first locking assemblies 7 and the two second locking assemblies 8 are respectively and symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction of the connecting cylinder 120.

Optionally, the first positioning groove 310 is located between two adjacent first electromagnets 301, and an included angle between each first positioning groove 310 and two adjacent first electromagnets 301 is the same. Each second positioning slot 410 is located between two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304, and an included angle between each second positioning slot 410 and two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304 is the same.

For dynamic balancing, the first locking member 7 and the second locking member 8 are symmetrically arranged. Optionally, an included angle between each first positioning groove 310 and two adjacent first electromagnets 301 is the same as an included angle between each second positioning groove 410 and two adjacent fourth electromagnets 304.

EXAMPLE III

The present embodiment is based on the second embodiment.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in order to ensure that the first suction plate 3 and the second suction plate 4 are rotatable with respect to the main suction plate 1, and can withstand a large suction force and are not easily deformed, a thrust bearing may be installed between the first suction plate 3 and the main suction plate 2 and between the second suction plate 4 and the main suction plate 2.

Optionally, a first sliding groove 210 is disposed on a side of the main suction cup 2 opposite to the first suction cup 3, a third sliding groove 320 is disposed at a position of the side of the first suction cup 3 opposite to the main suction cup 2 corresponding to the first sliding groove 210, a first rolling body 500 interposed between the first sliding groove 210 and the third sliding groove 320 is disposed between the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2, and the first sliding groove 210, the first rolling body 500, and the third sliding groove 320 form a first thrust bearing.

The main suction cup 2 is provided with a second chute 220 on one side opposite to the second suction cup 4, a fourth chute 420 is arranged at a position corresponding to the second chute 220 on one side opposite to the main suction cup 2 of the second suction cup 4, a second rolling body 600 clamped between the second chute 220 and the fourth chute 420 is arranged between the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2, and the second chute 220, the second rolling body 600 and the fourth chute 420 form a second thrust bearing.

By arranging the first rolling element 500 and the second rolling element 600, a gap is formed between the opposite end faces of the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2, and a gap is also formed between the opposite end faces of the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2. When the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 and the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2 rotate relatively, no friction occurs between the opposite end surfaces of the first suction cup 3 and the main suction cup 2 and between the opposite end surfaces of the second suction cup 4 and the main suction cup 2.

The first rolling element 500 and the second rolling element 600 described in the present embodiment are ball portions in a thrust bearing. In the electromagnetic clutch according to the first embodiment, the first rolling element and the second rolling element in the above embodiment may be provided, and the mounting positions of the rolling elements may be the same as those of the first rolling element and the second rolling element in the above embodiment.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch comprises a main sucker (2), a first sucker (3), a second sucker (4), an electromagnet assembly (300), a first locking assembly (7) and a second locking assembly (8), wherein,

the main sucker (2) is configured to receive external power through the connecting shaft (1) and rotate;

the first sucker (3) and the second sucker (4) are respectively positioned at two sides of the main sucker (2), a gap is formed between the first sucker (3) and the main sucker (2), the first sucker (3) and the second sucker (4) are respectively configured to rotate relative to the main sucker (2), and power is output through the first rotating shaft (5) and the second rotating shaft (6);

when the electromagnet assembly (300) generates a first magnetic field, the first sucker (3) rotates along with the main sucker (2), and when the electromagnet assembly (300) generates a second magnetic field, the second sucker (4) rotates along with the main sucker (2);

the first locking component (7) is configured to reciprocate along the main sucker (2) to a first position and a second position, when the first locking component (7) is positioned at the first position, the first sucker (3) rotates relative to the main sucker (2), and when the first locking component (7) is positioned at the second position, the first sucker (3) is fixed relative to the main sucker (2); and

the second locking assembly (8) is configured to reciprocate along the main sucker (2) to a third position and a fourth position, when the second locking assembly (8) is positioned at the third position, the second sucker (4) rotates relative to the main sucker (2), and when the second locking assembly (8) is positioned at the fourth position, the second sucker (4) is fixed relative to the main sucker (2);

the connecting shaft (1) comprises a rotating part (110) which is configured to receive external power and rotate, and a connecting cylinder (120) which is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating part (110) and is of a blind hole structure, wherein at least one first locking component (7) which enables the first sucker (3) to be fixed relative to the main sucker (2) and at least one second locking component (8) which enables the second sucker (4) to be fixed relative to the main sucker (2) are arranged on the connecting cylinder (120);

the first locking component (7) comprises a first positioning piece (720) which is configured to reciprocate at a first position and a second position along the radial direction of the main suction cup (2), a first positioning electromagnet (740) which drives the first positioning piece (720) to reciprocate, and a first positioning spring (730) which drives the first positioning piece (720) to move and enables the first positioning piece (720) to be placed at the first position; one end, far away from the first sucker (3), of the first positioning piece (720) is a permanent magnet, and when the first positioning piece (720) is arranged at the first position, the first positioning spring (730) is in a reset state.

2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnet assembly (300) includes at least two first electromagnets (301) disposed on the end surface of the first suction cup (3) opposite to the main suction cup (2) and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first suction cup (3), a second electromagnet (302) disposed on the main suction cup (2) at a position corresponding to the first electromagnet (301), at least two third electromagnets (303) disposed on the end surface of the main suction cup (2) opposite to the second suction cup (4) and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main suction cup (2), and a fourth electromagnet (304) disposed on the second suction cup (4) at a position corresponding to the third electromagnets (303).

3. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the main suction cup (2) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (1);

the first end of the first rotating shaft (5) is rotatably connected with the connecting shaft (1), the second end of the first rotating shaft (5) sequentially penetrates through the first sucker (3), the main sucker (2) and the second sucker (4), and the first rotating shaft (5) is fixedly connected with the first sucker (3) and rotatably connected with the main sucker (2);

the second rotating shaft (6) is arranged on one side, away from the first sucking disc (3), of the main sucking disc (2), the second rotating shaft (6) is sleeved outside the first rotating shaft (5) and is rotatably connected with the first rotating shaft (5), and the second sucking disc (4) is sleeved outside the second rotating shaft (6) and is fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft (6).

4. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the first locking assembly (7) includes a first positioning disk (71) configured to reciprocate in a first position and a second position in an axial direction of the main suction cup (2), a first locking electromagnet (72) driving the first positioning disk (71) to reciprocate, and a first return spring (73) driving the first positioning disk (71) to move and placing the first positioning disk (71) in the first position; one end of the first positioning disc (71) close to the second sucker (4) is a permanent magnet, and when the first positioning disc (71) is arranged at the first position, the first return spring (73) is in a return state.

5. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 4, wherein the second locking assembly (8) includes a second positioning plate (81) configured to reciprocate in a third position and a fourth position in an axial direction of the main chuck (2), a second locking electromagnet (82) driving the second positioning plate (81) to reciprocate, and a second return spring (83) driving the second positioning plate (81) to move and placing the second positioning plate (81) in the third position; one end, close to the first sucker (3), of the second positioning plate (81) is a permanent magnet, and when the second positioning plate (81) is arranged at the third position, the second return spring (83) is in a reset state.

6. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 5, wherein the first positioning disk (71) comprises a first positioning plate (712), and at least two first positioning posts (711) connected to one side of the first positioning plate (712) and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first positioning plate (712), and the first suction cup (3) is provided with first positioning holes (31) matched with the first positioning posts (711);

the second positioning plate (81) comprises a second positioning plate (812) and at least two second positioning columns (811) which are connected to one side of the second positioning plate (812) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the second positioning plate (812); and a second positioning hole (41) matched with the second positioning column (811) is formed in the second sucker (4).

7. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 6, wherein the first suction cup (3), the second suction cup (4), the main suction cup (2), the first positioning post (711) and the second positioning post (811) are all made of a material that cannot be magnetized.

8. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, wherein a first current collector (91) for supplying power to the second electromagnet (302), the third electromagnet (303), the first locking electromagnet (72) and the second locking electromagnet (82) is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft (1), a second current collector (92) for supplying power to the fourth electromagnet (304) is fixedly arranged on the second rotating shaft (6), and a third current collector (93) for supplying power to the first electromagnet (301) is fixedly arranged on the first rotating shaft (5).

9. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, wherein the first electromagnets (301) are provided with at least two first suction cups (3) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first suction cups, and the polarities of the first electromagnets (301) are opposite; and the polarities of two adjacent second electromagnets (302) are opposite;

the third electromagnets (303) are at least two and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the main sucker (2), and the polarities of the adjacent two third electromagnets (303) are opposite; the polarities of the adjacent fourth electromagnets (304) are opposite;

the first electromagnet (301) and the second electromagnet (302) are the same in size and shape, and the third electromagnet (303) and the fourth electromagnet (304) are the same in size and shape.

10. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the second locking assembly (8) includes a second positioning member (820) configured to reciprocate in a radial direction of the main suction cup (2) at a third position and a fourth position, a second positioning electromagnet (840) driving the second positioning member (820) to reciprocate, and a second positioning spring (830) driving the second positioning member (820) to move and placing the second positioning member (820) at the third position; one end, far away from the second sucker (4), of the second positioning piece (820) is a permanent magnet, and when the second positioning piece (820) is arranged at the third position, the second positioning spring (830) is in a reset state.

11. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 10, wherein the first positioning member (720) comprises a first positioning plate member (7201) made of a permanent magnet, and a first positioning block (7202) connected to the first positioning plate member (7201) and pointing to the side of the first suction cup (3), wherein at least two first positioning grooves (310) matched with the first positioning block (7202) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first suction cup (3) along the circumferential direction;

the second positioning piece (820) comprises a second positioning plate (8201) made of a permanent magnet and a second positioning block (8202) connected to the side, where the second positioning plate (8201) points to the second sucker (4), of the second positioning piece, and at least two second positioning grooves (410) matched with the second positioning blocks (8202) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the second sucker (4).

12. The electromagnetic clutch according to any of the claims from 1 to 11, wherein thrust bearings are interposed between the main suction cup (2) and the first suction cup (3) and between the main suction cup (2) and the second suction cup (4).

13. A gearbox comprising an electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 12.