CN111431232B - Retired battery module adopting flexible connection protection - Google Patents
Retired battery module adopting flexible connection protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111431232B CN111431232B CN202010248018.9A CN202010248018A CN111431232B CN 111431232 B CN111431232 B CN 111431232B CN 202010248018 A CN202010248018 A CN 202010248018A CN 111431232 B CN111431232 B CN 111431232B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a retired battery module adopting flexible connection protection, which is used for realizing the grouping of differentiated retired battery modules and realizing the utilization of gradient batteries. The battery module flexible connection module is provided with an execution and monitoring unit, and can detect the voltage and the temperature of the battery and the module and upload the voltage and the temperature. In the process of charging and discharging the battery, when the battery voltage exceeds the normal working voltage range of the battery, the battery is withdrawn, the battery is protected, and meanwhile, the differentiated retired battery modules are grouped and the gradient battery utilization is realized through the uniform charging control function. The invention also relates to a battery pack which is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of battery modules in series by utilizing the battery module flexible connecting device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy, in particular to a retired battery module adopting flexible connection protection.
Background
According to the development planning of the electric automobile, the production capacity of the pure electric automobile and the plug-in hybrid electric automobile reaches 200 ten thousand by 2020, and the accumulated sales quantity exceeds 500 ten thousand. These electric vehicles will produce a large number of retired power cells. Although the retired battery is not suitable for the electric automobile, the retired battery still has the energy storage with the rated capacity of about 80 percent, can be applied to other fields, and can cause serious energy waste if the retired battery is directly abandoned. Therefore, in order to fully utilize the value of the power battery and save social resources, the retired power battery needs to be utilized in a gradient.
Battery grouping technology, whether new or retired, is critical for power cell scale applications. When the power battery assembly of the electric automobile or the energy storage device is built, a plurality of single battery cells are fixed in series-parallel connection through a welding mode to form a battery module, and then the plurality of battery modules are connected and fixed in series-parallel connection through conductors to form the whole battery assembly. Although the capacity and voltage level defined for the battery module are different from one manufacturer to another and it is possible to define a multi-layered battery module, the battery module is generally understood to be a basic unit constituting a battery, which is easily physically separated from the battery. Typically, the battery module has a voltage level of several tens of volts and a capacity of several hundred ampere hours.
The primary factor affecting the economics of the echelon utilization of retired power cells is the degree of disassembly of the cell assembly (battery pack). According to the existing production practice, if the battery packs which are welded into a whole in the retired power battery are disassembled into single battery cells one by one, then screening, matching and reorganizing are carried out, and the recovery cost is close to that of purchasing new batteries due to the complex process, so that the echelon utilization of the technical route is uneconomical and scientific. But if after simple dismantling of the connection conductors, flexible grouping of battery modules is a reasonable way of retired power battery ladder utilization. Therefore, aiming at the inconsistency of the battery modules, flexible grouping connection is carried out, so that the key problem of the echelon utilization of the retired power battery is solved.
In the use of power batteries in groups, it is necessary to solve the problem of differentiated management due to the inconsistency of the battery modules. During use of the battery, the consistency of the battery is continually degraded over time, and is dependent on a number of factors, including: consistency of production, use environment, charge and discharge intensity, instant discharge and the like. Especially for retired batteries, because of the difference of materials, processes and transportation working conditions, the problems of increased pressure difference among groups of batteries, serious heating of single-group batteries and the like are often caused, flexible connection is needed, and the normal operation of the whole battery pack is ensured by uniformly controlling and protecting means.
In summary, the above solutions have problems of high cost, complex circuit structure, lack of overvoltage and overcurrent protection functions, or lack of uniform charge control. Therefore, there is a need for a flexible connection protection device with low cost, simple circuit structure, low cost, overvoltage and overcurrent protection and balance control functions, so as to realize differential retired battery module groups and gradient battery utilization.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a battery module flexible connection protection device which can realize overvoltage and overcurrent protection simultaneously and has a uniform charging control function, thereby realizing differential retired battery module grouping and gradient battery utilization.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a retired battery module flexible connection module, comprising: a charge-discharge switch (K1), a charge diode (D1), a bypass switch (K2), a bypass diode (D2) and a monitoring control unit;
wherein,
The charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) should be mechanically or logically interlocked;
One end of the charge-discharge switch (K1) is connected with the "+" of the battery interface, and the other end of the charge-discharge switch is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, so that charge and discharge of the battery module are realized;
One end of the bypass switch (K2) is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, and the other end of the bypass switch is connected with the "-" of the charge-discharge interface, so that the bypass of the battery module is realized;
the anode of the charging diode (D1) is connected with "+" of the charging and discharging interface, and the cathode is connected with "-" of the battery interface, so that the follow current during the action of the charging and discharging switch (K1) and the blocking during the bypass of the battery module are realized;
The cathode of the bypass diode (D2) is connected with "+" of the charge-discharge interface, the anode is connected with "-" of the charge-discharge interface, and the overall circuit function is realized only through four switching elements by realizing the follow current and the blocking of the battery module from the bypass state to the access state when the bypass switch (K2) acts, so that the redundant design is avoided, and the circuit response is more sensitive and the cost is lower.
Meanwhile, the application also provides a retired battery module adopting flexible connection protection, which comprises: the method comprises the steps that a plurality of groups of retired battery modules and a master control device which are connected in series through flexible connection devices are adopted, the master control device is used for collecting voltage, current and temperature information of the plurality of groups of retired battery modules, centralized control of single retired battery modules is achieved, so that over-current and over-voltage are avoided, uniform charging is achieved, in a charging state, normal charging is started, the master control device detects whether the pressure difference between single retired battery modules in a low-voltage area is smaller than a set threshold value, when the detection result is negative, the master control device controls a means for starting a down-pressing area to charge uniformly, at the moment, single voltage of the retired battery modules is lower, the set uniform starting threshold value is larger, and therefore the single voltage value of the retired battery modules is charged to a higher voltage rapidly, and the whole charging time is shortened;
And if the search result is negative, starting a charging uniform means of the upper voltage area, continuing to charge until the detection result is positive, further directly detecting whether the single voltage of the retired battery module is greater than an overcharge threshold value, and if so, completing charging of the retired battery module.
The ① th port of the monitoring control unit in the single retired battery module is connected with a voltage and temperature acquisition interface of the battery module, the ② th port is an external communication interface, and the ③ th port controls actions of a charge-discharge switch (K1) and a bypass switch (K2);
the input of the monitoring control unit is the voltage and the temperature of the battery module;
The output of the monitoring control unit is control and power driving signals of a charge-discharge switch (K1) and a bypass switch (K2). The communication interface of the monitoring control unit is responsible for an external communication interface;
the monitoring control unit is used for monitoring the voltage and the temperature of the battery module, controlling the actions of the charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) and being responsible for external communication.
Preferably, the charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) are magnetic latching relays;
The charging diode (D1) and the bypass diode (D2) are power diodes;
the monitoring control unit is realized based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit.
Further, the monitoring control unit is realized based on a digital processing chip.
Wherein, battery module flexonics module has following operating condition:
charge and discharge state: the charge-discharge switch (K1) is closed, and other switches are opened;
bypass state: the bypass switch (K2) is closed, and other switches are opened;
Further, the monitoring control unit includes the following functions:
The battery voltage and temperature are collected and uploaded, and a battery management system BMS of the upper computer is used for estimating the SOC and SOH of the battery, and judging the threshold value of the battery voltage;
Communication chips such as RS485 or CAN are adopted for realizing communication with the upper control and BMS;
The control signal is converted into a driving signal with certain power to drive the charge-discharge switch (K1) or the bypass switch (K2) to act.
When the monitoring control unit receives the bypass command, the monitoring control unit sends the bypass command, executes the process of switching from the charge state to the bypass state, and withdraws the battery; and after receiving the battery access command, the monitoring control unit sends out the access command, executes the process of switching from the bypass state to the charge and discharge state, and accesses the battery.
In a second aspect, the application provides a battery pack, which comprises a plurality of battery modules, a plurality of battery module flexible connection modules and a DC/AC bidirectional converter, wherein the battery modules are sequentially connected in series through the battery module flexible connection modules, and the output of a battery module combination obtained after the series connection is converted into commercial power through the DC/AC bidirectional converter.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the technical effects that:
(1) The circuit has simple structure, realizes the whole function of the circuit by only four switching elements, avoids redundant design, and ensures that the circuit has more sensitive response and lower cost; for the single retired battery module, the flexible connection of the battery module is realized by controlling the conversion between the exit bypass and the access (charge-discharge) state, so that the battery module can be replaced in the state that the whole machine is not stopped;
(2) The invention realizes the overcurrent and overvoltage protection of the battery module by controlling the bypass exit mechanism;
(3) The invention can realize uniform control function by adopting a specific uniform charging control strategy for the whole master control device; the flexible connection can be compatible with different kinds of battery modules for group use; the structure is standardized, the control is simple, and the cost is low; the differential retired battery modules can be grouped, so that the gradient battery utilization is realized;
(4) The scheme can well solve the flexible connection problem of the battery module, and is a preferable scheme for solving the problem of how to convert the 12V or 48V standard battery module into the commercial power alternating current 380V.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a flexible connection unit of a battery module for retirement of a unit cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating a connection of a plurality of battery modules using the battery module flexible connection unit of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of further illustrating the various embodiments, the present invention provides the accompanying drawings which form a part of the disclosure hereof, and which are shown by way of illustration, in which the embodiments may be combined or otherwise incorporated, and in which the principles of operation of the embodiments may be explained in connection with the description herein, with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like elements throughout, and wherein one of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate the other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention. Specific embodiments of the inventive concept will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a flexible connection protection device for a single retired battery module includes: the charging and discharging switch (K1), the charging diode (D1), the bypass switch (K2), the bypass diode (D2) and the monitoring control unit are mechanically or logically interlocked with each other, wherein the charging and discharging switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) are arranged on the same plane. One end of a charge-discharge switch (K1) is connected with the "+" of the battery interface, and the other end of the charge-discharge switch is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, so that charge and discharge of the battery module are realized; one end of a bypass switch (K2) is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, and the other end of the bypass switch is connected with the "-" of the charge-discharge interface, so that the bypass of the battery module is realized; the anode of the charging diode (D1) is connected with the "+" of the charging and discharging interface, and the cathode is connected with the "-" of the battery interface, so that the follow current during the action of the charging and discharging switch (K1) and the blocking during the bypass of the battery module are realized; the cathode of the bypass diode (D2) is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, and the anode is connected with the "-" of the charge-discharge interface, so that the follow current and the blocking of the battery module from the bypass state to the access state are realized when the bypass switch (K2) acts; the ① th port of the monitoring control unit is connected with a voltage and temperature acquisition interface of the battery module, the ② th port is an external communication interface, and the ③ th port controls actions of the charge and discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2).
In one embodiment, the flexible connection unit of the battery module in fig. 1 has two working states when in operation, namely: charge-discharge state and bypass state, the state combinations of the individual circuit elements under different operating conditions are shown in table 1.
Charge and discharge state: k1 is closed, other switches are all opened, and the battery is in a charging and discharging state. When the battery is in a charging state, current flows into the battery terminal. When the battery is in a discharge state, current flows out of the battery.
Bypass state: k2 is closed and the other switches are open. The bypass state may be used to protect the battery or to replace the battery.
TABLE 1
| K1 | K2 | Status of |
| Closure | Disconnecting | Charging and discharging |
| Disconnecting | Closure | Bypass path |
In one embodiment, the battery module flexible connection unit may further switch between a charge and discharge state and a bypass state, and the switching process is as follows:
1. transition from the bypass state to the charge state:
Opening K2-D1 freewheel-closing K1, and completing the conversion process. In the conversion process, D1 is conducted in a short time (tens of milliseconds), and a radiator is not needed;
2. Transition from the bypass state to the discharge state:
Opening K2-D2 continuous current-closing K1-D2 blocking, and completing the conversion process. In the conversion process, D2 is conducted in a short time (tens of milliseconds), and a radiator is not needed.
3. The transition process between the charge and discharge states:
Since K1 is in a closed state when charging (discharging), the charge-discharge conversion is naturally carried out.
4. The state of charge transitions to the bypass state:
Opening K1-D1 continuous current-closing K2-D1 blocking, and completing the conversion process.
5. The discharge state transitions to the bypass state:
opening K1-D2 continuous current-closing K2-D2 blocking, and completing the conversion process.
In one embodiment, the monitoring control unit collects and uploads battery voltage and temperature signals, and the battery management system BMS of the upper computer is used for estimating battery SOC and SOH and judging battery voltage threshold; communication chips such as RS485 or CAN are adopted for realizing communication with the upper control and BMS; the control signal is converted into a driving signal with certain power to drive the charge-discharge switch (K1) or the bypass switch (K2) to act.
In one embodiment, after receiving the bypass command, the monitoring control unit issues the bypass command, performs a process of switching from the charge-discharge state to the bypass state, and withdraws the battery; and after receiving the battery access command, the monitoring control unit sends out the access command, executes the process of switching from the bypass state to the charge and discharge state, and accesses the battery.
Preferably, the main components of the flexible connection protection device are:
the relays K1 and K2 adopt 100A magnetic latching relays;
diodes D1 and D2, using power diodes greater than 40a,200 v;
The monitoring control unit adopts a measurement control unit based on a digital processing chip.
In one embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of connecting a plurality of battery modules using the flexible connection protection device for the battery module of fig. 1. For example, there are 16 (2 redundant) retired battery modules, each with a port dc voltage of 48V. The 14 retired battery modules are connected in series through 16 flexible connecting devices, 2 redundant battery modules are bypassed, a direct-current voltage port of 0-672 can be formed, and then the direct-current voltage port is converted into AC380V commercial power through a DC/AC bidirectional converter. The DC 672V/AC380V bidirectional converter is a conventional product in the industry market.
In general, a retired battery module protected by a flexible connection includes: the flexible connection device is adopted to connect the plurality of groups of retired battery modules and the master control device in series, the master control device is utilized to collect the voltage, current and temperature information of the plurality of groups of retired battery modules, and the centralized control of the single retired battery modules is realized, so that the overcurrent and overvoltage are avoided, and the uniform charging is realized.
When the master control device is configured, in a charging state, normal charging is started, the master control device detects whether the pressure difference between the single retired battery modules in a low voltage area is smaller than a set threshold value, when the detection result is negative, the master control device controls to start a uniform means for charging in a down voltage area, at the moment, the single voltage of the retired battery modules is lower, the set uniform starting threshold value is larger, so that the single voltage value of the retired battery modules is quickly charged to a higher voltage, and the overall charging time is shortened;
And if the search result is negative, starting a charging uniform means of the upper voltage area, continuing to charge until the detection result is positive, further directly detecting whether the single voltage of the retired battery module is greater than an overcharge threshold value, and if so, completing charging of the retired battery module.
In example 2, as shown in fig. 2, before charging (discharging) starts, the battery cluster control management unit (i.e., the master control device) selects n battery modules with smaller (larger) terminal voltage from n+k battery modules according to the dc bus voltage, and the other k battery modules exit the bypass. With such a selection, the terminal voltages of the m battery clusters are made the same (e.g., Δu=1.0v within a set error range). Then each battery cluster is connected with a direct current bus in sequence to start charging (discharging). Wherein n battery modules are necessary for establishing DC bus voltage, and k battery modules are redundant
Setting the alternate interval time as delta T (for example, 10 min), and withdrawing the battery module with the largest (small) terminal voltage in charging (discharging) every time when one delta T is experienced, putting into the battery modules with the smallest (large) terminal voltage in k bypass states, and circulating until each battery module is full (discharged).
When the battery module is charged more fully and needs small current charging, the direct current bus voltage can be improved for saving time, and meanwhile, the number of the input modules is increased for each battery cluster. This increases the charging speed without increasing the charging power.
When the battery modules are more in discharge and the terminal voltage is greatly reduced, the number of input modules can be increased in each battery cluster in order to keep the output power, the voltage of the direct current bus is improved, and the output power is basically not affected.
For heterogeneous batteries, as the terminal voltages of the battery modules are different, the battery cluster control management unit only needs to control the quantity of the battery modules, so that the terminal voltage of the battery cluster is matched with the voltage of the direct current bus.
Upon detecting a failure or damage to a certain battery module, the module is permanently withdrawn and reported.
And selecting values of n and k.
The value of n is determined by the voltage of the DC bus and the terminal voltage of the battery module. If the dc bus voltage is 1000V and the terminal voltage of the battery module is 48V, n=1000/48=20.8, and the value is 21. The value of k is determined by the cell rest time and the alternate time interval. If the battery is kept standing for 30min and the alternate time is 15min, k=30/15=2, and the minimum value of k is 2. Likewise, if the rotation interval is 10min, k=3. The larger the k value, the larger the number of strings, and the larger the capacity of the battery cluster.
In the case of example 3,
Battery module and estimation of cell SOC and SOH
The battery architecture provides conditions and means for estimating the battery module and the single SOC and SOH by adopting the voltage of the battery terminal after standing. And the method is combined with other methods such as a charge accumulation method, so that the SOC and SOH of the battery module and the single body can be estimated more accurately. The terminal voltage of the battery after standing for 30min can basically reflect the charge state of the battery, and can be used for estimating SOC and SOH. In the running process, the battery modules are put into and withdrawn in turn, and the standing time of the battery withdrawn from the bypass is 30min if the space between turns is 10min and the redundancy number is 3. The larger the redundancy amount, the longer the battery module can stand still.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the relevant art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and thus all equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an adopt flexible connection protection's retired battery module, its characterized in that includes: the method comprises the steps that a plurality of groups of retired battery modules and a master control device are connected in series through flexible connection modules, the master control device collects voltage, current and temperature information of the plurality of groups of retired battery modules, and each retired battery module comprises a charge-discharge switch (K1), a charge diode (D1), a bypass switch (K2), a bypass diode (D2) and a monitoring control unit;
wherein the charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) are mechanically or logically interlocked;
One end of the charge-discharge switch (K1) is connected with the "+" of the battery interface, and the other end of the charge-discharge switch is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, so that charge and discharge of the battery module are realized;
One end of the bypass switch (K2) is connected with the "+" of the charge-discharge interface, and the other end of the bypass switch is connected with the "-" of the charge-discharge interface, so that the bypass of the battery module is realized;
the anode of the charging diode (D1) is connected with "+" of the charging and discharging interface, and the cathode is connected with "-" of the battery interface, so that the follow current during the action of the charging and discharging switch (K1) and the blocking during the bypass of the battery module are realized;
The cathode of the bypass diode (D2) is connected with "+" of the charge-discharge interface, and the anode of the bypass diode is connected with "-" of the charge-discharge interface, so that the follow current and the blocking of the battery module from the bypass state to the access state are realized when the bypass switch (K2) acts; each monitoring control unit is connected with the master control device;
Meanwhile, in a charged state, normal charging is started, the master control device detects whether the pressure difference between the single retired battery modules in a low voltage area is smaller than a set threshold value, and when the detection result is negative, the master control device controls to start a uniform means for charging in a down voltage area, at the moment, the single retired battery modules are lower in voltage, and the set uniform starting threshold value is larger, so that the single retired battery modules are charged to a higher voltage value rapidly, and the overall charging time is shortened;
If the result is yes, continuing to charge, detecting whether the single average value of the retired battery module is larger than the voltage value of the upper voltage area after a period of time, if the result is yes, continuing to detect whether the single average value of the retired battery module is smaller than a uniform threshold value, if the result is no, starting an upper voltage area charging uniform means, continuing to charge until the result is yes, further directly detecting whether the single average value of the retired battery module is larger than an overcharge threshold value, and if the result is yes, completing the charging of the retired battery module;
the flexible connection module of the retired battery module has the following working states:
charge and discharge state: the charge-discharge switch (K1) is closed, and other switches are opened;
bypass state: the bypass switch (K2) is closed, and other switches are opened;
When the charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) act, the complete communication of a flexible connection module loop is ensured without the danger of loop open-circuit due to the follow current and one-way blocking effect of the charge diode (D1) and the bypass diode (D2);
When the monitoring control unit receives the bypass command, the monitoring control unit sends the bypass command, executes the process of switching from the charge state to the bypass state, and withdraws the battery; when the monitoring control unit receives a battery access command, the monitoring control unit sends out the access command, executes a process of switching from a bypass state to a charge and discharge state, and accesses the battery;
the charge-discharge state and the bypass state are switched, and the switching process is as follows:
Transition from the bypass state to the charge state:
opening K2-D1 freewheel-closing K1, and completing the conversion process; in the conversion process, D1 is conducted for a short time, and a radiator is not needed;
transition from the bypass state to the discharge state:
Opening K2-D2 freewheel-closing K1-D2 block, completing the conversion process, and conducting D2 for a short time in the conversion process without a radiator;
The transition process between the charge and discharge states:
since K1 is in a closed state during charge and discharge, charge and discharge conversion is naturally performed;
the state of charge transitions to the bypass state:
opening K1-D1 freewheel-closing K2-D1 block, and completing the conversion process;
The discharge state transitions to the bypass state:
Opening K1-D2 freewheel-closing K2-D2 block, and completing the conversion process;
Before charging starts, the battery cluster control management unit selects n battery modules with smaller terminal voltage from n+k battery modules to input according to the voltage of the direct current bus, and the other k battery modules exit the bypass; through such selection, the terminal voltages of m battery clusters are the same, then each battery cluster is sequentially connected into a direct current bus to start charging, wherein n battery modules are the quantity necessary for establishing the direct current bus voltage, and k battery modules are redundant;
Setting the alternate interval time as delta T, exiting the battery module with the largest terminal voltage in charging after each time of delta T, putting into the battery modules with the smallest terminal voltage in k bypass states, and circulating until each battery module is fully charged;
The ① th port of the monitoring control unit is connected with a voltage and temperature acquisition interface of the battery module, the ② th port is an external communication interface, and the ③ th port controls actions of a charge-discharge switch (K1) and a bypass switch (K2);
the input of the monitoring control unit is the voltage and the temperature of the battery module;
The output of the monitoring control unit is control and power driving signals of a charge-discharge switch (K1) and a bypass switch (K2); the communication interface of the monitoring control unit is responsible for an external communication interface;
the monitoring control unit is used for monitoring the voltage and the temperature of the battery module, controlling the actions of the charge-discharge switch (K1) and the bypass switch (K2) and being responsible for external communication.
2. The retired battery module of claim 1, wherein the retired battery module is protected by flexible connection, wherein:
The charge-discharge switch (K1) is a magnetic latching relay;
The bypass switch (K2) is a magnetic latching relay;
The charging diode (D1) is a power diode;
The bypass diode (D2) is a power diode.
3. The retired battery module of claim 1, wherein the retired battery module is protected by flexible connection, wherein:
the monitoring control unit is realized based on a digital circuit or an analog logic circuit.
4. The retired battery module of claim 1, wherein the retired battery module is protected by flexible connection, wherein:
the monitoring control unit is realized based on a digital processing chip.
5. A battery pack comprising a retired battery module protected by flexible connection according to any of claims 1-4 and a DC/AC bi-directional converter, characterized in that the output of the retired battery module combination is converted into mains power by means of the DC/AC bi-directional converter.
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| CN116505632B (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2023-09-15 | 西安为光能源科技有限公司 | Battery charging and discharging circuit and control system and method |
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