CN111425635B - Thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure release valve and electric automobile - Google Patents
Thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure release valve and electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111425635B CN111425635B CN202010241896.8A CN202010241896A CN111425635B CN 111425635 B CN111425635 B CN 111425635B CN 202010241896 A CN202010241896 A CN 202010241896A CN 111425635 B CN111425635 B CN 111425635B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/0413—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of closure plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/048—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded combined with other safety valves, or with pressure control devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/164—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side and remaining closed after return of the normal pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K24/00—Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures
- F16K24/04—Devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating enclosures for venting only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
- F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
- F16K27/0209—Check valves or pivoted valves
- F16K27/0227—Check valves or pivoted valves with the valve members swinging around an axis located at the edge of or outside the valve member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure relief valve and an electric automobile, wherein the thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure relief valve comprises a valve body, a waterproof ventilating structure, a tempering-proof structure and a resetting piece; the anti-backfire structure has a first state and a second state, the anti-backfire structure is located at a first position and a second position, and the anti-backfire structure at the first position allows small air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure at the first position and the second state blocks the air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure in the second position and the second state allows greater air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the pressure in the valve body and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the valve body switch the positions and the states of the anti-backfire structure. The invention can ensure the basic function of the conventional pressure release valve, and can also block the circulation of the battery pack and the outside air when the battery pack is out of thermal control, so that the external oxygen is prevented from entering the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile parts, in particular to a thermal runaway tempering-prevention pressure release valve and an electric automobile.
Background
With the improvement of the understanding of the society on environmental protection, green energy-saving new energy vehicle types are more and more favored by the market. The existing mainstream new energy is an energy storage battery, and for the energy storage battery, the battery belongs to an energy storage unit, and can easily generate a large amount of heat in a short time under extreme working conditions such as short circuit, overcharge and puncture; in this case, if sufficient oxygen is supplied to the inside of the battery pack, secondary combustion is likely to occur, which is extremely dangerous.
The relief valve is an important part of the electric vehicle, and can release the internal air pressure when the internal air pressure reaches a critical value. The conventional battery pack pressure release valve can only meet the following three design requirements: balancing the internal and external pressure difference of the battery pack under the normal working state; the battery pack IP67 has the functions of water resistance and dust prevention; when the battery pack is out of control due to heat, the pressure is effectively relieved. However, current relief valve can form a great air vent when triggering, and then causes the outside air backward flow, because there is a large amount of oxygen in the air of backward flow, can aggravate the inside thermal runaway reaction of battery package. Tests show that the temperature generated by thermal runaway is about 400 ℃ in a sealed environment, and the thermal runaway temperature can reach 800 ℃ under the condition of sufficient oxygen; when the temperature of the battery pack reaches 800 ℃, the combustibles of the whole vehicle are easy to be caused to combust, and a large accident is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve which can prevent external oxygen from entering a battery pack when the battery pack is in thermal runaway.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a thermal runaway backfire-proof pressure release valve is characterized by comprising a valve body, a waterproof ventilating structure, a backfire-proof structure and a resetting piece; the waterproof breathable structure is arranged at one end of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure is arranged at the other end of the valve body, the anti-backfire structure has a first state and a second state, and when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure is changed from the first state to the second state; the positions of the anti-backfire structure comprise a first position and a second position, and the anti-backfire structure is changed from the first position to the second position when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds a second preset value; the second preset value is larger than the first preset value; the anti-backfire structure in the first position and the first state allows air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure in the first position and the second state blocks air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure in the second position and the second state allows air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure in the second position and the first state is greater than the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure in the first position and the first state; the reset piece can change the anti-backfire structure in the second state from the second position to the first position.
Further, the anti-backfire structure comprises a top cover and a piston; a gas-permeable layer is formed between the top cover and the piston; the space of the air-permeable layer in the first state is larger than the space of the air-permeable layer in the second state; the top cover is arranged on one side far away from the valve body, and air holes are formed in the top cover; the piston is arranged on one side close to the valve body.
Furthermore, a first connecting part is arranged on the top cover; the piston is provided with a second connecting part matched with the first connecting part; and when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds the first preset value, the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting part.
Furthermore, the first connecting part is a first buckle, and the second connecting part is a second buckle; and the first connecting part and the second connecting part are connected in a buckling manner in the second state.
Furthermore, a piston hole is formed in the top cover, a first end and a second end are arranged on the piston, the first end penetrates through the piston hole, and the second end is arranged in the valve body.
Furthermore, the outer side of the top cover is circular, the outer diameter of the top cover is R, and the air holes are formed in the positions, away from the center of the top cover, of R/3 to R/2.
Further, the number of the air holes is more than 2.
Further, the second end is cylindrical, the second end 223 is cylindrical, and the second end 223 is matched with the valve body (1).
Further, the reset piece is a reset spring.
The invention also discloses an electric automobile which comprises the thermal runaway tempering-prevention pressure release valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure release valve has the following beneficial effects: the anti-backfire structure of the thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve has two states and two positions, and the two states and the two positions of the anti-backfire structure are switched under the control of the air pressure in the valve body, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the valve body and the reset piece; specifically, when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure is changed from a first state to a second state; when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds a second preset value, the anti-backfire structure is changed from the first position to the second position; wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value; the anti-backfire structure in the first position and the first state allows air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure at the first position and the second state blocks the air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the anti-backfire structure in the second position and the second state allows air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body; the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure at the second position and in the first state is higher than the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure at the first position and in the first state; the reset piece can change the anti-backfire structure in the second state from the second position to the first position. When the battery pack works normally, the anti-backfire structure is in a first state at a first position, the balance of the pressure difference inside and outside the valve body can be ensured through the waterproof breathable structure, and at the moment, the valve body can perform smaller air circulation with the outside through the anti-backfire structure; when the thermal runaway takes place, when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds the first preset value, the anti-backfire structure is in the second state under the first position, the air circulation between the valve body and the outside is limited at the moment, the air pressure in the valve body is continuously increased, when the air pressure value in the valve body exceeds the second preset value, the anti-backfire structure is changed from the first position to the second position, at the moment, the valve body can carry out larger air circulation with the outside through the anti-backfire structure to release the internal air pressure, after the internal air pressure is released, the anti-backfire structure is changed from the second position to the first position under the effect of the reset piece, the second state of the anti-backfire structure is not restored to the first state any more, and the air circulation between the valve body and the outside is effectively reduced or blocked. The thermal runaway tempering prevention pressure relief valve provided by the invention can ensure the basic functions of the conventional pressure relief valve, and can block the circulation of the battery pack and the outside air when the battery pack is thermally runaway, so that the external oxygen is prevented from entering the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a thermal runaway anti-backfire relief valve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic physical diagram of a thermal runaway anti-backfire relief valve according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein the reference numerals in the figures correspond to: 1-valve body, 2-anti-backfire structure, 21-top cover 21, 211-air vent, 212-first connecting part, 213-piston hole, 22-piston, 221-second connecting part, 222-first end, 223-second end, 23-air vent layer, 3-waterproof air vent structure and 4-reset piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the thermal runaway tempering prevention relief valve according to the embodiment of the invention includes a valve body 1, a waterproof and breathable structure 3, a tempering prevention structure 2 and a resetting member 4; the waterproof and breathable structure 3 is arranged at one end of the valve body 1; the anti-backfire structure 2 is arranged at the other end of the valve body 1, the anti-backfire structure 2 has a first state and a second state, and when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from the first state to the second state; the positions of the anti-backfire structure 2 comprise a first position and a second position, and the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from the first position to the second position when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a second preset value; the second preset value is larger than the first preset value; the anti-backfire structure 2 in the first position and in the first state allows air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the anti-backfire structure 2 in the first position and the second state obstructs air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the anti-backfire structure 2 in the second position and in the second state allows air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure 2 in the second position and the first state is greater than the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure 2 in the first position and the first state; the reset element 4 is capable of changing the anti-backfire structure 2 in the second state from the second position to the first position.
The anti-backfire structure 2 of the thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve in the embodiment of the invention has two states and two positions, and the two states and the two positions of the anti-backfire structure 2 are switched under the control of the air pressure in the valve body 1, the pressure difference inside and outside the valve body 1 and the reset piece 4; specifically, when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from a first state to a second state; when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a second preset value, the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from the first position to the second position; wherein the second preset value is greater than the first preset value; the anti-backfire structure 2 in the first position and in the first state allows air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the anti-backfire structure 2 at the first position and in the second state blocks the air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the anti-backfire structure 2 in the second position and in the second state allows air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body 1; the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure 2 at the second position and in the first state is higher than the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure 2 at the first position and in the first state; the reset member 4 is capable of changing the anti-backfire structure in the second state from the second position to the first position. When the battery pack works normally, the anti-backfire structure 2 is in a first state under the first position, the balance of the pressure difference inside and outside the valve body can be ensured through the waterproof breathable structure 3, and at the moment, the valve body 1 can perform smaller air circulation with the outside through the anti-backfire structure 2; when thermal runaway takes place, when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure 2 is in a second state under the first position, at the moment, the air circulation between the valve body 1 and the outside is limited, the internal air pressure in the valve body 1 is continuously increased, when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds a second preset value, the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from the first position to the second position, at the moment, the valve body 1 can be subjected to larger air circulation with the outside through the anti-backfire structure 2 to release the internal air pressure, after the internal air pressure is released, the anti-backfire structure 2 is changed from the second position to the first position under the action of the reset piece 4, the second state of the anti-backfire structure 2 is not restored to the first state any more, and the anti-backfire structure 2 at the moment can effectively reduce or obstruct the air circulation between the valve body 1 and the outside. The thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure release valve can ensure the basic functions of the conventional pressure release valve (such as ensuring the balance of internal and external pressure differences under the normal working state of the battery pack, ensuring the waterproof and dustproof functions of the battery pack, and effectively releasing pressure when the battery pack is out of thermal runaway), and can also block the circulation of the battery pack and the outside air when the battery pack is out of thermal runaway, so that the external oxygen is prevented from entering the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the anti-backfire structure 2 comprises a top cover 21 and a piston 22; a gas-permeable layer 23 is formed between the top cover 21 and the piston 22; the top cover 21 is arranged on one side far away from the valve body 1, and the top cover 21 is provided with an air hole 211; the piston 22 is arranged on one side close to the valve body 1; the space of the air-permeable layer 23 of the anti-backfire structure 2 in the first state is larger than that of the air-permeable layer 23 of the anti-backfire structure 2 in the second state; air inside and outside the valve body 1 can flow through the ventilation holes 211 and the ventilation layer 23. As an extreme case, the air-permeable layer 23 in the second state completely disappears and no air flow circulates through the air-permeable layer 23. Specifically, the top cover 21 is provided with a first connecting portion 212 and a piston hole 213; the piston 22 is provided with a second connecting part 221 matched with the first connecting part 212, a first end 222 penetrating through the piston hole 213 and a second end 223 arranged in the valve body 1; when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds the first preset value, the piston 22 is forced to move towards the top cover 21 under the action of the air pressure in the valve body 1 until the first connecting portion 212 is connected with the second connecting portion 221, so that the anti-backfire structure 2 is switched from the first state to the second state. As an implementation manner, the first connection part 212 may be a first buckle, and the second connection part 221 may be a second buckle connected to the first buckle, when the air pressure value in the valve body 1 exceeds the first preset value, the piston 22 is forced to move towards the top cover 21 under the action of the air pressure inside the valve body 1, specifically, the first end 222 of the piston 22 moves along the piston hole 213, and the second end 223 of the piston 22 moves along the inner wall of the valve body 1; until the first buckle is clamped with the second buckle. Wherein the second end 223 may be a cylinder shape, and the valve body 1 is a corresponding cylinder shape.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure the ventilation effect, the outer side of the top cover 21 may be circular, the outer diameter is R, and the ventilation holes 211 are disposed at a distance R/3 to R/2 from the center of the top cover 21; the number of the air holes 211 is more than 2, and specifically, any number of the air holes can be more than 2.
In another embodiment of the invention, the reset piece 4 can be a reset spring, and has simple structure, good reset effect and low cost.
The thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure release valve related to the embodiment of the invention can ensure the basic function of the conventional pressure release valve, and can also block the circulation of the battery pack and the outside air when the thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, so that the external oxygen is prevented from entering the battery pack, and the safety of the battery pack is improved
The embodiment of the invention also discloses an electric automobile, and the thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure release valve in any embodiment is applied.
While only three preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A thermal runaway tempering-proof pressure release valve is characterized by comprising a valve body (1), a waterproof ventilating structure (3), a tempering-proof structure (2) and a resetting piece (4);
the waterproof and breathable structure (3) is arranged at one end of the valve body (1);
the anti-backfire structure (2) is arranged at the other end of the valve body (1); the anti-backfire structure (2) comprises a top cover (21) and a piston (22); a gas-permeable layer (23) is formed between the top cover (21) and the piston (22);
the top cover (21) is arranged on one side far away from the valve body (1), and the top cover (21) is provided with air holes (211); the piston (22) is arranged on one side close to the valve body (1);
the anti-backfire structure (2) has a first state and a second state, and when the air pressure value in the valve body (1) exceeds a first preset value, the anti-backfire structure (2) is changed from the first state to the second state; the space of the air-permeable layer (23) in the first state is larger than the space of the air-permeable layer (23) in the second state;
the positions of the anti-backfire structure (2) comprise a first position and a second position, and the anti-backfire structure (2) is changed from the first position to the second position when the air pressure value in the valve body (1) exceeds a second preset value; the second preset value is larger than the first preset value;
the anti-backfire structure (2) in the first position and in the first state allows air communication between the inside and the outside of the valve body (1);
the anti-backfire structure (2) in the first position and in the second state obstructs the air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body (1);
the anti-backfire structure (2) in the second position and in the second state allows air circulation between the inside and the outside of the valve body (1); the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure (2) in the second position and the first state is larger than the air circulation speed allowed by the anti-backfire structure (2) in the first position and the first state;
the reset piece (4) can change the anti-backfire structure (2) in the second state from the second position to the first position.
2. The thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a first connecting part (212) is provided on the top cover (21); the piston (22) is provided with a second connecting part (221) matched with the first connecting part (212); when the air pressure value in the valve body (1) exceeds the first preset value, the first connecting part (212) and the second connecting part (221) are changed from the first state to the second state.
3. The thermal runaway anti-flashback relief valve of claim 2, wherein the first connection (212) is a first snap, and the second connection (221) is a second snap; the first connecting part (212) and the second connecting part (221) are in snap connection in the second state.
4. The thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve according to claim 3, wherein a piston hole (213) is formed in the top cover (21), a first end (222) and a second end (223) are formed in the piston (22), the first end (222) penetrates through the piston hole (213), and the second end (223) is arranged in the valve body (1).
5. The thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure relief valve according to claim 4, wherein the outer side of the top cover (21) is circular, the outer diameter is R, and the vent holes (211) are arranged at a distance of R/3 to R/2 from the center of the top cover (21).
6. The thermal runaway anti-flashback relief valve of claim 5, wherein the number of vent holes (211) is greater than 2.
7. The thermal runaway anti-flashback relief valve according to claim 6, characterized in that the second end (223) is cylindrical, and the second end (223) is fitted with the valve body (1).
8. The thermal runaway anti-flashback relief valve according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the return member (4) is a return spring.
9. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the thermal runaway anti-flashback relief valve as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010241896.8A CN111425635B (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure release valve and electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010241896.8A CN111425635B (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Thermal runaway anti-backfire pressure release valve and electric automobile |
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| CN111425635A CN111425635A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
| CN111425635B true CN111425635B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| DE102021122477B4 (en) | 2021-08-31 | 2024-03-14 | Bodo Konzelmann KG. | Pressure equalization device |
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