CN111422079A - 一种无人机空中续航***及方法 - Google Patents

一种无人机空中续航***及方法 Download PDF

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CN111422079A
CN111422079A CN202010168626.9A CN202010168626A CN111422079A CN 111422079 A CN111422079 A CN 111422079A CN 202010168626 A CN202010168626 A CN 202010168626A CN 111422079 A CN111422079 A CN 111422079A
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陈国荣
黄津川
黄洛珞
任虹
刘垚
何宏黎
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Chongqing University of Science and Technology
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种无人机空中续航***及方法，本发明中搭建输电无人机为受电无人机输送电能。受电无人机在执行任务时，时刻检测自身电量，当电量过低时，通过GPS搜索最近的基站，并通过无线通信发送指令到基站，自身保持悬停或匀速以降低功耗。基站接受指令过后，启动输电无人机导航到受电无人机附近，输电无人机通过蓝牙连接受电无人机，然后对接对接装置，开始为受电无人机输电，最后输电完成分离。这有效的解决了无人机的续航时间短、距离短的问题。

Description

一种无人机空中续航***及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及无人机充电技术领域，特别是涉及一种无人机空中续航*** 及方法。
背景技术
近年来，无人机在航拍、巡逻、测绘、路线采集行业上发展势头猛烈。 但是无人机电池在续航能力上有所欠缺，国内翘楚大疆无人机最长飞行时间 也在半个小时左右，一般的旋翼无人机也就只能续航10-20分钟。一些范围较 大的航拍、巡逻、测绘任务常常被无人机的续航能力所限制，不得不重新规 划路线，重复完成任务，物力财力消耗巨大。想要无人机能够提供超长时间 续航十分的困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种无人机空中续航*** 及方法，解决了无人机的续航时间短、距离短的问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种无人机空中续航***，包括：
受电无人机、输电无人机、基站，所述受电无人机、输电无人机、基站 均具有蓝牙模块、GPS模块、储电模块，所述蓝牙模块用于实现短距离通信， 所述GPS模块用于实现定位，基站的储电模块用于向输电无人机的储电模块 充电，输电无人机的储电模块用于向受电无人机的储电模块充电；
所述受电无人机、输电无人机分别具有飞控模块、无线通信模块、超声 波模块；所述飞控模块用于控制无人机飞行，无线通信模块用于向基站远距 离发送信息，所述超声波模块用于实现受电无人机、输电无人机对接定位；
所述受电无人机、输电无人机上设有对接装置，所述对接装置用于使受 电无人机、输电无人机对接，所述输电无人机上设有快速输电装置，所述快 速输电装置与输电无人机的储电模块电连接，用于使输电无人机的储电模块 向受电无人机的储电模块充电；
所述基站具有主控模块，所述主控模块用于接收和发出指令。
优选地，所述输电无人机的储电模块的储电量大于受电无人机的储电模 块的储电量。
优选地，所述基站根据受电无人机的飞行轨迹分布。
优选地，所述基站具有太阳能模块，所述太阳能模块用于向基站的储电 模块充电。
优选地，所述快速输电装置采用120W快充。
优选地，所述对接装置包括位于输电无人机下端的输电部、位于受电无 人机下端的受电部，所述输电部包括升降机构以及设置在升降机构下方的伸 缩机构，所述伸缩机构的端部设有输电接头，所述输电接头通过软导线与快 速输电装置电连接，所述受电部包括受电接头，所述受电接头与输电接头匹 配，且与受电无人机的储电模块电连接。
优选地，所述伸缩机构的端部设有电磁铁，所述电磁铁与输电无人机的 储电模块电连接，所述受电部对应设置衔铁，用于通过电磁力控制对接装置。
一种无人机空中续航方法，
受电无人机在飞行任务过程中，当检测到自身储电模块电量过低时，通 过GPS搜索附近最近的基站，发出充电请求，并通过无线通信模块发送位置 信息给该基站，自身保持悬停状态；
当基站接收到受电无人机的请求过后，通过蓝牙对接基站上的输电无人 机，并向输电无人机发送启动指令和受电无人机的位置信息，输电无人机通 过GPS导航到受电无人机附近；
输电无人机通过蓝牙对接受电无人机，完成通信，输电无人机在受电无 人机旁边悬停，并通过超声波定位，再修改水平位置参数，使得输电无人机 与受电无人机保持在同一水平面上；
对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机完成对接；输电无人机匹配与 受电无人机相同的速度参数，使得输电无人机与受电无人机相对静止，输电 无人机通过快速输电装置为受电无人机输送电能；
当受电无人机电量充满之后，对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机 解除对接，之后，输电无人机返回基站，受电无人机继续完成任务。
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有如下有益效果：
在基站运输无人机的建立下，无人机在续航时间短、输送距离短的问题 上得到明显的提高，弥补了无人机不可长时间完成任务的缺陷，为相关问题 的科学研究奠定了数据基础。
附图说明
图1为本发明对接装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明输电无人机的输电流程图；
图3为基站结构示意图。
附图标记
附图中，1为输电无人机，2为受电无人机，3为基站，4为升降机构，5 为伸缩机构，6为输电接头，7为受电接头，8为太阳能模块。
具体实施方式
参见图1-图3，为一种无人机空中续航***，包括：受电无人机、输电 无人机、基站。
所述受电无人机、输电无人机、基站均具有蓝牙模块、GPS模块、储电模 块，所述蓝牙模块用于实现短距离通信，所述GPS模块用于实现定位，基站 的储电模块用于向输电无人机的储电模块充电，输电无人机的储电模块用于 向受电无人机的储电模块充电。所述输电无人机的储电模块的储电量大于受 电无人机的储电模块的储电量。
所述受电无人机、输电无人机分别具有飞控模块、无线通信模块、超声 波模块；所述飞控模块用于控制无人机飞行，无线通信模块用于向基站远距 离发送信息，所述超声波模块用于实现受电无人机、输电无人机对接定位； 所述受电无人机还具有摄像头模块，用于完成航拍任务。
所述受电无人机、输电无人机上设有对接装置，所述对接装置用于使受 电无人机、输电无人机对接，所述输电无人机上设有快速输电装置，所述快 速输电装置采用120W快充。所述快速输电装置与输电无人机的储电模块电连 接，用于使输电无人机的储电模块向受电无人机的储电模块充电；所述对接 装置包括位于输电无人机下端的输电部、位于受电无人机下端的受电部，所 述输电部包括升降机构以及设置在升降机构下方的伸缩机构，所述伸缩机构 的端部设有输电接头，所述输电接头通过软导线与快速输电装置电连接，所述受电部包括受电接头，所述受电接头与输电接头匹配，且与受电无人机的 储电模块电连接。所述伸缩机构的端部设有电磁铁，电磁铁位于输电接头的 一侧，所述电磁铁与输电无人机的储电模块电连接，导线铺设与输电接头连 接结构相同，均铺设在升降机构、伸缩机构上，且长度有富余，用于在升降、 伸缩过程中收展，所述受电部对应设置衔铁，用于通过电磁力控制对接装置。 当输电接头、受电接头对接的时候，电磁铁通电，以维持对接状态。
当然，电磁铁、衔铁也可以设置为导向结构，即，电磁铁呈锥状，衔铁 的外侧设置呈喇叭口状的非磁性导向口，电磁铁通电时，对输电接头、受电 接头进行导向，以进行对接。
本实施例中，所述升降机构、伸缩机构均采用现有的电推杆机构，当然， 也可以采用其他丝杆螺母机构或者液压机构，但是体积较大。
所述基站具有主控模块，所述主控模块用于接收和发出指令。所述基站 根据受电无人机的飞行轨迹分布。所述基站具有太阳能模块，所述太阳能模 块用于向基站的储电模块充电。
一种无人机空中续航方法，
受电无人机在飞行任务过程中，当检测到自身储电模块电量过低时(电 量过低的标准为剩余电量只能持续到后续充电续航所需等待时间)，通过GPS 搜索附近最近的基站，发出充电请求，并通过无线通信模块发送位置信息给 该基站，自身保持悬停状态；
当基站接收到受电无人机的请求过后，通过蓝牙对接基站上的输电无人 机，并向输电无人机发送启动指令和受电无人机的位置信息，输电无人机通 过GPS导航到受电无人机附近；
输电无人机通过蓝牙对接受电无人机，完成通信，输电无人机在受电无 人机旁边悬停，并通过超声波定位，再修改水平位置参数，使得输电无人机 与受电无人机保持在同一水平面上；
对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机完成对接；输电无人机匹配与 受电无人机相同的速度参数(保持匀速或者悬停)，使得输电无人机与受电无 人机相对静止，输电无人机通过快速输电装置为受电无人机输送电能；
当受电无人机电量充满之后，对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机 解除对接，之后，输电无人机返回基站，受电无人机继续完成任务。
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制， 尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人 员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本 发明权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，包括：
受电无人机、输电无人机、基站，所述受电无人机、输电无人机、基站均具有蓝牙模块、GPS模块、储电模块，所述蓝牙模块用于实现短距离通信，所述GPS模块用于实现定位，基站的储电模块用于向输电无人机的储电模块充电，输电无人机的储电模块用于向受电无人机的储电模块充电；
所述受电无人机、输电无人机分别具有飞控模块、无线通信模块、超声波模块；所述飞控模块用于控制无人机飞行，无线通信模块用于向基站远距离发送信息，所述超声波模块用于实现受电无人机、输电无人机对接定位；
所述受电无人机、输电无人机上设有对接装置，所述对接装置用于使受电无人机、输电无人机对接，所述输电无人机上设有快速输电装置，所述快速输电装置与输电无人机的储电模块电连接，用于使输电无人机的储电模块向受电无人机的储电模块充电；
所述基站具有主控模块，所述主控模块用于接收和发出指令。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述输电无人机的储电模块的储电量大于受电无人机的储电模块的储电量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述基站根据受电无人机的飞行轨迹分布。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述基站具有太阳能模块，所述太阳能模块用于向基站的储电模块充电。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述快速输电装置采用120W快充。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述对接装置包括位于输电无人机下端的输电部、位于受电无人机下端的受电部，所述输电部包括升降机构以及设置在升降机构下方的伸缩机构，所述伸缩机构的端部设有输电接头，所述输电接头通过软导线与快速输电装置电连接，所述受电部包括受电接头，所述受电接头与输电接头匹配，且与受电无人机的储电模块电连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种无人机空中续航***，其特征在于，所述伸缩机构的端部设有电磁铁，所述电磁铁与输电无人机的储电模块电连接，所述受电部对应设置衔铁，用于通过电磁力控制对接装置。
8.一种无人机空中续航方法，其特征在于，
受电无人机在飞行任务过程中，当检测到自身储电模块电量过低时，通过GPS搜索附近最近的基站，发出充电请求，并通过无线通信模块发送位置信息给该基站，自身保持悬停状态；
当基站接收到受电无人机的请求过后，通过蓝牙对接基站上的输电无人机，并向输电无人机发送启动指令和受电无人机的位置信息，输电无人机通过GPS导航到受电无人机附近；
输电无人机通过蓝牙对接受电无人机，完成通信，输电无人机在受电无人机旁边悬停，并通过超声波定位，再修改水平位置参数，使得输电无人机与受电无人机保持在同一水平面上；
对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机完成对接；输电无人机匹配与受电无人机相同的速度参数，使得输电无人机与受电无人机相对静止，输电无人机通过快速输电装置为受电无人机输送电能；
当受电无人机电量充满之后，对接装置工作，输电无人机与受电无人机解除对接，之后，输电无人机返回基站，受电无人机继续完成任务。
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