CN111410568A - Low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition and application thereof - Google Patents
Low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111410568A CN111410568A CN202010303604.9A CN202010303604A CN111410568A CN 111410568 A CN111410568 A CN 111410568A CN 202010303604 A CN202010303604 A CN 202010303604A CN 111410568 A CN111410568 A CN 111410568A
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- organic fertilizer
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- hermetia illucens
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The kitchen waste is the main waste generated in daily life of residents, and the conversion of the kitchen waste into organic fertilizer through treatment is the main idea of recycling the kitchen waste. However, the kitchen waste has high salt content, and the long-term use of the kitchen waste in large quantities can cause the accumulation of soil salt, thereby causing the salinization of the soil, increasing the volume weight and deteriorating the tiltability. The invention provides a low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-45 parts of kitchen waste organic fertilizer; 7-15 parts of cow dung organic fertilizer; 8-17 parts of sheep manure organic fertilizer; 16-28 parts of chicken manure organic fertilizer; 13-30 parts of wormcast; 5-15 parts of hermetia illucens manure. The invention can be used for soil improvement after the salt content of the kitchen waste reaches the standard applicable to soil through dilution or reasonable proportion. The salt content in the kitchen waste organic fertilizer is reduced through exploration, and waste is changed into valuable. Further processing to form an industrial chain, and can be used for producing special, new and high-value products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to a formula for reducing salt content in an organic fertilizer of kitchen waste and application thereof.
Background
Kitchen waste is one of main waste generated in daily life of residents, is easy to decay, pollutes the environment and even has the risk of breeding and spreading infectious diseases. Therefore, effective disposal of kitchen waste is one of the major issues for environmental protection. The conversion of kitchen waste into organic fertilizer after treatment is one of the main ideas of recycling kitchen waste.
The kitchen organic fertilizer has high organic matter content, complete nutrients, comprehensive nutrients, stable and long fertilizer effect, and capacity of raising soil and protecting ecological environment. The organic matter is decomposed in the soil to generate carbon dioxide which can be used as a raw material for crop photosynthesis and is beneficial to quality improvement and yield increase of fruit trees. The supply of nutrients is the main function of the organic fertilizer; the organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrients, contains necessary nutrient elements for the growth of fruit trees, also contains other substances beneficial to the growth of the fruit trees, and can promote the growth comprehensively; the nutrients contained in the organic fertilizer exist in an organic form, are converted into a form which can be utilized by plants through microbial decomposition, can be slowly released, and can be supplied to crops for a long time; the organic fertilizer can improve soil organic matter content, update soil humus components, improve physical properties of soil, increase soil fertility and moisture retention capacity, and increase soil fertility.
However, the kitchen waste organic fertilizer has high salt content, and the long-term use of the kitchen waste organic fertilizer in large quantities can cause the accumulation of soil salt, thereby causing the salinization of soil, increasing the volume weight and deteriorating the tiltability. Excessive soil salinity accumulation can affect the absorption of nutrients and water by the root system, and cause the seedling death. Therefore, a novel formula is needed to control the salt content of the environment-friendly organic fertilizer to the applicable range of soil.
Generally, when the organic matter content in the soil is 20g/kg or more, hardening and salinization are not likely to occur. However, most greenhouse soil generally does not reach the standard of 20g/kg, and the continuous application of a large amount of chemical fertilizer and kitchen waste derived fertilizer with high salt content risks the salinization of the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing kitchen waste derived fertilizer is high in salt content and easily causes the risk of soil salinization, the invention aims to provide an organic fertilizer formula capable of effectively reducing salt content in kitchen waste and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-45 parts of kitchen waste organic fertilizer;
7-15 parts of cow dung organic fertilizer;
8-17 parts of sheep manure organic fertilizer;
16-28 parts of chicken manure organic fertilizer;
13-30 parts of wormcast;
5-15 parts of hermetia illucens manure.
The organic fertilizer of the kitchen waste is preferably an organic fertilizer obtained by treating the kitchen waste through an aerobic process.
The wormcast is preferably residual manure obtained by performing harmless treatment on kitchen waste by using earthworms. Furthermore, the kitchen waste is deoiled, dehydrated and washed with salt, then is added with auxiliary materials, and is treated by earthworms to become green pollution-free organic fertilizer, and the earthworm manure prepared by processing according to a certain proportion has better effect.
The hermetia illucens manure is preferably residual manure obtained by harmless treatment of kitchen waste by breeding hermetia illucens. In the preferred process, the hermetia illucens eggs are hatched into larvae, the larvae are put into the processed kitchen waste, and are treated for 7-8 days, and the rest are the insects and the insect feces. After the worms are subjected to deep processing treatment, derived byproducts are numerous; the insect manure is an organic fertilizer, and various organic fertilizers must be comprehensively utilized.
In a preferable formula, the kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition comprises the following raw materials (by mass):
30 parts of kitchen waste organic fertilizer;
10 parts of cow dung organic fertilizer;
10 parts of sheep manure organic fertilizer;
20 parts of chicken manure organic fertilizer;
20 parts of wormcast;
10 parts of hermetia illucens dung.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the organic fertilizer organic matter in the low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition can reach 90 percent, the corresponding organic fertilizer organic matter standard is 45 percent, and the content of the organic fertilizer organic matter is one time higher than the organic matter standard. The organic fertilizer composition can be additionally added with 30 percent of auxiliary base material, and the cost of the base material is about 300-400 yuan/ton. Then, a special formula is used for producing high-value organic fertilizers special for various crops, and the ton price can reach over 1000 yuan.
The invention can be used for soil improvement after the salt content of the kitchen waste reaches the standard applicable to soil through dilution or reasonable proportion. The salt content in the kitchen waste organic fertilizer is reduced through exploration, and waste is changed into valuable. Further processing to form an industrial chain, and can be used for producing special, new and high-value products.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the purpose of illustrating one way in which the technical solution of the present invention can be easily implemented, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples 1-7 selection of formulations
For ease of illustration, the ingredients were prepared as set forth in Table 1, Table 1 representing the formulation of examples 1-7.
Examples 5 to 7 differ from examples 1 to 4 in that examples 5 to 7 employ a complex microbial aerobic bacterial agent, preferably bacillus, for the pretreatment of the kitchen waste by an aerobic process.
Example 8
Referring to example 6, the difference between this example and example 6 is that when the kitchen waste is pretreated by an aerobic process, at least one halophilic bacterium is additionally added into the complex microbial inoculum.
Example 9
Referring to example 6, the present example is different from example 6 in that a desalting and deoiling process is used instead of an aerobic process to pretreat kitchen waste.
Example 10
In order to further discuss the treatment of the kitchen waste, the sample in example 6 is used as a basic formula, the wormcast and hermetia illucens manure are replaced by the same amount of biological manure obtained by treating the kitchen waste with earthworms and hermetia illucens larvae, and the processed biological manure is used as a substitute for the wormcast and the hermetia illucens manure to obtain the product in example 10.
Control evaluation
Urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate fertilizer and humus soil are compounded to obtain a compound fertilizer with similar nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents as the sample in example 6, which is used as a comparative example 1.
Untreated kitchen waste of the same quality as the sample of example 6 was used as comparative example 2.
The cucumber is cultivated in a test field by adopting the examples 1, 6, 8-10, the comparative examples 1 and 2, the cucumber plants are comprehensively evaluated according to the growth condition, the yield, the fertilizer cost and the like, the conductivity change of the soil solution is measured after harvesting to determine the salinization degree, and the results shown in the table 2 are obtained:
the results show that the cucumber plants in the groups of examples 6, 8 and 10 and the comparative example 1 have good growth conditions, and no significant difference is found in plant height, cucumber setting rate, cucumber weight and the like, which indicates that the cucumber-growing growth regulator has good cucumber-growing habit after being applied and can be applied as a fertilizer substitute to achieve the same fertility. Further comparing the fertilizer cost and the soil change, the product cost of the invention is obviously lower than that of the applied fertilizer, the soil salinization degree is not deteriorated after the field applied with the product is harvested, and the soil conductivity of the control group 1 is slightly changed, which shows that the soil has slight salinization trend. Example 10 further uses earthworms and black soldier fly larvae to treat the kitchen waste to obtain earthworm cast and black soldier fly cast substitutes, and no significant difference is seen compared with the product in example 6, which indicates that the kitchen waste can be further pretreated by the earthworms and the black soldier fly larvae, and the fertilizer cost is reduced.
The plant of example 1 is significantly different from that of example 6, probably because the aerobic treatment process converts the kitchen waste into nutrients which the plant can easily absorb, and beneficial bacteria which are beneficial to the growth of the plant are introduced. Example 1 the soil of the group is slightly deteriorated, which shows that the pretreatment of the kitchen waste by the aerobic process is beneficial to further removing the salt of the fertilizer, probably because the effective strains introduced during the pretreatment by the aerobic process are beneficial to the absorption of plants, the restoration of the soil and the further catabolism of the salt.
The plant in example 9 has a significant difference from that in example 6, which indicates that the best state suitable for being used as organic fertilizer cannot be achieved by only adopting the desalting and deoiling process to treat the kitchen waste, probably because the kitchen waste is not composted and decomposed by aerobic bacteria, the kitchen waste is not easy to be absorbed by plants, and beneficial bacteria which are beneficial to plant absorption and soil improvement cannot be introduced. Example 9 soil conditions are better than example 1, which shows that the kitchen waste after desalting and deoiling in the example has lower risk of causing soil salinization.
The growth conditions of the plants in the control group 2 and the plants in the embodiment 9 are obviously different, and on one hand, the embodiment 9 is probably influenced by the nutrients of the cow dung organic fertilizer, the sheep dung organic fertilizer, the chicken dung organic fertilizer, the wormcast and the black soldier fly dung composition; on the one hand, the compositions introduce more and more extensive beneficial bacteria which are beneficial to the decomposition of the kitchen waste into easily absorbed nutrients.
The plants in the control group 2 have significant difference from the plants in the example 1, which is characterized in that the growth condition of the plants in the control group 2 is worsened, and the soil salinization degree is increased. It is stated that the kitchen waste can not be directly used for plant cultivation. Meanwhile, the cow dung organic fertilizer, sheep dung organic fertilizer, chicken dung organic fertilizer, wormcast, hermetia illucens manure and the like can be used for reducing and decomposing salt in kitchen waste after being mixed according to a proper proportion, and the kitchen waste is converted into the organic fertilizer with low cost and low salinization risk.
The organic fertilizer finished product successfully developed by the method is sent to a Shanxi province product quality supervision and inspection research institute for organic fertilizer quality inspection, all items are performed according to relevant national detection standards, and the detection results are shown in Table 3:
the result shows that the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer in the low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition is one time higher than the national organic matter standard. The product of the invention has indexes superior to national standards, contains beneficial strains such as bacillus licheniformis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and has effective viable count more than or equal to 2.0 hundred million/g. The organic fertilizer composition can be additionally added with 30% of auxiliary base materials, so that the cost is further reduced, and high-value organic fertilizers special for various crops can be produced by using a professional formula, and have higher agricultural value.
Claims (10)
1. The low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
20-45 parts of kitchen waste organic fertilizer;
7-15 parts of cow dung organic fertilizer;
8-17 parts of sheep manure organic fertilizer;
16-28 parts of chicken manure organic fertilizer;
13-30 parts of wormcast;
5-15 parts of hermetia illucens manure.
2. The organic fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer prepared from kitchen waste is obtained by subjecting kitchen waste to an aerobic process.
3. The organic fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the kitchen waste is treated by the aerobic process, the microbial inoculum comprises at least one bacillus.
4. The organic fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the kitchen waste is treated by the aerobic process, the microbial inoculum comprises at least one aerobic halophilic bacterium.
5. The organic fertilizer composition of claim 1, which is obtained from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30 parts of kitchen waste organic fertilizer; 10 parts of cow dung organic fertilizer; 10 parts of sheep manure organic fertilizer; 20 parts of chicken manure organic fertilizer; 20 parts of wormcast; 10 parts of hermetia illucens dung.
6. The organic fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wormcast is a residual manure obtained by performing harmless treatment on kitchen waste by using earthworms.
7. The organic fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein when earthworms are used for harmless treatment of kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is pretreated by deoiling, dewatering and salt washing, then appropriate auxiliary materials are added to make the kitchen waste become feed suitable for earthworm growth, and the kitchen waste becomes green pollution-free organic fertilizer after being treated by the earthworms.
8. The organic fertilizer composition of claim 1, wherein the hermetia illucens manure is residual manure obtained by harmless treatment of kitchen waste by breeding hermetia illucens.
9. The organic fertilizer composition of claim 8, wherein when the kitchen waste is subjected to harmless treatment by breeding hermetia illucens, larvae hatched by hermetia illucens eggs are selected and fed to the kitchen waste for breeding, and after 7-8 days of treatment, the insect feces are collected to obtain hermetia illucens feces.
10. The composition containing cow dung organic fertilizer, sheep dung organic fertilizer, chicken dung organic fertilizer, wormcast and hermetia illucens manure is applied to reducing the risk of soil salinization caused by kitchen waste.
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| CN202010303604.9A CN111410568A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition and application thereof |
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| CN202010303604.9A CN111410568A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Low-salinity kitchen waste organic fertilizer composition and application thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113800976A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-17 | 杭州谷胜科技有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer prepared from gadfly manure and application thereof |
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| CN105330349A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-17 | 胡舒 | High-temperature aerobic composting method of kitchen waste |
| CN106966800A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 山东米高生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing high concentration bacillus licheniformis organic fertilizer |
| CN107897125A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-13 | 吴名根 | A kind of method using dealing with earthworm kitchen garbage |
| CN110115252A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-13 | 天津易世东生态科技有限公司 | A kind of method of black soldier flies biodegrade kitchen garbage |
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2020
- 2020-04-17 CN CN202010303604.9A patent/CN111410568A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101305768A (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2008-11-19 | 上海格邦环境科技有限公司 | Method for producing animal protein feedstuff by processing restaurant garbage using angleworm |
| CN105330349A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-17 | 胡舒 | High-temperature aerobic composting method of kitchen waste |
| CN106966800A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-21 | 山东米高生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing high concentration bacillus licheniformis organic fertilizer |
| CN107897125A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-04-13 | 吴名根 | A kind of method using dealing with earthworm kitchen garbage |
| CN110115252A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-13 | 天津易世东生态科技有限公司 | A kind of method of black soldier flies biodegrade kitchen garbage |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113800976A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-17 | 杭州谷胜科技有限公司 | Organic compound fertilizer prepared from gadfly manure and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200714 |