CN111408200A - Waste gas treatment device used in kitchen waste biochemical treatment equipment - Google Patents
Waste gas treatment device used in kitchen waste biochemical treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a waste gas treatment device used in kitchen waste biochemical treatment equipment, which comprises a dust removal unit, a waste heat recovery unit and a deodorization unit, wherein the dust removal unit, the waste heat recovery unit and the deodorization unit are sequentially connected through a gas conveying pipeline, waste gas generated by a fermentation bin is firstly introduced into the dust removal unit to filter impurities, then introduced into the waste heat recovery unit to recover the waste heat, then introduced into the deodorization unit to remove odor, and then discharged outwards. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the waste gas of the kitchen waste biochemical equipment is treated by adopting a process of 'dust removal, waste heat recovery and deodorization', so that impurities and odor in the waste gas can be removed, and waste heat of the waste gas can be recovered, thereby achieving the effects of reducing environmental pollution, saving energy and reducing emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a waste gas treatment device used in kitchen waste biochemical treatment equipment.
Background
With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China, more and more urban kitchen waste is generated, because the kitchen waste has the characteristics of high moisture, high organic matter content, high oil content and the like, anaerobic fermentation treatment is generally taken as a main treatment for centralized treatment, and because the problems of construction period, transportation cost, spilling generated in the transportation process and the like are considered, distributed on-site treatment becomes a convenient treatment mode for kitchen waste treatment.
Because of the factors such as safety, the distributed on-site treatment is generally carried out by using biochemical treatment equipment in an aerobic fermentation mode, a fermentation bin is arranged in the equipment, a stirring device is arranged in the bin, the treatment efficiency of the biochemical equipment is high due to the factors such as fields, the biochemical equipment is generally fermented at high temperature (generally 50-65 ℃), in addition, the aerobic bacteria are required to participate in the biochemical process, and the material drying is required to discharge water vapor, so that a large amount of heat supply and ventilation are required to be carried out on the biochemical equipment. As for a conventional electric heating fermentation chamber, as shown in figure 1, a heating and ventilating structure of a fermentation chamber 1 mainly comprises an air inlet 1-1, an air outlet 1-2, a jacket 1-3, an electric heating element 1-5 and the like, heat conducting oil is generally filled in the jacket 1-3, a temperature sensor is generally arranged in the heat conducting oil and the fermentation chamber, and a fan is arranged in the air inlet 1-1 or the air outlet 1-2. The working process of the fermentation device comprises the steps that after materials enter the fermentation bin 1, the electric heating elements 1-5 heat conduction oil, the heat conduction oil further transfers heat to garbage, aerobic strains decompose the garbage at a proper temperature and consume certain oxygen, air enters the bin from the air inlet 1-1 to keep the oxygen content in the bin, waste gas is discharged from the air outlet 1-2 and is discharged into the atmosphere after subsequent treatment, and the whole process from air inlet, heating to air exhaust is completed. The proper working temperature of the aerobic bacteria is generally 50-65 ℃, the working temperature of the heat conduction oil is generally 80-100 ℃, the moisture of the material can be heated into water vapor to be discharged along with the waste gas, and the temperature of the waste gas is almost the same as the fermentation temperature of the garbage, namely 50-65 ℃. It can be seen from the working process that a large amount of heat can be taken away in the exhaust emission, and whole heat needs to be supplied by electric heating, and for the equipment without energy-saving measures, the power consumption is very high, and is generally about 200 ~ 300 kw.h for the power consumption of one ton of rubbish, causes the energy waste.
In summary, the biochemical equipment for kitchen waste is characterized by high fermentation temperature, large energy consumption and large ventilation volume. The gas discharged by ventilation is waste gas, and has the following three characteristics: firstly, a small amount of malodorous media generated in the biochemical process are discharged along with waste gas, so that the harmful influence on the life of surrounding residents is generated; uneven stirring affects odor components and content. Secondly, the strain decomposes the garbage into flocculent materials, and the materials are dried finally, so that more particles in the waste gas are mainly flocculent, and the surrounding environment is influenced. Thirdly, the water vapor in the waste gas carries more heat to be discharged, the energy loss is more, and meanwhile, the waste gas contains more water vapor which can cause visual pollution to surrounding residents.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve all or part of the problems, the invention aims to provide the waste gas treatment device used in the biochemical treatment equipment for the kitchen waste, which can remove impurities and odor in waste gas and recover waste gas waste heat, thereby achieving the effects of reducing environmental pollution, saving energy and reducing emission.
The invention provides a waste gas treatment device used in kitchen waste biochemical treatment equipment, which comprises a dust removal unit, a waste heat recovery unit and a deodorization unit, wherein the dust removal unit, the waste heat recovery unit and the deodorization unit are sequentially connected through a gas conveying pipeline, waste gas generated by a fermentation bin is firstly introduced into the dust removal unit to filter impurities, then introduced into the waste heat recovery unit to recover the waste heat, then introduced into the deodorization unit to remove odor, and then discharged outwards.
Optionally, the dust removal unit comprises a plurality of stages of filters and a fan, the filtering precision of each stage of the filters is gradually improved, and each stage of the filters is provided with a differential pressure gauge.
Optionally, the fan includes a main fan and an auxiliary fan, the air inlet of the main fan is connected to the last stage of the filter, the air outlet is connected to the waste heat recovery unit, the air inlet of the auxiliary fan is connected to the last stage of the filter, and the air outlet is connected to the deodorization unit.
Optionally, the waste heat recovery unit includes a first-stage heat recovery unit and a second-stage heat recovery unit, the waste gas output by the dust removal unit is introduced into the first-stage heat recovery unit and is discharged after the first-stage heat recovery unit exchanges heat, the second-stage heat recovery unit and the first-stage heat recovery unit form a heat exchange combination, the first-stage heat recovery unit transfers the heat recovered from the waste gas to the second-stage heat recovery unit, the second-stage heat recovery unit is connected with the heater of the fermentation bin and transfers the heat to the heater, and the lowest temperature of the refrigerant in the second-stage heat recovery unit is greater than the working temperature of the heat conducting oil in the heater.
Optionally, a low-temperature refrigerant flows in the primary heat recovery unit, and the highest temperature reaches 60-70 ℃; high-temperature refrigerants circulate in the secondary heat recovery unit, and the highest temperature reaches 130-140 ℃.
Optionally, the deodorization unit comprises a gas-liquid separation tank and a water washing tower, the waste gas output by waste heat recovery is introduced into the gas-liquid separation tank, the gas-liquid separation tank separates liquid contained in the waste gas, then the waste gas is introduced into the water washing tower, and the separated liquid is discharged to a wastewater treatment device through a condensate pump.
Optionally, the inside of the washing tower is provided with a demisting packing layer, a second nozzle, a second washing packing layer, a first nozzle and a first washing packing layer from top to bottom, a water storage chamber is arranged below the first washing packing layer, a gas outlet is arranged above the demisting packing layer, and the treated waste gas is discharged outwards through the gas outlet.
Optionally, the reservoir chamber is provided with air inlet, water inlet and two delivery ports, the air inlet is located the upper portion lateral wall of reservoir chamber, the water inlet is located the middle part lateral wall of reservoir chamber, the delivery port is located the lower part lateral wall of reservoir chamber.
Optionally, the air inlet is respectively connected with the dust removal unit and the gas-liquid separation tank, the water inlet is connected with an external water source, and fresh water is periodically replenished to the water storage chamber;
two the delivery port is connected with circulating pump and dredge pump at the bottom of the tower respectively, the delivery port of circulating pump is connected the nozzle, the water process of reservoir bottom the circulating pump carries extremely the nozzle sprays, the delivery port of dredge pump is connected to effluent treatment plant at the bottom of the tower, regularly discharges the water of reservoir bottom.
Optionally, UV photodissociation equipment and activated carbon box are connected to the gas outlet, and waste gas passes through UV photodissociation equipment carries out UV and shines, then passes through activated carbon box adsorbs, outwards discharges at last.
Optionally, the demisting filler layer is filled with multi-surface hollow spheres, the first water washing filler layer and the second water washing filler layer are filled with Raschig rings or pall rings, and the activated carbon box is filled with honeycomb activated carbon.
According to the technical scheme, the waste gas treatment device used in the biochemical treatment equipment for the kitchen waste provided by the invention has the following advantages:
this device adopts the waste gas of "dust removal + waste heat recovery + deodorization" to handle kitchen garbage biochemical equipment, can realize the requirement of discharge to reach standard, and the waste heat in the waste gas obtains retrieving simultaneously, has realized energy-conserving effect, can eliminate the visual pollution that steam formed in the waste gas in addition.
Adopt overlapping formula heat pump to carry out waste heat recovery, exhaust emission temperature is low, and the heat of retrieving is many, and the heat output temperature is high simultaneously, can not influence the biochemical effect in fermentation storehouse, and the waste gas that has lower temperature is more ideal to the effect that the ammonia was removed in the washing in addition.
The deodorization process adopts washing and active carbon adsorption, can further detach the trace particulate matter of waste gas when deodorant, more does benefit to the emission up to standard of waste gas particulate matter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a kitchen waste biochemical treatment device in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a deodorization unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat recovery unit in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a fermentation bin; 1-1, an air inlet; 1-2, an exhaust port; 1-3, jacket; 1-4, a temperature sensor; 1-5, an electric heating element; 1-6, temperature sensor; 1-7, a heater;
2. a waste heat recovery unit; 2-1, a first-stage compressor; 2-2, an evaporative condenser; 2-3, a primary switch valve; 2-4, a first-stage expansion valve; 2-5, an evaporator; 2-6, a secondary compressor; 2-7, a secondary switch valve; 2-8, a two-stage expansion valve; 2-9, a three-stage switch valve; 2-10, three-stage expansion valve; 2-11, an economizer;
3. an exhaust gas treatment device;
4. a deodorizing unit; 4-1, a gas-liquid separation tank; 4-2, a condensate pump; 4-3, a circulating pump; 4-4, washing the tower with water; 4-5, a blowdown pump at the bottom of the tower; 4-6, a first washing filler layer; 4-7, a first nozzle; 4-8, second washing the packing layer; 4-9, a second nozzle; 4-10 parts of a demisting filler layer; 4-11, UV photolysis equipment; 4-12, an activated carbon box;
5. a dust removal unit; 5-1, a first-stage filter; 5-2, a differential pressure gauge; 5-3, a secondary filter; 5-4, a differential pressure gauge; 5-5, a third-level filter; 5-6, differential pressure gauge; 5-7, an auxiliary fan; 5-8, a main fan.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the waste gas treatment device used in the biochemical treatment equipment for kitchen waste of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a waste gas treatment device used in biochemical treatment equipment for kitchen waste in embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a dust removal unit 5, a waste heat recovery unit 2, and a deodorization unit 4, the dust removal unit 5, the waste heat recovery unit 2, and the deodorization unit 4 are sequentially connected by a gas delivery pipeline, waste gas generated by a fermentation chamber 1 is first introduced into the dust removal unit 5 to filter impurities, then introduced into the waste heat recovery unit 2 to recover waste heat, then introduced into the deodorization unit 4 to remove odor, and then discharged to the outside.
The waste gas treatment device in this embodiment adopts the technology of "dust removal + waste heat recovery + deodorization" to handle the waste gas of kitchen garbage biochemical equipment, can realize the requirement of discharge to reach standard, and the waste heat in the waste gas obtains retrieving simultaneously, has realized energy-conserving effect, can eliminate the visual pollution that steam formed in the waste gas in addition.
The structures and functions of the dust removing unit 5, the waste heat recovery unit 2, and the deodorizing unit 4 will be described in detail below, respectively.
Dust removal unit
Because the gas that discharges in the fermentation storehouse 1 contains certain impurity, directly discharges and can cause the pollution to the atmosphere, and the indirect heating equipment (evaporimeter) in the waste heat recovery unit 2 has the requirement to gaseous impurity content moreover, and the impurity content is high and blocks up indirect heating equipment easily, consequently needs to be equipped with gaseous clarification plant. As shown in fig. 3, the dust removing unit 5 includes a plurality of stages of filters each of which the filtration accuracy gradually increases and a fan, and each of the filters is provided with a differential pressure gauge. As shown in FIG. 3, the primary filter 5-1 is provided with a differential pressure gauge 5-2, the secondary filter 5-3 is provided with a differential pressure gauge 5-4, and the tertiary filter 5-5 is provided with a differential pressure gauge 5-6.
The aperture of the filter screen from the first filter to the last filter is smaller and the precision is higher, for example: the first 1 ~ 2mm, the second 100 ~ 150 meshes, can adjust the filter fineness or add filter quantity simultaneously through changing the filter screen specification according to gaseous particulate matter condition. The differential pressure gauge signal may be sent to a control system indicating that the filter needs cleaning to maintain proper operation of the exhaust gas pretreatment unit when any of the differential pressures increases to a set point. If on-line cleaning is needed, valves are arranged on the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of each stage of filter, a bypass pipeline and a bypass valve are arranged at the same time, the front valve and the rear valve of the filter needing to be cleaned are closed, waste gas passes through the bypass pipeline and the bypass valve, and the shutdown of biochemical equipment is avoided.
Preferably, the fan comprises a main fan 5-8 and an auxiliary fan 5-7, an air inlet of the main fan 5-8 is connected with the last-stage filter, an air outlet is connected with the waste heat recovery unit 2, an air inlet of the auxiliary fan 5-7 is connected with the last-stage filter, and an air outlet is connected with the deodorization unit 4.
When the temperature of the fermentation chamber 1 is lower than a set value (such as 55 ℃), the main fan 5-8 is automatically started, waste gas can be discharged into the waste heat recovery unit 2 to be cooled so as to recover waste heat, an outlet pipeline of the auxiliary fan 5-7 crosses the waste heat recovery unit 2 and is directly discharged into the deodorization unit 4, the auxiliary fan 5-7 aims to prevent the insufficient oxygen supply amount for fermentation bacteria when the main fan 5-8 is not started for a long time, the fermentation chamber 1 is kept to have proper oxygen supply, the control mode is that the main fan 5-8 is automatically started when the stop time exceeds a certain numerical value, and if an instrument for monitoring the oxygen concentration is arranged in the fermentation chamber 1, the instrument can be automatically started according to the oxygen content.
Waste heat recovery unit
As shown in fig. 3, the waste heat recovery unit 2 includes a first-stage heat recovery unit and a second-stage heat recovery unit, waste gas generated by the fermentation chamber 1 is introduced into the first-stage heat recovery unit and is discharged after heat exchange of the first-stage heat recovery unit, the second-stage heat recovery unit and the first-stage heat recovery unit form a heat exchange combination, the first-stage heat recovery unit transfers heat recovered from the waste gas to the second-stage heat recovery unit, the second-stage heat recovery unit is connected with the heaters 1-7 of the fermentation chamber 1 and transfers the heat to the heaters 1-7, and the highest temperature of a refrigerant in the second-stage heat recovery unit is higher than the working temperature of heat conducting oil in the.
Because the temperature of the heat conduction oil for heating the fermentation bin 1 is high, the waste gas can not directly transfer heat to the heat conduction oil, and the waste gas can be heated for the fermentation bin 1 only after being heated, the waste heat recovery unit 2 in the embodiment adopts a heat pump technology to convert a low-grade heat source in the waste gas into a high-grade heat source for heating the fermentation bin, so that the waste gas heat is efficiently recovered, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
In order to realize heat circulation among different step heat sources, a low-temperature refrigerant flows in the primary heat recovery unit, and the highest temperature reaches 60-70 ℃; high-temperature refrigerants circulate in the secondary heat recovery unit, and the highest temperature reaches 130-140 ℃. When the fermentation chamber 1 works, the temperature of heat conducting oil in the heaters 1-7 can reach 100-110 ℃, and the highest temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant is higher than the working temperature of the heat conducting oil in the heaters 1-7.
Preferably, the low-temperature refrigerant is R134a, and the high-temperature refrigerant is R245 fa.
As shown in fig. 3, the primary heat recovery unit comprises a primary compressor 2-1, an evaporative condenser 2-2, a primary switch valve 2-3, a primary expansion valve 2-4, and an evaporator 2-5, which are connected in sequence by a refrigerant conveying pipeline; the waste gas is led into the evaporator 2-5 to exchange heat with the refrigerant, and the first-stage heat recovery unit transfers the recovered heat to the second-stage heat recovery unit through the evaporative condenser 2-2.
The evaporator 2-5 is internally provided with a heat exchange pipeline, the shell is provided with a refrigerant input port and a refrigerant output port, the refrigerant input port is connected with the output port of the primary expansion valve 2-4, and the refrigerant output port is connected with the input port of the primary compressor 2-1.
The interior of the evaporative condenser 2-2 is provided with a heat exchange pipeline, and the shell is provided with a low-temperature output port, a low-temperature input port, a high-temperature output port and a high-temperature input port. The low-temperature input port is connected with the output port of the first-stage compressor 2-1, and the low-temperature output port is connected with the input port of the first-stage switch valve 2-3.
The secondary heat recovery unit comprises a secondary compressor 2-6, a secondary switch valve 2-7 and a secondary expansion valve 2-8 which are sequentially connected through a refrigerant conveying pipeline; the output port of the second-stage expansion valve 2-8 is connected with the high-temperature input port of the evaporative condenser 2-2, the high-temperature output port of the evaporative condenser 2-2 is connected with the input port of the second-stage compressor 2-6, and the output port of the second-stage compressor 2-6 is connected with the heater 1-7 of the fermentation bin 1.
The heaters 1 to 7 comprise devices such as a jacket 1 to 3, an electric heating element 1 to 5 and the like, and a heat exchange pipeline with a U-shaped pipe structure is required to be arranged, the pipe side of the heat exchange pipeline is connected with a refrigerant conveying pipeline of the secondary heat recovery unit, and the heat exchange pipeline can extend into the jacket 1 to 3 to exchange heat with heat conduction oil. The heat exchange pipeline is provided with an input port and an output port, and high-temperature refrigerant flows into the heat exchange pipeline from the input port and flows out of the heat exchange pipeline from the output port after exchanging heat with heat conduction oil.
The primary switch valve 2-3 and the secondary switch valve 2-7 can adopt electromagnetic valves to realize automatic control.
As shown in fig. 3, the shell of the evaporator 2-5 is further provided with a waste gas inlet, a waste gas outlet, and a condensed water outlet; the waste gas input port is connected with the exhaust port 1-2 of the fermentation bin 1, the waste gas output port is connected with the subsequent treatment device, the waste gas after heat recovery and temperature reduction is further optimized in the subsequent treatment device, and the treatment such as deodorization, dust removal and the like is mainly carried out; the condensed water output port is connected with a wastewater treatment device, so that the condensed water is further utilized, and no secondary pollution is generated.
The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the evaporator 2-5 is 15 ℃ or lower. It can be seen that, if the heat transfer efficiency is not considered, the waste heat recovery unit 2 in the present embodiment can achieve the heat transfer from all the recovery heaters 1 to 7 through the conduction oil.
The heat recovery operation process of the waste heat recovery unit 2 in this embodiment is described in detail as follows:
the primary compressor, the evaporative condenser, the primary switch valve, the primary expansion valve and the evaporator form a primary heating cycle, and the secondary compressor, the secondary expansion valve, the evaporative condenser, the fermentation bin heater and the economizer form a secondary heating cycle, namely the evaporative condenser is a two-cycle shared device. If R134a refrigerant is selected in the first-stage cycle and R245fa refrigerant is selected in the second-stage cycle, the first-stage refrigerant absorbs the heat of the waste gas in the evaporator and then is subjected to isothermal evaporation, the compression temperature of the refrigerant is increased by using a first-stage compressor and then enters an evaporation condenser, the temperature of the refrigerant reaches 60-70 ℃, isobaric condensation is performed in the evaporation condenser, the heat is transferred to the refrigerant of the second-stage cycle at 50-60 ℃, the temperature of the waste gas emitting the heat is reduced from 50-65 ℃ to below 15 ℃ for subsequent treatment and then is discharged, the first-stage refrigerant emitting the heat enters a first-stage expansion valve for throttling and temperature reduction, then enters the evaporator to absorb the heat and gasify, and. The secondary circulating refrigerant enters the evaporative condenser to absorb heat and then is changed into a gas state from a liquid state, enters the secondary compressor to be compressed, can reach 130-140 ℃, then enters a heater of the fermentation bin to be condensed at equal pressure to release heat, transfers the heat to heat-conducting oil, finally heats the material, and can reach the temperature of 100-110 ℃ so as to meet the purpose of heating the material. The condensed and heat-released second-stage refrigerant enters a second-stage expansion valve for throttling and cooling, and then enters an evaporative condenser for absorbing heat for the next cycle.
Now, a kitchen waste device with a daily treatment capacity of 5 tons is exemplified, and the 24-hour reduction rate of the kitchen waste device is generally required to reach 90%. Through calculation and actual measurement, the amount of water discharged from a fermentation chamber through a gas phase is about 2 tons/day, if the device is continuously operated for 24 hours, the actual heating power is about 60-70 kw by adopting an electric heating mode in consideration of introduced air heating, heat loss and the like, and the calculation is carried out according to 70 kw.
The electric power for heat recovery accounting by the waste heat recovery unit 2 in this embodiment is as follows:
for the first-stage circulation, R134a is selected as refrigerant, the evaporation temperature is 10 deg.C, the condensation temperature is 65 deg.C, and the first-stage circulation heating Coefficient (COP) is obtained by selecting proper compressorH1)＝3.588。
For the secondary cycle, R245fa is selected as refrigerant, the evaporation temperature is 60 deg.C, the condensation temperature is 115 deg.C, and the second cycle heating Coefficient (COP) is obtained by selecting proper compressorH2)＝3.664。
According to the heating coefficients of the two cycles, the total COP (coefficient of performance) can be calculatedGeneral assembly2.1, the heat quantity obtained by the heater of the fermentation chamber is 2.1 times of that of the compressor, so the total power of the two circulation compressors is 70/2.1-33.3 kw, and no other main electric equipment is used.
From the above data, it can be seen that this system can save more than 50% of the power compared to direct electrical heating.
The waste heat recovery unit 2 in this embodiment adopts the cascade heat pump to carry out heat recovery, can reduce the waste gas of 50 ~ 65 ℃ to below 15 ℃, and a large amount of heats can be retrieved in the waste gas, and the heat output temperature is high simultaneously. Compared with the electrically heated fermentation bin with the same scale, the total power of the device is less than 50% of the power of the electrically heated fermentation bin, and a large amount of electric energy can be saved.
Most of water vapor is condensed during heat recovery, so that the water vapor in the waste gas is greatly reduced, the effect of eliminating white of the waste gas is achieved, and the discharged waste gas cannot cause visual pollution to nearby residential areas.
Third, deodorizing unit
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the deodorization unit 4 includes a gas-liquid separation tank 4-1 and a water washing tower 4-4, the waste gas output by waste heat recovery is introduced into the gas-liquid separation tank 4-1, the gas-liquid separation tank 4-1 separates liquid contained in the waste gas, and then the waste gas is introduced into the water washing tower 4-4, and the separated liquid is discharged to a wastewater treatment apparatus through a condensate water pump 4-2.
As shown in figure 2, a demisting packing layer 4-10, a second nozzle 4-9, a second washing packing layer 4-8, a first nozzle 4-7 and a first washing packing layer 4-6 are arranged inside a washing tower 4-4 from top to bottom, a water storage chamber is arranged below the first washing packing layer 4-6, an air outlet is arranged at the top of the washing tower 4-4 above the demisting packing layer 4-10, and treated waste gas is discharged outwards through the air outlet. Two layers of water washing packing layers are arranged, so that the waste gas purification effect can be improved, and most of odor and particulate matters contained in the waste gas can be removed.
The water storage chamber is provided with an air inlet, a water inlet and two water outlets, the air inlet is located on the upper side wall of the water storage chamber, the water inlet is located on the middle side wall of the water storage chamber, and the water outlets are located on the lower side wall of the water storage chamber.
The air inlet is respectively connected with a dust removal unit 5 (connected with an auxiliary fan 5-7) and an air-liquid separation tank 4-1, the water inlet is connected with an external water source, and fresh water is supplemented to the water storage chamber at regular intervals;
the two water outlets are respectively connected with a circulating pump 4-3 and a bottom sewage pump 4-5, the water outlet of the circulating pump 4-3 is connected with a nozzle 4-7, water at the bottom of the water storage chamber is conveyed to the nozzle 4-7 through the circulating pump 4-3 for spraying, the water outlet of the bottom sewage pump 4-5 is connected to a wastewater treatment device, and water at the bottom of the water storage chamber is periodically discharged.
As shown in FIG. 2, the outlet port is connected to the UV photolysis apparatus 4-11 and the activated carbon tank 4-12, and the exhaust gas is UV-irradiated through the UV photolysis apparatus 4-11, then adsorbed through the activated carbon tank 4-12, and finally discharged to the outside. The UV photolysis device 4-11 and the activated carbon box 4-12 can be made into the same cross section size for combined installation, so that the device is more compact and the occupied area of the device is saved.
The demisting filler layer 4-10 adopts multi-surface hollow ball filler made of PP; the first water-washing filler layer 4-6 and the second water-washing filler layer 4-8 adopt Raschig ring fillers or pall ring fillers, and the materials are PP.
The activated carbon box 4-12 is filled with honeycomb activated carbon. The honeycomb activated carbon has the advantages that the base material structure is a three-dimensional structure, so that the contact time and the contact area of gas and the activated carbon can be increased, the adsorption efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the wind resistance is small.
The waste gas of the kitchen waste biochemical equipment mainly comprises air and steam and contains certain odor components, through detection, the total content of the odor components is not high, ammonia is mainly used normally, trace carbon disulfide exists, if stirring ventilation is not ideal, an anaerobic environment is formed, hydrogen sulfide can be generated, an auxiliary fan 5-7 of the dust removal unit 5 is specially arranged for adjusting the oxygen content in the fermentation bin, and other trace odor components can exist in the waste gas except the gas components. Ammonia gas is a gas which is very soluble in water and has low content in waste gas, hydrogen sulfide is a gas which is soluble in water, and other components are not easy to dissolve in water but have very low content. The deodorization unit 4 adopts a mode of 'water washing + UV photolysis + activated carbon adsorption' for deodorization, the water washing is carried out in a water washing tower, most of ammonia gas and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide can be removed, the ammonia gas, the hydrogen sulfide, the carbon disulfide and other components which are not removed enter a UV photolysis device, the UV photolysis device is provided with a UV lamp tube, the UV lamp tube can release high-energy UV light beams, the light beams can break chemical bonds of waste gas components on one hand to form free atoms or groups, on the other hand, oxygen in the waste gas can be cracked, then ozone is generated by combination, the ozone participates in the reaction, and the odor components are finally cracked and oxidized into simple stable compounds. The waste gas may still contain trace amount of odor components after passing through the UV photolysis equipment, and is finally introduced into an activated carbon box for treatment, and the activated carbon is filled in the activated carbon box and can adsorb the residual odor components by virtue of the strong specific surface area of the activated carbon.
The operation of the deodorizing unit 4 is explained in detail as follows:
the waste gas containing a large amount of condensed water after dust removal and waste heat recovery firstly enters a gas-liquid separation tank 4-1, the separated condensed water is discharged by a condensed water pump 4-2 for sewage treatment, the gas from which the condensed water is separated enters a water washing tower 4-4 for water washing deodorization, circulating water which is respectively conveyed to a first nozzle 4-7 and a second nozzle 4-9 by a circulating water pump 4-3 is reversely contacted with the waste gas for removing ammonia gas and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide gas in a first water washing filler layer 4-6 and a second water washing filler layer 4-8, fresh water for washing is periodically discharged from the outside for supplement, simultaneously the sewage is discharged by a bottom sewage discharge pump 4-5 after circulating for a certain time for ensuring the water washing effect, the gas which absorbs the ammonia gas and part of the hydrogen sulfide continuously enters a demisting layer 4-10 for removing liquid drops carried in the gas, and then the gas sequentially enters a UV photolysis device 4-11 and an activated carbon box 4-12, residual ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and trace other odor components can be removed through the UV photolysis device 4-11, a small amount of untreated odor components are adsorbed in the activated carbon box 4-12, and the deodorization process is finally completed. As can be seen from the deodorization process, in the water washing tower 4-4, not only the odor component is removed, but also the trace particulate matters contained in the gas are simultaneously removed in the water washing packing layer, so that the finally discharged gas can be discharged more easily up to the standard.
The waste gas treatment device in this embodiment adopts the technology of "dust removal + waste heat recovery + deodorization" to handle kitchen garbage biochemical equipment's waste gas, can realize the requirement of discharge to reach standard, and the waste heat in the waste gas obtains retrieving simultaneously, has realized energy-conserving effect, can eliminate the visual pollution that steam formed in the waste gas in addition.
Adopt overlapping formula heat pump to carry out waste heat recovery, exhaust emission temperature is low, and the heat of retrieving is many, and the heat output temperature is high simultaneously, can not influence the biochemical effect in fermentation storehouse, and the waste gas that has lower temperature is more ideal to the effect that the ammonia was removed in the washing in addition.
According to foul smell component in the waste gas, the mode of "washing + UV photodissociation + active carbon adsorption" combination is adopted in the deodorization process, and deodorization is thorough, can also further detach the trace particulate matter of waste gas through the washing simultaneously, more does benefit to the emission up to standard of waste gas particulate matter.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, a waste gas treatment device used in biochemical treatment equipment for kitchen waste in embodiment 2 of the present invention is different from that in embodiment 1 in that:
the secondary heat recovery unit of the waste heat recovery unit 2 also comprises an economizer 2-11, a three-level switch valve 2-9 and a three-level expansion valve 2-10; an output port of a heater 1-7 of the fermentation bin 1 is connected with two refrigerant backflow paths, the first refrigerant backflow path flows back to a second-stage compressor 2-6 through an economizer 2-11, a second-stage switch valve 2-7, a second-stage expansion valve 2-8 and an evaporative condenser 2-2, and the second refrigerant backflow path flows back to the second-stage compressor 2-6 through a third-stage switch valve 2-9, a third-stage expansion valve 2-10 and the economizer 2-11.
The second refrigerant backflow path forms an air-supplying enthalpy-increasing pipeline, the evaporation temperature of the secondary circulation can be lower through air-supplying enthalpy increasing, the optimal working temperature of the primary circulation and the secondary circulation can be realized, and the integral maximum working efficiency, namely the total COP (coefficient of performance) is maximum is achieved.
The three-stage switch valves 2-9 can adopt electromagnetic valves to realize automatic control.
Other structures of the exhaust gas treatment device in the present embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and a description thereof will not be repeated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a waste gas treatment device who uses among kitchen garbage biochemical treatment equipment, its characterized in that, includes dust removal unit, waste heat recovery unit and deodorization unit, dust removal unit, waste heat recovery unit and deodorization unit connect gradually through gas transmission pipeline, and the waste gas that the fermentation storehouse produced is at first leading-in dust removal unit filtration impurity, then leading-in waste heat recovery unit retrieves the waste heat, then leading-in deodorization unit gets rid of the stink, then outwards discharges.
2. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the dust removal unit includes a plurality of stages of filters each of which has gradually increased filtration accuracy and a fan, and each of the filters is provided with a differential pressure gauge.
3. The exhaust gas treatment device of claim 2, wherein the fan comprises a main fan and an auxiliary fan, an air inlet of the main fan is connected with the final stage of the filter, an air outlet of the main fan is connected with the residual heat recovery unit, an air inlet of the auxiliary fan is connected with the final stage of the filter, and an air outlet of the auxiliary fan is connected with the deodorization unit.
4. The waste gas treatment device of claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery unit comprises a primary heat recovery unit and a secondary heat recovery unit, the waste gas output by the dust removal unit is introduced into the primary heat recovery unit and is discharged after heat exchange of the primary heat recovery unit, the secondary heat recovery unit and the primary heat recovery unit form a heat exchange combination, the primary heat recovery unit transfers heat recovered from the waste gas to the secondary heat recovery unit, the secondary heat recovery unit is connected with the heater of the fermentation bin to transfer heat to the heater, and the lowest temperature of a refrigerant in the secondary heat recovery unit is higher than the working temperature of heat conducting oil in the heater.
5. The waste gas treatment device of claim 4, wherein a low-temperature refrigerant flows through the primary heat recovery unit, and the maximum temperature reaches 60-70 ℃; high-temperature refrigerants circulate in the secondary heat recovery unit, and the highest temperature reaches 130-140 ℃.
6. The exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the deodorization unit includes a gas-liquid separation tank into which the exhaust gas output by the waste heat recovery is introduced, and a water washing tower into which the exhaust gas is introduced after separating liquid contained in the exhaust gas, and the separated liquid is discharged to the wastewater treatment device by a condensate pump.
7. The waste gas treatment device of claim 6, wherein the washing tower is internally provided with a demisting filler layer, a second nozzle, a second washing filler layer, a first nozzle and a first washing filler layer from top to bottom, a water storage chamber is arranged below the first washing filler layer, an air outlet is arranged at the top of the washing tower above the demisting filler layer, and treated waste gas is discharged outwards through the air outlet.
8. The exhaust gas treatment device of claim 7, wherein the water storage chamber is provided with an air inlet, a water inlet and two water outlets, the air inlet is located on the upper side wall of the water storage chamber, the water inlet is located on the middle side wall of the water storage chamber, and the water outlets are located on the lower side wall of the water storage chamber.
9. The exhaust gas treatment device of claim 8, wherein the gas inlet is connected to the dust removal unit and the gas-liquid separation tank, respectively, the water inlet is connected to an external water source, and the water storage chamber is periodically replenished with fresh water;
two the delivery port is connected with circulating pump and dredge pump at the bottom of the tower respectively, the delivery port of circulating pump is connected the nozzle, the water process of reservoir bottom the circulating pump carries extremely the nozzle sprays, the delivery port of dredge pump is connected to effluent treatment plant at the bottom of the tower, regularly discharges the water of reservoir bottom.
10. The waste gas treatment device of claim 7, wherein the gas outlet is connected with a UV photolysis device and an activated carbon box, and waste gas is subjected to UV irradiation by the UV photolysis device, then is adsorbed by the activated carbon box and finally is discharged outwards;
the demisting filler layer is filled with multi-surface hollow spheres, the first water washing filler layer and the second water washing filler layer are filled with Raschig rings or pall rings, and the activated carbon box is filled with honeycomb activated carbon.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111762948A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 浙江冰立方环保科技有限公司 | Waste gas heat recycling system of biochemical treatment device in kitchen waste treatment equipment |
| CN113101784A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 广东亿云智能环保科技有限公司 | Kitchen garbage biodegradable exhaust-gas treatment and waste heat recovery integrated device |
| CN113521927A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-22 | 南京同诚节能环保装备研究院有限公司 | Method for treating xylene waste gas |
-
2020
- 2020-04-26 CN CN202010339418.0A patent/CN111408200A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111762948A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-13 | 浙江冰立方环保科技有限公司 | Waste gas heat recycling system of biochemical treatment device in kitchen waste treatment equipment |
| CN113101784A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 广东亿云智能环保科技有限公司 | Kitchen garbage biodegradable exhaust-gas treatment and waste heat recovery integrated device |
| CN113521927A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-22 | 南京同诚节能环保装备研究院有限公司 | Method for treating xylene waste gas |
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