CN111407303A - Scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of X-ray source and control method thereof - Google Patents
Scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of X-ray source and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of X-ray shooting equipment, in particular to a scanning type beam limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source and a scanning control method thereof. The invention adopts the following technical scheme: the scanning device comprises a scanning collimation block, a scanning direction limiting block and a scanning driving device; the scanning collimation block is driven by the scanning driving device to move along the direction of the first scanning limiting block towards the second scanning limiting block along the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block. The invention has the advantages that: the scanning collimation block with a unit light field channel in the middle is driven to move along the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block with an effective light field opening in the middle for scanning, and the scattered X-rays are shielded and absorbed by the scanning collimation block, the scanning direction limiting block and the transverse limiting block by matching with the transverse limiting block, so that the instantaneous radiation dose and the total radiation dose of the environment are reduced, medical staff and a photographed person are protected, and the image quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of X-ray shooting equipment, in particular to a scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source and a control method thereof.
Background
When medical X-ray detection is carried out, the conventional collimator adjusts the size of an X-ray light field by adjusting the size of a window, the radiation dose and the radiation dose rate in the environment are related to the exposure parameters of X-rays, and the shielding performance of the collimator is related to the size of the light field. In particular, when X-rays are emitted from a collimator, there are a large number of stray rays in the X-ray beam that scatter directly into the environment, causing radiation contamination and affecting image quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source and a control method thereof, which can reduce the instantaneous radiation dose and the total radiation dose of the environment, thereby protecting medical personnel and a photographed person and improving the image quality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source comprises a scanning collimation block, a scanning direction limiting block and a scanning driving device, wherein the scanning collimation block comprises a first collimation block and a second collimation block, the scanning direction limiting block comprises a first scanning direction limiting block and a second scanning direction limiting block, the first collimation block and the second collimation block are separated to form a unit light field channel, and the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block are separated to form an effective light field opening; the scanning collimation block is driven by the scanning driving device to move along the direction of the first scanning limiting block towards the second scanning limiting block along the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block.
Furthermore, a transverse limiting block is arranged between the first collimating block and the second collimating block, the transverse limiting block comprises a first transverse limiting block and a second transverse limiting block, and the first transverse limiting block and the second transverse limiting block are movably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first collimating block and the second collimating block respectively.
Furthermore, a starting point proximity switch is arranged on the first scanning direction limiting block, a finishing point proximity switch is arranged on the second scanning direction limiting block, a first trigger piece which is correspondingly matched with the starting point proximity switch is arranged at the edge, close to the second collimating block, of the bottom of the first collimating block, and a second trigger piece which is correspondingly matched with the finishing point proximity switch is arranged at the edge, close to the first collimating block, of the bottom of the second collimating block.
Furthermore, a first buffer area is formed between the starting point proximity switch and the edge of the first scanning direction limiting block close to the second scanning direction limiting block, a second buffer area is formed between the ending point proximity switch and the edge of the second scanning direction limiting block close to the first scanning direction limiting block, and the widths of the first buffer area and the second buffer area are both larger than the width between the bottoms of the first collimation block and the second collimation block.
Furthermore, the cross sections of the first collimation block, the second collimation block, the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block are all sector-ring shapes taking the focus of the X-ray bulb tube as the center of a circle, and the scanning driving device drives the first collimation block and the second collimation block to make circular arc motion along the upper surfaces of the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block by taking the focus of the X-ray bulb tube as the center of a circle.
Preferably, a gap is formed between the bottom of the scanning collimation block and the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block; a gap is arranged between the transverse limiting block and the scanning collimation block.
A scanning control method of a scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source comprises the following steps:
and S01, setting the running speed of the scanning collimation block according to the exposure parameters of the X-ray source.
And S02, triggering an instruction for starting scanning to enable the scanning collimation block to operate according to the set operation speed.
S03, before a unit light field channel between the first scanning collimation block and the second scanning collimation block enters an effective light field opening between the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block, the X-ray bulb tube is controlled to start exposure, and after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening, the X-ray bulb tube finishes exposure.
And S04, after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening, stopping scanning and resetting the scanning collimation block.
Specifically, in step S01, the operation speed of the scanning collimator block is according to the formula: scanning speed = unit field width/illumination time calculated according to the formula: exposure time = target current time product/X-ray source tube current.
Further, in step S03, before the unit light field channel enters the effective light field opening, the first trigger piece at the bottom of the first collimating block triggers the starting point approach switch on the first scanning direction limiting block to control the X-ray tube to start exposure; after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening, a second trigger sheet at the bottom of the second collimation block triggers a terminal approach switch on the second scanning direction limiting block and controls the X-ray bulb tube to finish exposure.
Furthermore, when the scanning collimation block is reset, the first trigger piece on the first collimation block triggers the starting point on the first scanning direction limiting block to approach the switch and then the scanning direction limiting block stops.
The invention has the advantages that: the scanning collimation block with the unit light field channel in the middle is driven to move along the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block with the effective light field opening in the middle for scanning, and meanwhile, the transverse limiting block is matched, so that X rays can only be emitted from the unit light field channel in the middle of the scanning collimation block and can be scanned along the effective light field opening, and other scattered X rays are shielded and absorbed by the scanning collimation block, the scanning direction limiting block and the transverse limiting block, thereby reducing the instantaneous radiation dose and the total radiation dose of the environment, protecting medical care personnel and a photographed person, and improving the image quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a beam limiting collimation mechanism in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a beam limiting collimation mechanism in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the beam limiting collimator in the embodiment during the photographing process;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a control method of the beam limiting collimation mechanism in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-3, a scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source comprises a scanning collimation block 1, a scanning direction limiting block 2 and a scanning driving device 3, wherein the scanning collimation block 1 comprises a first collimation block 11 and a second collimation block 12, the scanning direction limiting block 2 comprises a first scanning direction limiting block 21 and a second scanning direction limiting block 22, a unit light field channel 13 is formed between the first collimation block 11 and the second collimation block 12 in a spaced mode, and an effective light field opening 23 is formed between the first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22 in a spaced mode; the scanning collimator block 1 is moved by the scanning drive 3 in the direction of the first scanning limit block 21 towards the second scanning limit block 22 against the upper surface of the scanning limit block 2.
In this embodiment, the scanning collimation block 1 is used for beam-limiting collimation of the X-ray emitted from the X-ray tube, so that the X-ray emitted from the X-ray tube can only pass through the unit light field channel 13 between the first collimation block 11 and the second collimation block 12, and the others can be shielded and absorbed by the first collimation block 11 and the second collimation block 12, when the scanning collimation block 1 is moved for scanning, the X-ray emitted from the X-ray tube can move along with the movement of the unit light field channel 13 of the scanning collimation block, the scanning collimation block 1 moves along the upper surface of the scanning direction limiting block 2, so that the unit light field channel 13 can move along the effective light field opening 23 between the first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22 for scanning, and the X-ray emitted from the X-ray tube can be scanned and detected along the effective light field opening 23 with the width of the unit light field channel 13, thereby meeting the area needing to be shot; the actual width of the emitted X-ray is only the width of the unit light field channel 13, and the width is smaller, so that the control is easier, and the instantaneous radiation dose of the X-ray in the environment can be reduced; the scanning collimation block 1 and the scanning direction limiting block 2 can effectively inhibit X rays scattered into the environment during exposure of the X-ray bulb tube, and reduce the total radiation dose in the environment, thereby protecting medical personnel and a photographed person and improving the image quality. The first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22 can be adjusted to move left and right along the scanning direction of the scanning collimation block 1, so that the width of the effective light field opening 23 can be adjusted as required, namely the range of X-ray scanning is adjusted.
The transverse limiting blocks 4 are further arranged between the first collimating block 11 and the second collimating block 12, each transverse limiting block 4 comprises a first transverse limiting block 41 and a second transverse limiting block 42, and the first transverse limiting block 41 and the second transverse limiting block 42 are movably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first collimating block 11 and the rear end of the second collimating block 12 respectively. The transverse limiting block 4 limits the front end and the rear end of the unit light field channel between the first collimating block 11 and the second collimating block 12, so as to further limit the length of the unit light field channel 13, wherein the first transverse limiting block 41 and the second transverse limiting block 42 can move back and forth along the unit light field channel 13 between the first collimating block 11 and the second collimating block 12, so as to adjust the length of the unit light field channel 13, and thus adjust the total area of the X-ray scanning. The scanning collimation block 1, the scanning direction limiting block 2 and the transverse limiting block 4 are all made of materials with good X-ray shielding and absorbing performance, such as aluminum blocks or lead blocks.
Specifically, the cross sections of the first collimating block 11, the second collimating block 12, the first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22 are all sector rings with the focus P of the X-ray tube as the center of circle, and the scanning driving device 3 drives the first collimating block 11 and the second collimating block 12 to make circular arc motion with the focus P of the X-ray tube as the center of circle by adhering to the upper surfaces of the first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22.
Furthermore, a starting point proximity switch 211 is arranged on the first scanning direction limiting block 21, an ending point proximity switch 221 is arranged on the second scanning direction limiting block 22, a first trigger piece 111 correspondingly matched with the starting point proximity switch 211 is arranged at the edge of the bottom of the first collimating block 11 close to the second collimating block 12, and a second trigger piece 121 correspondingly matched with the ending point proximity switch 221 is arranged at the edge of the bottom of the second collimating block 12 close to the first collimating block 11.
In a further embodiment, a starting point proximity switch 211, a first trigger sheet 111, an end point proximity switch 221 and a second trigger sheet 121 which are correspondingly matched are arranged on the scanning direction limiting block 2 and the scanning collimation block 1, so that the relative position of the unit light field channel 13 of the scanning collimation block in the effective light field opening 23 of the scanning direction limiting block 2 can be detected, and the scanning direction limiting block can be used for controlling the X-ray tube and the scanning driving device 3; specifically, the starting proximity switch 211 is disposed on the first scanning direction limiting block 21, the first trigger piece 111 is disposed at the bottom of the first collimating block 11 near the edge of the second collimating block 12, the ending proximity switch 221 is disposed on the second scanning direction limiting block 22, and the second trigger piece 121 is disposed at the bottom of the second collimating block 12 near the edge of the first collimating block 11; when the scanning collimation block 1 is driven by the scanning driving device 3 to move from the first scanning direction limiting block 21 to the second scanning direction limiting block 22, namely to move along the scanning direction, so that the first trigger sheet 111 at the bottom of the first collimation block 11 reaches the position above the starting point proximity switch 211, the starting point proximity switch 211 is triggered, the X-ray tube is controlled to start exposure, then the scanning driving device 3 continuously drives the scanning collimation block 1 to move along the scanning direction, so that the unit light field channel 13 passes through the effective light field opening 23 to carry out scanning detection, when the second trigger sheet 121 at the bottom of the second collimation block 12 reaches the position above the ending point proximity switch 221, the ending point contact switch 221 is triggered, the X-ray tube is controlled to end exposure, meanwhile, the scanning driving device 3 is controlled to stop driving, and moves along the opposite direction of the scanning direction, namely to the resetting direction, and in the resetting process, when the first trigger sheet 111 of the first collimation block 11 reaches the position above the starting point proximity switch 211, when the starting point proximity switch 211 is triggered, the scanning driving device 3 is controlled in a delayed manner to stop driving the scanning collimation block 1 to move, and the delay time can be determined according to the speed of the scanning driving device 3 driving the scanning collimation block 1, which is generally a few tenths of a second. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the first and second trigger pieces 111 and 121 from being confused by the triggering of the starting point proximity switch 211 and the ending point proximity switch 221, the first and second trigger pieces 111 and 211 and the second and ending point proximity switches 121 and 221 may be disposed to be staggered with each other, that is, the first trigger piece 111 and the starting point proximity switch 211 and the second trigger piece 121 and the ending point proximity switch 221 are located on different vertical planes, so that the second trigger piece 121 may not trigger the starting point proximity switch 211 by mistake, and the first trigger piece 111 may not trigger the ending point proximity switch 221 by mistake. The starting proximity switch 211 and the ending proximity switch 221 may be hall proximity switches, and correspondingly, the first trigger piece 111 and the second trigger piece 121 are made of magnetic materials.
Specifically, a first buffer area 241 is formed between the starting point proximity switch 211 and the edge of the first scanning direction limiting block 21 close to the second scanning direction limiting block 22, a second buffer area 242 is formed between the ending point proximity switch 221 and the edge of the second scanning direction limiting block 22 close to the first scanning direction limiting block 21, and the widths of the first buffer area 241 and the second buffer area 242 are both larger than the width of the unit light field channel 13 between the bottoms of the first collimating block 11 and the second collimating block 12. The first buffer 241 and the second buffer 242 are used to ensure that the X-ray tube has enough pre-exposure time when the unit light field channel 13 enters and leaves the effective light field opening 23, because the widths of the first buffer 241 and the second buffer 242 are both greater than the width of the unit light field channel 13, before the unit light field channel 13 enters the effective light field opening 23, the first trigger 111 already triggers the starting proximity switch 211 to make the X-ray tube start exposure, thereby ensuring that the X-ray tube can emit stable and effective X-rays when the unit light field channel 13 enters the effective light field opening 23, after the unit light field channel 13 leaves the effective light field opening 23, the second trigger 121 will trigger the ending proximity switch 221 to make the X-ray tube end exposure, thereby ensuring that the X-ray tube can still emit stable and effective X-rays when the unit light field channel 13 leaves the effective light field opening 23, thereby ensuring uniform irradiation intensity in the effective light field opening 23 and improving detection effectiveness.
Referring to fig. 4, the present application also provides a scanning control method for a scanning beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source, including the following steps:
and S01, setting the running speed of the scanning collimation block according to the exposure parameters of the X-ray source.
And S02, triggering an instruction for starting scanning, so that the scanning collimation block 1 runs at the set running speed.
S03, before the unit light field channel 13 between the first collimation block 11 and the second collimation block 12 enters the effective light field opening 23 between the first scanning direction limiting block 21 and the second scanning direction limiting block 22, the X-ray bulb tube is controlled to start exposure, and after the unit light field channel 13 leaves the effective light field opening 23, the X-ray bulb tube finishes exposure.
And S04, after the unit light field channel 13 leaves the effective light field opening 23, stopping scanning and resetting the scanning collimation block 1.
Specifically, in step S01, the operation speed of the scanning collimator block is according to the formula: scanning speed = unit light field width/irradiation time, wherein the irradiation time is calculated according to the formula: the irradiation time = target current time product/X-ray source tube current, wherein the target current time product represents the irradiation intensity of the target, the value can be set according to actual requirements, and the X-ray tube current is a parameter of the X-ray source and is set according to specific requirements.
Specifically, in step S03, before the unit light field channel 13 enters the effective light field opening 23, the first trigger piece 111 at the bottom of the first collimating block 11 triggers the starting point proximity switch 211 on the first scanning direction limiting block 21 to control the X-ray tube to start exposure; after the unit light field channel 13 leaves the effective light field opening 23, the second trigger piece 121 at the bottom of the second collimating block 12 triggers the end point approach switch 221 on the second scanning direction limiting block 22, and the X-ray tube is controlled to end exposure.
Specifically, when the scanning collimation block 1 is reset in step S04, the first trigger piece 111 on the first collimation block 11 triggers the start proximity switch 211 on the first scanning direction limiting block 21 to stop delaying.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, therefore, all equivalent changes in the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source is characterized in that: the scanning direction limiting block comprises a first scanning direction limiting block and a second scanning direction limiting block, the first collimating block and the second collimating block are separated to form a unit light field channel, and the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block are separated to form an effective light field opening; the scanning collimation block is driven by the scanning driving device to move along the direction of the first scanning limiting block towards the second scanning limiting block along the upper surface of the scanning limiting block.
2. The scanning beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source, according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a transverse limiting block is arranged between the first collimating block and the second collimating block and comprises a first transverse limiting block and a second transverse limiting block, and the first transverse limiting block and the second transverse limiting block are movably arranged at the front end and the rear end of the first collimating block and the second collimating block respectively.
3. The scanning beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source, according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first scanning direction limiting block is provided with a starting point proximity switch, the second scanning direction limiting block is provided with an end point proximity switch, the edge of the bottom of the first collimating block, which is close to the second collimating block, is provided with a first trigger piece which corresponds to the starting point proximity switch, and the edge of the bottom of the second collimating block, which is close to the first collimating block, is provided with a second trigger piece which corresponds to the end point proximity switch.
4. The scanning beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source, according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a first buffer area is formed between the starting point proximity switch and the edge of the first scanning direction limiting block close to the second scanning direction limiting block, a second buffer area is formed between the ending point proximity switch and the edge of the second scanning direction limiting block close to the first scanning direction limiting block, and the widths of the first buffer area and the second buffer area are both larger than the width between the bottoms of the first collimating block and the second collimating block.
5. The scanning beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source, according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that: the cross sections of the first collimation block, the second collimation block, the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block are all sector-ring shapes taking the focus of the X-ray bulb tube as the circle center, and the scanning driving device drives the first collimation block and the second collimation block to conduct circular arc motion along the upper surfaces of the first scanning direction limiting block and the second scanning direction limiting block by taking the focus of the X-ray bulb tube as the circle center.
6. A scanning control method of a scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of an X-ray source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s01, setting the running speed of a scanning collimation block according to exposure parameters of an X-ray source;
s02, triggering an instruction for starting scanning to enable a scanning collimation block to operate according to a set operation speed;
s03, controlling an X-ray bulb tube to start exposure before a unit light field channel between a first scanning collimation block and a second scanning collimation block enters an effective light field opening between a first scanning direction limiting block and a second scanning direction limiting block, and ending exposure after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening;
and S04, after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening, stopping scanning and resetting the scanning collimation block.
7. The scanning control method of the scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of the X-ray source according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step S01, the operation speed of the scanning collimator block is determined according to the formula: scanning speed = unit field width/illumination time calculated according to the formula: exposure time = target current time product/X-ray source tube current.
8. The scanning control method of the scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of the X-ray source according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step S03, before the unit optical field channel enters the effective optical field opening, the first trigger piece at the bottom of the first collimating block triggers the starting point approach switch on the first scanning direction limiting block and controls the X-ray tube to start exposure; after the unit light field channel leaves the effective light field opening, a second trigger sheet at the bottom of the second collimation block triggers a terminal approach switch on the second scanning direction limiting block and controls the X-ray bulb tube to finish exposure.
9. The scanning control method of the scanning beam limiting collimation mechanism of the X-ray source according to claim 9, characterized in that: when the scanning collimation block is reset, the first trigger piece on the first collimation block triggers the starting point on the first scanning direction limiting block to approach the switch and then the scanning collimation block is stopped in a delayed mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010245044.6A CN111407303A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of X-ray source and control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010245044.6A CN111407303A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Scanning type beam-limiting collimation mechanism of X-ray source and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111407304A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 汕头市超声仪器研究所有限公司 | Shielding collimation structure of X-ray source |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010245044.6A patent/CN111407303A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111407304A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-14 | 汕头市超声仪器研究所有限公司 | Shielding collimation structure of X-ray source |
| CN111407304B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-11-13 | 汕头市超声仪器研究所有限公司 | Shielding collimation structure of X-ray source |
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