CN111403845B - Power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas - Google Patents
Power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111403845B CN111403845B CN202010232849.7A CN202010232849A CN111403845B CN 111403845 B CN111403845 B CN 111403845B CN 202010232849 A CN202010232849 A CN 202010232849A CN 111403845 B CN111403845 B CN 111403845B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6561—Gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas, which comprises a battery cell, a tab air cooling pipe, a controller, an isolation frame, a soaking film, a lower liquid cooling plate, a side heat insulation plate and a bottom heat insulation pad. After the electric cores are grouped, the top is provided with an isolation frame, and the bottom is provided with a lower liquid cooling plate; a pressure relief channel is arranged above the safety valve, and the heat conducting insulating silica gel is arranged in the heat conducting gel filling groove on the isolation frame; a tab air-cooling pipe is arranged right above the positive and negative electrode tabs, and a heat equalizing film is arranged between the tab air-cooling pipe and the tab busbar; an exhaust valve is arranged on the air cooling pipe, and a gas sensor is arranged in the module space. The heat management system is based on heat dissipation of the positive electrode lug and the negative electrode lug, the advantage complementation of air cooling and liquid cooling is realized, the space utilization rate of the heat management system is high, the heat exchange thermal resistance is small, and the cooling effect is good; meanwhile, waste gas in the system can be discharged, and the practicability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermal management system for a power battery.
Background
In recent years, accidents such as smoking, spontaneous combustion, and ignition of new energy automobiles frequently occur, and power batteries are used as core components of the new energy automobiles, and the new energy automobiles are developing towards high energy density, long endurance mileage, short charging time, high safety, high space utilization rate, light weight and long cycle life.
In the safety accident of the new energy automobile, the problem of heat management is obvious. The air-cooled heat management mode system has the advantages of simple structure, small occupied space, light weight, low cost, low energy consumption, no harmful gas accumulation and easy maintenance, but has low air heat conduction coefficient, small heat convection coefficient, long time required for heat dissipation, large inlet-outlet pressure difference, uneven flow field, poor temperature uniformity and poor cooling effect with high discharge rate. The liquid cooling heat management mode has the advantages of large specific heat capacity, high heat conductivity, large heat transfer coefficient, thin boundary layer, strong heat exchange capacity, integrated heat dissipation and preheating, good temperature uniformity, large volume, heavy weight, easy leakage, high cost, high sealing performance and insulating performance requirements (direct liquid cooling), large energy consumption of auxiliary components and complex system.
At present, most of power batteries are internally composed of a positive electrode, a diaphragm, a negative electrode and a battery shell, the diaphragm material is low in heat conductivity coefficient, the heat resistance from the inside of a battery core to the direction vertical to the surface is large, the heat conductivity is poor, and the heat transfer effect is poor. The connecting columns of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery are directly connected with the current collecting plates of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery, the positive electrode of the battery is made of aluminum materials, the negative electrode of the battery is made of nickel, copper or copper nickel-plated materials, and the aluminum and the copper have high heat conductivity, small heat resistance and good heat transfer performance.
In summary, in the technical field of power battery thermal management, a power battery thermal management system which can integrate the top air cooling and the top liquid cooling of a battery module, realize the advantage complementation of the air cooling and liquid cooling heat dissipation modes, and perform efficient heat dissipation based on battery tabs is urgently expected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas, which has the advantages of high space utilization rate, small heat exchange thermal resistance and good cooling effect.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following steps:
the invention relates to a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of exhausting waste gas, which is characterized in that: the battery comprises battery cores, a left end plate, a right end plate, a tab air-cooled pipe and a lower liquid cooling plate, wherein positive and negative tabs between the battery cores are connected through a busbar, all the battery cores are clamped between the left end plate and the right end plate to form a battery module, a left heat insulation pad is arranged between the left end plate and the adjacent battery core, a right heat insulation pad is arranged between the right end plate and the adjacent battery core, an isolation frame is arranged above the battery module and comprises a front channel, a middle channel and a rear channel, heat conduction filling glue is filled in the front channel and the rear channel so as to fill the tabs of the busbar connection battery core to form a module left after the battery module, a top soaking film is laid on a plane formed by filling the heat conduction filling glue, the tab air-cooled pipe is arranged above the top soaking film, the tab air-cooled pipe comprises a tab air-cooled pipe air inlet and a tab air-cooled pipe air outlet, and a tab air-cooled pipe air inlet exhaust valve is arranged behind the tab air-cooled pipe air inlet, the place ahead of utmost point ear air-cooled tube air outlet sets up utmost point ear air-cooled tube air outlet discharge valve, the mid-portion of the U type structure of utmost point ear air-cooled tube sets up middle wind gap, middle wind gap sets up the middle wind gap discharge valve of utmost point ear air-cooled tube, utmost point ear air-cooled tube air intake discharge valve, wind gap discharge valve connection director in the middle of utmost point ear air-cooled tube air outlet discharge valve and the utmost point ear air-cooled tube, lower liquid cooling board sets up in the battery module below, set up end homothermal membrane between lower liquid cooling board and the battery module, lower liquid cooling board includes lower liquid cooling board inlet, lower liquid cooling board liquid outlet, lower liquid cooling board inlet communicates the liquid outlet of liquid cooling machine, lower liquid cooling board liquid outlet communicates the liquid return mouth of liquid cooling machine.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the whole height of isolation frame is greater than the height that battery tab and tie-bar connect the back protrusion battery module, and isolation frame is hollow structure, and hollow portion's space setting is greater than the remaining space after battery module upper portion utmost point ear busbar connects.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas, which can greatly reduce the heat exchange thermal resistance of a battery thermal management system based on the heat dissipation of a battery tab; the isolation frame above the battery module is provided with the high-temperature insulating heat-conducting glue, so that the heat exchange area between the battery lug and the air cooling pipe can be greatly increased, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced; the air cooling and liquid cooling heat management modes are coupled into a whole, so that the defect that the traditional liquid cooling heat dissipation system cannot exhaust waste gas in the system can be greatly overcome, the advantage complementation of the top extreme ear air cooling and the bottom liquid cooling of the battery module is realized, and the safety, the power performance, the economy and the reliability of the whole power battery heat management system are ensured.
2. The invention provides a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of exhausting waste gas, which can improve the consistency of the temperature among battery cores. The graphene film is arranged between the tab air-cooled tube and the high-temperature heat-conducting insulating silica gel filling plane for soaking, so that heat produced at the battery tab can be uniformly and rapidly diffused to the horizontal plane of the tab air-cooled tube and then taken away by cold air. Simultaneously between module bottom and lower liquid cold drawing, change traditional heat conduction silica gel pad and be the homothermal membrane of graphite alkene, can strengthen the module group along the heat transfer rate of horizontal direction, play the soaking effect, compensate the dimensional tolerance between the electric core simultaneously.
3. The invention provides a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas. The heat insulation module can inhibit heat diffusion when the battery monomer is out of control, prevents the heat diffusion from spreading to the whole battery module, improves the safety and stability of the battery module, and is convenient to use safely for a long time.
4. The invention provides a power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas. According to the invention, the traditional partial patent is changed into a mode that the safety valve above the battery cell is directly shielded, and the middle channel of the isolation frame in the system is set as the empty slot, so that when the thermal runaway phenomenon of the battery occurs, the battery cell can be opened to release pressure, and the design can further improve the safety performance of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1, the power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas provided by the invention couples the advantages of air cooling and liquid cooling heat management modes on the basis of not changing the original heat management system, thereby effectively solving the defect that the traditional liquid cooling heat management mode cannot discharge waste gas generated in the heat management system; meanwhile, a heat management mode of heat dissipation of the battery tabs is adopted, so that the battery module can be efficiently dissipated, and the temperature uniformity of the system is further improved; the multi-layer safety protection is arranged in the system, so that the problem of current frequent battery thermal runaway can be better avoided, and the development of new energy hybrid power and pure electric vehicles is promoted.
As shown in figure 1, the power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas comprises a right end plate (1), a right heat insulation plate (2), a positive tab (3), a bus bar (4), a negative tab (5), a tab air cooling pipe air inlet (6), a tab air cooling pipe air inlet exhaust valve (7), a tab air cooling pipe air outlet exhaust valve (8), a tab air cooling pipe air outlet (9), a tab air cooling pipe (10), a tab air cooling pipe middle air outlet exhaust valve (11), heat-conducting filling glue (12), an isolation frame (13), a heat-conducting glue filling groove (14), a peripheral binding belt (15), a safety valve (16), a left heat insulation plate (17), a left end plate (18), a lower liquid cooling plate liquid inlet (19), a bottom heat insulation pad (20), a lower liquid cooling plate (21), a lower liquid cooling plate liquid outlet (22), a bottom heat-equalizing film (23) and a battery cell (24).
A plurality of electric core (24) are connected through busbar (4), and the left and right both sides of electric core set gradually left heat insulating board (17), left end board (18) and right heat insulating board (2), right end board (1) by the center to both ends, and the battery sets up peripheral bandage (15) all around, fastens the electric core and forms the battery module. The top of the battery module is provided with a sealing structure adhesive fixing isolation frame (13), a heat conduction adhesive filling groove (14) on the isolation frame is filled with heat conduction filling adhesive (12), then a top soaking film is laid, and finally the lug air cooling pipe (10) is arranged above the top soaking film. Three exhaust valves arranged on the lug air cooling pipe are connected with the controller, and a gas sensor in the space of the battery module is connected with the controller. The bottom of the battery module is provided with a bottom soaking film (23), a lower liquid cooling plate (21) and a bottom heat insulation pad (20). One liquid inlet and one liquid outlet of the lower liquid cooling plate are respectively connected with a liquid outlet and a liquid return port of the liquid cooling machine through a quick coupling and a clamp, and the power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas is formed.
In the embodiment, the battery module is charged or discharged, the battery generates heat, the cooling medium flows through the lug air cooling pipe (10) and the lower liquid cooling plate (21), cold air in the lug air cooling pipe (10) exchanges heat at the lug of the battery, and cooling liquid in the lower liquid cooling plate (21) exchanges heat at the bottom of the battery, so that efficient heat management is performed on the whole power battery system. When a gas sensor in the system space monitors that waste gas exists in the system, the gas sensor transmits a data signal to the controller, the controller controls the opening of an exhaust valve on a lug air cooling pipe connected with the controller, and cold air in the lug air cooling pipe is blown into the space of the battery module to quickly exhaust the waste gas. In the whole heat exchange process, the top soaking film and the bottom soaking film (23) can play a role in strengthening the heat diffusion of the system in the horizontal direction.
The battery cell is connected through the bus bar, the left side and the right side of the battery cell are respectively provided with the end plate and the heat insulation plate, and the peripheral binding bands are fastened into a group. The top of the battery module is provided with an isolation frame, and a heat-conducting insulating silica gel is arranged in a heat-conducting gel filling groove on the isolation frame; a lower liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery module, and a bottom heat equalizing film is arranged between the bottom of the battery and the lower cooling plate; a pressure relief channel is arranged right above a safety valve on the battery cell, a lug air cooling pipe is arranged right above the positive and negative lugs, and a top soaking film is arranged between the air cooling pipe and the lug bus bar; set up discharge valve on the forced air cooling pipe, set up gas sensor and controller in the module space.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the device comprises a battery module, a battery heat exchange module, a battery structure module and a battery monitoring and controlling module. The battery module comprises a battery cell, a positive electrode lug, a negative electrode lug, a safety valve and a battery pack; the battery heat exchange module comprises a tab air cooling pipe, a lower liquid cooling plate, heat conducting filling glue, a heat equalizing film, a left side heat insulation pad, a right side heat insulation pad and a bottom heat insulation pad; the battery structure unit comprises a bus bar, an isolation frame, a left end plate, a right end plate and a fastening binding band; the battery monitoring and control unit includes a gas sensor and a controller. The battery cores are connected through a bus bar, a left end plate, a right end plate, a left heat insulation plate and a right heat insulation plate are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end, and fastening binding bands are arranged around the batteries to connect the batteries into a group; for the battery cells with the bolt holes on the positive and negative pole lugs, connecting a plurality of battery cells into a battery module through a busbar, arranging a through hole matched with the hole diameter of a lug bolt on the busbar, and compensating the dimensional tolerance of a screw hole and the bolt by using a copper gasket; for the battery cell without the bolt hole on the positive and negative electrode lugs, welding the busbar and the battery cell lugs into a battery module by a laser welding technology; and heat-conducting silicone grease is coated between the battery cell and the side surface of the battery cell.
Coating an adhesive structure adhesive on the periphery of the top surface of the battery module, wherein an isolation frame is arranged on the upper part of the adhesive structure adhesive; the upper part of the isolation frame is provided with the lug air-cooled tube, a top graphene soaking film is arranged between the isolation frame and the lug air-cooled tube, and the horizontal size of the soaking film is larger than that of the lug air-cooled tube. The bottom of the battery module is sequentially provided with a bottom heat equalizing film, a lower liquid cooling plate and a bottom heat insulation pad from top to bottom; set up gas sensor and controller in the battery module space, gas sensor links to each other with the controller and forms the passageway. The isolation frame is divided into a front channel, a middle channel and a rear channel, and two heat-conducting glue filling grooves are formed right above the front channel and the rear channel corresponding to the positions of two rows of tabs of the battery module; the middle channel corresponds to the position of the safety valve to form a pressure relief safety channel; the widths of the front and the rear channels are larger than or equal to the widths of the lug busbars, and the width of the middle channel is larger than the width of a safety valve reserved in the battery cell; the whole height of the isolation frame is greater than the height of the battery tab protruding out of the top surface of the battery after being connected with the bus bar; the isolation frame is of a hollow structure, and the space of the hollow part is larger than the irregular space left after the battery module upper tab busbar is connected. The tab air cooling pipe is provided with an air inlet, an air outlet and a middle air port, air is blown from the air inlet, air is returned from the air outlet at the other end, exhaust valves are respectively arranged at the air inlet, the air outlet and the middle air port, a controller is connected with the exhaust valves, and the exhaust valves are controlled to be opened and closed according to received signals of the gas sensor; the width of the tab air-cooling pipe is larger than or equal to the width of the front and the rear channels of the isolation frame.
In summary, the following steps: the invention makes full use of the advantage of small heat dissipation and heat exchange resistance of the positive and negative electrode lugs of the battery, skillfully designs an integrated heat management mode of air cooling of the top electrode lug of the battery and liquid cooling coupling of the bottom electrode lug of the battery, realizes the advantage complementation of the traditional air cooling mode and the traditional liquid cooling mode, can ensure that the power battery system always works in the optimal temperature range during the operation, and reduces the attenuation speed of the performance of the battery; the top soaking film and the bottom soaking film are arranged, so that the temperature uniformity among the battery cores at different positions in the system can be improved. By arranging the gas sensor and the controller in the system, the abnormal condition of the system during operation can be monitored in real time, and the waste gas in the system can be discharged rapidly in time. The invention integrates the functions of heat dissipation, heat insulation and uniform heating, has more compact integral structure, lighter weight and better heat exchange effect.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a power battery utmost point ear cooling system that can arrange waste gas, characterized by: the battery comprises battery cores, a left end plate, a right end plate, a tab air-cooled pipe and a lower liquid cooling plate, wherein positive and negative tabs between the battery cores are connected through a busbar, all the battery cores are clamped between the left end plate and the right end plate to form a battery module, a left heat insulation pad is arranged between the left end plate and the adjacent battery core, a right heat insulation pad is arranged between the right end plate and the adjacent battery core, an isolation frame is arranged above the battery module and comprises a front channel, a middle channel and a rear channel, heat conduction filling glue is filled in the front channel and the rear channel so as to fill the tabs of the busbar connection battery core to form a module left after the battery module, a top soaking film is laid on a plane formed by filling the heat conduction filling glue, the tab air-cooled pipe is arranged above the top soaking film, the tab air-cooled pipe comprises a tab air-cooled pipe air inlet and a tab air-cooled pipe air outlet, and a tab air-cooled pipe air inlet exhaust valve is arranged behind the tab air-cooled pipe air inlet, a lug air cooling pipe air outlet exhaust valve is arranged in front of an air outlet of the lug air cooling pipe, a middle air port is arranged in the middle of a U-shaped structure of the lug air cooling pipe, a lug air cooling pipe middle air port exhaust valve is arranged in the middle air port, a lug air cooling pipe air inlet exhaust valve, a lug air cooling pipe air outlet exhaust valve and a lug air cooling pipe middle air port exhaust valve are connected with a controller, a lower liquid cooling plate is arranged below the battery module, a bottom soaking film is arranged between the lower liquid cooling plate and the battery module, the lower liquid cooling plate comprises a lower liquid cooling plate liquid inlet and a lower liquid cooling plate liquid outlet, the lower liquid cooling plate liquid inlet is communicated with a liquid outlet of the liquid cooling machine, and the lower liquid cooling plate liquid outlet is communicated with a liquid return port of the liquid cooling machine;
the whole height of isolation frame is greater than the height that battery tab and tie-bar connect the back protrusion battery module, and isolation frame is hollow structure, and hollow portion's space setting is greater than the remaining space after battery module upper portion utmost point ear busbar connects.
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| CN202010232849.7A CN111403845B (en) | 2020-03-28 | 2020-03-28 | Power battery tab heat dissipation system capable of discharging waste gas |
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| CN111403845B true CN111403845B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111934058A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-11-13 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Uniform temperature battery module |
| CN216120451U (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-03-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | End cover assembly, battery monomer, battery and device using battery |
| CN114421052A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-29 | 吉林大学 | Integral liquid cooling plate cooling system with graphene coating |
| WO2024021110A1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Cooling system, battery system and electric vehicle |
| CN117728533B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-05-24 | 南京工业职业技术大学 | Power supply equipment and assembling method thereof |
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