CN111400175A

CN111400175A - Recording and replaying system, method and equipment for web operation event

Info

Publication number: CN111400175A
Application number: CN202010150683.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 龙震岳; 陈晓江
Original assignee: Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-06
Filing date: 2020-03-06
Publication date: 2020-07-10
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-06
Also published as: CN111400175B

Abstract

The invention discloses a recording and replaying system method and equipment for web operation events, which comprises the following steps: recording and monitoring the operation events, and calculating and combining the relevant information of the monitored operation events; verifying the combined related information to obtain a test action sequence with correct verification, converting the test action sequence into a test case script and storing the test case script locally; and reading the test case script stored in the local and executing the corresponding operation. The invention inserts the monitor into the tested page during recording, processes and records after monitoring the event, reads the recorded test case during playback and executes step by step, and records not only the traditional control positioning mode during recording and playback, but also the control positioner based on the visual enhancement technology, so that the test case can be played back through the visual positioner when the playback fails through the traditional positioner, and the success rate of playback is ensured.

Description

Recording and replaying system, method and equipment for web operation event

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of software testing, in particular to a system, a method and equipment for recording and replaying web operation events.

Background

Software testing is the final review of software requirement analysis, specification design description and coding before software is put into operation, and is a key step of software quality assurance. The purpose of the test is to find out the errors of each stage in the whole period of the software design development and various errors and defects in the software in a less use case, time and manpower way, so as to analyze, diagnose and repair the errors to ensure the quality of the software system.

With the development of computer and network technologies, the size and number of Web applications based on JavaScript are rapidly increasing, and the Web applications are infiltrated into various application fields of society, becoming the mainstream of current and future software system development. But due to their highly dynamic and event-driven nature, a variety of problems often arise in their use. Recording/playback technology is currently widely used in debugging and repairing Web applications, where various non-deterministic events and related information generated by user operations are recorded in an event capture phase, and playback of the events is performed in a playback phase. The purpose of record-and-replay technology at the initial recording stage is to capture events in the history log that are recorded in the monitoring application and to record all the data required to reproduce this history log. In a subsequent playback phase, the application is forced to execute a previously captured history, which allows operations to be performed manually in the browser and saved as a test.

Through research, the reasons for the failure of the test case are mainly as follows: complexity of Web applications; uncertainty of Web application. The complexity of the Web application makes it impossible to reliably capture various interaction modes, and some controls in the application, such as Applet, Flash, etc., may suffer from the problem that information of the controls cannot be captured, and therefore operations of the controls cannot be replayed. Secondly, due to the anti-crawler processing of the Web page, the problem that the attribute information of the control is inconsistent may occur in multiple times of loading of the page, and at this time, the problem that the recorded information is wrong, so that the playback is unsuccessful may occur. In addition, during the iteration process of the project, the path of the element is changed frequently because the Web interface is frequently modified, such as adding links, allowing the user to customize, adding new functions or changing the appearance of the webpage. At this point, due to the lack of an appropriate test case repair tool, minor changes to the user interface often corrupt most of the test set, resulting in significant maintenance costs, and test cases are not always reliable after being generated, and are likely to fail upon replay. The recorded test cases are invalid, and cannot be reused in the following test, and only the test cases can be recorded again, so that inconvenience is brought to the test of the whole Web application program, and much unnecessary time cost is added.

In summary, when recording and playing back the Web application in the prior art, there is a technical problem that too many test cases fail in the recording and playing back process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a recording and replaying system, a method and equipment for Web operation events, which are used for solving the technical problem that in the prior art, when Web application is recorded and replayed, too many test cases fail in the recording and replaying process.

The invention provides a recording and replaying system for web operation events, which comprises a recording module, a checking module, an executing module, a control module and a storage module, wherein the recording module is used for recording web operation events;

the control module is used for controlling information interaction among the recording module, the verification module, the execution module and the storage module;

the recording module is used for recording and monitoring the operation events, calculating and combining the relevant information of the monitored operation events, and transmitting the combined relevant information to the control module;

the checking module is used for receiving and checking the relevant information sent by the control module to obtain a test action sequence and transmitting the test action sequence to the control module;

the execution module is used for receiving the test action sequence sent by the control module and executing the test action sequence;

and the storage module is used for storing the test action sequence received by the control module.

Preferably, the recording module comprises a recording agent and a recorder;

the recording agent is used for providing a monitoring module and embedding the monitoring module into the recorder; the monitoring module is used for monitoring the operation event;

the recorder is used for recording the operation events.

Preferably, the information related to the event includes an operation event type, a locator, visual enhancement information, and a type of a control operated by the locator.

Preferably, the locators include an id locator, a text locator, an XPath locator, and a CSS locator.

Preferably, the storage module converts the test action sequence into a test case script and stores the test case script.

A method for recording and replaying web operation events, which is based on the above-mentioned system for recording and replaying web operation events, and comprises the following steps:

step S1: recording and monitoring the operation events, and calculating and combining the relevant information of the monitored operation events;

step S2: the combined related information is verified to obtain a test action sequence, and the test action sequence is converted into a test case script and is locally stored;

step S3: and reading the test case script stored in the local and executing the corresponding operation.

Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

monitoring and recording the operation event;

when an operation event is monitored, recording the type of the operation event, calculating the position information of a locator of the operation event and a control operated by the locator, and recording the type of the control operated by the locator;

and combining the type of the operation event, the locator, the position information of the control and the type of the operated control to obtain combined related information.

Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

screenshot is carried out according to the position information of the control, and the screenshot is used as a visual locator of the control, namely visual enhancement information, and is stored;

matching in the website page according to the screenshot, and inquiring whether the visual locator is uniquely matched in the website page; if a plurality of results are matched, expanding a certain proportion according to the upper left coordinate and the lower right coordinate of the position information of the control until the visual enhancement information can be uniquely matched;

verifying the locators according to the confidence degrees of the locators, grouping according to whether the controls operated by the locators are the same, reserving the most groups of the same controls, and deleting other locators;

and converting the types of the operation events, the reserved locators, the visual enhancement information and the types of the operated controls into test case scripts and storing the test case scripts locally.

Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

reading a test case script stored locally, and analyzing the test case script into a script statement which can be directly executed;

analyzing the script statement to obtain the type of the operation event and the locator, and acquiring the control according to the type of the operation event and the locator;

judging whether the control can be acquired or not, if not, acquiring the control through the visual enhancement information, and executing the operation corresponding to the type of the operation event through calling an interface which interacts with the interface;

and if the control can be acquired, operating the control and executing the operation corresponding to the type of the operation event.

A web-operated event recording playback device, the device comprising a processor and a memory;

the memory is used for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;

the processor is used for executing the above-mentioned recording and replaying method of the web operation event according to the instructions in the program code.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:

the embodiment of the invention inserts the monitor into the tested page during recording, processes and records the monitored page after monitoring the event, reads the recorded test case during playback and executes the test case step by step, modifies the traditional recording mode into a recording mode based on real-time verification, verifies whether the operation can be played back in real time during recording, only stores the reproducible locator, records the traditional locating mode during recording and playback, and also records the control visual locator based on the visual enhancement technology, so that the test case can be played back through the visual locator when the playback fails through the traditional locator, the playback success rate is ensured, and the invalid test cases during recording and playback are reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of a system, a method and an apparatus for recording and playing back web operation events according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of a system, a method and an apparatus for recording and playing back web operation events according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a device structure diagram of a system, a method and a device for recording and playing back web operation events according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the invention provides a recording and replaying system, a method and equipment for Web operation events, which are used for solving the technical problem that in the prior art, when Web application is recorded and replayed, too many test cases fail in the recording and replaying process exist.

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of a system, a method and an apparatus for recording and playing back web operation events according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the recording and playback system for web operation events provided by the present invention includes a recording module 101, a verifying module 103, an executing module 104, a control module 102, and a storage module 105;

the control module 102 is used for controlling information interaction among the recording module 101, the verification module 103, the execution module 104 and the storage module 105;

the recording module 101 is configured to record and monitor an operation event, calculate and combine relevant information of the monitored operation event, and transmit the combined relevant information to the control module 102;

the checking module 103 is configured to receive the relevant information sent by the control module 102, check the relevant information to obtain a test action sequence, and transmit the obtained test action sequence to the control module 102;

the execution module 104 is configured to receive the obtained test action sequence sent by the control module 102, and execute the obtained test action sequence;

the storage module 105 is configured to convert the obtained test action sequence received by the control module 102 into a test case script and store the test case script.

The recording module 101 includes a recording agent 1011 and a recorder 1012;

the recording agent 1011 is configured to provide a monitoring module and embed the monitoring module in the recorder 1012; the monitoring module is used for monitoring the operation event;

the recorder 1012 is used for recording operation events.

The specific working process of the recording module 101 is as follows:

the recording module 101 is started, the recording agent 1011 is injected into the recorder 1012 for event monitoring, and the related information of the monitored operation event is processed, and the processing flow of the event involved in the monitoring process is as follows.

The recording agent 1011 includes monitoring of various operational events, including: a monitor module is inserted into the recorder 1012 through the recording agent 1011 to monitor the operation event.

After the operation event is monitored, the traditional locators of the control operated by the operation event are firstly calculated, wherein the traditional locators comprise an id locator, a text locator, an XPath locator, a CSS locator using a tag, a name attribute and the like, and a relative positioning mode of positioning through a parent node is also adopted.

And calculating the position information of the control, and using the position information as the visual enhancement information of the extracted control.

The position information of the traditional locator, the control, the type of the operation event, and the type information of the operated control are merged and transmitted to the control module 102.

The specific working process of the verification module 103 is as follows:

after receiving the combined related information transmitted from the control module 102, the verification module 203 needs to verify the combined related information;

after receiving the combined related information, the verification module 103 captures a picture according to the position information of the control, and takes the picture as a visual locator of the control, namely visual enhancement information, and stores the picture;

and before the operation event is executed, the visual enhancement information of the web page to be tested is stored through the position information of the control transmitted from the recording end. After the visual enhancement information is acquired, checking is carried out in the web page once, whether the visual enhancement is uniquely matched in the web page is judged, if the visual enhancement is not uniquely matched, the position information of the control needs to be expanded until the visual enhancement can be uniquely matched in the web page.

According to the credibility sequence of the locators, acquiring from the most credible locator, judging whether the control acquired by the subsequent locators is the same as the first one, and if more than half of the controls are different from the first one, removing different locators based on the majority of the locators; and if not, deleting the acquired locator different from the first control from the list by taking the first control as a criterion.

And processing the operation event of the control through the interface interacting with the interface, and executing the recorded operation.

The verified locator information and the visual enhancement locator information are transmitted back to the control module 102.

The execution module 104 receives the test case script read by the storage module 105, and then executes the test case through the executor of the conventional positioner and the visual enhancement executor, which includes the following specific processes:

the test case statement is analyzed into a keyword and a locator, the control is obtained through the traditional locator, the operation indicated by the keyword is executed on the control or the position of the control, and the operation information is executed through an interface interacting with the interface.

And if the control is not acquired, attempting to acquire the control in a visual enhancement mode. Firstly, extracting the characteristics of the picture of the control to be matched, extracting the visual characteristics of the picture, matching the visual characteristics and matching the visual characteristics to the same control. Multiple controls may be retrieved, and therefore the matched controls need to be filtered, leaving only the most similar control result. And returning the position information of the control image in the interface, and subsequently operating the position.

The storage module 105 includes storage of test cases during recording and reading of test cases during playback. And in the recording process, the relevant information of the receiving control module 102 is converted into a test case script and stored. In the execution process, when the control module 102 calls the test case information from the storage module 105, the statements in the test case script are read, analyzed, and then delivered to the execution module 104 for execution.

As shown in fig. 2, a method for recording and replaying web operation events, which is based on the above system, includes the following steps:

As a preferred embodiment, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

monitoring and recording the operation event;

when an operation event is monitored, recording the type of the operation event, calculating the position information (including coordinates of upper left points and lower right points) of a locator of the operation event and a control operated by the locator, taking the coordinate information of four corners as a basis for extracting visual enhancement information, and recording the type of the control operated by the locator;

and combining the type of the operation event, the locator, the control position information and the type of the operated control to obtain combined related information.

As a preferred embodiment, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

screenshot is carried out in the current page according to the control position information in the combined related information and is used as a visual locator of the control, namely visual enhancement information;

in order to ensure the uniqueness of the visual enhancement information, the visual enhancement information is verified in the website page, and whether the visual enhancement information is uniquely matched in the website page is inquired; if a plurality of results are matched, expanding the four-point coordinates of the four-corner coordinate information by a certain proportion until the vision enhancement information can be uniquely matched;

As a preferred embodiment, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

As shown in fig. 3, a web-operated event recording playback apparatus 30 includes a processor 300 and a memory 301;

the memory 301 is used for storing a program code 302 and transmitting the program code 302 to the processor;

the processor 300 is configured to execute the steps of the above-mentioned method for recording and playing back web operation events according to the instructions in the program code 302.

Illustratively, the computer program 302 may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 301 and executed by the processor 300 to accomplish the present application. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 302 in the terminal device 30.

The terminal device 30 may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server, or other computing devices. The terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 300, a memory 301. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 3 is merely an example of a terminal device 30 and does not constitute a limitation of terminal device 30 and may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or different components, e.g., the terminal device may also include input-output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

The Processor 300 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

The storage 301 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device 30, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal device 30. The memory 301 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device 30, such as a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), and the like, which are provided on the terminal device 30. Further, the memory 301 may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of the terminal device 30. The memory 301 is used for storing the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal device. The memory 301 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A recording and replaying system for web operation events is characterized by comprising a recording module, a verification module, an execution module, a control module and a storage module;

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the recording module comprises a recording agent and a recorder;

the recorder is used for recording the operation events.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the information related to the event includes an operational event type, a locator, visual enhancement information, and a type of control operated by the locator.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the locator includes an id locator, a text locator, an XPath locator, and a CSS locator.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the storage module converts the sequence of test actions into test case scripts and stores the test case scripts.

6. A method for recording and replaying web operation events, which is based on the system of any one of the claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

7. The method for recording and playing back web operation events according to claim 6, wherein step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

monitoring and recording the operation event;

8. The method for recording and playing back web operation events according to claim 1, wherein step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

9. The method for recording and playing back web operation events according to claim 8, wherein step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

10. A web-operated event recording playback device, comprising a processor and a memory;

the processor is configured to execute the method for recording and replaying web operation events according to any one of claims 6 to 9 according to instructions in the program code.