CN111399197B - Zoom telecentric lens - Google Patents
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- CN111399197B CN111399197B CN202010214194.0A CN202010214194A CN111399197B CN 111399197 B CN111399197 B CN 111399197B CN 202010214194 A CN202010214194 A CN 202010214194A CN 111399197 B CN111399197 B CN 111399197B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/22—Telecentric objectives or lens systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/005—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having spherical lenses only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/009—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras having zoom function
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
- G02B15/15—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective compensation by means of only one movement or by means of only linearly related movements, e.g. optical compensation
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Abstract
A continuously zooming telecentric lens belongs to the technical field of machine vision. The continuous zoom telecentric lens sequentially comprises the following components from an object plane to an image plane: a lens group A with positive focal power, a lens group B with negative focal power, a system aperture stop and a lens group C with positive focal power; wherein the lens group a includes a first lens having positive power, a second lens having positive power, and a third lens having negative power, the lens group B includes a fourth lens having negative power, a fifth lens having negative power, and a sixth lens having negative power, and the lens group C includes a seventh lens having negative power, an eighth lens having positive power, and a ninth lens having positive power; the lens group A, the lens group C, the system aperture diaphragm and the image plane are fixed in position, and the lens group B can move back and forth integrally relative to the system aperture diaphragm. The invention has the advantages of less lenses and groups, simple cam curve and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of machine vision, in particular to a continuously variable-magnification telecentric lens.
Background
In industrial detection, the same measuring system is sometimes required to be used for measuring objects with different sizes at high precision, and at this time, the traditional fixed-focus lens and the fixed-magnification telecentric lens cannot meet the requirements. The zoom telecentric lens can continuously change the magnification to meet the requirements of different sizes of visual fields, and the characteristics of high resolution, low optical distortion and low telecentricity can also meet the requirements of measurement accuracy.
However, in the existing products and technologies, the structures of zoom telecentric lenses are complex, and the structures are specifically represented by the following two points: (1) the number of lenses is large (generally more than or equal to 14 lenses), the lens groups are large (generally more than or equal to 4 groups), and the cost is high; (2) the continuous zooming function is realized by the cooperation of the lens fixing group, the zooming group and the compensating group, and the moving steps of the zooming group and the compensating group are usually inconsistent, so that two different curves need to be designed on the cam; if there are more variable power or compensation groups, multiple cam curves or multiple cam configurations may be required; more complex variable magnification implementations can amplify the subtle problems of the system, leading to more uncertainty.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the continuous zoom telecentric lens which has the advantages of few lenses and groups, simple cam curve and the like.
The invention comprises the following steps from an object plane to an image plane in sequence: a lens group A with positive focal power, a lens group B with negative focal power, a system aperture stop and a lens group C with positive focal power; wherein the lens group a includes a first lens having positive power, a second lens having positive power, and a third lens having negative power, the lens group B includes a fourth lens having negative power, a fifth lens having negative power, and a sixth lens having negative power, and the lens group C includes a seventh lens having negative power, an eighth lens having positive power, and a ninth lens having positive power;
the lens group A, the lens group C, the system aperture diaphragm and the image plane are fixed in position, and the lens group B can move back and forth integrally relative to the system aperture diaphragm.
The lens group A, the lens group C, the system aperture diaphragm and the image plane are kept fixed, the lens group B integrally moves towards the direction close to the system aperture diaphragm, and meanwhile, in the process that the object plane moves towards the direction close to the lens group A, the lens continuously changes from low power to high power; on the contrary, the lens group B moves towards the direction far away from the aperture stop of the system as a whole, and meanwhile, in the process that the object plane moves towards the direction close to the lens group A, the lens continuously changes from high magnification to low magnification.
Preferably, the relationship of the lens group a, the lens group B and the lens group C to the total lens focal length f is as follows: f is not less than 0.417GA/f≤0.484,-0.312≤fGB/f≤-0.269,0.398≤fGCF is less than or equal to 0.461 and is 81.572-94.520mm, wherein fGAIs the focal length of lens group A, fGBIs the focal length of lens group B, fGCThe focal length of the lens group C.
It is further preferred that the first and second liquid crystal compositions,
(1)fGA/f1=0.689,f1=57.253mm;
(2)fGA/f2=0.455,f2=86.680mm;
(3)fGA/f3=-0.572,f3=-69.002mm;
(4)fGB/f4=0.271,f4=-94.071mm;
(5)fGB/f5=0.117,f5=-218.332mm;
(6)fGB/f6=0.348,f6=-73.065mm;
(7)fGC/f7=-1.431,f7=-26.277mm;
(8)fGC/f8=1.733,f8=21.692mm;
(9)fGC/f9=0.409,f9=92.023mm;
wherein f is1Is the first lens focal length, f2Is the focal length of the second lens, f3Is the third lens focal length, f4Is the fourth lens focal length, f5Is the focal length of the fifth lens, f6Is the sixth lens focal length, f7Is the focal length of the seventh lens, f8Is the focal length of the eighth lens, f9Is the ninth lens focal length.
More preferably still, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the first single positive spherical lens is a biconvex positive lens, the refractive index range is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the front surface curvature radius range is 150-170 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is-50-40 mm, and the central thickness range is 3-5 mm;
the second single positive spherical lens 2 is a convex-concave positive lens, the refractive index range is 1.75-1.85, the Abbe number range is 15-35, the front surface curvature radius range is 30-40 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 10-20 mm, and the central thickness range is 1-3 mm;
the third single negative spherical lens 3 is a convex-concave negative lens, the refractive index range is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the front surface curvature radius range is 10-20 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 150-170 mm, and the central thickness range is 4-6 mm;
the fourth single negative spherical lens 4 is a convex-concave negative lens, the refractive index range is 1.60-1.70, the Abbe number range is 45-65, the front surface curvature radius range is 15-25 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 10-20 mm, and the central thickness range is 5-7 mm;
the fifth single negative spherical lens 5 is a double-concave negative lens, the refractive index range is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the front surface curvature radius range is-45-35 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 10-20 mm, and the central thickness range is 0.5-2.5 mm;
the sixth single negative spherical lens 6 is a concave-convex negative lens, the refractive index range is 1.75-1.85, the Abbe number range is 15-35, the front surface curvature radius range is 10-20 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 25-35 mm, and the central thickness range is 1-3 mm;
the seventh single negative spherical lens 7 is a double-concave negative lens, the refractive index range is 1.65-1.75, the Abbe number range is 20-40, the front surface curvature radius range is-60 to-50 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is 25-35 mm, and the central thickness range is 1-3 mm;
the eighth single positive spherical lens 8 is a biconvex positive lens, the refractive index range is 1.60-1.70, the Abbe number range is 45-65, the front surface curvature radius range is 55-65 mm, the rear surface curvature radius range is-25-15 mm, and the central thickness range is 2-4 mm;
the ninth single positive spherical lens 9 is a convex-concave positive lens, the refractive index ranges from 1.45 to 1.55, the abbe number ranges from 55 to 75, the front surface curvature radius ranges from 25 to 35mm, the rear surface curvature radius ranges from 80 to 100mm, and the center thickness ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
Technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) the overall size and the working distance of the lens are small, and the lens can be used in an environment with small mechanical space;
2) the highest object space resolution can reach 4.2 mu m, the distortion is less than 0.1 percent, and the telecentricity meets the object space telecentricity design;
3) the optical structure is simple, the number and the number of the used lens groups are small, and the total number of the lens groups is three, nine, so that the cost can be saved;
4) the continuous zooming method is simple, and complex cam structures and curves are not required to be designed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical structure of a lens;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a structural comparison of a lens when the lens is changed from a low magnification to a high magnification;
FIG. 3 is a graph of MTF for a lens at 0.5 times;
FIG. 4 is a graph of MTF for a lens at 1.0 times;
FIG. 5a is a graph of field curvature at 0.5 times for a lens;
FIG. 5b is a graph of the distortion of a lens at 0.5 times;
FIG. 6a is a graph of field curvature at 1.0 times for a lens;
FIG. 6b is a graph of distortion of a lens at 1.0 times;
in the figure: the dotted line is an optical axis, the OBJ is an image plane, the S is a diaphragm, and the IMA is an image plane; 1 is a first single positive spherical lens, 2 is a second single positive spherical lens, 3 is a third single negative spherical lens, 4 is a fourth single negative spherical lens, 5 is a fifth single negative spherical lens, 6 is a sixth single negative spherical lens, 7 is a seventh single negative spherical lens, 8 is an eighth single positive spherical lens, and 9 is a ninth single positive spherical lens; GA is lens group A, GB is lens group B, and GC is lens group C.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment sequentially comprises from the object plane OBJ to the image plane IMA: a first single positive spherical lens 1, a second single positive spherical lens 2, a third single negative spherical lens 3, a fourth single negative spherical lens 4, a fifth single negative spherical lens 5, a sixth single negative spherical lens 6, a seventh single negative spherical lens 7, an eighth single positive spherical lens 8 and a ninth single positive spherical lens 9, wherein the first single positive spherical lens 1, the second single positive spherical lens 2 and the third single negative spherical lens 3 form a lens group a, the second single positive spherical lens 2 and the third single negative spherical lens 3 form a cemented lens, the fourth single negative spherical lens 4, the fifth single negative spherical lens 5 and the sixth single negative spherical lens 6 form a lens group B, and the fifth single negative spherical lens 5 and the sixth single negative spherical lens 6 form a cemented lens; the seventh single negative spherical lens 7, the eighth single positive spherical lens 8 and the ninth single positive spherical lens 9 constitute a lens group C.
The first single positive spherical lens 1 has a refractive index of 1.62, an abbe number of 60.4, a front surface curvature radius of 157.23mm, a rear surface curvature radius of-45.44 mm, and a center thickness of 4.0 mm.
The second single positive spherical lens 2 has a refractive index of 1.81, an abbe number of 25.5, a front surface curvature radius of 37mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 17.635mm, and a center thickness of 2.0 mm.
The refractive index of the third single negative spherical lens 3 is 1.62, the abbe number is 60.4, the front surface curvature radius is 17.635mm, the rear surface curvature radius is 159.54mm, and the center thickness is 5.0 mm.
The fourth single negative spherical lens 4 has a refractive index of 1.65, an abbe number of 55.9, a front surface curvature radius of 20.845mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 13.787mm, and a center thickness of 6.0 mm.
The fifth single negative spherical lens 5 has a refractive index of 1.62, an abbe number of 60.4, a front surface curvature radius of-38.927 mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 16.509mm, and a center thickness of 1.5 mm.
The sixth single negative spherical lens 6 has a refractive index of 1.81, an abbe number of 25.5, a front surface curvature radius of 16.509mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 31.963mm, and a center thickness of 2.0 mm.
The seventh single negative spherical lens 7 has a refractive index of 1.72, an abbe number of 29.5, a front surface curvature radius of-53.05 mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 29.7mm, and a center thickness of 2.0 mm.
The eighth single positive spherical lens 8 has a refractive index of 1.65, an abbe number of 55.9, a front surface curvature radius of 59.781mm, a rear surface curvature radius of-18.128 mm, and a center thickness of 3.0 mm.
The ninth single positive spherical lens 9 has a refractive index of 1.52, an abbe number of 64.2, a front surface curvature radius of 31.447mm, a rear surface curvature radius of 90.82mm, and a center thickness of 2.0 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, when the lens changes from low power to high power, the step of maintaining the axial air space constant includes: a first lens 1 and a second lens 2, a fourth lens 4 and a fifth lens 5, a system aperture stop S and a seventh lens 7, a seventh lens 7 and an eighth lens 8, an eighth lens 8 and a ninth lens 9, and a ninth lens 9 and an image plane IMA. In the present embodiment, the air space between the first lens 1 and the second lens 2 is 2.9mm, the air space between the fourth lens 4 and the fifth lens 5 is 4.3mm, the air space between the system aperture stop S and the seventh lens 7 is 14.2mm, the air space between the seventh lens 7 and the eighth lens 8 is 1.8mm, the air space between the eighth lens 8 and the ninth lens 9 is 0.8mm, and the air space between the ninth lens 9 and the image plane IMA is 49.8 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, when the lens changes from low magnification to high magnification, the axial air space changes, which includes: an image plane OBJ and a first lens 1, a third lens 3 and a fourth lens 4, a sixth lens 6 and a system aperture stop S; in this embodiment, when the lens magnification is changed from 0.5 to 1.0, the air gap between the image plane OBJ and the first lens 1 is changed from 110mm to 75mm, the air gap between the third lens 3 and the fourth lens 4 is changed from 1.4mm to 15.6mm, and the air gap between the sixth lens 6 and the diaphragm S is changed from 15.1mm to 1.9 mm.
In this embodiment, the magnification ratio may be continuously changed within a range of 0.5 to 1.0 times, the total focal length f at 0.5 times of magnification ratio is 81.572mm, the total focal length f at 1 times of magnification ratio is 94.520mm, the working distance is changed within a range of 110 to 75mm, and the maximum supportable camera target surface is 2/3 inches. As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the object resolution of the lens in this embodiment is up to 4.2 μm; as can be seen from fig. 5a and 6a, the curvature of field of the lens in this embodiment is less than 0.2 mm; as can be seen from fig. 5b and 6b, the distortion of the lens in this embodiment is less than 0.1%. In conclusion, the lens in the embodiment has excellent imaging quality, the telecentricity meets the object space telecentric design, the magnification can meet the requirements of different sizes of visual fields, and meanwhile, the characteristics of high resolution, low optical distortion and low telecentricity can also meet the measurement precision requirement.
It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A continuous zoom telecentric lens is characterized in that the zoom telecentric lens sequentially comprises the following components from an object plane to an image plane: a lens group A with positive focal power, a lens group B with negative focal power, a system aperture stop and a lens group C with positive focal power; wherein the lens group a includes a first lens having positive power, a second lens having positive power, and a third lens having negative power, the lens group B includes a fourth lens having negative power, a fifth lens having negative power, and a sixth lens having negative power, and the lens group C includes a seventh lens having negative power, an eighth lens having positive power, and a ninth lens having positive power; the first single positive spherical lens is a biconvex positive lens, the second single positive spherical lens is a convex-concave positive lens, the third single negative spherical lens is a convex-concave negative lens, the fourth single negative spherical lens is a convex-concave negative lens, the fifth single negative spherical lens is a biconcave negative lens, the sixth single negative spherical lens is a convex-concave negative lens, the seventh single negative spherical lens is a biconcave negative lens, the eighth single positive spherical lens is a biconvex positive lens, and the ninth single positive spherical lens is a convex-concave positive lens;
the lens group A, the lens group C, the system aperture diaphragm and the image plane are fixed in position, and the lens group B can move back and forth integrally relative to the system aperture diaphragm.
2. The continuous zoom telecentric lens system of claim 1, wherein the lens group B moves toward the aperture stop of the system as a whole, and the lens system continuously changes from low power to high power while the object plane moves toward the lens group a; on the contrary, the lens group B moves towards the direction far away from the aperture stop of the system as a whole, and meanwhile, in the process that the object plane moves towards the direction far away from the lens group A, the lens continuously changes from high magnification to low magnification.
3. The afc lens as claimed in claim 2, wherein the relationship between the lens group a, the lens group B and the lens group C and the total focal length f of the lens is as follows: f is not less than 0.417GA/f≤0.484,-0.312≤fGB/f≤-0.269,0.398≤fGCF is less than or equal to 0.461 and is 81.572-94.520mm, wherein fGAIs the focal length of lens group A, fGBIs the focal length of lens group B, fGCThe focal length of the lens group C.
4. The continuous zoom telecentric lens according to claim 2 or 3, wherein,
(1)fGA/f1=0.689,f1=57.253mm;
(2)fGA/f2=0.455,f2=86.680mm;
(3)fGA/f3=-0.572,f3=-69.002mm;
(4)fGB/f4=0.271,f4=-94.071mm;
(5)fGB/f5=0.117,f5=-218.332mm;
(6)fGB/f6=0.348,f6=-73.065mm;
(7)fGC/f7=-1.431,f7=-26.277mm;
(8)fGC/f8=1.733,f8=21.692mm;
(9)fGC/f9=0.409,f9=92.023mm;
wherein f is1Is the first lens focal length, f2Is the focal length of the second lens, f3Is the third lens focal length, f4Is the fourth lens focal length, f5Is the focal length of the fifth lens, f6Is the sixth lens focal length, f7Is the focal length of the seventh lens, f8Is the focal length of the eighth lens, f9Is the ninth lens focal length.
5. The continuous variable magnification telecentric lens according to claim 4, wherein,
the refractive index range of the first single positive spherical lens is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 150-170 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is-50-40 mm, and the central thickness range is 3-5 mm;
the refractive index range of the second single positive spherical lens is 1.75-1.85, the Abbe number range is 15-35, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 30-40 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 10-20 mm, and the central thickness range is 1-3 mm;
the refractive index range of the third single negative spherical lens is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 10-20 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 150-170 mm, and the central thickness range is 4-6 mm;
the refractive index range of the fourth single negative spherical lens is 1.60-1.70, the Abbe number range is 45-65, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 15-25 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 10-20 mm, and the central thickness is 5-7 mm;
the refractive index range of the fifth single negative spherical lens is 1.55-1.65, the Abbe number range is 50-70, the radius of curvature of the front surface ranges from-45 mm to-35 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface ranges from 10mm to 20mm, and the central thickness ranges from 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm;
the refractive index range of the sixth single negative spherical lens is 1.75-1.85, the Abbe number range is 15-35, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 10-20 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 25-35 mm, and the central thickness range is 1-3 mm;
the refractive index range of the seventh single negative spherical lens is 1.65-1.75, the Abbe number range is 20-40, the radius of curvature of the front surface ranges from-60 mm to-50 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface ranges from 25mm to 35mm, and the central thickness ranges from 1mm to 3 mm;
the refractive index range of the eighth single positive spherical lens is 1.60-1.70, the Abbe number range is 45-65, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 55-65 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is-25-15 mm, and the central thickness range is 2-4 mm;
the refractive index range of the ninth single positive spherical lens is 1.45-1.55, the Abbe number range is 55-75, the radius of curvature of the front surface is 25-35 mm, the radius of curvature of the rear surface is 80-100 mm, and the central thickness is 1-3 mm.
6. The continuous zoom telecentric lens of claim 5, wherein the second single positive spherical lens and the third single negative spherical lens are combined into a cemented lens, and the fifth single negative spherical lens and the sixth single negative spherical lens are combined into a cemented lens.
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