CN111398092B - Cheese winding density measuring method and device - Google Patents
Cheese winding density measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111398092B CN111398092B CN202010110779.8A CN202010110779A CN111398092B CN 111398092 B CN111398092 B CN 111398092B CN 202010110779 A CN202010110779 A CN 202010110779A CN 111398092 B CN111398092 B CN 111398092B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cheese winding density measuring method, wherein a cheese consists of a yarn drum and yarns wound on the yarn drum, the volume of the yarns in the cheese is obtained through simulation calculation, and the winding density of the cheese is obtained by dividing the weight by the volume after the weight of the yarns in the cheese is obtained through measurement calculation; the invention also provides a cheese winding density measuring device, which consists of a yarn drum fixing device, two or three distance measuring devices and a fixing/driving device; the yarn drum fixing device is used for fixing the yarn drum; the distance measuring device is connected with the fixing/driving device and is used for collecting coordinates of multiple points on the yarn; the fixing/driving means is used to fix and drive the respective distance measuring means. The method and the device can safely, simply and accurately measure the winding density of the cheese, and have great popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and relates to a cheese winding density measuring method and device.
Background
When cheese is dyed in dye liquor with the same concentration, different dyeing effects are generated due to different winding densities, so that quality difference is caused.
The current common method for measuring the winding density of the cheese is as follows:
(1) the shore durometer is used for estimation in a production field, and the method is quick, simple and convenient, but has poor accuracy and higher requirement on the proficiency of testers;
(2) the method adopts a calculation formula for calculation, particularly, the cheese is idealized into the yarn with smooth and unsmooth surface, and the winding density is calculated by substituting the formula after all size data of the cheese are measured, so that the process is complicated and the error is large.
In order to make measurement more convenient, some researchers use machine vision technology to measure and calculate the winding density of the cheese, the method is simple, machine vision can regard the uneven surface of the cheese as a flat plane due to its own characteristics, and the situation that the concave part is shielded by the convex part can also occur, so the precision is poor, for example, the prior art discloses a method for testing the winding density by using Y-ray computer tomography (YRCT), the method is used for indirectly estimating the density value through the quality of the cheese, the precision is poor, in addition, irreversible damage can be caused to the human body, and the safety has a problem.
Therefore, it is important to develop a method for measuring the winding density of cheese safely, easily and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring the winding density of cheese, and aims to solve the problem of how to safely, simply and accurately measure the winding density of the cheese.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cheese winding density measuring method comprises the steps that cheese consists of a yarn drum and yarn wound on the yarn drum, the volume of the yarn in the cheese is obtained through simulation calculation, and after the weight of the yarn in the cheese is obtained through measurement calculation, the winding density of the cheese is obtained by dividing the weight by the volume;
the steps of the simulation calculation are as follows:
(1) establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central axis of the yarn cylinder as a coordinate axis;
(2) collecting coordinates of multiple points on lines a, b and c (the lines a, b and c are curves due to the fact that the surface surrounded by the yarns is uneven), winding the yarns into a hollow rotating body, wherein the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular truncated cone, the lines a, b and c are respectively corresponding to intersecting lines of the upper end surface, the side surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half-section Q, and one edge of the half-section Q is superposed with the central axis of a bobbin and is positioned on a plane where the rectangular coordinate system is positioned;
(3) fitting the multiple points on the lines a, b and c to obtain corresponding fitting curves a, b and c and fitting curve formulas a, b and c, and simultaneously fitting the point a1 farthest from the line b on the line a and the point c1 farthest from the line b on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d; the fitting algorithm can be realized by various platforms, such as C + +, python, matlab and the like, as long as the computer language capable of completing algorithm design is available.
(4) Calculating the coordinate of the intersection point A by using a and D, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point B by using a and B, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point C by using B and C, and calculating the coordinate of the intersection point D by using C and D;
(5) rotating the central axis of the winding drum a, b, c and d, and converting a ^ b ^ c, c and d ^ c into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d' by applying a rotating surface equation;
(6) coordinate conversion is used for the curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the curved surface formulas are converted from a rectangular coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system, and the volume of the yarn in the cheese is calculated by adopting an integral formula, which specifically comprises the following steps:
where r is the radial distance (i.e., radius) in m, α is the azimuth angle in, and z is the height in m;
the process of measurement calculation is as follows:
the weight of the cheese and the weight of the yarn drum are respectively measured, and the weight of the yarn drum is subtracted from the weight of the cheese to obtain the weight of the yarn in the cheese.
The method comprises the steps of establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central axis of a cheese as a coordinate axis, obtaining data points on corresponding lines on different surfaces of the cheese through measurement in the coordinate system, wherein the data points comprise uneven points on the surface of the cheese, fitting the obtained data points to obtain a fitted line, rotating the fitted line around the central axis of the cheese to obtain a three-dimensional curved surface, and therefore, the three-dimensional curved surface can reflect the uneven points on the surface of the cheese, the volume of the cheese can be more accurately obtained through a curved surface formula corresponding to the curved surface, and the calculated winding density can be more accurate.
The conventional formula calculation used by enterprises is to idealize the cheese into a state with a smooth surface and no concave-convex part (i.e. the cheese is seen as a geometric figure from the side, for example, the yarn part of a circular cone cheese is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, the yarn part of a cylindrical cheese is in a rectangular shape, each line of the outline of the cylindrical cheese is a straight line), then measure the upper and lower diameters of the cheese, the height of the cheese and other data to calculate the volume and then obtain the density. The existing measurement, whether manual measurement or machine vision measurement is used, is realized by the traditional formula calculation. It can be seen from the conventional calculation formula that this method does not truly reflect the surface state of the cheese, so the accuracy of the measurement calculation is not very high. In addition, the hardness of the cheese is measured by using a Shore durometer to indirectly estimate the winding density of the cheese, and the measurement accuracy of the indirect method is poorer than that of the traditional formula calculation. Compared with the method, the method has the advantages that the points on the specific route on the surface of the cheese are directly measured, the curve is fitted through the points, the curve can reflect the texture state and the fluctuation trend of the surface of the cheese more truly, the concave-convex state on the surface of the cheese is reflected instead of the surface being idealized, and therefore compared with the traditional calculation formula, the method for measuring the volume of the cheese is closer to the actual volume of the cheese, and the method is more accurate.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the cheese winding density measuring method, the multiple points on the lines a, b and c are arranged at equal intervals, namely the multiple points collected on the lines a, b and c are sampled at equal intervals, and the number of the multiple points can be only the number of the multiple points which can represent the change characteristics of the surface texture of the cheese.
The invention also provides a cheese winding density measuring device adopting the cheese winding density measuring method, which mainly comprises a yarn drum fixing device, a distance measuring device I, a distance measuring device II, a distance measuring device III and a fixing/driving device;
the yarn drum fixing device is used for fixing the yarn drum;
the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are connected with the fixing/driving device and respectively correspond to coordinates of multiple points on the acquisition lines a, b and c, namely the distance measuring device I is used for acquiring the coordinates of the multiple points on the acquisition line a, the distance measuring device II is used for acquiring the coordinates of the multiple points on the acquisition line b, and the distance measuring device III is used for acquiring the coordinates of the multiple points on the acquisition line c;
the connection can be that the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are connected with the same fixing/driving device, or the three devices are connected with different fixing/driving devices, as long as the functions of the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III can be ensured to be exerted, the invention can be applied to the invention, each distance measuring device can work independently, and can also work together at the same time, in order to ensure the efficiency, the latter method is used, the data acquired by each distance measuring device is transmitted independently and does not influence each other;
the fixing/driving means is used to fix and drive the respective distance measuring means.
In addition, the process of processing the coordinates of the multiple points on the lines a, b and c can be realized by manual calculation or algorithm, and in the latter case, some elements for processing the coordinates of the multiple points on the lines a, b and c can be added in the cheese winding density measuring device.
The cheese winding density measuring device comprises 3 distance measuring devices, and under the action of a fixing/driving device, the distance measuring devices can cyclically scan points on the surface of the cheese, acquire coordinates of points of lines on different surfaces of the cheese (the coordinate data are the coordinate data containing the surface unevenness), record the coordinates of the points, and perform data processing by adopting the cheese winding density measuring method to calculate the winding density of the cheese.
The distance measuring device adopted by the invention has wider selectable range, the commonly used industrial measuring device (such as laser and the like) can meet the measuring requirement, and compared with the scanning mode of utilizing rays harmful to human bodies, such as Y rays and the like, the distance measuring device is safe and harmless to operators, and the point taking process in the measurement can be automatically carried out due to the existence of the fixing/driving device, so that the whole measuring process is simpler and more convenient.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the cheese winding density measuring device, the fixing/driving device consists of an Contraband-shaped plate, a guide rail and a driving motor, the v 21274is formed by the two transverse plates and a vertical plate, the two transverse plates and the vertical plate are respectively provided with the guide rail, and the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are respectively connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner and are also respectively connected with the driving motor.
The bobbin winding density measuring device as described above, the bobbin holding means being partially intercepted
The structure of the shape frame is that,
the shape frame is composed of a v-21274with downward opening direction and a column body vertically connected with the upper surface of the v-21274, the intercepting is composed of two planes which are parallel to each other, the two planes are positioned at two sides of the central axis of the column body and are parallel to the central axis of the column body, and the distance between the two planes is smaller than the diameter of the column body (namely, the yarn tube fixing device is composed of a support frame and a column body vertically connected with the upper plane of the support frame, the support frame is a symmetrical door frame structure, a guide rail corresponding to the distance measuring device III is arranged below the support frame, and the column body is providedThe yarn cylinder fixing device is positioned in the middle of the upper plane and has a central axis symmetrical structure, and in order to prevent the scanning rays of the distance measuring device from being blocked, a hollow area is reserved on a scanning path of the yarn cylinder fixing device, namely a penetrating gap with the width of 1-2 cm is reserved at the central axis position of the cylinder body and the support frame; the bobbin is sleeved on the column body, the diameter of the upper end of the column body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the bobbin and used for clamping the bobbin, and the diameter of the lower end of the column body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the bobbin and is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the bobbin and used for ensuring the bobbin to be stably fixed; the corresponding guide rail of the distance measuring device III passes through the V-shaped frame 21274.
In the cheese winding density measuring device as described above, the measuring light of the distance measuring device I is parallel to the measuring light of the distance measuring device III, and the measuring light of the distance measuring device II is perpendicular to the measuring light of the distance measuring device I or the measuring light of the distance measuring device III. When the cylindrical cheese is measured, the measuring light of the distance measuring device I is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder, the measuring light of the distance measuring device II is vertical to the central axis of the cylinder, and the measuring light of the distance measuring device III is parallel to the central axis of the cylinder; when measuring the cone-frustum-shaped cheese, the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III deflect a certain angle towards the direction of each other, if 45 degrees, the distance measuring device II deflects a certain angle downwards, if 45 degrees, the scanning rays of the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are still parallel, and when the rays coincide, the scanning rays of the distance measuring device II are still perpendicular to the scanning rays of the distance measuring device I or the distance measuring device III, namely, the scanning rays are equivalent to the fact that the coordinate system of the cylindrical cheese deflects 45 degrees upwards, the reason that the distance measuring device deflects 45 degrees is that the cone-frustum-shaped cheese is a conical bobbin, the lower end of the cone can block a part of the yarn of the cheese, and the part cannot be collected if the working surface can be perpendicular to the central axis of the cone, so that the measurement can be carried out only by deflecting a sensor or the cone, compared with the deflection of the cheese, the deflection device is more convenient.
The invention also provides a special cheese winding density measuring method, wherein the cheese consists of a yarn drum and yarns wound on the yarn drum, the volume of the yarns in the cheese is obtained through simulation calculation, and the winding density of the cheese is obtained by dividing the weight by the volume after the weight of the yarns in the cheese is obtained through measurement calculation;
the steps of the simulation calculation are as follows:
(1) establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central axis of the yarn cylinder as a coordinate axis;
(2) the coordinates of multiple points on lines a and c are collected, the yarn is wound into a hollow rotating body, the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular truncated cone, the lines a and c are respectively corresponding to the intersection lines of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half section Q, one edge of the half section Q is superposed with the central axis of a yarn drum and is positioned on the plane of the rectangular coordinate system, the side curve of the cheese is flat, so the intersection line of the side surface of the cheese and the half section Q can be defaulted to be an inclined line or a straight line, and the coordinates of the multiple points on the line b are not required to be collected;
(3) fitting the multiple points on the lines a and c to obtain fitting curves a and c and fitting curve formulas a and c corresponding to the multiple points respectively, fitting the points on the line a farthest away from the yarn cylinder and the points on the line c farthest away from the yarn cylinder to obtain a fitting straight line b and a fitting straight line formula b, and simultaneously fitting the point a1 closest to the yarn cylinder on the line a and the point c1 closest to the yarn cylinder on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d;
(4) calculating the coordinate of the intersection point A by using a and D, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point B by using a and B, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point C by using B and C, and calculating the coordinate of the intersection point D by using C and D;
(5) rotating the central axis of the winding drum a, b, c and d, and converting a ^ b ^ c, c and d ^ c into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d' by applying a rotating surface equation;
(6) coordinate conversion is used for the curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the curved surface formulas are converted from a rectangular coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system, and the volume of the yarn in the cheese is calculated by adopting an integral formula, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein r is the radial distance in m, α is the azimuth angle in m, and z is the height in m;
the process of measurement calculation is as follows:
the weight of the cheese and the weight of the yarn drum are respectively measured, and the weight of the yarn drum is subtracted from the weight of the cheese to obtain the weight of the yarn in the cheese.
The invention also provides a cheese winding density measuring device matched with the special cheese winding density measuring method, which mainly comprises a yarn drum fixing device, a distance measuring device I, a distance measuring device III and a fixing/driving device;
the yarn drum fixing device is used for fixing the yarn drum;
the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are connected with the fixing/driving device and respectively and correspondingly used for acquiring coordinates of multiple points on the lines a and c;
the fixing/driving device is used for fixing and driving each distance measuring device;
compared with the cheese winding density measuring device, the cheese winding density measuring device can realize measurement only by adopting two distance measuring devices, and the measuring cost is saved.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the cheese winding density measuring device, the fixing/driving device consists of an Contraband-shaped plate, a guide rail and a driving motor, the v 21274is formed by two transverse plates and a vertical plate, the two transverse plates are respectively provided with the guide rail, and the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are respectively connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner and are also respectively connected with the driving motor.
The bobbin winding density measuring device as described above, the bobbin holding means being partially intercepted
The structure of the shape frame is that,
the shaped frame is composed of a V-shaped frame with downward opening and a column vertically connected with the upper surface of the V-shaped frameThe two planes are positioned on two sides of the central axis of the column body and are parallel to the central axis of the column body, and the distance between the two planes is smaller than the diameter of the column body; the diameter of the upper end of the column body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the yarn cylinder, and the diameter of the lower end of the column body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the yarn cylinder; the guide rail corresponding to the distance measuring device III penetrates through the V-shaped frame 21274; the measuring light of the distance measuring device I is parallel to the measuring light of the distance measuring device III.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the cheese winding density measuring method can realize on-line measurement and off-line measurement, can realize the calculation of the winding density by only fitting four curves, does not need to carry out integral measurement on the cheese, omits a plurality of complicated steps and greatly improves the measuring efficiency;
(2) the cheese winding density measuring method can truly reflect the surface state (such as unevenness) of the cheese, and has high precision;
(3) the cheese winding density measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages that the distance measuring device is harmless to a human body, and the application range is wide;
(4) according to the cheese winding density measuring device, the distance measuring device is used, the severe environment resistance is high, and the measuring precision cannot be influenced by yarns and dust in the air;
(5) compared with the method for calculating the cheese winding density by using the machine vision and the general calculation formula, the method can more truly reflect the surface state (such as unevenness) of the cheese, and the cheese is not directly idealized into the method with flat end surface and no unevenness, so the accuracy for measuring the cheese winding density is far higher than the method using the general calculation formula and the machine vision;
(6) the cheese winding density measuring device can select the number of the distance measuring devices according to specific requirements, has high precision requirement, can adopt a method of three distance measuring devices for measurement, and has high cost requirement. If the side curve of the cheese is smooth, in practice, if the intersection line of the side and the half-section Q is allowed to be an oblique line or a straight line as default, two distance measuring devices can be selected for measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cheese;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cheese winding density measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rectangular coordinate system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the dots on lines a, b, c of the present invention arranged at equal intervals;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a curve fitted to multiple points on lines a, b, c in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a surface of the present invention after transformation by the rotational plane equation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a package holding device of the present invention;
the device comprises a 1-bobbin fixing device, a 2-yarn on a bobbin, a 3-bobbin, a 4-distance measuring device I, a 5-first guide rail, a 6-second guide rail, a 7-distance measuring device II, a 8-distance measuring device III, and a 9-third guide rail.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
It is to be expressly understood that the drawings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention, for example: the bobbin shown in fig. 1 is only used for convenience of explanation of the invention, and does not limit the scope to this shape of bobbin, and the invention is also applicable to other shapes of bobbins on the market, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and other like indicative orientations or positional relationships are used with reference to the orientation of the figures, are used for convenience and to simplify the description of the present invention, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1
A cheese winding density measuring method is disclosed, as shown in figure 1, a cheese is composed of a yarn drum 3 and a yarn 2 wound on the yarn drum, the volume of the yarn in the cheese is obtained through simulation calculation, and after the weight of the yarn in the cheese is obtained through measurement calculation, the winding density of the cheese is obtained by dividing the weight by the volume;
the steps of the simulation calculation are as follows:
(1) a rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the central axis of the yarn cylinder as a coordinate axis, as shown in figure 3;
(2) collecting the coordinates of multiple points arranged at equal intervals on lines a, b and c, winding the yarn into a hollow rotating body as shown in fig. 4, wherein the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular table, the lines a, b and c are respectively corresponding to the intersecting lines of the upper end surface, the side surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half-section plane Q, and one edge of the half-section plane Q is superposed with the central axis of the bobbin and is positioned on the plane of the rectangular coordinate system;
(3) fitting the multiple points on the lines a, b and c to obtain corresponding fitting curves a, b and c and fitting curve formulas a, b and c, and simultaneously fitting the point a1 farthest from the line b on the line a and the point c1 farthest from the line b on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d, as shown in fig. 5;
(4) calculating the coordinate of the intersection point A by using a and D, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point B by using a and B, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point C by using B and C, and calculating the coordinate of the intersection point D by using C and D;
(5) rotating the central axes of the winding barrels a, b, c and d, and applying a rotating surface equation to convert a, b, c and d into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d' (respectively corresponding to E, F, G, H in FIG. 6);
(6) coordinate conversion is used for the curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the curved surface formulas are converted from a rectangular coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system, and the volume of the yarn in the cheese is calculated by adopting an integral formula, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein r is the radial distance in m, α is the azimuth angle in m, and z is the height in m;
the process of measurement calculation is as follows:
the weight of the cheese and the weight of the yarn drum are respectively measured, and the weight of the yarn drum is subtracted from the weight of the cheese to obtain the weight of the yarn in the cheese.
Example 2
A cheese winding density measuring device using the method for measuring the cheese winding density according to embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, is composed of a bobbin fixing device 1, a distance measuring device I4, a distance measuring device II 7, a distance measuring device III 8, and a fixing/driving device;
bobbin holding device 1 as shown in fig. 7, for holding a bobbin, the bobbin holding device 1 being partially cut
The structure of the shape frame is that,
the shape frame is composed of a v-21274with a downward opening direction and a column body vertically connected with the upper surface of the v-21274, the interception refers to interception by two planes which are parallel to each other, the two planes are positioned at two sides of the central axis of the column body and are parallel to the central axis of the column body, and the distance between the two planes is smaller than the diameter of the column body; the bobbin is sleeved on the column body, the diameter of the upper end of the column body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the bobbin and used for clamping the bobbin, and the diameter of the lower end of the column body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the bobbin and is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the bobbin and used for ensuring the bobbin to be stably fixed; the guide rail corresponding to the distance measuring device III penetrates through the V-shaped frame 21274; the device comprises a yarn cylinder fixing device 1, a distance measuring device III 8 and a control device, wherein the yarn cylinder fixing device 1 consists of a support frame and a cylinder body vertically connected with the upper surface of the support frame, the cylinder body is of a central shaft symmetric structure, the diameter of the upper end of the cylinder body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the yarn cylinder, the diameter of the lower end of the cylinder body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the yarn cylinder, and a penetrating gap with the width of 1-2 cm is reserved at the;
the distance measuring device I4, the distance measuring device II 7 and the distance measuring device III 8 are connected with the fixing/driving device and respectively and correspondingly used for acquiring coordinates of multiple points on the lines a, b and c;
the measuring light of the distance measuring device I4 is parallel to the central axis of the column body, the measuring light of the distance measuring device II 7 is vertical to the central axis of the column body, and the measuring light of the distance measuring device III 8 is parallel to the central axis of the column body;
the fixing/driving device is used for fixing and driving each distance measuring device, the fixing/driving device consists of Contraband-shaped plates, guide rails and a driving motor, the v 21274is formed by two transverse plates and a vertical plate, each of the two transverse plates and the vertical plate is provided with one guide rail, the distance measuring device I4, the distance measuring device II 7 and the distance measuring device III 8 are respectively in sliding connection with one guide rail (respectively corresponding to the first guide rail 5, the second guide rail 6 and the third guide rail 9) and are respectively connected with one driving motor, and one transverse plate of the v 21274is fixedly connected with the bottom plate.
Taking forward scanning as an example, that is, the moving directions of the distance measuring devices I and III are scanning from the origin to the positive direction of the y-axis, and the moving direction of the distance measuring device II is scanning from the negative direction of the z-axis to the positive direction of the z-axis, the specific process is as follows:
(1) initializing and calibrating three distance measuring devices, as shown in fig. 3, the distance measuring device I4 initializes a y value to 0 at the central axis of the bobbin fixing device 1, places a calibration cylinder at the upper surface position of the central axis position of the bobbin fixing device 1 (i.e. the upper surface at the central axis of the cylinder), i.e. places a calibration cylinder in the same direction at the z-axis position, measures the distance to the calibration cylinder on the bobbin fixing device 1 by the distance measuring device I4 to obtain the distance value plus the height of the calibration cylinder, and then initializes the calculated value to 0 (i.e. initializes the z value to 0); the distance measuring device II 7 initializes the z value to 0 at the y axis, the distance measuring device II 7 measures the distance to the calibration cylinder to obtain the distance value, then adds the radius of the calibration cylinder to obtain a numerical value (the measured distance value + the radius value of the calibration cylinder), and initializes the calculated value to 0 (namely, the y value is initialized to 0); the distance measuring device III 9 initializes the y value to 0 at the position where the scanning light is aligned with the origin, and simultaneously the distance measuring device III 8 measures the distance to the lower bottom surface of the calibration cylinder to obtain the distance value, and then initializes the value to 0 (namely, initializes the z value to 0);
(2) the distance measuring device I4 moves from the central axis (namely the position of the z axis) of the cheese to the edge direction of the cheese at a constant speed along the first guide rail 5, measures once at intervals, collects the point data of the measuring position, and packs all the measuring data points into a data packet a after the scanning is finished; the distance measuring device II 7 moves from the lower end of the cheese to the upper end of the cheese at a constant speed along the second guide rail 6, measures every other distance, collects point data of a measuring position, and packs all measuring data points into a data packet b after scanning is finished; the distance measuring device III 8 moves from the central axis (namely the position of the z axis) of the cheese to the edge direction of the cheese at a constant speed along the third guide rail 9, measures once at intervals, collects the data of the measuring position, packs all measuring data points into a data packet c after scanning is finished, and transmits the data packet to the industrial personal computer;
(3) transmitting a data packet of the weight of the cheese measured in advance and the weight of the yarn drum 2 of the cheese to an industrial personal computer, and calculating the weight of the yarn 3 of the cheese by the industrial personal computer;
(4) the industrial personal computer carries out the elimination of invalid data in the data packet a, the data packet b and the data packet c (namely, the data of the data points on the yarn 3 which is not the cheese and the data of the points which are not required to be measured by the sensor are removed), and the data packets become the data point packet a2, the data point packet b and the data point packet c1 shown in the figure 4 after the elimination is finished;
(5) the industrial personal computer respectively fits the data in the data point packet a2, the data point packet b and the data point packet c1 to obtain fitting curves a, b and c and corresponding fitting curve formulas a, b and c, and simultaneously carries out two-point straight line d by using the bobbin point in the data point packet a2 (the first point of the data point packet a2 in the forward scanning) and the bobbin point in the data point packet c1 (the first point of the data point packet c1 in the forward scanning) to obtain a straight line formula d, as shown in fig. 5;
(6) after the industrial personal computer finishes the steps, the curve formula a and the straight line formula D are used for calculating an intersection point A, the curve formula a and the curve formula B are used for calculating an intersection point B, the curve formula B and the curve formula C are used for calculating an intersection point C, and the curve formula C and the straight line formula D are used for calculating an intersection point D, wherein the intersection point A is shown in the figure 5;
(7) after the step 6) is completed, the curves a, b, c and the straight line d rotate around the z axis to obtain a curved surface E, F, G, H, namely, the industrial personal computer uses a mathematical method to rotate a surface equation to convert curve formulas a ^ b ^ c and straight line formula d ^ into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the finished curved surface E, F, G, H is shown in FIG. 6, and rectangular coordinates are converted into cylindrical coordinates;
(8) the volume is calculated using an integral formula as follows:
(9) dividing the weight of the yarn 3 of the cheese by the volume calculated in the step 8) to obtain the winding density of the cheese, and storing the winding density on the industrial personal computer.
For a cylindrical cheese with the diameter of 20.5cm, the diameter of a cheese of 6.6cm, the height of the yarn of 14.8cm, the weight of 1590g and the weight of the cheese of 124g, the winding density results are as follows:
calculated by the conventional calculation formula: 0.334809893, the method of the patent: 0.368; the related enterprises provide accurate data: 0.361. the comparison shows that the test precision of the invention is higher, and the test result is closer to the real data.
Example 3
A cheese winding density measuring method is basically the same as the example 1, and only differs in the step (2) and the step (3);
the step (2) is as follows: the coordinates of multiple points on lines a and c are collected, the yarn is wound into a hollow rotating body, the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular truncated cone, the lines a and c are respectively corresponding to the intersection lines of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half section Q, one edge of the half section Q is superposed with the central axis of a yarn drum and is positioned on the plane of the rectangular coordinate system, the side curve of the cheese is flat, so the intersection line of the side surface of the cheese and the half section Q can be defaulted to be an inclined line or a straight line, and the coordinates of the multiple points on the line b are not required to be collected;
the step (3) is as follows: and simultaneously, fitting the point a1 closest to the yarn barrel on the line a and the point c1 closest to the yarn barrel on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d.
Example 4
A cheese winding density measuring apparatus using the method for measuring cheese winding density according to embodiment 3 is basically the same as embodiment 2 except that: a) does not contain a distance measuring device II; b) the vertical plate is not provided with a guide rail.
Claims (10)
1. A cheese winding density measuring method is provided, the cheese is composed of a yarn drum and yarn wound on the yarn drum, and the cheese winding density measuring method is characterized in that: obtaining the volume of the yarn in the cheese through simulation calculation, and obtaining the winding density of the cheese by dividing the weight by the volume after obtaining the weight of the yarn in the cheese through measurement calculation;
the steps of the simulation calculation are as follows:
(1) establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central axis of the yarn cylinder as a coordinate axis;
(2) collecting coordinates of multiple points on lines a, b and c, winding the yarns into a hollow rotating body, wherein the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular truncated cone, the lines a, b and c are respectively corresponding to the intersection lines of the upper end surface, the side surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half-section Q, and one edge of the half-section Q is superposed with the central axis of the bobbin and is positioned on the plane of the rectangular coordinate system;
(3) fitting the multiple points on the lines a, b and c to obtain corresponding fitting curves a, b and c and fitting curve formulas a, b and c, and simultaneously fitting the point a1 farthest from the line b on the line a and the point c1 farthest from the line b on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d;
(4) calculating the coordinate of the intersection point A by using a and D, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point B by using a and B, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point C by using B and C, and calculating the coordinate of the intersection point D by using C and D;
(5) rotating the central axis of the winding drum a, b, c and d, and converting a ^ b ^ c, c and d ^ c into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d' by applying a rotating surface equation;
(6) coordinate conversion is used for the curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the curved surface formulas are converted from a rectangular coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system, and the volume of the yarn in the cheese is calculated by adopting an integral formula, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein r is the radial distance in m, α is the azimuth angle in m, and z is the height in m;
the process of measurement calculation is as follows:
the weight of the cheese and the weight of the yarn drum are respectively measured, and the weight of the yarn drum is subtracted from the weight of the cheese to obtain the weight of the yarn in the cheese.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of points on the lines a, b, c are arranged at equal intervals.
3. A cheese winding density measuring method is provided, the cheese is composed of a yarn drum and yarn wound on the yarn drum, and the cheese winding density measuring method is characterized in that: obtaining the volume of the yarn in the cheese through simulation calculation, and obtaining the winding density of the cheese by dividing the weight by the volume after obtaining the weight of the yarn in the cheese through measurement calculation;
the steps of the simulation calculation are as follows:
(1) establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the central axis of the yarn cylinder as a coordinate axis;
(2) collecting coordinates of multiple points on lines a and c, winding the yarns into a hollow rotating body, wherein the rotating body is a cylinder or a circular truncated cone, the lines a and c are respectively corresponding to intersecting lines of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the rotating body and a half-section Q, and one edge of the half-section Q is superposed with the central axis of the bobbin and is positioned on the plane of the rectangular coordinate system;
(3) fitting the multiple points on the lines a and c to obtain fitting curves a and c and fitting curve formulas a and c corresponding to the multiple points respectively, fitting the points on the line a farthest away from the yarn cylinder and the points on the line c farthest away from the yarn cylinder to obtain a fitting straight line b and a fitting straight line formula b, and simultaneously fitting the point a1 closest to the yarn cylinder on the line a and the point c1 closest to the yarn cylinder on the line c to obtain a fitting straight line d and a fitting straight line formula d;
(4) calculating the coordinate of the intersection point A by using a and D, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point B by using a and B, calculating the coordinate of the intersection point C by using B and C, and calculating the coordinate of the intersection point D by using C and D;
(5) rotating the central axis of the winding drum a, b, c and d, and converting a ^ b ^ c, c and d ^ c into curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d' by applying a rotating surface equation;
(6) coordinate conversion is used for the curved surface formulas a ', b', c 'and d', the curved surface formulas are converted from a rectangular coordinate system to a cylindrical coordinate system, and the volume of the yarn in the cheese is calculated by adopting an integral formula, which specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein r is the radial distance in m, α is the azimuth angle in m, and z is the height in m;
the process of measurement calculation is as follows:
the weight of the cheese and the weight of the yarn drum are respectively measured, and the weight of the yarn drum is subtracted from the weight of the cheese to obtain the weight of the yarn in the cheese.
4. The cheese winding density measuring device using the method for measuring the cheese winding density according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: mainly comprises a yarn cylinder fixing device, a distance measuring device I, a distance measuring device II, a distance measuring device III, an industrial personal computer and a fixing/driving device;
the yarn drum fixing device is used for fixing the yarn drum;
the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are connected with the fixing/driving device and respectively perform data acquisition on the coordinates of multiple points on the acquisition lines a, b and c; the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are connected with an industrial personal computer, measured data are packaged into data packets a, b and c after the data are collected, the data packets are transmitted to the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer obtains the cheese winding density through simulation calculation;
the fixing/driving means is used to fix and drive the respective distance measuring means.
5. The cheese winding density measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the fixing/driving device comprises an Contraband-shaped plate, a guide rail and a driving motor, the 21274the shaped plate comprises two transverse plates and a vertical plate, each of the two transverse plates and the vertical plate is provided with a guide rail, and the distance measuring device I, the distance measuring device II and the distance measuring device III are respectively connected with one guide rail in a sliding manner and are respectively connected with one driving motor.
6. The cheese winding density measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the bobbin fixing device is partially intercepted
The structure of the shape frame is that,
the shape frame is composed of a v-21274with a downward opening direction and a column body vertically connected with the upper surface of the v-21274, the interception refers to interception by two planes which are parallel to each other, the two planes are positioned at two sides of the central axis of the column body and are parallel to the central axis of the column body, and the distance between the two planes is smaller than the diameter of the column body; the diameter of the upper end of the column body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the yarn cylinder, and the diameter of the lower end of the column body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the yarn cylinder; the corresponding guide rail of the distance measuring device III passes through the V-shaped frame 21274.
7. The cheese winding density measuring device according to claim 6, wherein the measuring light of the distance measuring device I is parallel to the measuring light of the distance measuring device III, and the measuring light of the distance measuring device II is perpendicular to the measuring light of the distance measuring device I or the measuring light of the distance measuring device III.
8. The cheese winding density measuring device using the method for measuring the cheese winding density according to claim 3, wherein: mainly comprises a yarn cylinder fixing device, a distance measuring device I, a distance measuring device III, an industrial personal computer and a fixing/driving device;
the yarn drum fixing device is used for fixing the yarn drum;
the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are connected with the fixing/driving device and respectively correspond to coordinates of multiple points on the acquisition lines a and c to acquire data, the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are connected with the industrial personal computer, the acquired data are packaged into data packets a and c and transmitted to the industrial personal computer after the acquisition is finished, and the industrial personal computer obtains the cheese winding density through analog calculation;
the fixing/driving means is used to fix and drive the respective distance measuring means.
9. The cheese winding density measuring device according to claim 8, wherein the fixing/driving device comprises an Contraband-shaped plate, a guide rail and a driving motor, wherein the v-shaped plate comprises two transverse plates and a vertical plate, the two transverse plates are respectively provided with a guide rail, and the distance measuring device I and the distance measuring device III are respectively connected with one guide rail in a sliding manner and one driving motor.
10. The package yarn winding density measuring device according to claim 9, wherein the package securing means is partially truncated
The structure of the shape frame is that,
the shape frame is composed of a v-21274with a downward opening direction and a column body vertically connected with the upper surface of the v-21274, the interception refers to interception by two planes which are parallel to each other, the two planes are positioned at two sides of the central axis of the column body and are parallel to the central axis of the column body, and the distance between the two planes is smaller than the diameter of the column body; the diameter of the upper end of the column body is the same as the inner diameter of the upper end of the yarn cylinder, and the diameter of the lower end of the column body is larger than the inner diameter of the lower end of the yarn cylinder; the guide rail corresponding to the distance measuring device III penetrates through the V-shaped frame 21274; the measuring light of the distance measuring device I is parallel to the measuring light of the distance measuring device III.
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