CN111397073A

CN111397073A - Negative pressure dust fall new trend system between hatching

Info

Publication number: CN111397073A
Application number: CN202010323324.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李建; 梁继成
Original assignee: Sichuan Dekang Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Food Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Dekang Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Food Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2020-07-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for a hatching room, which comprises a dust-settling system for atomizing and spraying the inside of the hatching room and an air draft system for adjusting the pressure inside the hatching room, wherein the air draft system comprises an exhaust fan for driving one or more hatching machines arranged in the hatching room to update air and keep the pressure in the hatching room, a controller for driving and adjusting the rotating speed of the exhaust fan, a P L C logic editor for editing and setting the control logic of the controller and a pressure sensor arranged in the hatching room and used for acquiring the air pressure in the hatching room and transmitting the air pressure to the controller.

Description

Negative pressure dust fall new trend system between hatching

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hatching, in particular to the technical field of chicken and duck hatching devices, and particularly relates to a negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for a hatching room.

Background

With the progress of science and technology, the meat demand of the oviparous poultry in the market is increased day by day, and the hatching, breeding and selling of the conventional oviparous poultry are batched, scaled and standardized. In order to more scientifically and efficiently hatch the poultry, from traditional lighting heating to professional hatcheries and then from hatcheries to present hatcheries. Utilize scientific and technological equipment to the accurate control of temperature, can be high efficiency, the high survival rate hatch oviparous poultry, such as chicken, duck.

However, in the present day, not only the hatching efficiency and the hatching survival rate are considered for the hatching production of the chickens and the ducklings, but also the environment is polluted little and not polluted as much as possible, which puts higher requirements on the existing hatching equipment and the hatching environment. In the whole hatching process, the hatching machine needs to be installed in a closed hatching room, so that the stable temperature is ensured, and the hatching machine is favorable for hatching. The existing mode is that a ventilating fan is directly arranged on the wall of a hatching room or a hatching room, and the exhaust function of the ventilating fan is utilized to enable the hatching room to form a negative pressure environment, but the defect of the mode is obvious; such as: when the total power of the ventilation fan is too large, the negative pressure difference is too large, so that hot air in the hatching machine can be forcibly exhausted; if the total power of the ventilator is too small, the negative pressure generated is possibly insufficient, meanwhile, the exhaust is insufficient, and impurities and harmful gases generated in the disc falling process cannot be discharged in time. Therefore, the optimal hatching state can be scientifically achieved only by executing the operation according to the preset negative pressure value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a negative pressure dust-settling fresh air system for hatchlings, which aims to solve the problems that the negative pressure value is insufficient due to insufficient air draft in the prior art, waste gas in hatchlings cannot be exhausted in time when hatchlings are hatched in different batches, so that subsequently hatched chicks and ducklings are easily infected, if the negative pressure value is too high due to excessive air draft, heat preservation hot air in the hatchlings is easily pumped out, so that the environment in the hatchlings is damaged, the hatching time period is slightly prolonged, and the hatching is stopped, and the application provides a negative pressure dust-settling fresh air system for hatchlings, a P L C logic editor sets a scientific negative pressure value for fertilized eggs to be hatched, a pressure sensor collects the actual pressure value in the hatchlings in real time as a basis for adjusting the output power of the hatchlings, closed-loop adjustment is realized, so that the actual hatching pressure value always fluctuates around the theoretically set pressure value, the whole hatching process is carried out according to preset conditions, so as to achieve efficient hatching, and efficient effects of the P L C logic editor is an existing product, but the adjustment can be added to the actual hatching pressure value of the hatching pressure value in the hatching process of the hatching, so that the hatching of the hatching eggs in the hatching process can be considered and the actual hatching process can be considered, the actual hatching process of the hatching, the humidity of the hatching, the hatching of the hatching eggs, the hatching of the hatching egg, the hatching of the hatching, the hatching of the hatching.

The hatching process has obvious rules for the change of the negative pressure value and the flow rate of exhaust air exchange, namely, the hatchers are opened only in the stage after the eggs are placed, then dust, chicken feathers or duck feathers and other sundries appear, namely, the flow rate of air exchange needs to be increased in the period, no matter how many hatchers exist in the hatchery, no matter how discrete the hatching time difference of the multiple hatchers exists, the negative pressure value is set by the P L C logic editor according to the sequence and the time difference of the hatchers for placing the eggs to be hatched, so that the whole hatchery can be hatched completely according to the set negative pressure condition in a complete period, and the hatching period can be continuously and circularly hatched, the energy consumption is reduced to the lowest while the high-efficiency hatching is ensured, and the low-carbon and environment-friendly effects are achieved.

In a similar way, the dust settling system sets the time and the frequency of spraying according to the node of the set falling plate in the set period, dust settling can be effectively realized, the effect of hair binding is realized, the fluff generated in the incubation process is prevented from blocking the air draft system, and the environment is polluted in the exhaust atmosphere. Moreover, the dust fall system goes out the dust fall and restraints the hair outside, can also realize adjusting the humidity in the room of hatching according to setting for the water yield that sprays time and spray, optimization incubation environment that can be further.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

a negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for a hatching room comprises a dust settling system for atomizing and spraying the interior of the hatching room and an air draft system for adjusting the pressure of the interior of the hatching room, wherein the air draft system comprises an air draft fan for driving one or more hatching machines arranged in the hatching room to update air and keep the pressure in the hatching room, a controller for driving and adjusting the rotating speed of the air draft fan, and the controller is connected with a P L C logic editor for editing and setting the control logic of the controller and a pressure sensor arranged in the hatching room and used for collecting the air pressure in the hatching room and transmitting the air pressure to the controller;

the exhaust passage of any one of the hatching machines is communicated with each other through an exhaust pipe and communicated with the air inlet end of the exhaust fan through a split flow guider, and the split flow guider is communicated with the hatching room, the exhaust passage of any one of the hatching machines and the air inlet end of the exhaust fan simultaneously.

Preferably, the reposition of redundant personnel director has the flow path wall as the circulation of air mainstream way, the circumference slope is provided with a plurality of water conservancy diversion pieces on the flow path wall, the contained angle that water conservancy diversion piece and flow path wall are close to between the air inlet end one side is the acute angle.

Preferably, the included angle between the guide vane and one side of the flow channel wall close to the air inlet end is 25-45 degrees.

Preferably, the flow channel wall is fixedly connected with a filter screen, the filter screen covers the outer circumference of the whole flow channel wall, extends towards two ends of the flow channel wall and is respectively connected with the air outlet end and the air inlet end of the flow channel wall.

Preferably, dust fall system is including installing the shower of inside and outside intercommunication in the room of hatching, a plurality of free ends that the shower is located the room of hatching are equallyd divide and are do not airtight connection have and be used for spraying the atomizing shower head of water, and the other end of shower communicates with the spray tank bottom of airtight setting, and the spray tank top communicates respectively has delivery pipe and air supply pipe, the air supply pipe intercommunication have by the booster of controller control, the intercommunication install the solenoid valve by controller control on the air supply pipe between booster and the spray tank.

Further preferably, one end of the spray pipe close to the spray water tank is provided with a second one-way valve. The water supply pipe is provided with a first one-way valve.

As a further preferred scheme, a U-shaped pipe communicated with the interior of the hatching chamber is arranged on the outer wall of the hatching chamber, colored liquid is filled in the U-shaped pipe, and pressure difference scales are arranged on the U-shaped pipe; the effective differential pressure value of the U-shaped pipe is larger than the maximum negative pressure value between hatchlings.

Has the advantages that:

the invention can set the negative pressure value according to the batch of the eggs incubated in the hatching room and the actual requirement, realizes accurate control, can meet the requirement of a plurality of hatching machines, and can adjust the negative pressure value in the hatching room for the incubation of different batches, and the adjustment accuracy is well controlled; the hatching machine does not pump hot air away in the heat preservation stage; the hatching machine is in the ventilation stage, and harmful gas cannot overflow to pollute the hatching room. The dust settling system can simultaneously realize the effects of dust settling, hair binding and humidity regulation.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a temperature and humidity control graph of the hatching process in example 1;

FIG. 3 is a pressure control graph of the hatching process in example 1;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal full sectional view of the diverter guide along the central axis;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the air flow of the diversion guide to draw air within the hatchling compartment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the air flow of the diversion guide to draw air within the hatchling.

In the figure, 1-supercharger, 2-electromagnetic valve, 3-controller, 4-P L C logic editor, 5-first one-way valve, 6-spray water tank, 7-spray pipe, 8-second one-way valve, 9-exhaust fan, 10-diversion guider, 101-flow deflector, 102-flow channel wall, 103-filter screen, 104-air outlet end, 105-air inlet end, 11-spray head, 12-young-raising machine, 13-air inlet, 14-U-shaped pipe, 15-pressure sensor, 16-humidity sensor, 17-air supply pipe and 18-exhaust pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the application is used, the description is only for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description herein are only used for distinguishing between similar elements and are not intended to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present application do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example 1:

in the embodiment, hatching chicks are taken as an example, and the negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system shown in the attached

drawings

1 and 3 in the description comprises a dust-settling system for atomizing and spraying the inside of a hatching chamber and an air-extracting system for adjusting the pressure inside the hatching chamber, wherein the air-extracting system comprises an exhaust fan 9 for driving three hatching machines 12 installed in the hatching chamber to update air and keep the internal pressure of the hatching chamber, a centrifugal fan is adopted as the exhaust fan 9 in the embodiment, a controller 3 for driving and adjusting the rotating speed of the exhaust fan 9 is connected with a P L C logic editor 4 for editing and setting the control logic of the controller 3 and a pressure sensor 15 installed in the hatching chamber for collecting the internal air pressure of the hatching chamber and transmitting the internal air pressure to the controller 3, the exhaust channels of any hatching machine 12 are communicated with each other through an exhaust pipe 18 and are communicated with the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 9 through a diversion guider 10, and the diversion guider 10 is simultaneously communicated with the hatching chamber, the exhaust channel of any hatching machine 12 and the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 9.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, describing the installation of the invention before actual work, in this embodiment, the air inlets 13 of the three hatchers 12 are respectively communicated with the outside of the hatchling room, the air inlets 13 are closed and opened by the adjusting function of the hatchers 12, and when the hatchers need to be incubated while keeping warm, the air inlets 13 are closed and isolated from the outside of the hatchling room; when the chick pecks and shells at the later stage of the tray falling stage, the air inlet 13 is opened, so that the fresh air inside the hatching machine 12 is communicated with the fresh air outside the hatching chamber, and the fresh air outside the hatching chamber enters the hatching machine 12 under the air draft effect of the exhaust fan 9, so that the air in the hatching machine 12 is updated.

Secondly, in the actual hatching process, according to the actual need of hatching by the three hatching machines 12, setting a negative pressure value as shown by a curve f in fig. 3, sending acquired pressure data to the controller 3 by the pressure sensor 15 in real time, sending a driving instruction to the exhaust fan 9 by the controller 3 according to a program logic preset by the P L C logic editor 4, and feeding back the output power of the exhaust fan 9 by the pressure sensor 15 in real time to realize closed-loop control, the negative pressure value between the actual hatching processes is as shown by a curve e, the limit value of the curve e is the limit condition for triggering the exhaust fan 9 by the controller 3 preset by the P L C logic editor 4, as shown by upper and lower dotted lines in fig. 3, because the hatching process needs to maintain negative pressure throughout, but not necessarily a precise point value, the adjustment of the exhaust fan 9 within the set range can achieve the expected effect by using a frequency conversion unit in the controller 3, the actual curve e can always fluctuate between the preset limit values relative to the theoretical set curve f, the distance between the two dotted lines represents the higher control accuracy, the distance is the smaller, the distance between the larger the distance represents the larger the control accuracy, the larger the air flow rate is provided by the centrifugal type exhaust fan, and the exhaust fan can only provide a significant air flow-through the conventional exhaust fan when the exhaust fan is in the state of the conventional exhaust fan.

When a hatching room is in a hatching and heat-preserving state, the air inlet 13 of any one of the hatching machines 12 is in a closed state, the hatching machine 12 is subjected to heat preservation and hatching at the temperature of 37.8 ℃, at the moment, the hatching machine is communicated with the inside of the hatching room through the exhaust pipe 18, the three-way communication between the exhaust pipe 18 and the inside of the hatching room and the air draft metal 9 is realized through the flow dividing guide 10, when the exhaust fan 9 works, the air inlet 13 at the other end of the exhaust pipe 18 is in a closed state, therefore, the exhaust fan 9 can only extract air in the hatching room, and immediately before the air is started, as the air pressure in the hatching room is equal to the external air pressure, the difference △ P between the actual negative pressure value and the theoretical negative pressure value is larger, the exhaust fan 9 performs air draft with higher power, and when the actual △ P is gradually close to the preset value and reaches the preset value along with the continuous progress of air draft, the output power of the exhaust fan 9 is gradually reduced until the actual △ P is kept at a relatively.

Example 2:

in order to better embody the beneficial effects of the present invention with respect to the prior art, based on embodiment 1 and further shown in fig. 4-6 of the specification, the flow dividing guide 10 has a flow passage wall 102 as a main flow passage for air to flow through, a plurality of guide vanes 101 are circumferentially and obliquely arranged on the flow passage wall 102, and an included angle between each guide vane 101 and one side of the flow passage wall 102 close to the air inlet end 105 forms an acute angle. In this embodiment, an included angle between the guide vane 101 and the side of the flow channel wall 102 close to the air inlet end 105 is 25 ° to 45 °. The above arrangement of the present embodiment needs to be emphasized and described, and the above structure is one of the important improvements of the applicant. Based on the fact that the hatching machine 12 can have two states of ventilation and heat preservation in the whole hatching process, in order to ensure that the hatching machine 12 and the hatching chamber keep a negative pressure state, the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 9 must be communicated with the exhaust pipe 18, namely the hatching machine 12; and is also communicated with the interior of the hatching room. However, the problem that the hatchling room is not ventilated is that, if the hatchling room is directly connected with the three-way pipe, when the flow of the channel formed between the hatchling room and the exhaust fan 9 is too large and when the air inlet 13 of the hatchling machine 12 is opened, the harmful gas generated by incubation in the hatchling machine 12 can directly overflow into the hatchling room, and once the harmful gas enters into the hatchling room, the harmful gas can be diffused to the air inlet end of the exhaust fan 9 for being exhausted for a long time. If the flow rate of the passage formed between the hatching chamber and the exhaust fan 9 is too small, the exhaust fan 9 is likely to directly draw the warm air in the hatching machine 12 away, resulting in direct damage to the hatching environment.

By adopting the flow dividing guide 10 in the embodiment, under the action of the flow deflector 101, the air from the hatchling machine 12 is always kept to flow along the inclined direction of the flow deflector 101, so that the air is prevented from overflowing into the hatchling room, as shown in fig. 6. When the hatching machine is in the warm-keeping hatching process, the air flow direction is as shown in fig. 5, so that the ventilation in the tray falling stage of the hatching machine 12 can be met under the condition that the negative pressure in the hatching room and the negative pressure in the hatching machine 12 are ensured no matter what stage.

In this embodiment, the flow channel wall 102 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 103, and the filter screen 103 covers the entire outer circumference of the flow channel wall 102, extends towards two ends of the flow channel wall 102, and is respectively connected with the air outlet end 104 and the air inlet end 105 of the flow channel wall 102. The filter screen 103 is used for blocking fine fluff entering a hatching room in the hatching machine and preventing the fluff from being sucked into the exhaust fan 9 to influence the effective air suction amount of the exhaust fan 9.

Example 3:

on the basis of any one of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-6 in the specification, the dust suppression system includes a spray pipe 7 installed inside and outside the hatching chamber, the multiple free ends of the spray pipe 7 located inside the hatching chamber are respectively connected with a spray head 11 for atomizing spray water in an airtight manner, the other end of the spray pipe 7 is communicated with the bottom of a spray water tank 6 arranged in an airtight manner, the top of the spray water tank 6 is respectively communicated with a water supply pipe and an air supply pipe 17, the air supply pipe 17 is communicated with a supercharger 1 controlled by the controller 3, and an electromagnetic valve 2 controlled by the controller 3 is installed on the air supply pipe 17 communicated between the supercharger 1 and the spray water tank 6. And a second one-way valve 8 is arranged at one end of the spray pipe 7 close to the spray water tank 6. A first one-way valve 5 is arranged on the water supply pipe. The outer wall of the hatching chamber is provided with a U-shaped pipe 14 communicated with the interior of the hatching chamber, colored liquid is filled in the U-shaped pipe 14, and the U-shaped pipe 14 is provided with pressure difference scales; the effective differential pressure value of the U-shaped pipe 14 is larger than the maximum negative pressure value between hatchlings.

The main effect of dust fall system is to spray the atomizing with dust and fine hair in the room of hatching and subside, simultaneously, sprays the volume according to the control and realizes adjusting the humidity in the room of hatching. The spraying in the embodiment adopts instantaneous on-off pressurization to spray, so that the aim of ensuring the accurate control of the spraying amount and simultaneously ensuring the spraying atomization effect is fulfilled. The direct purpose of pressure boost is the atomizing state that improves greatly and spray, adjusts and control in order to realize the humidity to the inside of hatching room, mountable and 3 communication connection's of controller humidity transducer 16 be used for gathering the humidity of hatching in the room, and the data of gathering according to humidity transducer 16 is as the basis that the feedback and regulation sprayed the water yield to realize dust fall and humidity control's dual function. The humidity control principle is the negative pressure control method in embodiment 1, which belongs to the existing closed-loop control technology, and is not described in detail herein, specifically as shown in fig. 2, wherein a curve a is an actual temperature curve; curve c is the theoretical temperature curve; curve b is the actual humidity curve; curve d is the theoretical humidity curve.

The working principle is as follows: when the humidity collected by the humidity sensor 16 or the spraying mode preset by the controller 3 is lower than the preset humidity, the controller 3 sends an opening signal to the electromagnetic valve 2, and the supercharger 1 conveys high-pressure gas into the spraying water tank 6 through the gas supply pipe 17, so that the water in the spraying water tank 6 is conveyed to each spraying head 11 through the spraying pipe 7 to be atomized and sprayed under the action of the high-pressure gas. When the flow that sprays reaches and predetermines the flow, solenoid valve 2 closes, and high-pressure gas stops to pour into spray tank 6 into, and the while controller 3 opens and installs relief valve between solenoid valve 2 and spray tank 6 can release remaining high-pressure gas in spray tank 6 in the twinkling of an eye, and after the high-pressure gas release in spray tank 6, decompression in shower 7, under the effect of blockking of second check valve 8, shower head 11 can stop spraying in the twinkling of an eye, realizes accurate flow control. Because the first check valve 5 is arranged on the water supply pipe, when the spray water tank 6 has high pressure, no pressure loss occurs through the water supply pipe, and no influence is caused on a water source connected with the water supply pipe.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for a hatching room comprises a dust settling system for atomizing and spraying the interior of the hatching room and an air draft system for adjusting the pressure of the interior of the hatching room, and is characterized in that the air draft system comprises an exhaust fan (9) for driving one or more hatching machines (12) arranged in the hatching room to perform air updating and maintaining the pressure in the hatching room, a controller (3) for driving and adjusting the rotating speed of the exhaust fan (9), a P L C logic editor (4) for editing and setting the control logic of the controller (3) and a pressure sensor (15) arranged in the hatching room for acquiring the air pressure in the hatching room and transmitting the air pressure to the controller (3);

the exhaust passage of any one of the hatching machines (12) is communicated with each other through an exhaust pipe (18) and communicated with the air inlet end of the exhaust fan (9) through a shunt guider (10), and the shunt guider (10) is communicated with the hatching room, the exhaust passage of any one of the hatching machines (12) and the air inlet end of the exhaust fan (9) at the same time.

2. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatching room of claim 1, wherein the negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system comprises: reposition of redundant personnel director (10) have runner wall (102) as circulation of air mainstream way, the slope of circumference is provided with a plurality of guide vanes (101) on runner wall (102), guide vane (101) and runner wall (102) are close to the contained angle between air inlet end (105) one side and are the acute angle.

3. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatching room of claim 2, wherein the negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system comprises: the included angle between the flow deflector (101) and one side of the flow channel wall (102) close to the air inlet end (105) is 25-45 degrees.

4. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatchling room as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein: the flow channel wall (102) is fixedly connected with a filter screen (103), the filter screen (103) covers the outer circumference of the whole flow channel wall (102), extends towards two ends of the flow channel wall (102) and is respectively connected with an air outlet end (104) and an air inlet end (105) of the flow channel wall (102).

5. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatchling room as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: dust fall system is including installing shower (7) of inside and outside intercommunication in the room of hatching, shower (7) are located a plurality of free ends of hatching in the room and equally divide and do not airtightly be connected with and are used for spraying water atomizing shower head (11), and the other end of shower (7) communicates bottom spray tank (6) of airtight setting, and spray tank (6) top communicates respectively has delivery pipe and air supply pipe (17), air supply pipe (17) intercommunication have by booster (1) of controller (3) control, the intercommunication install solenoid valve (2) by controller (3) control on air supply pipe (17) between booster (1) and spray tank (6).

6. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatching room of claim 5, wherein: and a second one-way valve (8) is arranged at one end of the spray pipe (7) close to the spray water tank (6).

7. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatching room of claim 6, wherein: the water supply pipe is provided with a first one-way valve (5).

8. The negative-pressure dust-settling fresh air system for the hatchling rooms as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6 to 7, wherein: the outer wall of the hatching chamber is provided with a U-shaped pipe (14) communicated with the interior of the hatching chamber, colored liquid is filled in the U-shaped pipe (14), and the U-shaped pipe (14) is provided with pressure difference scales; the effective differential pressure value of the U-shaped pipe (14) is larger than the maximum negative pressure value between hatchlings.