CN111396469A - Drum brake device for truck - Google Patents

Drum brake device for truck Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111396469A
CN111396469A CN202010267376.4A CN202010267376A CN111396469A CN 111396469 A CN111396469 A CN 111396469A CN 202010267376 A CN202010267376 A CN 202010267376A CN 111396469 A CN111396469 A CN 111396469A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
drum
brake shoe
hole
shaft sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010267376.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111396469B (en
Inventor
许恩永
何水龙
王衍学
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Guilin University of Electronic Technology
Priority to CN202010267376.4A priority Critical patent/CN111396469B/en
Publication of CN111396469A publication Critical patent/CN111396469A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111396469B publication Critical patent/CN111396469B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D51/00—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
    • F16D51/16—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis
    • F16D51/32—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with three or more brake shoes
    • F16D51/34—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with three or more brake shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots
    • F16D51/38—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with three or more brake shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots fluid actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/04—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F16D65/08—Bands, shoes or pads; Pivots or supporting members therefor for internally-engaging brakes
    • F16D65/09—Pivots or supporting members therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/28—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged apart from the brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
    • F16D2125/08—Seals, e.g. piston seals

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a drum brake device for a truck, which comprises a brake unit: the brake comprises a brake drum, brake shoes abutted against the brake drum and a support shaft supporting the brake shoes, wherein the brake shoes are divided into a first brake shoe and a second brake shoe; a classification unit: the first shaft sleeve is arranged on the supporting shaft, the second shaft sleeve is coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve, the first shaft sleeve is connected with the first brake shoe through a first connecting rod, and the second shaft sleeve is connected with the corresponding second brake shoe through a second connecting rod; a transmission unit: the brake pump is abutted against one end of the transmission rod and comprises a pump body, an oil outlet arranged at one end of the pump body and a piston positioned in the pump body; the invention adopts different braking measures, such as slow deceleration, braking parking and other operations, the braking effect is gradual, the condition of vehicle locking can not occur, and the smoothness and the driving comfort level are improved.

Description

Drum brake device for truck
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drum brakes, in particular to a drum brake device for a truck.
Background
The drum brake on the automobile is simply composed of a brake oil pump, a piston, a brake pad and a drum chamber, wherein the piston is pushed by high-pressure brake oil of a brake cylinder during braking, acting force is applied to two half-moon-shaped brake shoes to press the inner wall of the drum chamber, and the brake drum is prevented from rotating by friction force so as to achieve the braking effect. The brake main cylinder belongs to a unidirectional action piston type hydraulic cylinder and has the function of converting mechanical energy input by a pedal mechanism into hydraulic energy. The brake master cylinder is divided into a single-cavity type and a double-cavity type and is respectively used for a single-circuit hydraulic brake system and a double-circuit hydraulic brake system; in order to improve the running safety of automobiles, according to the requirements of traffic laws and regulations, the conventional running brake system of automobiles adopts a double-circuit brake system, namely a double-circuit hydraulic brake system consisting of tandem double-cavity master cylinders (the single-cavity brake master cylinder is eliminated); when a driver decelerates and brakes or slowly brakes, the braking effect of the existing drum brake cannot be gradual, and the driving experience is influenced by the conditions that the vehicle shakes, is locked and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, and in this section as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application some simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art and/or the problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the braking is not stable when a vehicle is driven, and the condition of long braking distance or brake locking is easily caused.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a drum brake device for a truck comprises a brake unit, a brake unit and a control unit, wherein the brake unit comprises a brake drum, brake shoes abutted against the brake drum and a support shaft supporting the brake shoes, and the brake shoes are divided into a first brake shoe and a second brake shoe; the first brake shoe and the second brake shoe are identical in structure; the grading unit comprises a first shaft sleeve arranged on the supporting shaft and a second shaft sleeve coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve, the first shaft sleeve is connected with the first brake shoe through a first connecting rod, and the second shaft sleeve is connected with the corresponding second brake shoe through a second connecting rod; the transmission unit comprises a transmission rod connected with the first shaft sleeve and a brake pump abutted to one end of the transmission rod, and the brake pump comprises a pump body, an oil outlet arranged at one end of the pump body and a piston positioned in the pump body.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the transmission unit further comprises an oil storage cavity, the oil storage cavity is arranged on the outer side of the pump body, and the oil storage cavity is communicated with the pump body through a first hole and a second hole; a sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the pump body, a balance cavity is also arranged between the piston and the pump body, a compensation hole is formed between the balance cavity and the sealing ring, and a return spring is arranged between the piston and the oil outlet; the brake pump further comprises an oil return valve, and the oil return valve is arranged at the oil outlet.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the support shaft comprises a support plate, and the brake shoes are uniformly arranged on the support plate; the supporting disc is provided with mounting holes along the circumference, one end of the brake shoe is provided with a rotating pin, and the brake shoe is mounted in the mounting holes through the rotating pin.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the first shaft sleeve comprises a first hinged end and a first notch, the second shaft sleeve comprises a second hinged end and a second notch, the first hinged end is embedded in the second notch, the second hinged end is embedded in the first notch, and the width of the second notch is larger than that of the first hinged end.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the brake shoe further comprises a friction surface and a connecting hole, the friction surface is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the friction surface is consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the brake drum; the connecting hole is located on the inner side of the brake shoe, the first connecting rod is connected with the connecting hole of the first brake shoe and the first hinged end, and the second connecting rod is connected with the connecting hole of the second brake shoe and the second hinged end.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the first connecting rod comprises a shell, a sliding shaft and an elastic piece positioned between the shell and the sliding shaft, one end of the elastic piece is abutted against the shell, and the other end of the elastic piece is abutted against the sliding shaft; the variable length of the first connecting rod is not greater than the length of the second connecting rod.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the brake drum comprises a limiting end, a first bearing is arranged in the limiting end, and one end of the supporting shaft abuts against the limiting end through the first bearing.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the supporting plate further comprises a reset hole, the brake unit further comprises a reset pin and a reset spring, the reset pin is arranged in the reset hole, one end of the reset spring is connected with the reset pin, and the other end of the reset spring is connected with the brake shoe.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the first shaft sleeve comprises a transmission end, a second bearing is arranged between the transmission end and the supporting shaft, and the transmission end is connected with a brake pedal; the brake unit further comprises a hub, the brake drum is located in the hub and coaxially arranged, and the hub is connected with the brake drum through bolts.
As a preferable aspect of the drum brake device for a truck of the present invention, wherein: the grading unit further comprises a limiting disc, the brake shoe is arranged between the limiting disc and the supporting disc, the limiting disc further comprises a reset pin hole, one end of the reset pin is fixed in the reset pin hole, and the other end of the reset pin is fixed in the reset hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when a driver drives the vehicle, the shell takes different braking measures, such as slow deceleration, braking parking and the like, on the vehicle according to different conditions, the braking effect is gradual, the condition of locking the vehicle is avoided, and the driving experience and the smoothness of the vehicle are improved;
2. the compensation effect of the compensation hole 302c-2 in the transmission unit when the brake pedal is loosened and stepped on rapidly and repeatedly enables the brake to be more stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transmission unit of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission unit in a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a return valve in a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first link in a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a classification unit of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a chamfered surface of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a brake shoe of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of an explosive structure of a drum brake device for trucks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a position of a hub of a drum brake device for a truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration when describing the embodiments of the present invention, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present embodiment provides a drum brake device for a truck, including a brake unit 100, including a brake drum 101, a brake shoe 102 abutting against the brake drum 101, and a support shaft 103 supporting the brake shoe 102, where the brake shoe 102 is divided into a first brake shoe a and a second brake shoe B; the brake drum 101 is a friction coupling of a drum brake, and has a basic shape of a drum, preferably, the brake drum 101 is integrally cast by high-strength gray cast iron or alloy cast iron containing Cr, and the brake shoe 102 is made of malleable cast iron, ductile cast iron, cast steel or cast aluminum alloy; in the present embodiment, the number of the brake shoes 102 is 4, two of which are the first brake shoes a, and the other two of which are the second brake shoes B. When the brake shoe 102 expands outwards from the center of the circle, the brake shoe rubs against the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to achieve the braking effect. The grading unit 200 comprises a first shaft sleeve 201 arranged on the support shaft 103 and a second shaft sleeve 202 arranged coaxially with the first shaft sleeve 201, wherein the first shaft sleeve 201 is connected with a first brake shoe A through a first connecting rod 203, and the second shaft sleeve 202 is connected with a corresponding second brake shoe B through a second connecting rod 204; the first brake shoe A and the second brake shoe B have the same structure; when the first shaft sleeve 201 rotates, the first connecting rod 203 is pushed, the first connecting rod 203 applies force to the first brake shoe A to enable the first brake shoe A to rotate outwards and to be in contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to generate friction, similarly, when the second shaft sleeve 202 rotates, the second connecting rod 204 is pushed, and the second connecting rod 204 applies force to the second brake shoe B to enable the second brake shoe B to rotate outwards and to be in contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to generate friction. The transmission unit 300 comprises a transmission rod 301 connected with the first shaft sleeve 201, and a brake pump 302 abutted against one end of the transmission rod 301, wherein the brake pump 302 comprises a pump body 302a, an oil outlet 302b arranged at one end of the pump body 302a, and a piston 302c positioned in the pump body 302 a. The transmission unit 300 further comprises an oil storage cavity 303, the oil storage cavity 303 is arranged on the outer side of the pump body 302a, and the oil storage cavity 303 is communicated with the pump body 302a through a first hole 303a and a second hole 303 b; a sealing ring 304 is arranged between the piston 302c and the pump body 302a, a balance cavity 302c-1 is also arranged between the piston 302c and the pump body 302a, a compensation hole 302c-2 is arranged between the balance cavity 302c-1 and the sealing ring 304, and a return spring 302d is arranged between the piston 302c and the oil outlet 302 b; brake pump 302 further includes a return valve 302e, return valve 302e being disposed at outlet port 302 b. When the brake pedal is not stepped on, the piston 302c returns under the force of the return spring 302d, the piston 302c and the sealing ring 304 are positioned between the first hole 303a and the second hole 303b of the pump body 302a, and the oil pressure of the working cavity in front of the piston 302c is balanced with the oil storage cavity 303 through the first hole 303 a; when the brake pedal is stepped on, the piston 302c and the sealing ring 304 are pushed to move, when the piston 302c and the sealing ring 304 exceed the first hole 303a, the oil pressure of a working cavity in front of the piston 302c is closed, the oil pressure is increased, and brake fluid pushes the transmission rod 301 through the oil outlet 302b to push the brake shoe 102 to act; preferably, when the brake pedal is released, the piston 302c returns under the force of the return spring, the oil pressure of the working chamber decreases, but if the brake pedal is released rapidly, the brake fluid at the rear part of the piston 302c can push the seal ring 304 through the compensation hole 302c-2 on the piston 302c to enter the working chamber in front of the piston 302c, and then when the brake pedal is depressed again, the brake fluid in the working chamber is discharged to the oil outlet 302b again to push the transmission rod 301, so that the brake pedal is released and depressed rapidly and repeatedly, because the brake fluid at the rear part of the piston 302c is compensated to enter the working chamber, the oil in the working chamber is discharged more and the oil return is less each time. Referring to fig. 4, oil return valve 302e includes a cover plate 302e-1 and an oil return spring 302e-2, two cover plates 302e-1 are provided and connected by a cylindrical rod, the cylindrical rod passes through oil outlet 302b, the diameter of cover plate 302e-1 is larger than that of oil outlet 302b, oil return spring 302e-2 is provided between cover plate 302e-1 and oil outlet 302b, tension applied to cover plate 302e-1 inside brake pump 302 causes cover plate 302e-1 to cover oil outlet 302b, when the brake pedal is stepped on, cover plate 302e-1 compresses oil return spring 302e-2, oil outlet 302b is through, and at this time, oil can pass through oil outlet 302 b.
Further, the support shaft 103 comprises a support plate 103a, and the brake shoes 102 are uniformly arranged on the support plate 103 a; the support plate 103a is circumferentially provided with a mounting hole 103a-1, one end of the brake shoe 102 is provided with a rotation pin 102a, and the brake shoe 102 is mounted in the mounting hole 103a-1 through the rotation pin 102 a. The brake shoe 102 rotates along the rotation pin 102 a. Specifically, the first sleeve 201 includes a first hinge end 201a, a first notch 201b, the second sleeve 202 includes a second hinge end 202a, a second notch 202b, the first hinge end 201a is embedded in the second notch 202b, the second hinge end 202a is embedded in the first notch 201b, the second notch 202b has a width larger than that of the first hinge end 201a, the second notch 202b includes a first face 202b-1 and a second face 202b-2, a distance between the first face 202b-1 and the second face 202b-2 is larger than that of the first hinge end 201a, that is, initially, the first hinge end 201a contacts the first face 202b-1, when the first sleeve 201 rotates, the first hinge end 201a slides in the second notch 202b away from the first face 202b-1, the first link 201a connects the first link 203 to allow the first brake shoe a to abut against the inner wall 101 of the brake drum 101 along the mounting hole 103a-1, the second shaft sleeve 202 does not rotate, when the first shaft sleeve 201 continues to rotate, the first hinged end 201a and the second surface 202B-2 start to contact, at this time, the first hinged end 201a and the second surface 202B-2 rotate simultaneously, namely, the second shaft sleeve 202 starts to rotate, so that the second brake shoe B rotates towards the brake drum 101 along the mounting hole 103a-1, the second brake shoe B is abutted against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, and at this time, the first brake shoe a and the second brake shoe B both rub against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, and the braking force is maximum. Specifically, the first link 203 includes a housing 203a, a sliding shaft 203b, and an elastic member 203c located between the housing 203a and the sliding shaft 203b, where one end of the elastic member 203c abuts against the housing 203a and the other end abuts against the sliding shaft 203 b; the first link 203 varies by no more than the length of the second link 204. The elastic member 203c is a spring, that is, when the first link 203 is pressed by force, the elastic member 203c is compressed and the first link 203 is contracted. In this embodiment, the resistance of the elastic member 203c is set to FTThe initial force applied to the first sleeve 201 is F1Further application ofThe applied force is F2And the following conditions are satisfied:
F2＞F1，
F1＜FT，
F2＞FT
that is, first, F is applied to the first sleeve 2011Due to F1＜FTIf the length of the first link 203 is not changed, the first brake shoe a abuts against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, and the force is continuously applied to the first sleeve 201 until F2Due to F2＞FTWhen the length of the first link 203 is correspondingly shortened by being pressed, but the first brake shoe a continuously abuts against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, the first bushing 201 starts to rotate the second brake shoe B along the mounting hole 103a-1 towards the brake drum 101 with the second bushing 202, so that the second brake shoe B abuts against the inner wall of the brake drum 101.
Furthermore, the supporting plate 103a further comprises a reset hole 103a-2, the brake unit 100 further comprises a reset pin 104 and a reset spring 105, the reset pin 104 is arranged in the reset hole 103a-2, one end of the reset spring 105 is connected with the reset pin 104, the other end of the reset spring 105 is connected with the brake shoe 102, and the pretightening force of the reset spring 105 is FY. Under the initial state, the pretightening force of the spring is FYIn action, brake shoes 102 are in a tightened state and are not in contact with brake drum 101, and F1＞FY。
Further, the brake shoe 102 further comprises a friction surface 102b and a connecting hole 102c, wherein the friction surface 102b is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the friction surface 102b is consistent with the diameter of the inner wall of the brake drum 101; the connecting hole 102c is positioned on the inner side of the brake shoe 102, the first connecting rod 203 connects the connecting hole 102c of the first brake shoe A with the first hinged end 201a, and the second connecting rod 204 connects the connecting hole 102c of the second brake shoe B with the second hinged end 202 a; the friction surface 102b is riveted or bonded to the brake shoe 102. The brake drum 101 comprises a limiting end 101a, a first bearing 106 is arranged in the limiting end 101a, one end of the supporting shaft 103 abuts against the limiting end 101a through the first bearing 106, and the supporting shaft 103 is fixed on a vehicle body and does not influence the rotation of the brake drum 101.
Further, the first sleeve 201 comprises a transmission end 201c, a second bearing 107 is arranged between the transmission end 201c and the support shaft 103, and the transmission end 201c is connected with the brake pedal; the transmission end 201c is configured to be non-circular such that transmission from the brake pedal does not rotate relative to the transmission end 201 c. Preferably, the classification unit 200 further includes a limiting plate 205, the brake shoe 102 is disposed between the limiting plate 205 and the support plate 103a, the limiting plate 205 further includes a reset pin hole 205a, one end of the reset pin 104 is fixed in the reset pin hole 205a, and the other end is fixed in the reset hole 103 a-2. The limiting plate 205 prevents the brake shoe 102 from being displaced longitudinally.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the driver is from little grow according to the power of foot on brake pedal, and the hierarchical corresponding braking that carries out the vehicle of braking effect, wherein have three kinds of states:
1. a driver drives a vehicle normally, the vehicle is not braked, at the moment, a brake pedal is not stressed, a piston 302c returns under the force of a return spring 302d, the piston 302c and a sealing ring 304 are positioned between a first hole 303a and a second hole 303b of a pump body 302a, the oil pressure of a working cavity in front of the piston 302c is balanced with an oil storage cavity 303 through the first hole 303a, and F 10, the first shaft sleeve 201 is in a static state, the first connecting rod 203 is in the longest state and has the same length as the second connecting rod 204, the first brake shoe A and the second brake shoe B are both subjected to the pre-tightening force of the return spring 105, and the return spring 105 tightens and contracts the first brake shoe A and the second brake shoe B to keep a safe clearance with the brake drum 101;
2. when a driver needs to brake and decelerate but does not completely brake, the driver lightly steps on a brake pedal, when the brake pedal is stepped on, the piston 302c and the sealing ring 304 are pushed to move, when the piston 302c and the sealing ring 304 exceed the first hole 303a, the oil pressure of a working cavity in front of the piston 302c is sealed, the oil pressure is increased, brake fluid pushes the transmission rod 301 through the oil outlet 302b to push the first shaft sleeve 201 to act, the force applied by the first shaft sleeve 201 is F1When the first sleeve 201 rotates but the rotation range is not larger than the clearance between the second notch 202 and the first hinge end 201a, i.e. the second sleeve 202 does not rotate, the thrust of the first sleeve 201 to the first link rod 203 causes the first brake shoe a to rotate along the mounting hole 103a-1 toward the brake drum 101 because of F1＜FTThe length of the first link 203 is not changed, so that the first brake shoe A has a braking effect, and the second brake shoe B still keeps a gap with the brake drum 101;
3. when a driver needs to brake completely or park the vehicle, the vehicle needs to be stopped, and on the basis of the previous state, when the driver steps on the brake again, the brake fluid in the working cavity is discharged to the oil outlet 302b again to push the transmission rod 301, so that the brake is loosened and stepped rapidly and repeatedly, and the brake fluid at the rear part of the piston 302c is compensated to enter the working cavity, so that the working cavity has more oil outlet and less oil return each time; continued application of force to the brake pedal to F2The first shaft sleeve 201 continues to rotate due to F2＞FTWhen the first link 203 is compressed and the first brake shoe a still keeps abutting against the brake drum 101 for braking, the first hinge end 201a slides to the second surface 202B-2 in the second notch 202B, the second sleeve 202 is forced to start rotating, the second link 204 is forced to apply a pushing force to the second brake shoe B to make the second brake shoe B rotate towards the brake drum 101 along the mounting hole 103a-1 so that the second brake shoe B abuts against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, at this time, the first brake shoe a and the second brake shoe B both rub against the inner wall of the brake drum 101, the braking force is maximized, until the brake pedal is released after the braking requirement is met, and the first brake shoe a and the second brake shoe B are reset under the action of the reset spring 105 and return to the first state.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 11, a second embodiment of the present invention is based on the previous embodiment, and is different from the previous embodiment in that:
the brake unit 100 further comprises a hub 108, the brake drum 101 being coaxially arranged within the hub 108, the hub 108 being connected to the brake drum 101 by bolts.
Specifically, the brake unit 100 comprises a brake drum 101, a brake shoe 102 abutting against the brake drum 101, and a support shaft 103 supporting the brake shoe 102, wherein the brake shoe 102 is divided into a first brake shoe a and a second brake shoe B; the brake drum 101 is a friction coupling of a drum brake, and has a basic shape of a drum, preferably, the brake drum 101 is integrally cast by high-strength gray cast iron or alloy cast iron containing Cr, and the brake shoe 102 is made of malleable cast iron, ductile cast iron, cast steel or cast aluminum alloy; in the present embodiment, the number of the brake shoes 102 is 4, two of which are the first brake shoes a, and the other two of which are the second brake shoes B. When the brake shoe 102 expands outwards from the center of the circle, the brake shoe rubs against the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to achieve the braking effect. The grading unit 200 comprises a first shaft sleeve 201 arranged on the support shaft 103 and a second shaft sleeve 202 arranged coaxially with the first shaft sleeve 201, wherein the first shaft sleeve 201 is connected with a first brake shoe A through a first connecting rod 203, and the second shaft sleeve 202 is connected with a corresponding second brake shoe B through a second connecting rod 204; the first brake shoe A and the second brake shoe B have the same structure; when the first shaft sleeve 201 rotates, the first connecting rod 203 is pushed, the first connecting rod 203 applies force to the first brake shoe A to enable the first brake shoe A to rotate outwards and to be in contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to generate friction, similarly, when the second shaft sleeve 202 rotates, the second connecting rod 204 is pushed, and the second connecting rod 204 applies force to the second brake shoe B to enable the second brake shoe B to rotate outwards and to be in contact with the inner wall of the brake drum 101 to generate friction.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A drum brake device for a truck, characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the brake unit (100) comprises a brake drum (101), brake shoes (102) abutted against the brake drum (101) and a support shaft (103) supporting the brake shoes (102), wherein the brake shoes (102) are divided into a first brake shoe (A) and a second brake shoe (B); the first brake shoe (A) and the second brake shoe (B) are identical in structure;
the grading unit (200) comprises a first shaft sleeve (201) arranged on the supporting shaft (103) and a second shaft sleeve (202) coaxially arranged with the first shaft sleeve (201), the first shaft sleeve (201) is connected with the first brake shoe (A) through a first connecting rod (203), and the second shaft sleeve (202) is connected with the corresponding second brake shoe (B) through a second connecting rod (204);
the transmission unit (300) comprises a transmission rod (301) connected with the first shaft sleeve (201) and a brake pump (302) which is abutted to one end of the transmission rod (301), wherein the brake pump (302) comprises a pump body (302a), an oil outlet (302b) arranged at one end of the pump body (302a), and a piston (302c) positioned in the pump body (302 a).
2. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 1, wherein: the transmission unit (300) further comprises an oil storage cavity (303), the oil storage cavity (303) is arranged on the outer side of the pump body (302a), and the oil storage cavity (303) is communicated with the pump body (302a) through a first hole (303a) and a second hole (303 b); a sealing ring (304) is arranged between the piston (302c) and the pump body (302a), a balance cavity (302c-1) is further arranged between the piston (302c) and the pump body (302a), a compensation hole (302c-2) is formed between the balance cavity (302c-1) and the sealing ring (304), and a return spring (302d) is arranged between the piston (302c) and the oil outlet (302 b);
the brake pump (302) further comprises a return valve (302e), the return valve (302e) being arranged at the oil outlet (302 b).
3. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the support shaft (103) comprises a support plate (103a), and the brake shoes (102) are uniformly arranged on the support plate (103 a); the supporting disc (103a) is circumferentially provided with a mounting hole (103a-1), one end of the brake shoe (102) is provided with a rotating pin (102a), and the brake shoe (102) is mounted in the mounting hole (103a-1) through the rotating pin (102 a).
4. A drum brake device for trucks according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first bushing (201) comprises a first hinged end (201a), a first notch (201b), the second bushing (202) comprises a second hinged end (202a), a second notch (202b), the first hinged end (201a) is embedded in the second notch (202b), the second hinged end (202a) is embedded in the first notch (201b), and the width of the second notch (202b) is greater than the width of the first hinged end (201 a).
5. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 4, wherein: the brake shoe (102) further comprises a friction surface (102b) and a connecting hole (102c), the friction surface (102b) is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the friction surface (102b) is consistent with that of the inner wall of the brake drum (101); the connecting hole (102c) is located on the inner side of the brake shoe (102), the first connecting rod (203) is connected with the connecting hole (102c) of the first brake shoe (A) and the first hinged end (201a), and the second connecting rod (204) is connected with the connecting hole (102c) of the second brake shoe (B) and the second hinged end (202 a).
6. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 5, wherein: the first connecting rod (203) comprises a shell (203a), a sliding shaft (203b) and an elastic piece (203c) positioned between the shell (203a) and the sliding shaft (203b), one end of the elastic piece (203c) is abutted against the shell (203a), and the other end of the elastic piece (203c) is abutted against the sliding shaft (203 b); the first link (203) varies by no more than the length of the second link (204).
7. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 6, wherein: the brake unit (100) further comprises a reset pin (104) and a reset spring (105), the reset pin (104) is arranged in the reset hole (103a-2), one end of the reset spring (105) is connected with the reset pin (104), and the other end of the reset spring is connected with the brake shoe (102).
8. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 7, wherein: the brake drum (101) comprises a limiting end (101a), a first bearing (106) is arranged in the limiting end (101a), and one end of the supporting shaft (103) abuts against the limiting end (101a) through the first bearing (106).
9. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 8, wherein: the first shaft sleeve (201) comprises a transmission end (201c), a second bearing (107) is arranged between the transmission end (201c) and the supporting shaft (103), and the transmission end (201c) is connected with a brake pedal;
the brake unit (100) further comprises a hub (108), the brake drum (101) is located in the hub (108) and is coaxially arranged, and the hub (108) is connected with the brake drum (101) through bolts.
10. The drum brake device for trucks of claim 9, wherein: the grading unit (200) further comprises a limiting disc (205), the brake shoe (102) is arranged between the limiting disc (205) and the supporting disc (103a), the limiting disc (205) further comprises a reset pin hole (205a), one end of the reset pin (104) is fixed in the reset pin hole (205a), and the other end of the reset pin is fixed in the reset hole (103 a-2).
CN202010267376.4A 2020-04-08 2020-04-08 Drum brake device for truck Active CN111396469B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112910168A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-04 绍兴市雪花机电有限公司 Motor with good braking effect
CN114623172A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-06-14 深圳三火电子科技有限公司 Parking brake capable of automatically compensating braking force

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1561905A (en) * 1923-10-08 1925-11-17 Brown Donald Brake
FR635653A (en) * 1926-12-14 1928-03-22 Braking device
US2125971A (en) * 1937-01-12 1938-08-09 Jesse M White Brake
CN109630574A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-04-16 河北百龙汽车配件制造有限公司 It is bonded drum type braking device step by step
CN109681547A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-04-26 河北百龙汽车配件制造有限公司 A kind of high-intensitive brake hub of heavy-duty car

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1561905A (en) * 1923-10-08 1925-11-17 Brown Donald Brake
FR635653A (en) * 1926-12-14 1928-03-22 Braking device
US2125971A (en) * 1937-01-12 1938-08-09 Jesse M White Brake
CN109630574A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-04-16 河北百龙汽车配件制造有限公司 It is bonded drum type braking device step by step
CN109681547A (en) * 2018-12-30 2019-04-26 河北百龙汽车配件制造有限公司 A kind of high-intensitive brake hub of heavy-duty car

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112910168A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-04 绍兴市雪花机电有限公司 Motor with good braking effect
CN114623172A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-06-14 深圳三火电子科技有限公司 Parking brake capable of automatically compensating braking force
CN114623172B (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-02 深圳三火电子科技有限公司 Parking brake capable of automatically compensating braking force

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