CN111396394A

CN111396394A - Locking oil cylinder

Info

Publication number: CN111396394A
Application number: CN202010236870.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵延荣; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2020-07-10

Abstract

The invention discloses: a locking oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, wherein the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with an upper end cover, and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a lower end cover; a piston body is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, and a piston rod extending out of the upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the piston body upwards along the vertical direction; a rodless cavity is formed between the piston body and the lower end cover in the cylinder body, and a rod cavity is formed between the piston body and the upper end cover; the side surface of the lower end cover is provided with an A port communicated with the rodless cavity, and the side surface of the cylinder body is provided with a B port communicated with the rod cavity; a mounting groove communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the lower end cover in the downward direction in the vertical direction, a locking rod extending vertically and upwards is arranged at the center of the bottom of the mounting groove, and a locking block is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the locking rod; the lower end of the piston body is provided with a locking groove, and a locking assembly is arranged in the locking groove; an unlocking assembly is arranged in the lower end cover; the locking oil cylinder is simple in structure, and can automatically lock and unlock the piston body.

Description

Locking oil cylinder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil cylinders, and particularly relates to a locking oil cylinder.

Background

The self-locking hydraulic cylinder has wide requirements in the mechanical field of a plurality of lifting equipment such as metallurgy, coal mine and the like, and the hydraulic cylinder needs to be locked in order to prevent the workpiece from displacing under the action of external force or self weight (the hydraulic cylinder is vertically placed) when the workpiece stops working. When the existing hydraulic lock is kept at a certain position for a long time, the precision often cannot meet the requirement due to the problems of pressure oil leakage and the like, and the precision and the reliability cannot be guaranteed when an oil way fails; the hydraulic lock often all needs a plurality of auxiliary component cooperations such as check valve, switching-over valve to realize the locking return circuit, and the use of these components makes whole device occupation space big, and simultaneously, the oil circuit increases and takes place to leak easily, causes maintenance and use inconvenience.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a locking oil cylinder which is simple in structure and can automatically realize locking and unlocking of a piston body.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a locking oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, wherein the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with an upper end cover, and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a lower end cover; a piston body is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, and a piston rod extending out of the upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the piston body upwards along the vertical direction; a rodless cavity is formed between the piston body and the lower end cover in the cylinder body, and a rod cavity is formed between the piston body and the upper end cover; the side surface of the lower end cover is provided with an A port communicated with the rodless cavity, and the side surface of the cylinder body is provided with a B port communicated with the rod cavity; a mounting groove communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the lower end cover in the downward direction in the vertical direction, a locking rod extending vertically and upwards is arranged at the center of the bottom of the mounting groove, and a locking block is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the locking rod; the lower end of the piston body is provided with a locking groove, and a locking assembly is arranged in the locking groove; when the piston body moves to the lower end, the upper end of the lock rod extends into the lock groove, and the lock assembly locks the lock block; an unlocking assembly is arranged in the lower end cover, and when the piston body needs to move upwards, the unlocking assembly unlocks the locking block.

In a further technical scheme, the locking assembly comprises a square lock tongue and a lock spring, and a square lock hole is formed in the side surface of the mounting groove in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod; the side surface of the square lock tongue is provided with a square shoulder which is connected in the direction hole in a sliding manner; a hollow plug sleeved on the square lock tongue is fixedly arranged at an opening of the square lock hole; the lock spring is positioned in the square lock hole and used for forcing the square shoulder to be tightly pressed on the hollow plug; one end of the square lock tongue extending into the lock groove is provided with a first inclined plane; the upper end of the locking block is provided with a second inclined plane matched with the first inclined plane; when the locking block is locked, the lock tongue is positioned below the locking block.

In a further technical scheme, the unlocking assembly comprises a lock sleeve, the lock sleeve is connected to the outer side of the lock rod in a sliding mode, the lock sleeve is located between the lock block and the bottom of the mounting groove, a convex ring is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the lock sleeve along the radial direction, and the convex ring is connected in the mounting groove in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the lock rod in a sliding mode; a plug sleeved outside the lock sleeve is fixedly installed at an opening at the upper end of the installation groove; a first cavity is formed between the plug and the convex ring in the mounting groove, and a second cavity is formed between the convex ring and the bottom of the mounting groove; the first chamber is communicated with the atmosphere through an air hole formed in the lower end cover; a first spring for forcing the convex ring to move downwards is arranged between the plug and the convex ring in the first chamber; the second chamber is communicated with the port A; when the locking piece is unlocked, the lock sleeve moves upwards to push the square lock tongue into the square lock hole from the lower part of the locking piece.

In a further technical scheme, the upper end of the lock sleeve is provided with a round angle, and the lower end of the lock block is provided with an avoiding groove.

In a further technical scheme, an upper through hole for communicating a rod cavity with the port B is formed in the cylinder body; a lower through hole communicated with the port A is formed in the lower end cover and the lock rod, and a first connecting through hole used for communicating the lock groove with the lower through hole is formed in the lock block; and a second communication hole for communicating the second chamber with the lower through hole is formed in the lower end cover.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

after the piston rod retracts to the right position, the piston body is automatically locked under the action of the locking block and the locking assembly, so that the piston rod is prevented from extending out; when the piston rod extends out, pressure oil is introduced into the port A, so that the unlocking assembly automatically unlocks the locking block; the invention has simple structure, ingenious conception, compact volume and low processing and manufacturing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a piston body of the present invention in a downward motion;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a first bevel contacting a second bevel in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the locking piece of the present invention when locked;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lock of the present invention when unlocked;

fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-5, a locking cylinder includes a cylinder body 1, wherein an upper end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with an upper end cover 3, and a lower end thereof is provided with a lower end cover 4; a piston body 21 is connected in the cylinder body 1 in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, and the upper end of the piston body 21 is upwards provided with a piston rod 2 extending out of the upper end cover 3 along the vertical direction; a rodless cavity 1a is formed between the piston body 21 and the lower end cover 4, and a rod cavity 1b is formed between the piston body 21 and the upper end cover 3 in the cylinder body 1; the side surface of the lower end cover 4 is provided with an A port communicated with the rodless cavity 1a, the side surface of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a B port, and an upper through hole 31 communicated with the rod cavity 1B and the B port is formed in the cylinder body 1; an installation groove 41 communicated with the rodless cavity 1a is formed in the lower end cover 4 in the vertical direction in the downward direction, a locking rod 42 extending vertically and upwards is arranged at the center of the bottom of the installation groove 41, and a locking block 7 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the locking rod 42 in a threaded manner; a locking groove 22 is formed in the lower end of the piston body 21, and a locking assembly is arranged in the locking groove 22; when the piston body 21 moves to the lower end, the upper end of the lock rod 42 extends into the lock groove 22, and the lock block 7 is locked by the locking assembly; an unlocking assembly is arranged in the lower end cover 4, and when the piston body 21 needs to move upwards, the unlocking assembly unlocks the locking block 7.

The locking assembly comprises a square bolt 5 and a lock spring 6, and a square lock hole 23 is formed in the side face of the mounting groove 41 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod 2; the side surface of the square bolt 5 is provided with a square shoulder 52 which is connected in the direction hole in a sliding way; a hollow plug 53 sleeved on the square bolt 5 is fixedly arranged at the opening of the square lock hole 23; the lock spring 6 is positioned in the square lock hole 23 and used for forcing the square shoulder 52 to be tightly pressed on the hollow plug 53; a first inclined plane 51 is arranged at one end of the square bolt 5 extending into the lock groove 22; the upper end of the locking block 7 is provided with a second inclined surface 71 matched with the first inclined surface 51; when the locking block 7 is locked, the bolt is positioned below the locking block 7.

The unlocking assembly comprises a lock sleeve 8, the lock sleeve 8 is connected to the outer side of the lock rod 42 in a sliding mode, the lock sleeve 8 is located between the lock block 7 and the bottom of the mounting groove 41, a convex ring 82 is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the lock sleeve 8 in the radial direction, and the convex ring 82 is connected in the mounting groove 41 in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the lock rod 42 in a sliding mode; a plug 83 sleeved outside the lock sleeve 8 is fixedly arranged at an opening at the upper end of the mounting groove 41; a first chamber 41a is formed between the plug 83 and the convex ring 82 in the mounting groove 41, and a second chamber 41b is formed between the convex ring 82 and the bottom of the mounting groove 41; the first chamber 41a is communicated with the atmosphere through an air hole 43 arranged in the lower end cover 4; a first spring 9 for forcing the convex ring 82 to move downwards is arranged between the plug 83 and the convex ring 82 in the first chamber 41 a; the second chamber 41b communicates with port a; when the locking block 7 is unlocked, the lock sleeve 8 moves upwards to push the square bolt 5 into the square locking hole 23 from the lower part of the locking block 7. The upper end of lock sleeve 8 is equipped with fillet 81, the lower extreme of locking piece 7 is equipped with dodges groove 72. A lower through hole 44 communicated with the port A is formed in the lower end cover 4 and the lock rod 42, and a first communication hole 76 used for communicating the lock groove 22 with the lower through hole 44 is formed in the lock block 7; the lower end cover 4 is provided with a second communication hole 45 for communicating the second chamber 41b with the lower through hole 44.

According to the invention, before the operation, an opening A and an opening B of the oil cylinder are connected into a pipeline, as shown in figure 1, pressure oil is introduced into the opening B, the opening A returns oil, at the moment, the convex ring 82 is positioned at the bottom of the mounting groove 41 under the action of the first spring 9, the piston body 21 drives the piston rod 2 to vertically move downwards, and oil in the rodless cavity 1a flows out of the opening A through the first connecting hole 76 and the lower through hole 44; when the piston body 21 moves to the position shown in fig. 2, the first inclined surface 51 contacts with the second inclined surface 71, and as the piston body 21 moves downwards continuously, the square bolt moves towards the square lock hole 23 and compresses the lock spring 6 under the action of the first inclined surface 51 and the second inclined surface 71, when the piston body 21 moves to the position shown in fig. 3, the square bolt 5 extends out under the action of the lock spring 6 and is located below the lock block 7, and the piston body 21 realizes automatic locking under the action of the square bolt 5 and the lock block 7.

When the piston rod 2 needs to extend to work, pressure oil is introduced into the port A, oil is returned from the port B, the pressure oil entering the lower through hole 44 from the port A is divided into two paths, one path enters the locking groove 22 through the first communicating hole 76 and acts on the lower end of the piston body 21, the other path enters the second chamber 41B through the second communicating hole 45 to push the convex ring 82 to move upwards, and air in the first chamber 41a is exhausted to the atmosphere through the air hole 43; when the convex ring 82 moves upwards, the lock sleeve 8 is driven to move upwards, the round angle 81 at the upper end of the lock sleeve 8 acts on the first inclined plane 51 to push the square bolt 5 to move towards the square lock hole 23 and compress the lock spring 6 until the upper end of the lock sleeve 8 extends into the avoiding groove 72, as shown in fig. 4, at the moment, the square bolt 5 leaves the lower end of the lock block 7, and the piston body 21 upwards drives the piston rod 2 to extend out, so that the automatic unlocking of the piston body 21 is realized.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, wherein the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with an upper end cover, and the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a lower end cover; a piston body is connected in the cylinder body in a sliding manner along the vertical direction, and a piston rod extending out of the upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the piston body upwards along the vertical direction; a rodless cavity is formed between the piston body and the lower end cover in the cylinder body, and a rod cavity is formed between the piston body and the upper end cover; the side surface of the lower end cover is provided with an A port communicated with the rodless cavity, and the side surface of the cylinder body is provided with a B port communicated with the rod cavity; the lower end cover is internally and downwards provided with a mounting groove communicated with the rodless cavity along the vertical direction, the center of the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a locking rod extending vertically and upwards, and the upper end of the locking rod is fixedly provided with a locking block; the lower end of the piston body is provided with a locking groove, and a locking assembly is arranged in the locking groove; when the piston body moves to the lower end, the upper end of the lock rod extends into the lock groove, and the lock assembly locks the lock block; an unlocking assembly is arranged in the lower end cover, and when the piston body needs to move upwards, the unlocking assembly unlocks the locking block.

2. The locking cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the locking assembly comprises a square lock tongue and a lock spring, and a square lock hole is formed in the side surface of the mounting groove in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod; the side surface of the square lock tongue is provided with a square shoulder which is connected in the direction hole in a sliding manner; a hollow plug sleeved on the square lock tongue is fixedly arranged at an opening of the square lock hole; the lock spring is positioned in the square lock hole and used for forcing the square shoulder to be tightly pressed on the hollow plug; one end of the square lock tongue extending into the lock groove is provided with a first inclined plane; the upper end of the locking block is provided with a second inclined plane matched with the first inclined plane; when the locking block is locked, the lock tongue is positioned below the locking block.

3. The locking cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the unlocking assembly comprises a lock sleeve, the lock sleeve is slidably connected to the outer side of the lock rod, the lock sleeve is located between the lock block and the bottom of the mounting groove, a convex ring is radially arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the lock sleeve, and the convex ring is slidably connected in the mounting groove along the axial direction of the lock rod; a plug sleeved outside the lock sleeve is fixedly installed at an opening at the upper end of the installation groove; a first cavity is formed between the plug and the convex ring in the mounting groove, and a second cavity is formed between the convex ring and the bottom of the mounting groove; the first chamber is communicated with the atmosphere through an air hole formed in the lower end cover; a first spring for forcing the convex ring to move downwards is arranged between the plug and the convex ring in the first chamber; the second chamber is communicated with the port A; when the locking piece is unlocked, the lock sleeve moves upwards to push the square lock tongue into the square lock hole from the lower part of the locking piece.

4. The locking cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the locking sleeve is provided with a round angle, and the lower end of the locking block is provided with an avoiding groove.

5. The locking cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that an upper through hole for communicating the rod cavity and the port B is formed in the cylinder body; a lower through hole communicated with the port A is formed in the lower end cover and the lock rod, and a first connecting through hole used for communicating the lock groove with the lower through hole is formed in the lock block; and a second communication hole for communicating the second chamber with the lower through hole is formed in the lower end cover.