CN111395992A - Leakage stopping method - Google Patents
Leakage stopping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111395992A CN111395992A CN202010228735.5A CN202010228735A CN111395992A CN 111395992 A CN111395992 A CN 111395992A CN 202010228735 A CN202010228735 A CN 202010228735A CN 111395992 A CN111395992 A CN 111395992A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plugging method, which is applied to a medium-deep-layer geothermal well and comprises the steps of removing soil in a seepage area of the medium-deep-layer geothermal well, adding backfill soil and tamping to form a backfill soil layer; drilling holes at the leakage points of the leakage area to form at least one grouting hole and at least one exhaust hole; inserting a grouting pipeline into at least one grouting hole so as to inject the plugging material below the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipeline; plugging at least one vent hole, and injecting plugging materials below the backfill soil layer again; standing for a preset time to finish the plugging of the heat well of the middle-deep stratum. The invention adopts a low-pressure method to inject the plugging material, has simple operation, can effectively ensure the safety of operating personnel in the plugging process, and can more effectively plug the leaking point by injecting the plugging material twice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plugging materials, in particular to a plugging method.
Background
The medium-deep stratum heat utilization technology is a clean heat supply technology developed under the large background of energy reformation and ecological protection in China in recent years, and the principle of the technology is that a drilling machine is used for drilling a hole in the medium-deep stratum with the depth of 2000-3000 meters underground, a sealed metal heat exchanger is installed in the drilled hole, the medium-deep stratum heat energy with the temperature of 70-120 ℃ in the underground depth is subjected to interference-free conversion of heat taking without water taking through the conduction of the heat exchanger, and a special equipment system is used for supplying heat to a ground building. The technology has the characteristics of continuous and stable heat extraction, quick ground temperature recovery and low environmental influence, and becomes a globally recognized clean energy with high application value and utilization potential.
Lost circulation is one of the most common and frequently encountered complex problems in drilling operations and well operations. In practical application, a deep well needs to be drilled underground in the middle-deep layer geothermal heat supply technology, and when underground pressure-bearing water is encountered in the deep well, the pressure-bearing water returns upwards along a gap between the metal heat exchanger and a well wall in construction and later use, so that the problems of water leakage in the well, low heat exchange efficiency, service life damage of the metal heat exchanger and the like are caused. When the underground confined water returns upwards and leaks in the middle-deep geothermal well, the position and the structure of the confined water stratum are difficult to accurately master, and a mature oil well bridge plug plugging method is difficult to adopt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plugging method, which is convenient to select and use common cement slurry as a material, simple and safe to operate by adopting a low-pressure method for pouring in construction, and can quickly and conveniently solve the problem of water leakage and water return in a middle-deep geothermal well.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a plugging method applied to a medium-deep stratum geothermal well, comprising the following steps:
removing soil in the hot well seepage area of the middle-deep stratum rocks, and adding backfill soil for tamping to form a backfill soil layer;
drilling holes at the leakage points of the leakage area to form at least one grouting hole and at least one exhaust hole;
inserting a grouting pipeline into the at least one grouting hole so as to inject plugging materials below the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipeline;
plugging the at least one vent hole, and injecting the plugging material below the backfill soil layer again;
and standing for a preset time to finish the plugging of the heat well of the middle-deep stratum.
Furthermore, the backfill soil comprises lime and soil in a preset proportion, the backfill soil layers are multiple layers, and the thickness of each layer of the backfill soil layer is smaller than or equal to the preset thickness.
Furthermore, the length of the grouting pipeline is larger than the thickness of the backfill soil layer, and at least one opening is formed in one end, extending into the lower portion of the backfill soil layer, of the grouting pipeline.
Further, the step of inserting a grouting pipe into the at least one grouting hole, and injecting plugging materials into the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipe comprises the following steps:
starting a pressurizing device to enable the pressure of the leaking stoppage material to reach a first preset grouting pressure;
and when the plugging material flows out through the at least one vent hole, closing the pressurizing device and stopping injecting the plugging material.
Further, the step of plugging the at least one vent hole and injecting the plugging material below the backfill soil layer again comprises the following steps:
plugging the at least one exhaust hole by using a plugging device;
opening the pressurizing device to enable the pressure for injecting the plugging material to exceed a second preset grouting pressure;
and when the change value of the pressure for injecting the plugging material reaches a preset change value, closing the pressurizing device and stopping injecting the plugging material.
Further, the standing for a preset time to finish the step of plugging the heat well of the middle-deep-layer geological rock comprises the following steps:
when the water outlet temperature of the medium-deep-layer geothermal well is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is more than or equal to a first preset time;
and when the water outlet temperature of the medium-deep stratum heat well is higher than a first preset temperature and lower than or equal to a second preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is longer than or equal to a second preset time.
Further, the plugging material comprises base slurry formed by mixing cement and water, an accelerator and a waterproof agent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. By means of the technical scheme, the leakage stopping method can achieve considerable technical progress and practicability, has wide industrial utilization value and at least has the following advantages:
(1) by adopting the ordinary portland cement, the material is convenient to select, and the preparation cost of the plugging material is effectively reduced.
(2) The injection of the plugging material is carried out by adopting a low-pressure method, the operation is simple, and the safety of operating personnel can be effectively ensured in the plugging process.
(3) And the leakage point can be more effectively blocked by injecting the plugging material twice.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of plugging in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of the thermal well for middle-deep-layer formation for plugging according to an embodiment of the invention.
[ notation ] to show
1: observation well
2: water supply pipe
3: water return pipe
4: backfill soil layer
5: exhaust drain hole
6: geothermal well
7: outer sleeve
8: inner sleeve
9: grouting hole
10: grouting steel pipe
11: grout outlet
12: pressure device
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description will be given to a specific embodiment of a plugging method and its effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a plugging method, which is applied to a heat well of a middle-deep stratum rock and comprises the following steps:
and S102, removing soil in the hot well seepage area of the middle-deep stratum, and adding backfill soil for tamping to form a backfill soil layer.
Specifically, the leakage area refers to an area which is soaked by leaked water within a preset radius with a middle-deep-layer geothermal well as a center according to the amount of the leaked water. The larger the amount of water leakage, the larger the radius.
After removing the soil soaked by the leaked water in the leakage area, adding backfill soil in the leakage area after removing the soil and tamping. The backfill soil is formed by mixing lime and soil according to a preset proportion so as to ensure the tamping firmness of the backfill soil. The predetermined ratio is the weight ratio of lime to soil. Preferably the predetermined ratio is 3:7, i.e. three parts of lime are mixed with seven parts of soil.
In order to further ensure the firmness and the sealing property of the backfill soil layer, the backfill soil layer is in multiple layers, namely, the backfill soil is tamped in layers, and the thickness of each layer of the backfill soil layer is smaller than or equal to the preset thickness. Preferably, the predetermined thickness is 250 mm.
And step S104, drilling holes at the leakage points of the leakage area to form at least one grouting hole and at least one exhaust hole.
Specifically, when the middle-deep-layer geothermal well leaks, a plurality of water leaking channels are formed around the middle-deep-layer geothermal well, the positions of the water leaking channels are leakage points, holes are drilled at the positions of the leakage points, at least one of the formed holes is used as a grouting hole, and the rest holes are used as exhaust holes. Preferably, the opening is not less than three, one of the openings is used as a grouting hole, and the rest of the openings are used as exhaust holes. In order to facilitate the smooth injection of the plugging material, the diameter of the opening is not less than 50 mm.
And S106, inserting a grouting pipeline into at least one grouting hole so as to inject the plugging material below the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipeline.
Specifically, in order to smoothly inject the plugging material below the backfill layer, a grouting pipe is inserted into the grouting hole, and the grouting pipe is inserted below the backfill layer. The diameter of the grouting pipeline is matched with that of the grouting hole, namely the outer diameter of the grouting pipeline is equal to that of the grouting hole, or the outer diameter of the grouting pipeline is slightly larger than that of the grouting hole.
In order to prevent the problem that the grouting pipeline is broken due to excessive pressure in the grouting process, the grouting pipeline is preferably a steel pipe.
In order to prevent the grouting pipeline from being inserted into the grouting hole, the opening of the grouting pipeline extending into the lower part of the backfill soil layer is blocked by soil, and at least one opening is formed in one end of the grouting pipeline extending into the lower part of the backfill soil layer, so that the plugging material can flow out through the at least one opening. Preferably, the diameter of the opening is not less than 20mm, and the plurality of openings are distributed in a plum blossom shape.
After the grouting pipe is inserted, the plugging material is introduced into one end of the grouting pipe so that the plugging material can flow into the soil below the backfill soil layer. In order to enable the plugging materials to smoothly enter the soil below the backfill soil layer, the grouting is pressurized through a pressurizing device. It is known that if excessive pressure is suddenly applied during the grouting process, the plugging material may not penetrate well into the soil and be ejected through the vent holes. Therefore, the pressurizing device needs to be controlled to slowly pressurize, and the pressurizing is stopped when the pressurizing reaches the first preset grouting pressure. And then the first preset grouting pressure is adopted to pressurize grouting. When the injected plugging material flows out through the vent hole, which indicates that the plugging material cannot penetrate into the soil, the pressurizing device is closed and the injection of the plugging material is stopped. Preferably, the first predetermined grouting pressure is 0.2mpa, and the pressurizing device is an air machine.
The plugging material can be base slurry formed by mixing cement and water, and a waterproof agent and an accelerating agent are added into the base slurry. So as to improve the waterproof effect of the plugging material and improve the solidification speed of the plugging material. The waterproof agent and the accelerator can be common materials, and are not described in detail herein.
And step S108, plugging at least one vent hole, and injecting a plugging material below the backfill soil layer again.
In particular, more plugging materials can be injected into the soil below the backfill soil layer, so that the plugging effect is ensured. And all the vent holes are plugged to ensure the tightness and prevent the leakage stoppage material from flowing out. The exhaust hole can be plugged through a prepared steel cone, and a balancing weight is further arranged below the cone to ensure the plugging effect. Meanwhile, materials such as adhesive tapes or hot melt adhesives can be used for sealing the contact position of the cone and the backfill soil layer.
And after plugging of the exhaust holes is completed, grouting is performed below the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipeline again, the pressurizing device is started, the grouting pressure slowly adjusted to be higher than the second preset grouting pressure through the pressurizing device, and the grouting pressure is continuously increased until the change value of the pressure for injecting the plugging material reaches the preset change value, which indicates that the plugging material cannot permeate into the soil. At this point, the pressurizing device is closed and the injection of lost circulation material is stopped.
The preset variation may be 0 or a small variation, i.e., the pressure for injecting the plugging material does not increase or increases very slowly.
And step S110, standing for a preset time to finish plugging of the heat well of the middle-deep stratum rock.
Specifically, after stopping injecting the plugging material, standing for a preset time, and completing plugging after completing standing.
The setting time of the plugging material is different according to the different water outlet temperatures of the medium-deep-layer geothermal wells, so that the corresponding standing time is set according to the water outlet temperature of the medium-deep-layer geothermal wells.
When the temperature of the effluent of the medium-deep stratum geothermal well is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is more than or equal to the first preset time;
when the temperature of the outlet water of the medium-deep stratum geothermal well is higher than a first preset temperature and lower than or equal to a second preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is longer than or equal to the second preset time.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of the thermal well for middle-deep-layer formation for plugging according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in figure 2, a heat exchange part is arranged in the heat well 6 of the middle-deep layer of the geological rock and used for taking out underground heat energy, the heat exchange part comprises an outer sleeve 7 and an inner sleeve 8, wherein the outer sleeve 7 is connected with the water return pipe 3, and the inner sleeve 8 is connected with the water supply pipe 2. After the construction and installation of the middle and deep layer geothermal well 6 and the underground heat exchanger are finished, water leakage is generated around the outer sleeve 7 and the geothermal well 6 due to the action of underground confined water, and potential safety hazards are brought to the operation of the geothermal well 6.
After the hot well 6 of the geological formation leaks water, the plugging is carried out by the following steps:
firstly, preparing a specific plugging material according to water leakage amount, wherein the plugging material is mainly made of common cement, and an appropriate amount of an accelerator and a waterproof agent are added according to the temperature condition.
Step two, taking the hot well 6 of the geological formation as a center, digging soil downwards within the range of at least two meters of radius, digging out all soil or mud soaked by water, then adopting lime and soil with the ratio of 3:7 (namely a preset proportion) to mix into backfill soil, tamping and backfilling in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 250mm (namely a preset thickness), and backfilling until the ground plane of the hot well of the geological formation to form a layered backfill soil layer 4;
and step three, drilling downwards at positions (namely leakage points) where water outlet channels are possibly formed around the hot-well 6 of the geological rock, wherein the positions of the holes are not less than three (two holes are shown in the figure), the diameter of each hole is not less than 50mm, one hole is a grouting hole 9, and the rest holes are used for exhaust and drainage holes 5 (namely exhaust holes) during grouting, so that the injected plugging material is guaranteed to be compact.
And step four, selecting a grouting steel pipe 10 (namely a grouting pipeline) with the diameter matched with that of the grouting hole 9, wherein the length of the grouting steel pipe is not less than the depth of the backfill soil layer 4, and in order to prevent the bottom of the grouting steel pipe 10 from being blocked by soil and then grouting, a grout outlet hole 11 (namely an opening) with the diameter not less than 20mm is formed in the side wall of the tail end of the grouting steel pipe 10, and the grouting steel pipe is arranged in a quincunx shape.
And step five, pouring the prepared plugging material into a grouting steel pipe 10, wherein one end of the grouting steel pipe 10 is connected with a pressurizing device 12, and the other end of the grouting steel pipe extends into the soil at the lower part around the hot well 6 of the geological rock through a grouting hole 9.
And step six, when grouting is started, slowly opening a control valve of the pressurizing device 12, stopping pressurizing when the pressure reaches 0.2MPa (namely the first preset grouting pressure), allowing the plugging material to enter the position below the backfill soil layer 4 through the grouting holes 9, allowing water and air around the hot-water well 6 to be discharged through the exhaust and drainage holes 5 along with the inflow of the plugging material until the plugging material flows out of the exhaust and drainage holes 5, closing the control valve of the pressurizing device 12, and stopping injecting the plugging material.
And step seven, plugging all the exhaust drain holes 5 by using a prepared steel cone, placing a balancing weight above the steel cone, simultaneously winding the position, in which the grouting steel pipe 10 is contacted with the backfill soil layer 4, by using an adhesive tape to enable the grouting steel pipe to be tightly contacted, then re-injecting plugging materials into the grouting steel pipe 10, opening a control valve of a pressurizing device 12 to perform secondary pressurizing grouting, slowly adjusting the pressure to be more than 2Mpa (namely second preset grouting pressure), closing the valve after the pressure is stabilized, and finishing the grouting.
And step eight, if the outlet water temperature of the underground confined water (namely the outlet water temperature of the medium-deep-layer geothermal heat well) is less than or equal to 50 ℃ (namely the first preset temperature), standing for not less than 8h (namely the first preset time) after the plugging material is injected, if the outlet water temperature of the underground confined water is 50-80 ℃ (namely the second preset temperature), standing for not less than 4h (namely the second preset time), and reserving one exhaust drain hole 5 for observation, and sealing the grouting hole 9 and the rest exhaust drain holes 5.
In the operation, the inspection well 1 has good illumination and air circulation, and the side wall of the inspection well 1 is firm and firm to ensure the construction safety.
According to the actual plugging construction requirement, the depth of the backfill soil layer 4 is determined by the water leakage amount and the soil quality around the geological hot well 6, and the number of the grouting holes 9 and the water and air discharging holes 5 can be determined according to the injection amount and the water discharging amount of the plugging material, but is not limited to the above number.
According to the leakage stopping method disclosed by the invention, the common cement is added with the accelerator and the waterproof agent to prepare the leakage stopping material, the leakage stopping material is poured around the geothermal well by adopting a low-pressure pouring method, the leakage stopping material is ensured to be quickly condensed after being pumped into the gap of the underground water leakage bottom layer, and after standing for a certain time according to different formation temperatures, the leakage stopping material is in a compact and completely solidified state underground, so that the pressure of underground pressure-bearing water can be offset, and the leakage of the underground pressure-bearing water around the geothermal well can be prevented from returning upwards.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A plugging method is characterized by being applied to a heat well of a middle-deep stratum, and comprises the following steps:
removing soil in the hot well seepage area of the middle-deep stratum rocks, and adding backfill soil for tamping to form a backfill soil layer;
drilling holes at the leakage points of the leakage area to form at least one grouting hole and at least one exhaust hole;
inserting a grouting pipeline into the at least one grouting hole so as to inject plugging materials below the backfill soil layer through the grouting pipeline;
plugging the at least one vent hole, and injecting the plugging material below the backfill soil layer again;
and standing for a preset time to finish the plugging of the heat well of the middle-deep stratum.
2. A method of plugging according to claim 1 wherein said backfill comprises lime and soil in a predetermined ratio, and
the backfill soil layer is multilayer, and the thickness of each backfill soil layer is smaller than or equal to the preset thickness.
3. A method of plugging according to claim 1 wherein the length of the grouting pipe is greater than the thickness of the backfill layer, and
and at least one opening is formed in one end, extending into the lower part of the backfill soil layer, of the grouting pipeline.
4. The method of plugging according to claim 1, wherein said step of inserting a grouting pipe into said at least one grouting hole, and injecting plugging material through said grouting pipe below said backfill layer comprises:
starting a pressurizing device to enable the pressure of the leaking stoppage material to reach a first preset grouting pressure;
and when the plugging material flows out through the at least one vent hole, closing the pressurizing device and stopping injecting the plugging material.
5. A method of plugging according to claim 4 wherein said step of plugging said at least one vent hole and reinjecting said plugging material below said backfill comprises:
plugging the at least one exhaust hole by using a plugging device;
opening the pressurizing device to enable the pressure for injecting the plugging material to exceed a second preset grouting pressure;
and when the change value of the pressure for injecting the plugging material reaches a preset change value, closing the pressurizing device and stopping injecting the plugging material.
6. The method for plugging a thermal well of a middle-deep stratum according to claim 1, wherein the step of standing for a preset time to complete plugging of the thermal well of the middle-deep stratum comprises the following steps:
when the water outlet temperature of the medium-deep-layer geothermal well is less than or equal to a first preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is more than or equal to a first preset time;
and when the water outlet temperature of the medium-deep stratum heat well is higher than a first preset temperature and lower than or equal to a second preset temperature, after the plugging material is injected, the preset time is longer than or equal to a second preset time.
7. A method according to claim 1, wherein the plugging material comprises a base slurry of cement and water mixed together, an accelerator and a water repellent.
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CN202010228735.5A CN111395992A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Leakage stopping method |
PCT/CN2020/133205 WO2021189932A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-12-02 | Plugging method |
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WO2021189932A1 (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | 甘肃省建材科研设计院有限责任公司 | Plugging method |
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CN115233742B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2023-11-03 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Deep-middle-shallow multiple composite seepage-proofing and leakage-stopping construction method |
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