CN111385008A - Beamforming method, base station and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents

Beamforming method, base station and computer readable storage medium Download PDF

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CN111385008A
CN111385008A CN201811640870.XA CN201811640870A CN111385008A CN 111385008 A CN111385008 A CN 111385008A CN 201811640870 A CN201811640870 A CN 201811640870A CN 111385008 A CN111385008 A CN 111385008A
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transmission
transmission matrix
matrix
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beamforming
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CN111385008B (en
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李增
艾星星
白宁波
刘源
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of communication, and discloses a beamforming method, a base station and a computer readable storage medium. The method for beamforming in the invention is applied to a base station, and comprises the following steps: under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix within the binding range of the resource block; determining an initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to each second transmission matrix, wherein the second transmission matrix is the compensated first transmission matrix; and taking any one second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, and correcting the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices so as to enable the first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight to be equal to the reference equivalent channel. According to the embodiment, in the binding range of the resource block, when the shaping is carried out by adopting a plurality of weights, the shaping precision can be improved, the continuity of the equivalent channel of the UE on the frequency domain can be ensured, the accuracy of channel estimation is improved, and the throughput rate of the cell is improved.

Description

Beamforming method, base station and computer readable storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a beamforming method, a base station, and a computer-readable storage medium.
Background
Beamforming or Precoding is one of the main techniques of LTE and 5G, and can effectively improve the received power of users and implement space division multiplexing of multiple users. In the TDD transmission mode, a transmission matrix of a channel is usually measured by a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and a corresponding beamforming weight is calculated. The weight calculation granularity is in units of Resource Blocks (RBs), and between consecutive RBs, due to different RBs, a weight calculated by an SRS is discontinuous in a frequency domain, so that an equivalent channel of a User Equipment (UE) (i.e., a channel observed on the UE side after weight forming is adopted by a base station side) is also discontinuous between RBs, which affects performance of channel estimation of the UE.
To solve this problem, in the 5G communication protocol, a granularity of resource block bundling of a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) is specified, for example, the PDSCH specifies 3 types of PRB bundling granularities: 2RB, 4RB and full bandwidth (wideband). The PDCCH specifies the PRB bundling granularity in 3: 2RB, 3RB, 6 RB. After the granularity of PRB bundling is specified, the UE may assume that the base station uses the same beamforming weight on all frequency domain subcarriers within the granularity of PRB bundling, and perform channel estimation according to the size of the granularity of PRB bundling. The same forming weight is adopted in the PRB binding granularity, so that the continuity of the UE equivalent channel in the PRB binding granularity can be ensured, and the accuracy of the channel estimation is improved.
The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: in the PRB binding range, under the condition that the channel frequency selection change speed is high or a plurality of UEs are subjected to space division multiplexing, the beamforming granularity of 2RB or more can lead to inaccuracy of the beamforming weight and cause beamforming inaccuracy so as to cause the decrease of the beamforming performance, and under the condition that the plurality of UEs are subjected to space division multiplexing, the beamforming inaccuracy can lead to the aggravation of the mutual interference among the UEs and the influence on the throughput rate of a communication cell. In addition, in the PRB binding range, different RBs adopt different shaping weights, which can improve the shaping accuracy, but can cause the discontinuity of the equivalent channel of the UE in the PRB binding range, affect the estimation of the UE downlink reception, further reduce the traffic, and reduce the throughput of the cell.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a beamforming method, a base station, and a computer-readable storage medium, so that continuity of an equivalent channel of a UE in a frequency domain is ensured within a resource block binding range, accuracy of channel estimation is improved, and meanwhile, accuracy of beamforming is improved, thereby improving throughput of a cell.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a beamforming method, which is applied to a base station, and includes: under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix within the binding range of the resource block, wherein the first transmission matrix is determined according to the number of antennas of a base station and the number of antennas of space division multiplexing user equipment; determining an initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to each second transmission matrix, wherein the second transmission matrix is the compensated first transmission matrix; and taking any one second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, and correcting the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices to enable a first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight to be equal to a reference equivalent channel, wherein the reference equivalent channel is determined according to the weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including: the method comprises the following steps: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the beamforming method.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the beamforming method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention takes any one determined second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, corrects the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices, further enables equivalent channels calculated according to the weight corresponding to each second transmission matrix to be equal to the reference equivalent channel, enables the continuity of the equivalent channel of the UE on a frequency domain to be kept in a PRB binding range, and simultaneously adopts the shaping granularity smaller than the PRB binding range, can improve the shaping precision, can obtain good shaping effect under the condition of high frequency selection change speed of the channel, and can effectively reduce the mutual interference among a plurality of users under the condition of multi-user space division multiplexing; before the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrixes are corrected, phase compensation is carried out on each first transmission matrix, so that large phase difference between different transmission matrixes caused by uplink time offset can be eliminated, when a forming weight smaller than PRB binding granularity is adopted, phase jump caused by time offset cannot be introduced into an equivalent channel of UE, the continuity of the equivalent channel is ensured, the accuracy of channel estimation of a UE side can be improved, and the throughput rate of a cell is improved.
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One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a detailed flowchart of a beamforming method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a detailed flowchart of a beamforming method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of a base station according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
A first embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of beamforming. The method for beam forming is applied to a base station with an antenna array, and the base station usually carries out beam forming on user equipment according to a transmission matrix of the channel and a weight value corresponding to the transmission matrix. The specific flow of the beamforming method is shown in fig. 1.
Step 101: and under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix within the binding range of the resource block, wherein the first transmission matrix is determined according to the number of antennas of the base station and the number of antennas of the space division multiplexing user equipment.
Specifically, the resource block bundling (PRB bundling) range may be set according to the specification in the 5G protocol, such as using 2RB, 4RB, and the like. And after the resource binding range is determined, determining the number of the weights required to be calculated currently and the number of the corresponding first transmission matrixes in the resource binding range. After the number of the weights and the number of the first transmission matrices are determined, each first transmission matrix may be obtained, for example, the first transmission matrix may be calculated in an SRS manner, or the first transmission matrix may be calculated in other manners.
It should be noted that the first transmission matrix is determined according to the number of antennas of the base station and the number of antennas of the user equipment for space division multiplexing, for example, there are N UEs performing downlink space division multiplexing, and the number of antennas of each UE is denoted as: n is a radical ofUEThe number of antennas of the base station is denoted by NBSIf K first transmission matrixes and K weights are determined, K is more than or equal to 1, and the Kth first transmission matrix of the nth UE is recorded as:
Figure BDA0001931093420000031
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001931093420000041
is NUE×NBSOf the matrix of (a).
Because the base station cannot guarantee the complete uplink synchronization, the SRS has a certain time offset, and the time offsets of the uplink and downlink channels are not reciprocal, the first transmission matrix and the weight calculated according to the SRS with the time offset are inaccurate, and further the calculated beamforming brings the time offset of the uplink channel into the downlink equivalent channel, and the equivalent channel of the UE is also discontinuous in the PRB binding range. Therefore, the phase compensation is carried out on each acquired first transmission matrix, the influence of time offset can be reduced, and the performance is improved.
There are various ways to perform phase compensation on each first transmission matrix, and a phase compensation method is described as follows:
in one specific implementation, a reference phase matrix is determined according to any number of first transmission matrices; determining the phase difference of each antenna in the base station according to the reference phase matrix; determining a phase compensation value corresponding to each user equipment according to the phase difference of each antenna; and compensating the element of the corresponding user equipment in each first transmission matrix according to the phase compensation value.
Specifically, the number of rows in the first transmission matrix represents the number of antennas of the space division multiplexing user equipment, and the number of columns represents the number of base station antennas; any number of first transmission matrices may be used as the reference phase matrix. Taking the reference phase matrix as a reference of the phase, thereby calculating the phase difference of each antenna of the base station, for example, obtaining the phase difference to be compensated of each antenna of the base station by adopting the mode of formula (1)
Figure BDA0001931093420000042
Figure BDA0001931093420000043
WhereinAngle (-) denotes taking the phase function, conj (-) denotes taking the conjugate function,. denotes dot multiplication between matrices, HKRepresenting the phase compensated first transmission matrix,
Figure BDA0001931093420000044
the number of antennas per UE is noted as: n is a radical ofUEThe number of antennas of the base station is denoted by NBSIn formula (1), for simplifying calculation, the reference transmission matrix is the 1 st first transmission matrix, which is denoted as H1。
Since the first transmission matrix is a two-dimensional matrix between the number of UE antennas and the number of base station antennas, in order to facilitate phase compensation of the first transmission matrix without destroying the characteristics of the first transmission matrix, phase compensation of the transmission matrix corresponding to each UE antenna may be considered, that is, N needs to be calculatedUE× 1 phase compensation values, the phase compensation vector for each UE antenna can be calculated, for example, in an averaging manner
Figure BDA0001931093420000045
As in equation (2);
Figure BDA0001931093420000046
after the phase compensation vector is obtained, the phase compensation can be respectively carried out on the first transmission matrixes except the reference phase matrix, and a first transmission matrix H after the phase compensation is obtainedK，
Figure BDA0001931093420000047
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001931093420000048
step 102: and determining an initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to each second transmission matrix, wherein the second transmission matrix is the compensated first transmission matrix.
Specifically, the compensated first transmission matrix is used as the second transmission matrix,and calculating the initial weight corresponding to each second transmission matrix and the equivalent channel corresponding to the second transmission matrix according to a forming weight algorithm. The shaped weight algorithm may be Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm, Block Diagonalization (BD) algorithm, etc. And calculating the equivalent channel corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to the initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix, namely multiplying the second transmission matrix by the corresponding initial weight value to obtain the equivalent channel corresponding to the second transmission matrix. It is understood that the initial weight is N in this embodimentBS×NUEIs used for the two-dimensional matrix of (1).
The initial weight value calculated according to the selected weight value calculation method is recorded as
Figure BDA0001931093420000051
And is
Figure BDA0001931093420000052
The equivalent channel corresponding to the initial weight is marked as Hek,n，
Figure BDA0001931093420000053
The following describes the process of calculating the corresponding weight and equivalent channel according to the SVD algorithm and according to the BD algorithm, respectively.
The first method is as follows: using SVD algorithm
Suppose a second transmission matrix is denoted as HkFirstly to HkCarrying out SVD decomposition:
Figure BDA0001931093420000054
wherein HkIs NUEThen, then
Figure BDA0001931093420000055
From the front NUEThe right singular vectors of the columns are composed,
Figure BDA0001931093420000056
from last NBS-NUEColumn right singular vectors.
Figure BDA0001931093420000057
For the left singular matrix obtained by the SVD decomposition,
Figure BDA0001931093420000058
for diagonal matrix:
Figure BDA0001931093420000059
to obtain a compound of formula IIkCorresponding initial weight value
Figure BDA00019310934200000510
Namely:
Figure BDA00019310934200000511
according to the formula (3), the equivalent channel He corresponding to the weight can be obtainedk，
Figure BDA00019310934200000512
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00019310934200000513
is a diagonal matrix ΛkFront N ofUEAnd (4) columns.
The second method comprises the following steps: using BD algorithm
Calculating variables of the second transmission matrix of each UE, wherein the specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
s1: construction matrix
Figure BDA00019310934200000514
The following formula (7) is adopted;
Figure BDA00019310934200000515
s2: to pair
Figure BDA00019310934200000516
Carrying out SVD decomposition:
Figure BDA00019310934200000517
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00019310934200000518
r for rankk,nIs shown to be
Figure BDA00019310934200000519
From front rk,nThe right singular vectors of the columns are composed,
Figure BDA00019310934200000520
from last NBS-rk,nColumn right singular vectors.
Figure BDA0001931093420000061
For the left singular matrix obtained by the SVD decomposition,
Figure BDA0001931093420000062
for diagonal matrix:
Figure BDA0001931093420000063
s3: is obtained by
Figure BDA0001931093420000064
Post-calculation
Figure BDA0001931093420000065
And continuing SVD decomposition:
Figure BDA0001931093420000066
s4: finally waiting to the initial forming weight
Figure BDA0001931093420000067
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001931093420000068
equivalent channel He corresponding to initial weightk,nComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0001931093420000069
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00019310934200000610
is a diagonal matrix Λk,nFront N ofUEAnd (4) columns.
It should be noted that other algorithms can be used for calculating the weight, and the method is not limited to the two methods mentioned in the embodiment.
Step 103: and taking any one second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, and correcting the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices to enable a first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight to be equal to a reference equivalent channel, wherein the reference equivalent channel is determined according to the weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix.
In a specific implementation, acquiring initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices and second equivalent channels corresponding to the initial weights and the second equivalent channels respectively; performing the following processing for each other second transmission matrix: and determining the corrected initial weight according to the reference equivalent channel, the initial weight corresponding to the second transmission matrix and the corresponding second equivalent channel.
Specifically, a second transmission matrix is selected from the determined plurality of second transmission matrices as a reference transmission matrix, wherein an initial weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix is not modified. The initial weights corresponding to the other second transmission matrices and the equivalent channels corresponding to the second transmission matrices are obtained from step 102. And correcting the initial weight corresponding to each other second transmission matrix according to the principle that the first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight is equal to the reference equivalent channel. There are various modification methods, and this embodiment will be described by way of example of one of these modification methods.
For example, the Kth transmission matrix is selected from K second transmission matrixes0Wherein, the K th0The equivalent channel corresponding to the second transmission matrix is recorded as
Figure BDA00019310934200000611
Namely, it is
Figure BDA00019310934200000612
Is a reference equivalent channel. The initial weights corresponding to the remaining K-1 second transmission matrices may be modified by using a method as in formula (12):
Figure BDA00019310934200000613
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA00019310934200000614
is composed of
Figure BDA00019310934200000615
By conjugation of, Hek,nAn equivalent channel corresponding to the second transmission matrix of the nth UE,
Figure BDA00019310934200000616
is the initial weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix.
Calculating an equivalent channel corresponding to the second transmission matrix of the n-th UE after correction according to the formula (3) and the formula (12); namely, it is
Figure BDA0001931093420000071
As can be seen from equation (13), the first equivalent channel corresponding to each modified initial weight is equal to the reference equivalent channel.
It should be noted that the weight corresponding to the second transmission matrix obtained in step 102 and the equivalent channel corresponding to each second transmission matrix are substituted into formula (12), so as to obtain the corrected initial weight. The following is a description of the results calculated by the SVD algorithm and the BD algorithm in step 102, respectively.
The first method is as follows: using SVD algorithm
Will be provided with
Figure BDA0001931093420000072
Substituting equation (12) simplifies to obtain:
Figure BDA0001931093420000073
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
will be provided with
Figure BDA0001931093420000074
Substituting equation (12) simplifies to obtain:
Figure BDA0001931093420000075
the first method is as follows: using BD algorithm
Will be provided with
Figure BDA0001931093420000076
Substituting equation (12) simplifies to obtain:
Figure BDA0001931093420000077
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
will be provided with
Figure BDA0001931093420000078
Substituting equation (12) simplifies to obtain:
Figure BDA0001931093420000079
calculated
Figure BDA00019310934200000710
Namely the final corrected initial weight.
It should be noted that the calculated and corrected initial weight may be used as a beamforming weight for beamforming, that is, beamforming may be performed on the UE according to the determined beamforming weight.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention takes any one determined second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, corrects the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices, further enables equivalent channels calculated according to the weight corresponding to each second transmission matrix to be equal to the reference equivalent channel, enables the continuity of the equivalent channel of the UE on a frequency domain to be kept in a PRB binding range, and simultaneously adopts the shaping granularity smaller than the PRB binding range, can improve the shaping precision, can obtain good shaping effect under the condition of high frequency selection change speed of the channel, and can effectively reduce the mutual interference among a plurality of users under the condition of multi-user space division multiplexing; before the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrixes are corrected, phase compensation is carried out on each first transmission matrix, so that large phase difference between different transmission matrixes caused by uplink time offset can be eliminated, when a forming weight smaller than PRB binding granularity is adopted, phase jump caused by time offset cannot be introduced into an equivalent channel of UE, the continuity of the equivalent channel is ensured, the accuracy of channel estimation of a UE side can be improved, and the throughput rate of a cell is improved.
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to a method of beamforming. The second embodiment is a great improvement of the first embodiment, and the main improvement lies in that: in the second embodiment of the present invention, after the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices are modified, a beamforming weight for beamforming is determined according to the number of downlink scheduling streams of each ue. The specific flow of the beamforming method is shown in fig. 2.
Step 201: and under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, determining the number of the required weights and the number of the first transmission matrixes according to the state of the current channel.
In a specific implementation, the number of required weights and the number of first transmission matrixes are determined according to the current channel frequency selection change speed and a preset frequency selection change speed; or, determining the number of the required weights and the number of the first transmission matrixes according to the number of the space division multiplexing user equipment and the number of the preset space division multiplexing user equipment.
Specifically, the number of corresponding weights can be set according to a preset frequency selection change speed, and when the frequency selection change speed is detected to exceed the preset frequency change speed, the weights of the preset number are determined.
Of course, the number of the required weights and the number of the first transmission matrices may also be determined by the number of the space division multiplexes and the number of the preset space division multiplexed user equipments. For example, when the number of preset space division multiplexing devices is more than X, Y (Y is more than or equal to 1) first transmission matrixes are used for calculating Y weights in the PRB binding range. The number of the corresponding weights can be set for the number of the preset space division multiplexing user equipment, and the number of the currently required weights can be determined only by detecting the number of the space division multiplexing user equipment each time.
Step 202: and under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix within the binding range of the resource block, wherein the first transmission matrix is determined according to the number of antennas of the base station and the number of antennas of the space division multiplexing user equipment.
Step 203: and determining an initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to each second transmission matrix, wherein the second transmission matrix is the compensated first transmission matrix.
Step 204: and taking any one second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, and correcting the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices to enable a first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight to be equal to a reference equivalent channel, wherein the reference equivalent channel is determined according to the weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix.
Step 205: and acquiring the downlink scheduling flow number of each user equipment.
Specifically, the number of downlink scheduling streams of each ue may be obtained, where the number of streams refers to the number of layers of data space division multiplexing.
Step 206: and if the number of the downlink scheduling streams of each user equipment is determined to be smaller than the number of the antennas of the user equipment corresponding to the downlink scheduling streams, selecting the corrected initial weight corresponding to the number of the scheduling streams.
Specifically, each corrected initial weight is NBS×NUEThe matrix is determined by calculation according to all the antenna numbers in the UE. However, when it is determined that the number of downlink scheduled streams of each ue is smaller than the number of antennas of the respective ue, columns (where the columns represent the number of base station antennas) with the same number as the number of scheduled streams need to be reserved for the modified initial weight matrix. For example, the calculated modified initial weight is Wk,n，
Figure BDA0001931093420000091
If the number of downlink scheduling streams of the UE is RI, and the RI is smaller than the number of antennas of the UE, W is selectedk,nThe first RI column (RI is the number of streams).
Step 207: and the selected corrected initial weight is used as a forming weight of beam forming.
It should be noted that steps 202 to 204 in this embodiment are substantially the same as steps 101 to 103 in the first embodiment, and will not be described again here.
In the method for beamforming provided in this embodiment, the number of required weights and the corresponding first transmission matrix are determined according to the current channel frequency selection changing speed or the number of user equipments for downlink space division multiplexing, so that under different situations of channels, the appropriate number of weights can be selected, and a beamforming weight can be calculated to adapt to different scenarios; meanwhile, after each other second transmission matrix is corrected, a final forming weight value is determined according to the actual downlink scheduling flow number of each UE so as to adapt to different downlink scheduling flow numbers of the UE.
The steps of the above methods are divided for clarity, and the implementation may be combined into one step or split some steps, and the steps are divided into multiple steps, so long as the same logical relationship is included, which are all within the protection scope of the present patent; it is within the scope of the patent to add insignificant modifications to the algorithms or processes or to introduce insignificant design changes to the core design without changing the algorithms or processes.
A third embodiment of the present invention relates to a base station, and the base station 30 includes: at least one processor 301; and a memory 302 communicatively coupled to the at least one processor 301; wherein the memory 302 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 301, the instructions being executable by the at least one processor 301 to enable the at least one processor 301 to perform the method of beamforming as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment. The structure of the base station is shown in fig. 3.
The memory 302 and the processor 301 are connected by a bus, which may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges that link one or more of the various circuits of the processor 301 and the memory 302. The bus may also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. A bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceiver. The transceiver may be one element or a plurality of elements, such as a plurality of receivers and transmitters, providing a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. The data processed by the processor 301 is transmitted over a wireless medium through an antenna, which further receives the data and transmits the data to the processor 301.
The processor 301 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions. And the memory may be used to store data used by the processor in performing operations.
Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device (which may be a single chip, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.

Claims (9)

1. A method for beamforming, applied to a base station, includes:
under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix within the binding range of the resource block, wherein the first transmission matrix is determined according to the number of antennas of the base station and the number of antennas of space division multiplexing user equipment;
determining an initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to each second transmission matrix, wherein the second transmission matrix is a compensated first transmission matrix;
and taking any one second transmission matrix as a reference transmission matrix, and correcting the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices to enable a first equivalent channel corresponding to the corrected initial weight to be equal to a reference equivalent channel, wherein the reference equivalent channel is determined according to the weight corresponding to the reference transmission matrix.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phase compensation for each acquired first transmission matrix specifically includes:
determining a reference phase matrix according to any first transmission matrix;
determining the phase difference of each antenna in the base station according to the reference phase matrix;
determining a phase compensation value corresponding to each user equipment according to the phase difference of each antenna;
and compensating the element of the corresponding user equipment in each first transmission matrix according to the phase compensation value.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein any one of the second transmission matrices is used as a reference transmission matrix, and the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices are modified, so that the equivalent channels corresponding to the modified initial weights are equal to the reference equivalent channels, and specifically comprising:
acquiring initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrixes and second equivalent channels corresponding to the other second transmission matrixes;
performing the following processing for each other second transmission matrix:
and determining the corrected initial weight according to the reference equivalent channel, the initial weight corresponding to the second transmission matrix and the corresponding second equivalent channel.
4. The method of beamforming according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein before performing phase compensation on each acquired first transmission matrix, the method of beamforming further comprises:
and under the condition of determining the binding range of the resource block, determining the number of the required weights and the number of the first transmission matrixes according to the state of the current channel.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the determining the number of the required weights and the number of the first transmission matrices according to the state of the current channel specifically comprises:
determining the number of required weights and the number of first transmission matrixes according to the current channel frequency selection change speed and a preset frequency selection change speed;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and determining the number of the required weight and the number of the first transmission matrixes according to the number of the space division multiplexing user equipment and the number of the preset space division multiplexing user equipment.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after determining the initial weight corresponding to each second transmission matrix and before modifying the initial weights corresponding to other second transmission matrices, the method of beamforming further comprises:
and calculating the equivalent channel corresponding to each second transmission matrix according to the initial weight value corresponding to each second transmission matrix.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the initial weights corresponding to the other second transmission matrices are modified, the method further comprises:
acquiring the number of downlink scheduling streams of each user equipment;
if the number of downlink scheduling streams of each user equipment is determined to be smaller than the number of antennas of the corresponding user equipment, selecting a modified initial weight corresponding to the number of the scheduling streams;
and the selected corrected initial weight is used as the shaped weight of the shaped wave beam.
8. A base station, comprising:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of beamforming as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of beamforming according to any of claims 1 to 7.
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