CN111380662A - Universal model box for static and dynamic model test of underground structure and test method thereof - Google Patents
Universal model box for static and dynamic model test of underground structure and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111380662A CN111380662A CN202010358124.2A CN202010358124A CN111380662A CN 111380662 A CN111380662 A CN 111380662A CN 202010358124 A CN202010358124 A CN 202010358124A CN 111380662 A CN111380662 A CN 111380662A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/06—Multidirectional test stands
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The invention provides a universal model box for a static and dynamic model test of an underground structure, which comprises a universal model box arranged on the upper surface of a vibration table, wherein the universal model box consists of a bottom plate, a front wall body, a rear wall body, a left wall body and a right wall body, the lower parts of the front wall body and the rear wall body are fixed on the bottom plate by adopting fixing pieces, the lower parts of the left wall body and the right wall body are hinged on the bottom plate through hinge pieces, loading plates are arranged in the middles of the side parts of the left wall body and the right wall body, and a counter force system for performing a full-dynamic vibration table test is arranged outside each loading. The invention has simple structure and reasonable design, is not only suitable for the test of a full-power vibration table, but also can be applied to the static force push-cover test, and greatly improves the utilization rate of the model box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a universal model box for a static and dynamic model test of an underground structure and a test method thereof.
Background
With the increasing perfection of highway and railway traffic infrastructures and the large-scale development of urban underground space engineering, the dynamic characteristics and earthquake dynamic response of underground structures become the research hotspot problems of academic circles and engineering circles. Besides field investigation, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the physical model test method is also an important research means for researching the earthquake dynamic response of the underground structure; the model box is one of important devices in the underground structure model test and has important influence on the test result.
In a shaking table (shaking table) power test, a real earthquake action is simulated through multi-directional excitation (horizontal one-way, horizontal two-way and vertical) of a table top, so that a model box and stratums and structures in the box are driven to vibrate, and earthquake dynamic response of the stratums and the structures in a research range is discussed. The lateral rigidity of the model box actually reflects the constraint effect of the stratum outside the research range on the stratum and the structure in the research range, so the design of the model box is adapted to the actual site conditions. An integral rigid model box is usually adopted for I, II type fields with thin covering layers and mainly made of hard rocks, a layered shear box is usually adopted for IV type field layers with thick covering layers and mainly made of soft soil, and an assembled semi-rigid model box can be adopted for III type fields between the integral rigid model box and the layered shear box.
The static thrust over (pushover) test was originally used for seismic response studies of ground structures, i.e. the application of horizontal thrust to the ground structure step by step to simulate the seismic effect. In recent years, some researchers introduce the method into the seismic response research of the underground structure, that is, the horizontal displacement is applied to the stratum to cause the stratum to generate shear deformation to simulate the seismic action, so as to drive the underground structure to generate seismic response. Therefore, in the static force push test of the underground structure, the main function of the model box is to provide specific horizontal displacement for the stratum so as to cause specific shear deformation of the stratum. However, reports of really reducing the static force push test of the underground structure to practice are rare at present, the reports of the design and manufacture aspects of the model box of the static force push test are rare, and the traditional model box is inconvenient to use, so that scientific research expenses are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the problems, namely the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a universal model box for the underground structure static and dynamic model test and a test method thereof, the universal model box is simple in structure and convenient to use, is not only suitable for a full-dynamic vibration table test, but also can be applied to a static push-cover test, and the utilization rate of the model box is greatly improved.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a general model box of underground structure static power model test, including setting up the general model box at the shaking table upper surface, general model box comprises bottom plate, preceding wall body, back wall body, left wall body and right wall body, preceding wall body and back wall body lower part adopt the mounting to fix on the bottom plate, left wall body and right wall body lower part are articulated on the bottom plate through the articulated elements, all be provided with the loading plate in the middle of left wall body and the right wall body lateral part, every loading plate outside is provided with the counter-force system that is used for carrying on full power shaking table test.
Furthermore, the reaction system comprises a hydraulic damper and reaction walls, the reaction walls are connected with the loading plate through the hydraulic damper, and the reaction walls are respectively positioned on two sides of the vibrating table.
Further, general model case can also set up in integral pedestal top, integral pedestal top symmetry is provided with a pair of loading system that is located general model case both sides respectively, and every loading system all is located integral pedestal top, loading system includes integral counterforce wall and hydraulic actuator, is connected through hydraulic actuator between every loading plate and the integral counterforce wall for carry out the pseudo-static and push and cover the experiment.
Furthermore, a plurality of uniformly staggered transverse stiffeners and vertical stiffeners are arranged on the side faces of the left wall body and the right wall body respectively, so that the rigidity of the wall body is enhanced.
Furthermore, the articulated elements include fixed external member and rotation axis, rotatory axle sleeve establishes in the mounting and with the mounting normal running fit, fixed external member installs on the bottom plate, left side wall body or right wall body lower part and rotation axis fixed connection.
Further, the material of the loading plate is rubber.
Furthermore, the bottom plate is provided with a plurality of threaded holes.
Further, the test method of the universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure comprises the following steps: (1) an underground structure and a stratum model are accommodated in the universal model box; (2) when a full-power vibration table test is carried out, the universal model box is fixed on the vibration table by adopting bolts, and is matched with a counter-force system consisting of a counter-force wall and a hydraulic damper, and a loading plate and the universal model box to carry out the full-power vibration table test; (3) the damping coefficient of the hydraulic damper is selected through a pre-test, so that stratum speed time-course curves (obtained by integral of an actually measured acceleration time-course curve) at the same elevation positions on the left side and the right side in the excitation process are similar as much as possible, and the reflection effect of the boundary of the model box can be effectively reduced (accurately controlled); (3) when a static force push-cover test is carried out, the universal model box is fixed on the integral type pedestal and can carry out a pseudo-static force push-cover test by matching with a loading system consisting of an integral type counter-force wall and a hydraulic actuator; (4) in the static force pushing and covering test process, the left hydraulic actuator pushes the loading plate and the left wall body to generate a certain amount of rotary displacement around the rotating shaft in an active servo mode, and further pushes the stratum model to generate shearing deformation; the right hydraulic actuator provides necessary supporting force for the right wall body in a servo mode to ensure that the rotary displacement of the wall bodies on the two sides is equal; (5) and (4) similarly, when the right-hand pushing is carried out, the action modes of the hydraulic actuators on the left side and the right side are just opposite to the action mode in the step (4).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the device has simple structure and reasonable design, is not only suitable for full-power vibration table tests, but also can be applied to static force push-cover tests, greatly improves the utilization rate of the model box and saves the scientific research test cost; 1) when the model box is applied to a full-power vibration table test, the model box is matched with a counter-force system, and the anti-lateral stiffness of the model box is accurately controlled to be adapted to a stratum model by setting a proper damping coefficient, so that the reflection effect of the boundary of the model box can be effectively reduced; 2) when the model box is applied to a quasi-static push-cover test, the model box is matched with a loading system, and the rotation displacement of a wall body is accurately controlled in an active/passive servo mode, so that the aim of accurately controlling the shearing deformation of a stratum is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram (for a vibration table model test) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention (for static push-over model test);
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a universal model box according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a left wall or a right wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a front wall or a rear wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-universal model box, 11-front wall, 12-rear wall, 13-left wall, 14-right wall, 15-bottom plate, 151-threaded hole, 16-transverse beam, 17-vertical beam, 2-vibration table, 3-fixing piece, 4-hinging piece, 41-rotating shaft, 42-fixing sleeve piece, 5-loading plate, 6-counterforce system, 61-hydraulic damper, 62-counterforce wall, 7-integral pedestal, 8-loading system, 81-integral counterforce wall and 82-hydraulic actuator.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, a universal model box for a static and dynamic model test of an underground structure is provided, which comprises a universal model box 1 arranged on the upper surface of a vibration table 2, the universal model box is composed of a bottom plate 15, a front wall 11, a rear wall 12, a left wall 13 and a right wall 14, the lower parts of the front wall and the rear wall are fixed on the bottom plate by a fixing piece 3, the lower parts of the left wall and the right wall are hinged on the bottom plate through a hinge piece 4, loading plates 5 are arranged in the middles of the side parts of the left wall and the right wall, and a counter force system 6 for performing a full-dynamic vibration table test is arranged outside each loading plate.
In this embodiment, the bottom plate, the front wall, the rear wall, the left wall, and the right wall are all made of steel plates.
In this embodiment, the reaction system 6 includes a hydraulic damper 61 and a reaction wall 62, the reaction wall and the loading plate are connected through the hydraulic damper, the reaction wall is respectively located on two sides of the vibration table, and each reaction wall and the vibration table are independent.
In this embodiment, the lateral surfaces of the left wall and the right wall are respectively provided with a plurality of uniformly staggered transverse struts 16 and vertical struts 17 to enhance the rigidity of the wall.
In this embodiment, the fixing member may be L-shaped.
In this embodiment, the hinge 4 includes a fixing sleeve 42 and a rotating shaft 41, the rotating shaft is sleeved in the fixing member and is rotatably engaged with the fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve is installed on the bottom plate, and the lower portion of the left wall or the right wall is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.
In this embodiment, the loading plate 5 is made of rubber, and the reaction system transmits the acting force or the damping reaction force to the wall body uniformly through the loading plate, and further transmits the acting force or the damping reaction force to the bottom layer of the model located in the universal model box.
In this embodiment, the bottom plate 15 has a plurality of threaded holes 151, and the bottom plate can be fixed to a vibration table or an integral pedestal by bolts.
In the embodiment, the front wall body and the rear wall body are made of acrylic with good light transmittance, so that the change condition of the model in the test process can be conveniently observed; the inner walls of the front wall body and the inner rear wall body are provided with lubricating layers, and the outer walls of the front wall body and the inner rear wall body are densely provided with vertical and horizontal scale marks so as to facilitate observation and test change.
In this embodiment, the underground structure and the stratum model are accommodated in the universal model box, when the full-power vibration table test is performed, the universal model box is fixed on the vibration table, the full-power vibration table test is performed by matching with a reaction system formed by a reaction wall and a hydraulic damper, and the damping coefficient of the hydraulic damper is selected through a pre-test, so that stratum speed time-course curves (obtained by integrating an actually measured acceleration time-course curve) at the positions with the same height on the left side and the right side in the excitation process are similar as much as possible, and the reflection effect at the boundary of the model box can be effectively reduced (accurately controlled).
Example 2: in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the universal model casing 1 can be further disposed above the integral pedestal 7, a pair of loading systems 8 respectively disposed on two sides of the universal model casing is symmetrically disposed above the integral pedestal, each loading system is disposed above the integral pedestal, each loading system 8 includes an integral reaction wall 81 and a hydraulic actuator 82, and each loading plate is connected to the integral reaction wall through the hydraulic actuator for performing a pseudo-static force push-cover test.
When a static force push-cover test is carried out, the universal model box is fixed on the integral type pedestal and can carry out a pseudo-static force push-cover test by matching with a loading system consisting of an integral type counter-force wall and a hydraulic actuator; the left hydraulic actuator pushes the left wall body to generate a certain amount of rotary displacement around the rotary shaft in an active servo mode, and further pushes the stratum model to generate shear deformation; the right side hydraulic actuator provides necessary supporting force for the right wall body in a servo mode, and the rotating displacement of the wall bodies on the two sides is guaranteed to be equal. Similarly, when the right-hand push-cover is carried out, the action modes of the hydraulic actuators on the left side and the right side are just opposite to those of the hydraulic actuators.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure is characterized by comprising a universal model box arranged on the upper surface of a vibration table, wherein the universal model box consists of a bottom plate, a front wall body, a rear wall body, a left wall body and a right wall body, the lower parts of the front wall body and the rear wall body are fixed on the bottom plate by adopting fixing pieces, the lower parts of the left wall body and the right wall body are hinged on the bottom plate through hinged pieces, loading plates are arranged in the middles of the side parts of the left wall body and the right wall body, and a counter-force system for performing the full-dynamic vibration table test is arranged on the outer side of.
2. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the universal model box can be further arranged above an integral pedestal, a pair of loading systems are symmetrically arranged above the integral pedestal and are respectively arranged at two sides of the universal model box, each loading system is arranged above the integral pedestal, each loading system comprises an integral counterforce wall and a hydraulic actuator, and each loading plate is connected with the integral counterforce wall through the hydraulic actuator for the pseudo-static force push-cover test.
3. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the reaction system comprises a hydraulic damper and a reaction wall, the reaction wall is connected with the loading plate through the hydraulic damper, and the reaction wall is respectively positioned at two sides of the vibration table.
4. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the left wall and the right wall are provided with a plurality of uniformly staggered horizontal and vertical struts on the side surfaces to enhance the rigidity of the wall.
5. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of the underground structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the hinge member comprises a fixed sleeve and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is sleeved in the fixed member and is in running fit with the fixed member, the fixed sleeve is installed on the bottom plate, and the lower part of the left wall or the right wall is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.
6. The universal model box for the static and dynamic model test of underground structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loading plate material is rubber.
7. The universal model box for static and dynamic model testing of underground structures as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bottom plate has a plurality of threaded holes.
8. A method of testing a universal model box using the static and dynamic model of an underground structure as claimed in claim 3, comprising the steps of: (1) an underground structure and a stratum model are accommodated in the universal model box; (2) when a full-power vibration table test is carried out, the universal model box is fixed on the vibration table by adopting bolts, and is matched with a counter-force system consisting of a counter-force wall and a hydraulic damper, and a loading plate and the universal model box to carry out the full-power vibration table test; (3) the damping coefficient of the hydraulic damper is selected through a pre-test, so that stratum speed time-course curves (obtained by integral of an actually measured acceleration time-course curve) at the same elevation positions on the left side and the right side in the excitation process are similar as much as possible, and the reflection effect of the boundary of the model box can be effectively reduced (accurately controlled); (3) when a static force push-cover test is carried out, the universal model box is fixed on the integral type pedestal and can carry out a pseudo-static force push-cover test by matching with a loading system consisting of an integral type counter-force wall and a hydraulic actuator; (4) in the static force pushing and covering test process, the left hydraulic actuator pushes the loading plate and the left wall body to generate a certain amount of rotary displacement around the rotating shaft in an active servo mode, and further pushes the stratum model to generate shearing deformation; the right hydraulic actuator provides necessary supporting force for the right wall body in a servo mode to ensure that the rotary displacement of the wall bodies on the two sides is equal; (5) and (4) similarly, when the right-hand pushing is carried out, the action modes of the hydraulic actuators on the left side and the right side are just opposite to the action mode in the step (4).
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| CN114705386A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-05 | 河海大学 | Pseudo-static anti-seismic testing device and method for long and large tunnel structure |
| CN114876093A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-09 | 安徽三建工程有限公司 | Construction method of counterforce wall with stiff concrete hollow structure |
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| CN111380662B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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