CN111377595B - Method and system for controlling gas supply of glass kiln in real time - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling gas supply of glass kiln in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN111377595B CN111377595B CN202010381577.7A CN202010381577A CN111377595B CN 111377595 B CN111377595 B CN 111377595B CN 202010381577 A CN202010381577 A CN 202010381577A CN 111377595 B CN111377595 B CN 111377595B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/24—Automatically regulating the melting process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the gas supply of a glass melting furnace in real time, which comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining the space temperature T in the glass melting furnace at the current momentact(ii) a S2, converting the TactInputting the gas into a gas supply quantity model of the DCS combustion system,
outputting V of the current momentgas(ii) a S3, the numerical control center according to the V of the current momentgasAnd sending an instruction to an adjusting valve at a gas inlet pipe of the glass melting furnace, and adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve. The invention also discloses a system for controlling the gas supply of the glass melting furnace in real time. The invention has the advantage that the set value of the fuel quantity is directly changed through the control system, so that the temperature of the melting furnace is adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass melting furnaces, in particular to a method and a system for controlling the gas supply quantity of a glass melting furnace in real time.
Background
The glass industry is a high energy consumption industry, wherein the energy consumption of the glass melting furnace accounts for more than 80 percent of the glass industry, and the fuel cost accounts for 35 to 50 percent of the glass cost. Most of the glass products are made using a float glass furnace, such as the float glass furnace disclosed in patent application 201710375067.7. However, the energy consumption of producing glass liquid of unit mass in most float glass production lines in China is 6500 kJ/kg-7500 kJ/kg, and the heat efficiency of the whole glass melting furnace is only 30% -40%. The international advanced float glass enterprise unit energy consumption is only 5800kJ/kg, and the heat efficiency of the melting furnace reaches 45-55%. Therefore, certain difference exists between the float glass production and the international advanced level in China.
How to improve the thermal efficiency of the glass melting furnace and reduce the energy consumption of unit molten glass, thereby reducing the fuel cost of glass production and achieving the purpose of energy conservation is a long-term development target of glass enterprises in China.
In the aspect of controlling the process, the fluctuation of the temperature in the melting process is reduced, the stability of the temperature curve is ensured, the fuel is saved, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved. At present, the temperature control of the glass melting furnace mostly adopts a cross amplitude limiting mode, and the fuel quantity is manually adjusted by observing the change of the temperature, so that the temperature is adjusted. However, due to the characteristics of large inertia and pure lag of the glass melting furnace and the delay and instability of manual control, large fluctuation exists in the adjustment of the fuel quantity, and particularly in the fire changing link, the overshoot phenomenon easily occurs, so that the temperature fluctuation is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art that: the method and the system for controlling the gas supply quantity of the glass melting furnace in real time can timely and accurately adjust the fuel when the temperature of the melting furnace space fluctuates.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical means: a method for controlling the gas supply of a glass melting furnace in real time comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining the space temperature T in the glass melting furnace at the current momentact；
S2, converting the TactInputting the data into a gas supply quantity model of the DCS combustion system, and outputting the V at the current momentgas；
The gas supply quantity model is as follows:
wherein eta represents the high-temperature coefficient of the glass melting furnace, the value of the invention is 0.7, of course, the invention can be any value in 0.7-0.75, and the error influence is not large. b represents the volume ratio of oxygen to gas, is usually called as combustion ratio in production, is set according to the thought of production personnel of each plant, and can test the gas quantity by 'fixing the gas with wind, namely fixed air quantity', or 'fixing the gas with wind, namely fixed gas quantity test air quantity', the invention adopts a mode of 'fixing the gas with wind'; the proportion is opened to the operator in the DCS and can be set manually; converted into the volume ratio of air to fuel gas
Is composed of
VgasIndicating the gas supply amount at the present time, VoxyRepresenting the flow of actual oxygen input to the glass melting furnace; vairRepresenting the flow of actual air input into the glass melting furnace;
s3, the numerical control center according to the V of the current momentgasAnd sending an instruction to an adjusting valve at a gas inlet pipe of the glass melting furnace, and adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve.
Preferably, V at the current timegasThe opening degree of the regulating valve is calculated by a PID regulating loop and is transmitted to a PID control systemThe 4-20mA signal is sent to the regulating valve.
Preferably, T in S1actThe temperature is measured by a temperature measuring position at the middle position of the arch top of the glass melting furnace.
Preferably, a through hole is arranged in the center of the arch top of the glass melting furnace, a temperature sensor is arranged at the through hole, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is Tact。
The arch crown centering refers to a thermocouple (temperature sensor) at the middle position of the arch crown of the melting part, in a conventional mode, the thermocouple of the arch crown is in a blind hole installation mode, the space temperature is controlled by measuring the temperature of the arch crown and the profile, and the temperature measurement mode is not real-time space temperature in actual sense due to the fact that the temperature measurement mode is separated from an arch crown brick, so that the system is not beneficial to controlling the space temperature of the melting furnace. The through hole measuring mode can measure the space temperature of the melting furnace in real time and is more direct.
Preferably, the gas supply amount model of S2 is created by:
s21, establishing a chemical equation of the reactant gas combustion reaction:
CH4+b(O2+3.76N2)＝CO2+2H2O+(b-2)O2+3.76bN2
according to the coefficient of excess air
To obtain
S22, calculating the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature of the glass melting furnace due to the fixed volume of the glass melting furnace, and obtaining the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature by energy conservation:
Hreac-Hprod-Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝0；(2)
wherein HreacFor the reactants at an initial temperature TinitEnthalpy ofprodFor the resultant at a final temperature TadEnthalpy ofreacAnd NprodRespectively the moles of reactants and products, RuFor a universal gas constant of 8.314 kJ/kmol.K, the above formula is developed:
Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝8.314[(4.76b+1)Tinit-(5.76b-1)Tad] (5)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the standard enthalpy of formation of substance i, invariant with temperature; cp,i(T) is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the substance i at the temperature T, changes with the temperature, and the average temperature T is (T ═ T) because the temperature changes in the combustion processinit+Tad) The heat capacity at/2 is calculated; then the initial temperature is taken as room temperature Tinit298K, the initial temperature is the standard room temperature, and the temperature is also used in the pressure stabilizing compensation formula of the fuel flow system statistic; t isadFor the final temperature, it was set at 2100K, i.e., T of the present inventionadCalculated at 2100K, the values here are not exclusive and vary according to the desired production temperature set for each kiln. When the temperature of a melting furnace in a glass production line needs to reach 650-750 ℃, a DCS control system starts to be formally used, the temperature of the actual production working condition is about 1500 ℃, and the average temperature T of the invention is regarded as the minimum temperature required by the system.
Calculating the heat capacity when T is 1200K;
s23, obtaining the formula (5)
In the initial stage of kiln use, special personnel bake the kiln, all instruments are not put into use, when the temperature reaches a certain value, the factory combustion system pipeline is used, and the kiln baking process is enabled by experience and inaccurate in measurement; therefore, the present invention does not consider the preheating process.
Preferably, the glass melting furnace comprises one of a continuous glass furnace, a crucible furnace, a batch type operation furnace, a tunnel furnace, a shaft furnace and a rotary furnace.
Preferably, the type of the temperature sensor is a thermocouple TE-207.
The invention also discloses a system for controlling the gas supply quantity of the glass melting furnace in real time, which comprises the glass melting furnace, a temperature sensor, a numerical control center, a regulating valve, a gas inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged in the glass melting furnace and used for measuring the space temperature T of the glass melting furnace at the current momentact(ii) a The T isactThe gas supply quantity model is input into the numerical control center, and V of the current moment can be output and obtainedgas；
The gas supply quantity model is as follows:
wherein eta represents the high temperature coefficient of the glass melting furnace, b represents the volume ratio of oxygen to fuel gas, and the volume ratio is converted into the volume ratio of air to fuel gas
Is composed of
VgasIndicating the gas supply amount at the present time, VoxyRepresenting the flow of actual oxygen input to the glass melting furnace; vairRepresenting the flow of actual air input into the glass melting furnace;
the numerical control center is based on the V of the current momentgasSending an instruction to the regulating valve at the gas inlet pipe communicated with the gas inlet of the glass melting furnace,adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve; the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air inlet of the glass melting furnace and is used for inputting air into the glass melting furnace.
Preferably, the gas supply amount model is established by:
s21, establishing a chemical equation of the reactant gas combustion reaction:
CH4+b(O2+3.76N2)＝CO2+2H2O+(b-2)O2+3.76bN2
according to the coefficient of excess air
To obtain
S22, calculating the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature of the glass melting furnace due to the fixed volume of the glass melting furnace, and obtaining the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature by energy conservation:
Hreac-Hprod-Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝0； (2)
wherein HreacFor the reactants at an initial temperature TinitEnthalpy ofprodFor the resultant at a final temperature TadEnthalpy ofreacAnd NprodRespectively the moles of reactants and products, RuFor a universal gas constant of 8.314 kJ/kmol.K, the above formula is developed:
Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝8.314[(4.76b+1)Tinit-(5.76b-1)Tad] (5)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the standard enthalpy of formation of substance i, invariant with temperature; cp,i(T) is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the substance i at the temperature T, changes with the temperature, and the average temperature T is (T ═ T) because the temperature changes in the combustion processinit+Tad) The heat capacity at/2 is calculated; setting the initial temperature to be room temperature T without considering the preheating processinit＝298K，TadThe final temperature was set to 2100K, and the heat capacity at T1200K was calculated;
s23, obtaining the formula (5)
Preferably, said TactThe temperature is measured by a temperature measuring position at the middle position of the arch top of the glass melting furnace.
Preferably, a through hole is arranged in the center of the arch top of the glass melting furnace, a temperature sensor is arranged at the through hole, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is Tact。
The invention accurately estimates the relation between the space temperature change of the melting furnace and the fuel quantity, directly inputs the relation into a control system, and takes the difference value between the actual temperature of the melting furnace and the set temperature as the regulated quantity, wherein the set temperature refers to the expected value of the temperature of the melting furnace written into a DCS by production personnel, the actual temperature refers to the space temperature in the melting furnace actually measured by a thermocouple inserted into a through hole, and the regulated quantity refers to the increase and decrease of the fuel consumption and is represented as the percentage of the opening and closing of a fuel pipeline regulating valve in the system.
The set value of the fuel quantity is directly changed through the control system, so that the temperature of the melting furnace is adjusted. This avoids the uncertainty and instability associated with manual operation.
Further, during the period of changing the fire, the fuel inlet at one side needs to be closed, and the fuel inlet at the other side needs to be opened, so that the temperature in the melting furnace gradually returns to a stable process after being reduced. The traditional temperature control method is adjusted in real time, and once the temperature is reduced, the fuel quantity is increased, so that the fuel quantity is over-adjusted during the fire changing period, and the temperature just after the fire changing is greatly fluctuated.
Because the kiln is not fired during the reversing period, the temperature is reduced, after the reversing is finished, all pipelines start to count fuel again, the temperature rises again, the time is needed for the temperature to rise again, and under the condition that a control system is not suspended, the valve position of the pipeline is opened greatly because the measured temperature is lower than the set temperature and is inevitably larger than the valve position under the normal combustion condition, so that the overshoot occurs, and the fuel is wasted.
The invention can predict the time of fuel quantity recovery during the period of changing the fire, implement pause of a certain time to the temperature control system, and start temperature regulation after the temperature is basically recovered; the fuel supply amount is controlled according to the scheme, the fuel supply amount is brought into a model according to a temperature set value, and the fuel amount required by reaching the temperature, namely the opening degree of the valve position of the fuel pipeline, is automatically given.
This greatly reduces the temperature fluctuation after the fire change, and reduces the fuel wasted by overshoot.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the actual production experience of Shaanxi Shenmu Ruichi glass melting furnace, the production line can save and avoid the overshoot of fuel valves, the energy-saving effect is achieved, and the coal gas is saved by about 1900m every day3。
Because the relation between the space temperature change of the melting furnace and the fuel quantity is accurately estimated, the space temperature of the melting furnace is directly adjusted through the control system, the labor cost for adjusting the fuel quantity is saved, and the further automation of glass production is realized. The transmission reversing control program can recover the working condition in the kiln for about 3 to five minutes, and the system can recover the stable working condition in the kiln, such as kiln pressure, liquid level, air system, fuel system and the like, within one minute.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the temperature change according to the fuel gas in example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
It is noted that the presence of relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Example 1
In this example, a melting furnace using natural gas as fuel is taken as an example, and the natural gas composition data is shown below.
Table 1 natural gas composition data
Considering that natural gas has CH as a main component4For simplicity of calculation, only CH is considered in natural gas4The chemical equation for the combustion reaction can be listed as follows.
CH4+b(O2+3.76N2)＝CO2+2H2O+(b-2)O2+3.76bN2 (1)
Wherein b represents the volume ratio of oxygen to fuel gas, converted into the volume ratio of air to fuel gas
Is composed of
Conversion to excess air factor
Then is
Since the melting furnace volume is fixed, we should calculate its constant volume adiabatic firing temperature, which is obtained from energy conservation:
Hreac-Hprod-Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝0 (2)
wherein HreacFor the reactants at an initial temperature TinitEnthalpy ofprodFor the resultant at a final temperature TadEnthalpy ofreacAnd NprodRespectively the moles of reactants and products, RuFor a universal gas constant of 8.314 kJ/kmol.K, the above formula is developed:
Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝8.314[(4.76b+1)Tinit-(5.76b-1)Tad] (5)
here, the
The standard enthalpy of formation for substance i, independent of temperature, can be found by looking up table 2. Cp,i(T) is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the substance i at the temperature T, changes with the temperature, and the average temperature T is (T ═ T) because the temperature changes in the combustion processinit+Tad) The heat capacity at/2. Setting the initial temperature to be room temperature T without considering the preheating processinit＝298K，TadFor the final temperature, we set it to 2100K and calculate it using the heat capacity at T — 1200K.
Table 2 thermodynamic data for related substances are as follows:
the data in the table is substituted into the formula (5) to be calculated
The combustion temperature calculated by the equation (6) is only the theoretical combustion temperature, a part of heat is always lost in the actual combustion process, and the combustion is often incomplete, so that the actual combustion temperature is always lower than the theoretical combustion temperature. The maximum practical temperatures (i.e., flame temperatures) that can be achieved by the various kilns are determined from the various kiln high temperature coefficients η (also known as combustion thermal efficiencies) listed in table 3.
TABLE 3 high temperature coefficients of various kilns
| Name of kiln | Coefficient of high temperature |
| Continuous glass kiln | 0.70～0.75 |
| Crucible kiln | 0.60～0.70 |
| Intermittent operation kiln | 0.65～0.70 |
| Tunnel kiln | 0.77～0.82 |
| Shaft kiln | 0.55～0.65 |
| Rotary kiln | 0.68～0.75 |
The present large glass melting furnace is a continuous type, the high temperature coefficient when the continuous glass melting furnace is used for calculating the actual combustion temperature is taken according to 0.7, and then the calculation formula of the actual combustion temperature is as follows:
from the above results, the combustion temperatures can be obtained as shown in the following table for different excess air ratios or air/gas volume ratios.
TABLE 4 Combustion thermometer with different air/gas volume ratios
Example 2
In the glass production line, a Sichuan instrument thermocouple is mostly adopted to collect and measure the space temperature of the melting furnace, an A + K flowmeter is adopted to collect flow signals, and measuring instruments and meters used by the furnace are as follows:
| thermocouple name | Model number | Unit of | Number of |
| Melting portion arch top TE-207 | WRB-0316-PM-1000R850-ZA1FHZ01 | Branch stand | 1 |
| Name of article | Model number | Unit of | Number of |
| FE-110 | AKHFD012P231216MAMBN,DN300 | Sleeve | 1 |
If the combustion is stable and the gas quantity is increased or decreased, the combustion is started
Calculating new air/gas volume ratio
The volume ratio of oxygen to gas is calculated, and finally the volume ratio is substituted into the formula (7), so that the change of the actual combustion temperature can be calculated.
In the case where the combustion in the furnace is stabilized, the amount of combustion gas is increased or decreased, and the change in the temperature of the furnace space can be calculated as follows.
In a glass production line, the air-gas ratio (combustion-supporting air/fuel gas volume ratio) is 11:1, in the embodiment, the air-gas ratio (combustion-supporting air/fuel gas volume ratio) is 11:1, for example, and the fuel gas quantity FE-110 of the melting furnace is adjusted to 580Nm3H, combustion-supporting air is air
(1) The combustion temperature at that time was calculated from the equation (7)
At this time, the temperature measured by the through hole thermocouple TE-207 corresponding to the melting furnace is 1596 DEG C
(2) When manually increased by 10Nm3The new air-gas ratio of the fuel gas/h is as follows:
the combustion temperature at that time was calculated from the equation (7)
At this time, the measured temperature of the through hole thermocouple TE-207 corresponding to the melting furnace is 1624 DEG C
(3) When manually reduced by 10Nm3The new air-gas ratio of the fuel gas/h is as follows:
the combustion temperature at that time was calculated from the equation (7)
The temperature of the through hole thermocouple TE-207 corresponding to the melting furnace at this time was 1566 ℃.
As shown in fig. 1, it can be known from the above data collection statistics that, after the temperature of the melting furnace space reaches a certain preset value, the temperature change and the fuel consumption are in a direct proportion relationship, and according to the main components of the used fuel, a binary linear function model Y ═ aX + b can be used to calculate the fuel quantity required by the current temperature setting value, where Y is the current measured temperature value, X is the deviation value of the required fuel (i.e. the fuel value required to be increased or decreased corresponding to the increased or decreased temperature value), and a and b can be obtained according to the statistics of different melting furnace production parameters. The physical meaning of the model is that the model is directly converted into the fuel consumption according to the set temperature, so Y is the set temperature, and after Y exists, X can be obtained, and the opening degree of the valve position can be brought into a PID loop control valve. In the embodiment, a is 1.75, and b is 233.
The R value of the fitted binary linear function model can reach 0.75-0.83.
It should be noted that, if there are first and second relation terms used herein, the relation terms are only used for distinguishing one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relation or order between the entities or operations. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling the gas supply of a glass melting furnace in real time is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining the space temperature T in the glass melting furnace at the current momentact；
S2, converting the TactGas supply to a DCS combustion systemIn the quantitative model, V at the current moment is outputgas；
The gas supply quantity model is as follows:
wherein eta represents the high-temperature coefficient of the glass melting furnace, and b represents the volume ratio of oxygen to fuel gas; converted into the volume ratio of air to fuel gas
Is composed of
VgasIndicating the gas supply amount at the present time, VoxyRepresenting the flow of actual oxygen input to the glass melting furnace; vairRepresenting the flow of actual air input into the glass melting furnace;
s3, the numerical control center according to the V of the current momentgasAnd sending an instruction to an adjusting valve at a gas inlet pipe of the glass melting furnace, and adjusting the opening of the adjusting valve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein T in S1 is TactThe temperature is measured by a temperature measuring position at the middle position of the arch top of the glass melting furnace.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein a through hole is formed at a center of an arch of the glass melting furnace, and a temperature sensor is installed at the through hole, wherein the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is Tact。
4. The method of controlling in real time the gas supply to a glass melting furnace as set forth in claim 1, wherein the gas supply model of S2 is created by:
s21, establishing a chemical equation of the reactant gas combustion reaction:
CH4+b(O2+3.76N2)＝CO2+2H2O+(b-2)O2+3.76bN2
according to the coefficient of excess air
VairoRepresenting the flow of theoretical air input into the glass melting furnace;
to obtain
S22, calculating the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature of the glass melting furnace due to the fixed volume of the glass melting furnace, and obtaining the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature by energy conservation:
Hreac-Hprod-Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝0； (2)
wherein HreacFor the reactants at an initial temperature TinitEnthalpy ofprodFor the resultant at a final temperature TadEnthalpy ofreacAnd NprodRespectively the moles of reactants and products, RuFor a universal gas constant of 8.314 kJ/kmol.K, the above formula is developed:
Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝8.314[(4.76b+1)Tinit-(5.76b-1)Tad] (5)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the standard enthalpy of formation for substance i; cp,i(T) is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the substance i at the temperature T, and the average temperature T is taken as (T ═ T-init+Tad) The heat capacity at/2 is calculated; taking the initial temperature as room temperature Tinit＝298K，TadThe final temperature was set to 2100K, and the heat capacity at T1200K was calculated;
s23, obtaining the formula (5)
5. The method of real time control of gas supply to a glass melting furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glass melting furnace comprises one of a continuous glass furnace, a crucible furnace, a batch process furnace, a tunnel furnace, a shaft furnace, a rotary furnace.
6. The method of controlling in real time the gas supply to a glass melting furnace as set forth in claim 3, wherein the temperature sensor is of the thermocouple type TE-207.
7. A system for controlling the gas supply quantity of a glass melting furnace in real time is characterized by comprising the glass melting furnace, a temperature sensor, a numerical control center, a regulating valve, a gas inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe; the temperature sensor is arranged in the glass melting furnace and used for measuring the space temperature T of the glass melting furnace at the current momentact(ii) a The T isactThe gas supply quantity model is input into the numerical control center, and V of the current moment can be output and obtainedgas；
The gas supply quantity model is as follows:
wherein eta represents the high temperature coefficient of the glass melting furnace, and b represents oxygenThe volume ratio of gas to fuel gas is converted into the volume ratio of air to fuel gas
Is composed of
VgasIndicating the gas supply amount at the present time, VoxyRepresenting the flow of actual oxygen input to the glass melting furnace; vairRepresenting the flow of actual air input into the glass melting furnace;
the numerical control center is based on the V of the current momentgasSending an instruction to the regulating valve at the gas inlet pipe communicated with a gas inlet of the glass melting furnace, and regulating the opening degree of the regulating valve; the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air inlet of the glass melting furnace and is used for inputting air into the glass melting furnace.
8. The system for real-time control of gas supply to a glass melting furnace of claim 7, wherein the gas supply model is created by:
s21, establishing a chemical equation of the reactant gas combustion reaction:
CH4+b(O2+3.76N2)＝CO2+2H2O+(b-2)O2+3.76bN2
according to the coefficient of excess air
VairoRepresenting the flow of theoretical air input into the glass melting furnace;
to obtain
S22, calculating the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature of the glass melting furnace due to the fixed volume of the glass melting furnace, and obtaining the constant volume adiabatic combustion temperature by energy conservation:
Hreac-Hprod-Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝0； (2)
wherein HreacFor the reactants at an initial temperature TinitEnthalpy ofprodFor the resultant at a final temperature TadEnthalpy ofreacAnd NprodRespectively the moles of reactants and products, RuFor a universal gas constant of 8.314 kJ/kmol.K, the above formula is developed:
Ru(NreacTinit-NprodTad)＝8.314[(4.76b+1)Tinit-(5.76b-1)Tad] (5)
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the standard enthalpy of formation for substance i; cp,i(T) is the constant pressure specific heat capacity of the substance i at the temperature T, and the average temperature T is taken as (T ═ T-init+Tad) The heat capacity at/2 is calculated; taking the initial temperature as room temperature Tinit＝298K，TadThe final temperature was set to 2100K, and the heat capacity at T1200K was calculated;
s23, obtaining the formula (5)
9. The system of claim 7, wherein said T is a gas supply for a glass melting furnaceactThe temperature is measured by a temperature measuring position at the middle position of the arch top of the glass melting furnace.
10. The system as claimed in claim 9, wherein a through hole is formed at a center of an arch of the glass melting furnace, a temperature sensor is installed at the through hole, and a temperature measured by the temperature sensor is Tact。
Priority Applications (1)
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