CN111365373A - 滑动轴承及其制备方法 - Google Patents
滑动轴承及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111365373A CN111365373A CN201811589887.7A CN201811589887A CN111365373A CN 111365373 A CN111365373 A CN 111365373A CN 201811589887 A CN201811589887 A CN 201811589887A CN 111365373 A CN111365373 A CN 111365373A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- bearing according
- bonding
- sliding
- plain bearing
- Prior art date
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Links
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有氟化处理粘结层的滑动轴承,所述滑动轴承包含滑动层、支撑层以及至少一个表面氟化处理的粘结层。本发明还提供一种制备上述滑动轴承的方法。本发明的滑动轴承粘结层在保持粘结强度的同时,使得粘结层中的氟元素含量较低,从而降低了原料成本和对环境的不利影响。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于滑动轴承技术领域,涉及一种含有氟化处理粘结层的滑动轴承及其制备方法。
背景技术
滑动轴承是指在滑动摩擦下工作的轴承。常用的滑动轴承材料有轴承合金、耐磨铸铁、铜基和铝基合金、粉末冶金材料、塑料、橡胶、硬木、碳石墨、聚四氟乙烯、改性聚甲醛等。其中聚四氟乙烯制备的滑动轴承可以自润滑,在不使用润滑剂的情况下,可以靠本体材料润滑,相比于金属类滑动轴承,具有无污染、绿色环保、耗能小、摩擦系数低、安全性能高等优势,因此得到广泛地应用。通常聚四氟乙烯是作为滑动轴承的滑动层来实现良好的润滑,并通过和金属的支撑层结合,以提高轴承的承载能力。但是聚四氟乙烯的极性很低,必须通过特殊的技术来实现其与金属支撑层的有效结合、从而满足轴承的使用要求。
常见的实现聚四氟乙烯与金属支撑层的有效结合方法,如专利US8931957B2所提及:先在金属板上烧结多孔铜粉层作为粘结层,然后铺放聚四氟乙烯或其混合物,在热和压力作用下使得聚四氟乙烯进入到多孔铜粉层的孔隙中,在冷却定型后与金属支撑层形成整体的结构。但是该方法工艺较复杂,铜粉的使用也影响了产品的经济性。此外,在国内专利200780053013.3、201280019939.1和国际专利PCT/EP2013/070239中也提及了一种使用含氟聚合物为主体的粘结剂来粘结聚四氟乙烯滑动层与金属支撑层。但是,含氟聚合物生产过程中存在对环境的不利影响,而且含氟聚合物的使用也影响了产品的经济性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足之处,提供一种含有氟化处理粘结层的滑动轴承及其制备方法。本发明的滑动轴承采用价格较低的不含氟元素的普通热塑性薄膜作为粘结层的主体,并对粘结层的表面进行氟化处理,在保持粘结强度的同时,使得粘结层中的氟元素含量较低,降低了原料成本和对环境的不利影响。
为达到上述目的,本发明的滑动轴承包含:
支撑层,所述支撑层含有第一表面及与所述第一表面相对的第二表面;
粘结层,所述粘结层覆盖所述支撑层,所述粘结层含有与所述支撑层的所述第二表面相接触的第一粘结面及与所述第一粘结面相对的第二粘结面;
滑动层,所述滑动层覆盖所述粘结层,所述滑动层含有与所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面相接触的第一面及与所述第一面相对的第二面;
其中,所述粘结层包含不含氟元素的热塑性树脂,并且所述粘结层至少包含对所述第二粘结面进行氟化处理形成的氟化处理层;
所述滑动层包含聚四氟乙烯。
优选地,所述粘结层还包括对所述第一粘结面进行氟化处理形成的氟化处理层。
优选地,所述氟化处理层的深度为0.001~50μm。
更优选地,所述氟化处理层的深度为0.1~15μm。
优选地,所述氟化处理层的氟元素的相对原子浓度为1~80%,所述氟元素的含量采用X射线光电子能谱仪分析得到。
更优选地,所述氟元素的相对原子浓度为5~52%。
优选地,所述热塑性树脂的熔融温度不高于330℃。
优选地,所述热塑性树脂选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。
更优选地,所述热塑性树脂选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述热塑性树脂在所述不含氟元素的粘结层中的质量含量为40~100%。
优选地,所述粘结层还包括第一填充剂,所述第一填充剂选自接枝改性聚合物、无机粉体或上述两种物质的组合,所述接枝改性聚合物选自酸酐接枝聚乙烯、酸酐接枝聚丙烯、丙烯酸酯接枝聚丙烯中的一种或多种,所述无机粉体选自石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化硅中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述粘结层的厚度为0.005~0.1mm。
更优选地,所述粘结层的厚度为0.02~0.06mm。
优选地,所述聚四氟乙烯在所述滑动层中的质量含量为20~100%。
更优选地,所述聚四氟乙烯在所述滑动层中的质量含量为60~90%。
优选地,所述滑动层还包括第二填充剂,所述第二填充剂选自固体润滑剂、耐磨改性剂、增强剂、聚合物或上述物质的混合物,所述固体润滑剂选自石墨、氟化石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二硫化钼、二硫化钨中的一种或多种,所述耐磨改性剂选自铜、铅、硫化铜、硫化锌、硫酸钡、硫化铁、氧化铬、氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅、氮化硅、氮化硼、玻璃微珠中的一种或多种,所述增强体选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种或多种,所述聚合物选自聚酰胺、聚苯酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物、四氟乙烯-全氟烷氧基乙烯基醚共聚物中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述滑动层的所述第一面为经过表面处理的表面。
更优选地,所述表面处理包括化学改性处理、等离子体处理、电晕处理、火焰处理、激光辐射处理。
本发明还提供一种制备本发明的上述滑动轴承的方法,所述方法包括:
至少将所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面进行所述氟化处理;
将所述粘结层的所述第一粘结面置于所述支撑层的所述第二表面上,再将所述滑动层的所述第一面置于所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面上,形成叠放组合物;
对所述叠放组合物进行加热加压;
在加压状态下冷却所述叠放组合物。
本发明具有以下优点:
本发明采用不含氟元素的普通热塑性树脂作为粘结层的主体,并对上述不含氟元素的粘结层表面一定深度范围内进行氟化处理以提高粘结层表面的氟元素含量、表面能以及与滑动层的相容性。由此,在确保滑动层与支撑层的有效结合的前提下,所使用的粘结层为只在表面一定深度范围内含有适量氟元素的普通热塑性树脂,相比使用价格昂贵的含氟聚合物作为粘结层,降低了使用成本;同时也实现了粘结层的低氟元素含量,减少了对环境的影响。
附图说明
图1为本发明滑动轴承的一个实施方式的分解截面图;
图2为本发明滑动轴承的另一个实施方式的分解截面图;
图3为本发明滑动轴承的制备方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例详细阐述本发明,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本领域技术的技术人员在本发明公开的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
以下对本发明的一些专用术语及符号进行解释说明:
本发明中,术语“热塑性树脂”指的是具有受热软化、冷却硬化的性能,而且不起化学反应,无论加热和冷却重复进行多少次,均能保持这种性能的一种树脂。在成型加工过程中,热塑性树脂经加压加热即软化和流动,不发生化学交联,可以在模具内赋形,经冷却定型,制得所需形状的制品。在反复受热过程中,分子结构基本上不发生变化,当温度过高、时间过长时,则会发生降解或分解。
本发明中,术语“熔融温度”(Tm)指的是热塑性树脂发生熔融的温度。即常温下是固体的热塑性树脂受热熔化成为液态(或称为熔融状态)时的温度。
在本发明中,术语“氟化处理”指的是对基体材料表面进行改性处理,以提高基体材料表面的氟元素含量、表面能。氟化处理可以使用本领域已知的方法进行,例如辐射接枝法、等离子体活化法、化学腐蚀法、静电喷涂法等。本发明并不限于上述方法,只要能使基体材料表面一定深度范围内含有适量氟元素的方法均可以用于本发明。
在本发明中,术语“粗糙化处理”指的是对基体材料的表面进行加工,使表面形成凹凸不平的结构,以提高基体材料的附着力。已知的粗糙化处理的方法都可以用于本发明,例如包括但不限于砂纸打磨、喷砂、化学刻蚀等。
本发明中,术语“表面粗糙度”指的是基体材料表面进行粗糙化处理后具有的较小间距和微小峰谷不平度。表面粗糙度越小,则表面越光滑。Ra是表面粗糙度的一种计量单位,称为轮廓算术平均偏差或称中心线平均值,它是轮廓上各点高度在测量长度范围内的算术平均值。本发明中的表面粗糙度Ra由表面粗糙度仪测得。
本发明中,术语“表面处理”指的是对基体材料表面进行处理,改善其表面活性,以提高基体材料的粘附性等。已知的能改善滑动层表面活性的处理方法都可用于本发明,例如包括但不限于化学改性处理、等离子体处理、电晕处理、火焰处理、激光辐射处理等。
下面结合附图描述本发明的优选实施方式。
图1示出了本发明滑动轴承的一个实施方式的分解截面图。在本实施方式中,本发明的滑动轴承包含支撑层101、粘结层102及滑动层103。其中,支撑层101含有第一表面101a及与第一表面101a相对的第二表面101b;粘结层102覆盖支撑层101,且粘结层102含有与支撑层101的第二表面101b相接触的第一粘结面102a及与所述第一粘结面102a相对的第二粘结面102b,第二粘结面102b进行了氟化处理,使粘结层102在第二粘结面102b一侧含有氟化处理层F;滑动层103覆盖粘结层102,滑动层103含有与粘结层102的第二粘结面102b相接触的第一面103a及与第一面103a相对的第二面103b。在本实施方式中,粘结层102主要由不含氟元素的热塑性树脂组成,并且对与滑动层103相接触的第二粘结面102b进行了氟化处理,形成的氟化处理层F提高了与滑动层103相接触的粘结层102表面的氟元素含量及表面能,进而提高了与聚四氟乙烯滑动层的相容性。与不进行氟化处理的粘结层相比,显著提高了粘结层102与滑动层103的粘结强度。并且,由于只对粘结层表面进行了氟化处理,相对于由含氟聚合物形成的粘结层相比,降低了使用成本,并且减少了对环境的不利影响。与本发明的图2所示的实施方式相比,由于本实施方式只对第二粘结面102b进行了氟化处理,相比于对粘结层的两个表面都进行氟化处理的情况,能在保持与滑动层的粘结强度的同时,进一步减低整体氟元素的含量,节省成本,减少环境影响。本实施方式中各层的组成及厚度等参数,将在下文进行具体描述。
图2示出了本发明滑动轴承的另一个实施方式的分解截面图。在本实施方式中,本发明的滑动轴承包含支撑层101、粘结层102及滑动层103。其中,支撑层101含有第一表面101a及与第一表面101a相对的第二表面101b;粘结层102覆盖支撑层101,且粘结层102含有与支撑层101的第二表面101b相接触的第一粘结面102a及与所述第一粘结面102a相对的第二粘结面102b,第一粘结面102a及第二粘结面102b均进行了氟化处理,使粘结层102在第一粘结面102a一侧及第二粘结面102b一侧均含有氟化处理层F;滑动层103覆盖粘结层102,滑动层103含有与粘结层102的第二粘结面102b相接触的第一面103a及与第一面103a相对的第二面103b。在本实施方式中,粘结层102主要由不含氟元素的热塑性树脂组成,并且对与粘结层102的两个表面进行了氟化处理,形成的氟化处理层F提高了与滑动层103相接触的粘结层102表面的氟元素含量及表面能,进而提高了与聚四氟乙烯滑动层的相容性。与不进行氟化处理的粘结层相比,显著提高了粘结层102与滑动层103的粘结强度。并且,由于只对粘结层表面进行了氟化处理,相对于由含氟聚合物形成的粘结层相比,降低了使用成本,并且减少了对环境的不利影响。相对于本发明图1所示的实施例,本实施例对粘结层的两个表面都进行了氟化处理,便于简化生产流程。本实施方式中各层的组成及厚度等参数,将在下文进行具体描述。
支撑层
本申请的支撑层101为金属。所述金属没有被特别加以限定,可以选自低碳钢、不锈钢、铝、铜或上述物质的合金。
支撑层101的第二表面101b可以经过粗糙化处理以增加支撑层101对粘结层102的附着力。粗糙化处理的方法没有被特别加以限定,优选地,可以使用砂纸打磨、喷砂、化学刻蚀等本领域已知的方法。支撑层101的第二表面101b经所述粗糙化处理后,表面粗糙度Ra没有被特别限定,优选地,Ra=0.1~10μm。更优选地,Ra=1~5μm。表面粗糙度Ra由表面粗糙度仪(Mitutoyo SJ-310)测得。
支撑层101的厚度没有被特别加以限定,可以根据实际需要进行设定,如0.1~2mm等。
粘结层
本申请的粘结层102为不含氟元素的热塑性树脂,此外,粘结层102还可以包含填充剂。
用于本发明粘结层102的不含氟元素的热塑性树脂没有被特别加以限定,只要其熔融温度(Tm)不高于330℃即可。热塑性树脂可以选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。从粘结性更好的角度考虑,优选地,热塑性树脂可以是乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。
用于本发明的粘结层102的填充剂可以包括接枝改性聚合物、无机粉体或上述两种物质的组合。接枝改性聚合物可以选自酸酐接枝聚乙烯、酸酐接枝聚丙烯、丙烯酸酯接枝聚丙烯中的一种或多种。无机粉体可以选自石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化硅中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,热塑性树脂在所述粘结层102中的质量含量为40~100%。在上述含量范围内,不仅粘结层102的粘结强度优良,并且粘结层薄膜的延展性好,有利于后续轴承的成型工艺。
粘结层102的厚度可以是0.005~0.1mm。优选地,粘结层102的厚度为0.02~0.06mm。粘结层102的厚度为0.005~0.1mm时,粘结强度优良,且成本较低。
对粘结层102进行氟化处理的方法没有被特别加以限定,可以使用本领域已知的氟化处理方法,优选的,可以采用以下方法:辐射接枝法、等离子体活化法、化学腐蚀法、静电喷涂法等。
粘结层102氟化处理层F的深度可以根据轴承的使用环境、粘结强度等自由设定,在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,氟化处理层F的深度为0.001~50μm。优选地,氟化处理层F的深度为0.1~15μm。氟化处理层F的深度为0.01~50μm时,粘结层102的粘结强度优良,且氟化工艺难度较低、成本较低。同样,粘结层102氟化处理层F的氟元素的相对原子浓度没有特别限定,只要能够提高粘结层与滑动层的相容性即可,在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,氟化处理层F的氟元素的相对原子浓度为1~80%。优选地,氟元素的相对原子浓度为5~52%。当氟元素的相对原子浓度为1~80%时,不仅粘结层102的粘结强度优良,并且成本较低、对环境的不利影响较小。本发明中氟化处理层F的深度及氟元素的相对原子浓度采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)的Ar刻蚀深度剖析得到。所用仪器即ESCALAB MK II型电子能谱仪(英国VG公司),以Mg Kɑ X射线作激发源(Ex能量:1253.6ec),仪器的功率为12KV×20mA,分析器透过能20eV。深度剖析用Ar刻蚀,真空度3×10-6mbAr,加速电压2.5KV,电流40μA。
滑动层
本发明的滑动层103的主要组成物质为聚四氟乙烯,其质量含量可以为本领域中的经验用量。在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,聚四氟乙烯的质量含量为20~100%。优选地,聚四氟乙烯的质量含量为60~90%。当所述滑动层103中聚四氟乙烯的质量含量为20~100%时,滑动层103的摩擦系数较小、耐磨性优良,且成本较低。
本发明的滑动层103还可以包含填充剂。填充剂没有被特别加以限定,可以选自固体润滑剂、耐磨改性剂、增强剂、聚合物或上述物质的混合物。固体润滑剂没有被特别加以限定,可以选自石墨、氟化石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二硫化钼、二硫化钨中的一种或多种。耐磨改性剂没有被特别加以限定,可以选自铜、铅、硫化铜、硫化锌、硫酸钡、硫化铁、氧化铬、氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅、氮化硅、氮化硼、玻璃微珠中的一种或多种。增强体没有被特别加以限定,可以选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种或多种。聚合物没有被特别加以限定,可以选自聚酰胺、聚苯酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物、四氟乙烯-全氟烷氧基乙烯基醚共聚物中的一种或多种。
在一个优选实施方案中,本发明的滑动层103的第一面103a预先经过表面处理以增加滑动层103对粘结层102的附着力。所述表面处理方法没有被特别限定,可以使用化学改性处理、等离子体处理、电晕处理、火焰处理、激光辐射处理。
滑动层103的厚度可以根据实际应用自由设定,例如所述厚度为0.01~10mm。优选地,厚度为0.1~1mm。当滑动层103的厚度为0.01~10mm时,滑动层103的使用寿命较长,其与粘结层102的粘结强度优良,且成本较低。
滑动轴承的制备
如图3所示,采用热压成型法对支撑层101、粘结层102、滑动层103进行加热加压来制备本发明的滑动轴承,具体如下:
①至少将粘结层102的第二粘结面102b进行所述氟化处理,形成氟化处理层F(未在图中示出);
②将粘结层102的第一粘结面102a置于支撑层101的第二表面101b之上;再将滑动层103的第一面103a置于氟化处理过的粘结层的第二粘结面102b之上,形成叠放组合物;
③对叠放组合物100进行加热加压;
④在加压状态下冷却叠放组合物100。
之后,使用本领域常规的成型方法将冷却的叠放组合物100制成滑动轴承。
可以根据本发明滑动轴承的各层组成、厚度以及需要的粘结强度等选择合适的热压参数(压力、温度、时间等)制备本发明的滑动轴承。并且上述热压参数的选择对于本领域技术人员来说是不需要付出创造性劳动的。
加压的压力可以为0.1~10MPa。优选地,加压的压力为0.5~2MPa。
加热的温度只要在热塑性树脂的熔融温度以上,且加热的温度不高于330℃即可。优选地,加热的温度不高于熔融温度30℃。更优选地,加热的温度不高于熔融温度10℃。
加热加压的时间可以为5~600s。优选地,加热加压的时间为10~150s。当加热加压的时间为5~600s时,粘结层和滑动层之间的粘结强度优良。
可以使用本领域常规的成型方法将上述将叠放组合物100制成滑动轴承,例如卷制成型等。
上述制备方法还可以包括对支撑层101的第二表面101b进行粗糙化处理,粗糙化处理的方法可以用本申请前文所述的任何方法。
上述制备方法还可以包括预先对滑动层103的第一面103a进行表面处理,处理方法可以用本申请前文所述的任何方法。
剥离强度测定
将所制得滑动轴承的基材100切割成10mm宽的条形样品,在20mm/min的速度、180°剥离角度的条件下将滑动层103与支撑层101剥离,通过电子万能试验机(三思 UTM5105)记录最大的剥离力并除以样品宽度得到剥离强度。
实施例
(实施例1)
按照上述实施例中的方法制备滑动轴承的基材,其中,
支撑层101为厚度为0.5mm的低碳钢板,支撑层101的第二表面101b经过粗糙化处理后的表面粗糙度Ra=2.0μm。
粘结层102为含有10%(质量含量)马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的聚丙烯薄膜,厚度为0.03mm,粘结层的第一粘结面102a及第二粘结面102b均经过氟化处理,氟化处理深度为2μm、含氟量为20%。
滑动层103为含有5%(质量含量)石墨的聚四氟乙烯膜,厚度为0.5mm,滑动层103的第一面103a经过萘钠处理。
所得到的滑动轴承支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为1.32N/mm。
(实施例2)
按照上述实施例中的方法制备滑动轴承的基材,其中,
支撑层101为厚度为0.5mm的低碳钢板,支撑层101的第二表面101b经过粗糙化处理后的表面粗糙度Ra=2.0μm。
粘结层102为热塑性聚苯硫醚薄膜,厚度为0.02mm,粘结层102的第二粘结面102b经过氟化处理,氟化处理深度为2μm、含氟量为10%。
滑动层103为含有5%(质量含量)二硫化钼和20%(质量含量)碳化硅的聚四氟乙烯膜,厚度为0.3mm,滑动层103的第一面103a经过萘钠处理。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为3.24N/mm。
(实施例3)
按照上述实施例中的方法制备滑动轴承的基材,其中,
支撑层101为厚度为0.25mm的低碳钢板,支撑层101的第二表面101b经过粗糙化处理后的表面粗糙度Ra=1.6μm。
粘结层102为热塑性聚苯硫醚薄膜,厚度为0.02mm,粘结层102的第二粘结面102b经过氟化处理,氟化处理深度为5μm、含氟量为22%。
其余与实施例2相同。所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为3.52N/mm。
(实施例4)
除了粘结层102的厚度为0.045mm、氟化处理深度为15μm、含氟量为19%外,其余与实施例3相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为3.10N/mm。
(实施例5)
除了粘结层102氟化处理深度为0.1μm、含氟量为5%外,其余与实施例3相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为2.84N/mm。
(实施例6)
除了粘结层102为含有2%石墨(质量含量)的聚酰胺-6-薄膜、厚度为0.045mm外,其余与实施例1相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为2.12N/mm。
(实施例7)
除了粘结层102为厚度为0.05mm、含有2%二氧化硅(质量含量)的热塑性聚氨酯薄膜外,其余与实施例1相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为3.53 N/mm。
(实施例8)
除了粘结层的含氟量为52%,其余与实施例1相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为1.54 N/mm。
(比较例1)
除了粘结层101的第一粘结面102a及第二粘结面102b均未经过氟化处理外,其余与实施例1相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为0.58N/mm。
(比较例2)
除了粘结层102的第一粘结面102a及第二粘结面102b均未经过氟化处理外,其余与实施例2相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为1.07N/mm。
(比较例3)
除了粘结层102为乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物,厚度为0.05mm,且未经表面氟化处理外,其余与实施例2相同。
所得到的滑动轴承的支撑层101和滑动层103之间的剥离强度为1.98N/mm。
各实施例和比较例整合显示于表1。
表1
通过上述实施例及比较例可以明显看出,本发明含有氟化处理层的粘结层与滑动层之间的粘结强度,与不进行氟化处理的粘结层相比,显著提高,并且与由含氟聚合物构成的粘结层相比,粘结强度相当或更优。本发明的滑动轴承在确保滑动层与支撑层的有效结合的前提下,所使用的粘结层为只在表面一定深度范围内含有适量氟元素的普通热塑性薄膜,相比使用价格昂贵的含氟聚合物作为粘结层,降低了使用成本;同时也实现了粘结层的低氟元素含量,减少了对环境的影响。同时,本发明的滑动轴承的制备方法简单,可应用于工业化生产。
Claims (19)
1.一种滑动轴承,包含:
支撑层,所述支撑层含有第一表面及与所述第一表面相对的第二表面;
粘结层,所述粘结层覆盖所述支撑层,所述粘结层含有与所述支撑层的所述第二表面相接触的第一粘结面及与所述第一粘结面相对的第二粘结面;
滑动层,所述滑动层覆盖所述粘结层,所述滑动层含有与所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面相接触的第一面及与所述第一面相对的第二面;
其特征在于:
所述粘结层包含不含氟元素的热塑性树脂,并且所述粘结层至少包含对所述第二粘结面进行氟化处理形成的氟化处理层;
所述滑动层包含聚四氟乙烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述粘结层还包括对所述第一粘结面进行氟化处理形成的氟化处理层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述氟化处理层的深度为0.001~50μm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述氟化处理层的深度为0.1~15μm。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述氟化处理层的氟元素的相对原子浓度为1~80%,所述氟元素的含量采用X射线光电子能谱仪分析得到。
6.根据权利要求5所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述氟元素的相对原子浓度为5~52%。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述热塑性树脂的熔融温度为330℃以下。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述热塑性树脂选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述热塑性树脂选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚苯硫醚中的一种或多种。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述热塑性树脂在所述粘结层中的质量含量为40~100%。
11.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述粘结层还包括第一填充剂,所述第一填充剂选自接枝改性聚合物、无机粉体或上述两种物质的组合,所述接枝改性聚合物选自酸酐接枝聚乙烯、酸酐接枝聚丙烯、丙烯酸酯接枝聚丙烯中的一种或多种,所述无机粉体选自石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二氧化硅中的一种或多种。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述粘结层的厚度为0.005~0.1mm。
13.根据权利要求13所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述粘结层的厚度为0.02~0.06mm。
14.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述聚四氟乙烯在所述滑动层中的质量含量为20~100%。
15.根据权利要求14所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述聚四氟乙烯在所述滑动层中的质量含量为60~90%。
16.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述滑动层还包括第二填充剂,所述第二填充剂选自固体润滑剂、耐磨改性剂、增强剂、聚合物或上述物质的混合物,所述固体润滑剂选自石墨、氟化石墨、石墨烯、碳纳米管、二硫化钼、二硫化钨中的一种或多种,所述耐磨改性剂选自铜、铅、硫化铜、硫化锌、硫酸钡、硫化铁、氧化铬、氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化硅、氮化硅、氮化硼、玻璃微珠中的一种或多种,所述增强体选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶、聚醚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维中的一种或多种,所述聚合物选自聚酰胺、聚苯酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物、四氟乙烯-全氟烷氧基乙烯基醚共聚物中的一种或多种。
17.根据权利要求1或2所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述滑动层的所述第一面为经过表面处理的表面。
18.根据权利要求17所述的滑动轴承,其特征在于:
所述表面处理包括化学改性处理、等离子体处理、电晕处理、火焰处理、激光辐射处理。
19.一种制备如权利要求1~18任一项所述的滑动轴承的方法,所述方法包括:
至少将所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面进行所述氟化处理;
将所述粘结层的所述第一粘结面置于所述支撑层的所述第二表面上,再将所述滑动层的所述第一面置于所述粘结层的所述第二粘结面上,形成叠放组合物;
对所述叠放组合物进行加热加压;
在加压状态下冷却所述叠放组合物。
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EP19177738.2A EP3674573B1 (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-31 | A sliding bearing and a method for manufacturing the same |
KR1020190065329A KR20200079409A (ko) | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-03 | 슬라이딩 베어링 및 이의 제조방법 |
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CN112092390A (zh) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-18 | 上海市轴承技术研究所 | 自润滑衬垫的制备方法及自润滑衬垫 |
CN113248852A (zh) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-13 | 北京石墨烯技术研究院有限公司 | 改性聚四氟乙烯复合材料及其制备方法和密封元件 |
CN113500834A (zh) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-10-15 | 中山新高电子材料股份有限公司 | 一种高剥离强度氟系柔性覆铜板及其制备方法 |
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CA3168253A1 (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-09-16 | Charles Terrell Williams | Bearings and components thereof comprising a hot-melt pressure sensitive adhesive and methods of their preparation |
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EP3674573B1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
US10871190B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 |
CN111365373B (zh) | 2024-07-12 |
US20200200219A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
EP3674573A1 (en) | 2020-07-01 |
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