CN111364536B - Excavator hydraulic system, excavator and excavator control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an excavator hydraulic system and an excavator control method of an excavator, and relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, wherein the excavator hydraulic system comprises: the oil supply assembly is respectively communicated with the rotary motor and the movable arm oil cylinder; the detection assembly is used for detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not and transmitting a detection signal to the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly to the rotary motor according to the detection signal. The excavator hydraulic system provided by the invention alleviates the technical problem of inconsistent compound actions of excavators in the related technology.

Description

Excavator hydraulic system, excavator and excavator control method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an excavator hydraulic system, an excavator and an excavator control method.

Background

An excavator, also known as a digging machine, is an earthmoving machine that uses a bucket to dig material above or below a load bearing surface and to load the material into a transport vehicle or unload the material to a stockyard. The materials excavated by the excavator mainly comprise soil, coal, silt, soil subjected to pre-loosening and rocks. In view of the development of construction machines in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and the excavator has become one of the most important construction machines in construction.

A movable arm main oil way and a rotary main oil way are arranged in a hydraulic system of the excavator, flow distribution of the movable arm main oil way and the rotary main oil way is realized in a fixed throttling mode, and the problem of incongruity often occurs in the composite actions of lifting and rotating of a movable arm of the excavator. When the movable arm is lifted to the highest position and cannot be lifted continuously, the flow in the rotary main oil way can be increased suddenly, the rotation is accelerated suddenly, the composite action is not coordinated, and danger is easy to occur when loading operation is carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hydraulic system of an excavator, which is used for relieving the technical problem of inconsistent compound actions of the excavator in the related art.

In a first aspect, the present invention provides an excavator hydraulic system comprising: the oil supply assembly is respectively communicated with the rotary motor and the movable arm oil cylinder;

the detection assembly is used for detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not and transmitting a detection signal to the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly to the rotary motor according to the detection signal.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the detection assembly includes a displacement sensor, which is installed at an outer end of the rod cavity of the boom cylinder and is in signal connection with the controller.

In combination with the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the detection assembly includes a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is mounted in a rodless cavity of the boom cylinder and is in signal connection with the controller.

With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the oil supply assembly includes a first main pump and a second main pump, the first main pump is respectively communicated with the swing motor and the boom cylinder, and the second main pump is communicated with the boom cylinder;

the controller is in signal connection with the first main pump and the second main pump respectively.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the boom cylinder includes a first boom cylinder and a second boom cylinder, the first main pump is communicated with the first boom cylinder and the second boom cylinder through a first lift oil path, and the second main pump is communicated with the first boom cylinder and the second boom cylinder through a second lift oil path.

With reference to the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the first lifting oil path is provided with a first directional valve, and the second lifting oil path is provided with a second directional valve.

With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the first main pump is communicated with the swing motor through a swing oil passage.

In combination with the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the rotary oil path is provided with a rotary reversing valve.

The invention provides an excavator in a second aspect, so as to relieve the technical problem of inconsistent compound actions of the excavator in the related art.

In a second aspect, the invention provides an excavator comprising the excavator hydraulic system provided in the first aspect.

The third aspect of the invention provides an excavator control method, which is used for relieving the technical problem of inconsistent composite actions of excavators in the related technology.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an excavator control method comprising:

detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not in the lifting process of the movable arm oil cylinder;

and when the piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position, the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly to the rotary motor is reduced.

The invention provides an excavator hydraulic system, an excavator and an excavator control method, wherein the excavator hydraulic system comprises: the oil supply assembly is respectively communicated with the rotary motor and the movable arm oil cylinder; the detection assembly is used for detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not and transmitting a detection signal to the controller, and the controller is used for controlling the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly to the rotary motor according to the detection signal. In the working process of the excavator, the detection assembly detects whether the piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not, when the piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position, the detection assembly transmits a detection signal to the controller, and the controller controls the oil supply assembly to reduce the oil supply amount to the rotary motor in unit time, so that the phenomenon that the rotation is suddenly accelerated due to the fact that the flow of hydraulic oil entering the rotary motor is suddenly increased is avoided, the coordination of the compound action of the excavator is improved, and the occurrence of dangerous conditions is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an excavator hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 100-an oil supply assembly; 110 — a first main pump; 120-a second main pump; 200-a rotary motor; 210-rotary oil path; 211-rotary reversing valve; 310-a first boom cylinder; 311-first lift oil path; 312-a first direction valve; 320-a second boom cylinder; 321-a second lift oil path; 322-a second reversing valve; 410-a displacement sensor; 500-a controller.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In a first aspect, an excavator hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the system comprises an oil supply assembly 100, a rotary motor 200, a movable arm oil cylinder, a detection assembly and a controller 500, wherein the oil supply assembly 100 is respectively communicated with the rotary motor 200 and the movable arm oil cylinder; the detection assembly is configured to detect whether a piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to a highest position, and transmit a detection signal to the controller 500, and the controller 500 is configured to control a displacement of the oil supply assembly 100 according to the detection signal.

Specifically, the detection assembly is disposed at the boom cylinder and is in signal connection with the controller 500. The controller 500 is in signal connection with the oil supply unit 100, and is configured to control an oil supply amount of the oil supply unit 100 to the rotary motor 200 according to a detection signal of the detection unit.

In some embodiments, the sensing assembly includes a displacement sensor 410, and the displacement sensor 410 is installed at an outer end of the boom cylinder rod chamber and is in signal connection with the controller 500.

The displacement sensor 410 is fixedly installed at an outer end of the rod chamber of the boom cylinder to detect a displacement amount of the piston rod. The displacement sensor 410 is in signal connection with the controller 500, and transmits the detected displacement of the piston rod to the controller 500 in real time.

When the piston rod moves to the highest position, the displacement amount of the piston rod is a constant value, and thus the maximum displacement amount of the piston rod can be set in the controller 500. In the process of lifting the piston rod of the boom cylinder, the displacement sensor 410 transmits the detected displacement of the piston rod to the controller 500 in real time, and when the detected displacement is equal to the set maximum displacement, it indicates that the piston rod moves to the highest position, and the controller 500 controls the displacement of the oil supply assembly 100 to be reduced, so that the phenomenon that the rotation is suddenly accelerated due to the suddenly increased flow of the hydraulic oil entering the rotation motor 200 is avoided, the coordination of the compound action of the excavator is improved, and the occurrence of dangerous situations is reduced.

As another embodiment, the sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor installed in a rodless chamber of the boom cylinder and in signal connection with the controller 500.

Specifically, the pressure sensor is fixedly installed in a rodless cavity of the boom cylinder and used for detecting the pressure in the rodless cavity. The controller 500 is in signal connection with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure value to the controller 500 in real time.

When the piston rod moves to the highest position, the pressure in the rodless cavity is a fixed value, so that the maximum pressure value of the rodless cavity can be set in the controller 500, in the lifting process of the piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder, the pressure sensor detects the pressure in the sensorless cavity in real time and transmits the detected pressure value to the controller 500, when the detected pressure value is equal to the set maximum pressure value, the piston rod moves to the highest position, and the controller 500 controls the displacement of the oil supply assembly 100 to be reduced, so that the phenomenon that the rotation is accelerated suddenly due to the fact that the flow of hydraulic oil entering the rotary motor 200 is increased suddenly is avoided, the coordination of the compound action of the excavator is improved, and the occurrence of dangerous situations is reduced.

As another embodiment, the sensing assembly includes a proximity switch mounted at the highest position of the movement of the piston rod and in signal connection with the controller 500, and a sensing plate. The detection plate is arranged at the upper end of the piston rod, and the detection plate can be driven to move together in the movement process of the piston rod.

When the piston rod drives the detection plate to move to the highest position, the detection plate triggers the proximity switch, the proximity switch transmits a signal to the controller 500, and the controller 500 controls the displacement of the oil supply assembly 100 to be reduced, so that the phenomenon that the rotation is accelerated suddenly due to the fact that the flow of hydraulic oil entering the rotary motor 200 is increased suddenly is avoided, the coordination of the compound action of the excavator is improved, and the dangerous situation is reduced.

Further, the oil supply assembly 100 includes a first main pump 110 and a second main pump 120, the first main pump 110 is respectively communicated with the swing motor 200 and the boom cylinder, and the second main pump 120 is communicated with the boom cylinder; the controller 500 is in signal communication with the first and second main pumps 110, 120, respectively.

Specifically, an oil inlet end of the first main pump 110 is communicated with an oil tank, and an oil outlet end of the first main pump 110 is communicated with the swing motor 200 and the boom cylinder, respectively. An oil inlet end of the second main pump 120 is communicated with an oil tank, and an oil outlet end of the second main pump 120 is communicated with a boom cylinder. The controller 500 is in signal communication with the first primary pump 110 to control the displacement of the first primary pump 110.

In the working process of the excavator, the first main pump 110 and the second main pump 120 cooperate to deliver hydraulic oil to the boom cylinder, so as to ensure the amount of oil entering the boom cylinder, and the first main pump 110 also delivers hydraulic oil to the swing motor 200 at the same time, so as to realize the operation of the swing motor 200, thereby realizing the swing operation of the excavator. When the detection assembly detects that the piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the highest position, the controller 500 controls the first main pump 110 to reduce the displacement of the first main pump 110, thereby preventing the sudden acceleration of the swing due to the sudden increase of the flow of the hydraulic oil entering the swing motor 200, improving the coordination of the compound actions of the excavator, and reducing the occurrence of dangerous situations.

Further, the boom cylinders include a first boom cylinder 310 and a second boom cylinder 320, the first main pump 110 is in communication with the first boom cylinder 310 and the second boom cylinder 320 through a first lift oil path 311, and the second main pump 120 is in communication with the first boom cylinder 310 and the second boom cylinder 320 through a second lift oil path 321.

The detection component is disposed at the first boom cylinder 310 or the second boom cylinder 320, and is configured to detect whether a piston rod of the first boom cylinder 310 or a piston rod of the second boom cylinder 320 moves to a highest position. When the boom is lifted, the first main pump 110 and the second main pump 120 simultaneously supply hydraulic oil to the rodless cavities of the first boom cylinder 310 and the second boom cylinder 320, the first boom cylinder 310 and the piston rod of the second boom cylinder 320 move synchronously, and the first boom cylinder 310 and the second boom cylinder 320 cooperate to lift the boom.

Further, the first lift oil path 311 is provided with a first direction change valve 312, and the second lift oil path 321 is provided with a second direction change valve 322.

Specifically, the first direction valve 312 and the second direction valve 322 are both three-position four-way valves. The first reversing valve 312 has a first reversing oil port, a second reversing oil port, a third reversing oil port, and a fourth reversing oil port, the first reversing oil port is communicated with the oil outlet end of the first main pump 110, the second reversing oil port is communicated with the oil tank, the third reversing oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity of the first boom cylinder 310 and the rodless cavity of the second boom cylinder 320, and the fourth reversing oil port is communicated with the rod cavity of the first boom cylinder 310 and the rod cavity of the second boom cylinder 320. The second reversing valve 322 has a fifth reversing oil port, a sixth reversing oil port, a seventh reversing oil port, and an eighth reversing oil port, the fourth reversing oil port is communicated with the oil outlet end of the second main pump 120, the fifth reversing oil port is communicated with the oil tank, the seventh reversing oil port is communicated with the rodless cavity of the first boom cylinder 310 and the rodless cavity of the second boom cylinder 320, and the eighth reversing oil port is communicated with the rod cavity of the first boom cylinder 310 and the rod cavity of the second boom cylinder 320.

When the boom needs to be lifted, the valve core of the first reversing valve 312 and the valve core of the second reversing valve 322 both work to the right position, and when the boom needs to be lowered, the valve core of the first reversing valve 312 and the valve core of the second reversing valve 322 both work to the left position. The flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the first lift oil path 311 is changed by the first direction changing valve 312, and the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the second lift oil path 321 is changed by the second direction changing valve 322, thereby controlling the movement state of the boom cylinder.

Further, the first main pump 110 communicates with the swing motor 200 through a swing oil passage 210.

As shown in fig. 1, the swing oil path 210 is communicated with the oil outlet end of the first main pump 110 and the swing motor 200, respectively, and the hydraulic oil output from the first main pump 110 may enter the swing motor 200 through the swing oil path 210, thereby driving the swing motor 200 to operate.

Further, the rotation oil path 210 is provided with a rotation direction change valve 211.

Specifically, the rotary reversing valve 211 is a three-position four-way valve, the rotary reversing valve 211 has a first rotary oil port, a second rotary oil port, a third rotary oil port and a third rotary oil port, the first rotary oil port is communicated with an oil outlet of the first main pump 110, the second rotary oil port is communicated with an oil tank, and the third rotary oil port is communicated with the fourth rotary oil port to uniformly rotate the motor 200. When the spool of the swing direction valve 211 is operated to the left position, the swing motor 200 is rotated in the first direction, and when the spool of the swing direction valve 211 is operated to the right position, the swing motor 200 is rotated in the second direction. The direction of the flow of the hydraulic oil in the swing oil path 210 is changed by the swing direction change valve 211 to control the swing direction of the swing motor 200, thereby controlling the swing direction of the excavator.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an excavator is provided, and the excavator includes the excavator hydraulic system.

A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an excavator control method, where the excavator control method provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not in the lifting process of the movable arm oil cylinder; the oil supply amount of the oil supply unit 100 to the swing motor 200 is reduced when the piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the uppermost position.

Specifically, during the lifting process of the boom cylinder, the displacement sensor 410 may detect the displacement of the piston rod of the boom cylinder, and transmit the detected displacement to the controller 500 in real time. When the piston rod moves to the highest position, the controller 500 controls the oil supply unit 100 to reduce the amount of oil supplied to the swing motor 200, thereby preventing the swing from being suddenly accelerated due to the sudden increase of the flow rate entering the swing motor 200, improving the coordination of the compound action of the excavator, and reducing the occurrence of dangerous situations.

The embodiment of the invention provides an excavator hydraulic system, an excavator and an excavator control method, wherein the excavator hydraulic system comprises: the system comprises an oil supply assembly 100, a rotary motor 200, a movable arm oil cylinder, a detection assembly and a controller 500, wherein the oil supply assembly 100 is respectively communicated with the rotary motor 200 and the movable arm oil cylinder; the detection assembly is used for detecting whether a piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the highest position and transmitting a detection signal to the controller 500, and the controller 500 is used for controlling the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly 100 to the rotary motor 200 according to the detection signal. In the working process of the excavator, the detection assembly detects whether the piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the highest position, when the piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the highest position, the detection assembly transmits a detection signal to the controller 500, and the controller 500 controls the oil supply assembly 100 to reduce the oil supply amount to the rotary motor 200 in unit time, so that the phenomenon that the rotation is suddenly accelerated due to the sudden increase of the flow of hydraulic oil entering the rotary motor 200 is avoided, the coordination of the compound action of the excavator is improved, and the occurrence of dangerous conditions is reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An excavator hydraulic system, comprising: the oil supply device comprises an oil supply assembly (100), a rotary motor (200), a movable arm oil cylinder, a detection assembly and a controller (500), wherein the oil supply assembly (100) is respectively communicated with the rotary motor (200) and the movable arm oil cylinder;

the detection assembly is used for detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not and transmitting a detection signal to the controller (500), and the controller (500) is used for controlling the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly (100) to the rotary motor (200) according to the detection signal;

the detection assembly comprises a proximity switch and a detection plate, the proximity switch is mounted at the highest movement position of the piston rod and is in signal connection with the controller, the detection plate is mounted at the upper end of the piston rod, and the detection plate can be driven to move together in the movement process of the piston rod;

the oil supply assembly (100) includes a first main pump (110) and a second main pump (120), the first main pump (110) being in communication with the swing motor (200) and the boom cylinder, respectively, the second main pump (120) being in communication with the boom cylinder; the controller (500) is in signal connection with the first main pump (110) and the second main pump (120), respectively; the first main pump (110) is communicated with the rotary motor (200) through a rotary oil path (210); the rotary oil path (210) is provided with a rotary reversing valve (211);

the boom cylinders include a first boom cylinder (310) and a second boom cylinder (320), and the first main pump (110) is communicated with the first boom cylinder (310) and the second boom cylinder (320) through a first lift oil path (311); the first lifting oil way (311) is provided with a first reversing valve (312).

2. The excavator hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein the second main pump (120) communicates with the first boom cylinder (310) and the second boom cylinder (320) through a second lift oil passage (321).

3. The excavator hydraulic system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second lift oil passage (321) is provided with a second direction change valve (322).

4. An excavator comprising an excavator hydraulic system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. An excavator control method, wherein the excavator is the excavator according to claim 4, the control method comprising:

detecting whether a piston rod of the movable arm oil cylinder moves to the highest position or not in the lifting process of the movable arm oil cylinder;

when a piston rod of the boom cylinder moves to the highest position, the oil supply amount of the oil supply assembly (100) to the rotary motor (200) is reduced.

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