CN111363556A - Iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111363556A CN111363556A CN202010225962.2A CN202010225962A CN111363556A CN 111363556 A CN111363556 A CN 111363556A CN 202010225962 A CN202010225962 A CN 202010225962A CN 111363556 A CN111363556 A CN 111363556A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer, a preparation method and application thereof. The method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer comprises the following steps: (1) crushing the cellulose material to obtain cellulose powder; (2) mixing the cellulose powder, an iron salt solution and a cerium salt solution, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain a first mixed material; (3) mixing the first mixed material with ammonia water and stirring to obtain a second mixed material; (4) and drying the second mixed material to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer. The iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer has the advantages of simple preparation process, no toxicity, easy operation, high product yield, high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environment, in particular to an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Arsenic is a trace element which is widely pure in nature, has the characteristics and properties of various metalloids, and mainly exists in nature in four valence states of negative trivalent, zero valent, trivalent and pentavalent. With the development of industry and agriculture, the environmental arsenic pollution caused by human activities is more and more serious, about 10 percent of cultivated land in China is polluted by heavy metal with different degrees, and the area of the cultivated land polluted by arsenic accounts for more than 30 percent of the total pollution area. As arsenic is a protogenic poison, it has a very broad range of biological effects and can produce toxicity by interacting with sulfhydryl groups in enzymes or proteins and increasing reactive oxygen species in cells as a result of cell damage. The accumulation of arsenic in soil not only affects the growth and development of animals and plants and damages the types and the quantity of soil microorganisms, but also can finally enter human bodies through food chains to threaten the life health of human beings.
The natural cellulose substrate has the characteristics of micropores, capillaries, large specific surface area and the like, and cellulose molecules contain a large amount of hydroxyl groups, which provides conditions for the natural cellulose substrate to be used as a stabilizer. By modifying cellulose molecules, functional groups with specific adsorption performance aiming at different heavy metals are introduced into the molecules of the cellulose, so that the cellulose has a targeting function and more high adsorption groups, and the adsorption capacity on target pollutants is improved.
The oxides and rare earth salts of rare earth elements have good capability of adsorbing anions and cations, the development and application of a novel adsorbent taking the rare earth elements as main adsorption components have gained attention at home and abroad, but the research on the rare earth elements as soil stabilization and restoration agents is less and is mostly in the research stage. Cerium (Ce) is the element with the largest resource amount and the highest abundance in rare earth elements. Cerium (Ce) has the characteristics of 4f orbitals which are not filled with electrons, lanthanide series contraction and the like, shows unique chemical properties, and data show that cerium hydroxide (also called hydrated cerium oxide) has excellent selective adsorption effects on fluorine, As (III) and As (V). However, the existing rare earth modified soil stabilizer and the preparation method thereof still need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer has the advantages of simple preparation process, no toxicity, easy operation, high product yield, high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like.
In one aspect of the invention, a method for preparing an iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises: (1) crushing the cellulose material to obtain cellulose powder; (2) mixing the cellulose powder, an iron salt solution and a cerium salt solution, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain a first mixed material; (3) mixing the first mixed material with ammonia water and stirring to obtain a second mixed material; (4) and drying the second mixed material to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer.
The method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the steps of firstly crushing cellulose materials (such as wood chips and the like), then mixing the obtained cellulose powder with ferric salt solution and cerium salt solution and carrying out ball milling, further refining the cellulose powder under the action of the ball milling, mixing reactants more uniformly, further exposing hydroxyl groups in the cellulose powder, combining the hydroxyl groups with iron and cerium more easily, and enabling the soil stabilizer to obtain higher active component loading capacity. And subsequently, reacting with alkali liquor and drying, and stably combining iron and cerium on the cellulose carrier in the form of oxides to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer product. Therefore, the method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer according to the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of simple process, no toxicity, easy operation and high product yield, and the prepared soil stabilizer has the advantages of high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like.
In addition, the method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer according to the above embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the cellulosic material is a lignocellulosic material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cellulosic material is wood chips.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cellulosic material comprises at least one selected from pine wood chips, eucalyptus wood chips, maple wood chips, elm wood chips, beech wood chips.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cellulose powder has an average particle size of 0.25 to 1.00 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the iron salt is ferric nitrate nonahydrate and the cerium salt is cerium trichloride heptahydrate.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the cellulose powder, the iron salt and the cerium salt is 100 (72.14-216.43) to (26.59-79.78).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the ball milling process is performed at a rotation speed of 200 to 300r/min for 30 to 60 min.
In some embodiments of the invention, the stirring treatment is performed at 20-40 r/min for 60-90 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the drying treatment is performed at 40 to 80 ℃.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer. According to the embodiment of the invention, the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is prepared by the method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer in the embodiment. Therefore, the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer has the advantages of high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like.
In a further aspect of the invention, the invention provides the use of the iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer of the above examples in the treatment of arsenic-containing soil. The iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer provided by the invention has the advantages of high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like. The soil stabilizer is applied to the treatment of arsenic-polluted soil, and can efficiently remove arsenic in the soil. Meanwhile, the soil stabilizer adopts cellulose as an active component carrier, and arsenic-polluted soil is treated by the soil stabilizer, so that crops can be returned to the field, and secondary pollution is avoided. Therefore, the soil stabilizer is easier to industrialize and industrialize.
In some embodiments of the invention, the water content of the arsenic-containing soil is 20-40%.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for preparing an iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the iron cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer prepared in example 5.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In one aspect of the invention, a method for preparing an iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer is provided. Referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the invention, the method comprises:
s100: crushing treatment
In this step, the cellulose material is subjected to a crushing treatment to obtain cellulose powder. The cellulose material is used as a carrier of active components in the soil adsorbent, the raw material of the carrier is agricultural waste, the source is wide, the price is low, the environment is friendly, and the prepared soil stabilizer is beneficial to returning crops to the field in application and does not generate secondary pollution.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cellulosic material may be a lignocellulosic material. The lignocellulose structure is loose and porous, and is more suitable to be used as a cellulose carrier raw material.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cellulose material may be wood chips.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cellulose material may include at least one selected from pine wood chips, eucalyptus wood chips, maple wood chips, elm wood chips, and beech wood chips.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cellulose powder has an average particle size of 0.25 to 1.00mm, such as 0.25mm, 0.50mm, 0.75mm, 1.00mm, and the like. By crushing the cellulose material into powder with the granularity range, the specific surface area of the cellulose powder can be further improved, the loading of iron and cerium components on a cellulose carrier is further facilitated, and the active component capacity of the soil stabilizer is improved.
S200: ball milling treatment
In the step, cellulose powder, an iron salt solution and a cerium salt solution are mixed and subjected to ball milling treatment to obtain a first mixed material. By ball milling the cellulose powder, the cellulose can be further refined, the reactants are mixed more uniformly, the hydroxyl in the cellulose is further exposed and is more easily combined with iron and cerium, and the soil stabilizer obtains higher active component loading capacity. In addition, according to the embodiment of the invention, other raw materials except the cellulose powder, the ferric salt solution and the cerium salt solution are not introduced in the ball milling treatment, so that the loading capacity of the active components of the cellulose carrier can be improved and the capacity of the active components of the cellulose carrier can be improved while the introduction of impurities in the process is reduced. Furthermore, the prepared soil stabilizer can effectively reduce the arsenic content in soil with a lower addition amount.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the iron salt is ferric nitrate nonahydrate and the cerium salt is cerium trichloride heptahydrate.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the cellulose powder, the iron salt, and the cerium salt may be 100 (72.14-216.43) to (26.59-79.78). Specifically, the iron salt solution can be prepared by dissolving 72.14-216.43 g of ferric nitrate nonahydrate in 250mL of deionized water, and the cerium salt solution can be prepared by dissolving 26.59-79.78 g of cerous trichloride heptahydrate in 250mL of deionized water. Further, 100g of the cellulose powder, 250mL of the iron salt solution and 250mL of the cerium salt solution were mixed to obtain a mixture having the above-mentioned mass ratio of the cellulose powder, the iron salt and the cerium salt. The inventor finds in research that the arsenic stabilizing efficiency of the soil stabilizer and the stability of the treatment effect can be further improved by adopting the material proportion.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the ball milling process can be performed at a rotation speed of 200 to 300r/min for 30 to 60 min. Specifically, the ball milling speed can be 200r/min, 225r/min, 250r/min, 275r/min, 300r/min and the like, and the ball milling time can be 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min and the like. By carrying out ball milling treatment under the conditions, the refining of cellulose can be further facilitated, reactants are mixed more uniformly, hydroxyl in the reactants is further exposed and is more easily combined with iron and cerium, and the loading capacity of active components of a cellulose carrier is improved.
S300: stirring treatment
In the step, the first mixed material and ammonia water are mixed and stirred to obtain a second mixed material. Therefore, under the alkaline condition, the iron and the cerium are converted into hydroxides and are more stably loaded on the cellulose carrier. Specifically, ammonia water with a mass fraction of 20% can be adopted, and the amount of ammonia water can be 80-200 g for the amount of iron salt and cerium salt.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stirring process can be performed at 20-40 r/min for 60-90 min. Specifically, the stirring speed can be 20r/min, 25r/min, 30r/min, 35r/min, 40r/min and the like, and the stirring time can be 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min and the like. This can further improve the effect of supporting iron and cerium on the cellulose carrier.
S400: drying treatment
In the step, the second mixed material is dried to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer. Therefore, the water in the material can be removed, the iron and the cerium are converted into oxides, and the iron and the cerium are loaded on the cellulose carrier in the form of the oxides to obtain the cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer product.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drying process may be performed at 40 to 80 ℃, for example, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, etc. By performing the drying treatment under the above conditions, it is possible to effectively remove moisture in the material and convert iron and cerium into oxides.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer. According to the embodiment of the invention, the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is prepared by the method for preparing the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer in the embodiment. Therefore, the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer has the advantages of high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like.
In a further aspect of the invention, the invention provides the use of the iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer of the above examples in the treatment of arsenic-containing soil. The iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer provided by the invention has the advantages of high arsenic stabilizing efficiency, large adsorption capacity, stable treatment effect and the like. The soil stabilizer is applied to the treatment of arsenic-polluted soil, and can efficiently remove arsenic in the soil. Meanwhile, the soil stabilizer adopts cellulose as an active component carrier, and arsenic-polluted soil is treated by the soil stabilizer, so that crops can be returned to the field, and secondary pollution is avoided. Therefore, the soil stabilizer is easier to industrialize and industrialize.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the water content of the arsenic-containing soil may be 20 to 40%, preferably 30%. By controlling the water content in the arsenic-containing soil to be treated within the range, the performance of the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer can be further exerted, and the removal rate of arsenic in the soil is further improved.
The invention will now be described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting in any way.
Example 1
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
after the wood chips are subjected to impurity removal, the wood chips are crushed by a plant crusher to obtain wood chip powder with the particle size of 0.25 mm. 72.14g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 79.78g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder and the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 200 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 20r/min for 90min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 1 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil can reach 62.22 percent.
Example 2
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
removing impurities from sawdust, and pulverizing the sawdust by a plant pulverizer to obtain sawdust powder with particle size of 0.50 mm. 144.28g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 53.19g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder, the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 60min at the rotating speed of 250 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40r/min for 60min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 3 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil can reach 66.74 percent.
Example 3
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
after the wood chips are subjected to impurity removal, the wood chips are crushed by a plant crusher to obtain wood chip powder with the particle size of 1.00 mm. 216.43g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 26.59g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder, the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and ball-milling for 90min at the rotating speed of 300 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 30r/min for 30min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 5 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil can reach 73.53 percent.
Example 4
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
after the wood chips are subjected to impurity removal, the wood chips are crushed by a plant crusher to obtain wood chip powder with the particle size of 0.25 mm. 144.28g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 79.78g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder, the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 250 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40r/min for 90min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 3 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil is 77.78 percent.
Example 5
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
removing impurities from sawdust, and pulverizing the sawdust by a plant pulverizer to obtain sawdust powder with particle size of 0.50 mm. 216.43g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 79.78g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder, the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 60min at the rotating speed of 300 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 40r/min for 60min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose, wherein a scanning electron microscope image of the product is shown in figure 2.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 5 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil can reach 89.14 percent.
Example 6
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
after the wood chips are subjected to impurity removal, the wood chips are crushed by a plant crusher to obtain wood chip powder with the particle size of 1.00 mm. 72.14g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 26.59g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder, the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 30min at the rotating speed of 300 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 30r/min for 90min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 40 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 1 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil can reach 60.03 percent.
Example 7
Preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer:
after the wood chips are subjected to impurity removal, the wood chips are crushed by a plant crusher to obtain wood chip powder with the particle size of 0.25 mm. 216.43g of iron nitrate nonahydrate and 53.19g of cerium trichloride heptahydrate were weighed and dissolved in 250mL of water, respectively, to obtain an iron nitrate solution and a cerium trichloride solution. Weighing 100g of sawdust powder, putting 100g of sawdust powder and the prepared ferric nitrate solution and cerium trichloride solution into a ball mill, and carrying out ball milling for 60min at the rotating speed of 200 r/min. And after ball milling is finished, separating the materials from the balls, putting the materials into a high-stirring dispersion machine, slowly adding 100g of ammonia water with the mass fraction of 20% under a stirring state, and stirring at the rotating speed of 20r/min for 60min to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose. And (3) placing the wet iron-cerium modified cellulose material in a forced air drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to obtain the arsenic-containing soil stabilizer loaded with the iron-cerium bimetallic oxide modified cellulose.
Preparing simulated soil:
and (3) respectively taking the arsenic-contaminated soil (the total arsenic content is 500-1000 mg/kg) and the clean soil which is not contaminated by arsenic, air-drying, grinding and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve. Compounding the arsenic-containing polluted soil and clean soil, adding water for wetting (the water content is 10-15%), aging for 14 days to obtain the total arsenic content in the soil reaching 160mg/kg, filling the prepared soil into plastic pots, and filling 1000g of soil into each pot.
And (3) determination of arsenic removal rate:
an experimental group and a control group are respectively arranged, and 3 wt% of iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is added into soil of the experimental group. After the stabilizer and the soil are fully and uniformly mixed, a proper amount of deionized water is added into a plastic basin to keep the soil moist (the water content is 30%), the plastic basin is placed at room temperature for culture, and the deionized water is periodically added during the culture to keep the soil moist. After the soil is stabilized for 14 days, the content of effective arsenic in the soil is measured by a sodium dihydrogen phosphate method, and the removal rate of the iron-cerium modified cellulose stabilizer on the arsenic-containing soil is 77.78 percent.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing the cellulose material to obtain cellulose powder;
(2) mixing the cellulose powder, an iron salt solution and a cerium salt solution, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain a first mixed material;
(3) mixing the first mixed material with ammonia water and stirring to obtain a second mixed material;
(4) and drying the second mixed material to obtain the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cellulosic material is a lignocellulosic material;
optionally, the cellulosic material comprises at least one selected from pine wood chips, eucalyptus wood chips, maple wood chips, elm wood chips, beech wood chips.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose powder has an average particle size of 0.25 to 1.00 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the iron salt is ferric nitrate nonahydrate and the cerium salt is cerium trichloride heptahydrate.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the cellulose powder, the iron salt and the cerium salt is 100 (72.14-216.43) to (26.59-79.78).
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ball milling treatment is performed at a rotation speed of 200 to 300r/min for 30 to 60 min.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring treatment is performed at 20 to 40r/min for 60 to 90 min.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying treatment is performed at 40 to 80 ℃.
9. An iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer, characterized in that, the iron and cerium modified cellulose soil stabilizer is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the iron cerium modified cellulosic soil stabilizer of claim 9 in the treatment of arsenic-containing soil;
optionally, the water content of the arsenic-containing soil is 20-40%.
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