CN111362514B - Anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system and method - Google Patents
Anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362514B CN111362514B CN202010255866.2A CN202010255866A CN111362514B CN 111362514 B CN111362514 B CN 111362514B CN 202010255866 A CN202010255866 A CN 202010255866A CN 111362514 B CN111362514 B CN 111362514B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/303—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by the nitrification
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/307—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency advanced treatment system for anaerobic fermentation liquor, which mainly comprises: anaerobic fermentation unit, biological charcoal unit and denitrogenation unit. The biochar unit adopts a three-stage series mode, and can enrich organic matters in fermentation liquor; the biochar with saturated adsorption can realize biochar biological in-situ regeneration through valve switching, and meanwhile, degradable organic matters are further converted into productivity. When the biochar is completely adsorbed and saturated and cannot be regenerated, an anaerobic fermentation unit can be added as an electron transfer medium to enhance the anaerobic fermentation efficiency; the denitrification unit adopts a semi-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the anaerobic fermentation unit is used as a pH buffer. The invention has the advantages that: the anaerobic fermentation liquid can be efficiently and deeply treated, organic matters are further enriched and produced, and ammonia nitrogen is converted to generate nitrogen; the biochar can be recycled for multiple times, and is green and economical; the system has low operation energy consumption and can greatly reduce the treatment cost of the fermentation liquor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling treatment, and particularly relates to an anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system.
Background
The anaerobic fermentation process can convert solid waste into energy gas, can relieve energy shortage and global climate change, can treat solid pollutants, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, less residual sludge and energy recovery. However, the ammonia nitrogen concentration cannot be reduced by the process, and only the ammonia nitrogen is transferred into the fermentation liquor. The anaerobic fermentation liquor contains a large amount of incompletely degraded organic matters besides high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, and has high turbidity and poor biodegradability, and the C/N of the anaerobic fermentation liquor is usually less than 3. If the fermentation liquor is directly discharged, a new environmental pollution problem is caused. The fermentation liquid is treated by nitrification-denitrification process, A/A/O method, MBR process, etc. Because the C/N of the fermentation liquor is low, a large amount of organic carbon sources are required to be additionally added in the traditional nitrification-denitrification process, the treatment cost is higher, and the treatment effect is unstable. The A/A/O method has good treatment effect, but also needs to add a carbon source, needs aeration and oxygenation and has high operation cost. The MBR process has the characteristics of small occupied area and microorganism interception, but has the biggest defects of high membrane manufacturing cost, easy membrane pollution caused by flux attenuation, inevitable and complex recovery. If a chemical method such as an ozone oxidation method, a Fenton reagent method or an electrochemical oxidation method is adopted, although a certain removal effect is achieved, the chemical method is difficult to popularize and use due to the problems of high reagent cost, high energy consumption and the like. If the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is directly used for treatment, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria are sensitive to organic matters and are not beneficial to the growth of flora. Therefore, how to realize the low-cost advanced treatment of the anaerobic fermentation liquid is a problem to be solved urgently for the large-scale industrial application of the anaerobic fermentation system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system which can realize high-efficiency advanced treatment of anaerobic fermentation liquid, further enrich organic matters in capacity and convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen; the biochar is recycled for many times, so that the method is green and economical; the system has low operation energy consumption and can greatly reduce the treatment cost of the fermentation liquor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system comprises an anaerobic fermentation unit, a biochar unit and a denitrification unit, wherein the feed sequentially passes through the anaerobic fermentation unit, the biochar unit and the denitrification unit; one path of a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit enters a first-stage biochar unit through a pipeline with a valve, the other path of the biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit is connected with a denitrification unit through a main pipe with a valve, and a liquid outlet of each stage of biochar unit is connected to the main pipe through a branch pipe with a valve.
The denitrification unit adopts a semi-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the pH buffer is used in the anaerobic fermentation unit.
The anaerobic fermentation unit is an external or internal dynamic membrane bioreactor.
The membrane material of the dynamic membrane bioreactor adopts a nylon net or a stainless steel net with the aperture of 50-200 mu m.
The biochar is prepared from solid waste, and the solid waste comprises sawdust, excess sludge, straws or cow dung.
The multi-stage serial mode of the biochar unit is that three tanks are connected in series, when the tank I is saturated in adsorption, a valve of the tank I is switched to regenerate, and fermentation liquor directly enters the tank II and the tank III; after the regeneration of the pool I is finished, the pool I is connected with the pool III in series; and when the adsorption of the pool II is saturated, the process is carried out.
The invention also provides an anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment method, the feed sequentially passes through an anaerobic fermentation unit, a biochar unit and a denitrification unit, the biochar unit adopts a multi-stage series mode, liquid outlets of all stages of biochar units are connected in parallel to a connecting main pipe of a biogas liquid outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit and an inlet of the denitrification unit, whether all stages of biochar units are in adsorption saturation is monitored in the process, when a certain stage of biochar unit is in adsorption saturation, biogas liquid discharged from the anaerobic fermentation unit stops entering the biochar unit through a pipeline and valve control, and directly enters series structures of other biochar units, so that biochar in the biochar unit is regenerated, and after the regeneration is finished, the biochar in the stage of biochar unit is merged into the series structures. The biochar with saturated adsorption can realize biochar biological in-situ regeneration through valve switching, and meanwhile, degradable organic matters are further converted into productivity.
After treatment is started, the first-stage biochar unit is saturated by adsorption, the first-stage biochar unit is switched to be regenerated, biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation unit directly enters the next biochar units at all stages, after the first-stage biochar unit is regenerated, the secondary biochar unit is switched to be regenerated, biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation unit directly enters a series structure formed by the first-stage biochar unit, the third-stage biochar unit and the next biochar units at all stages, and after the secondary biochar unit is regenerated, the steps are carried out in sequence.
When the biochar in a certain level of biochar unit cannot be regenerated, new biochar is replaced, and the biochar which is saturated in adsorption and cannot be regenerated is added into the anaerobic fermentation unit to serve as an electron transfer medium to strengthen the anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
The adding amount of the biochar which is saturated in adsorption and cannot be regenerated in the anaerobic fermentation unit is less than 10-15 g/L.
The denitrification unit adopts a half-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the effluent part is used as a pH buffer in the anaerobic fermentation unit, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the biogas slurry entering the denitrification unit is controlled at 420-560mg/L, and the pH in the anaerobic fermentation unit is controlled at 7.0-8.5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Can realize the efficient advanced treatment of anaerobic fermentation liquor, further enrich organic matters for capacity, and convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrogen.
(2) The biochar can be recycled for many times, and is green and economical.
(3) The system has low operation energy consumption and can greatly reduce the treatment cost of the fermentation liquor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in figure 1, the advanced treatment system for anaerobic fermentation liquid comprises an anaerobic fermentation unit, a biochar unit and a denitrification unit, wherein the anaerobic fermentation unit can adopt an external or internal dynamic membrane bioreactor which is made of a nylon net or a stainless steel net with the pore diameter of 50-200 mu m. The biochar in the biochar unit is prepared from solid wastes such as wood chips, excess sludge, straws or cow dung. The anaerobic fermentation unit is internally provided with a solid-liquid separation unit for solid-liquid separation.
The biochar unit adopts a 3-level series mode, and can enrich organic matters in fermentation liquor; one path of a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit enters the first-stage biochar unit through a pipeline with a valve, the other path of the biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit is connected with the denitrification unit through a main pipe with a valve, and a liquid outlet of each stage of biochar unit is connected to the main pipe through a branch pipe with a valve. The biochar with saturated adsorption can realize in-situ regeneration of biochar organisms through valve switching, and meanwhile, degradable organic matters are further converted into capacity; when the biochar is completely adsorbed and saturated and cannot be regenerated, an anaerobic fermentation unit can be added as an electron transfer medium to enhance the anaerobic fermentation efficiency; the denitrification unit adopts a semi-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the anaerobic fermentation unit is used as a pH buffer.
In the advanced treatment method of the anaerobic fermentation liquid, the feed is sequentially treated by the anaerobic fermentation unit, the biochar unit and the denitrification unit.
After treatment is started, the primary biochar unit is saturated in adsorption, the primary biochar unit is switched to regenerate through pipeline and valve control, biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation unit stops entering the primary biochar unit and directly enters each stage of biochar unit behind, after the primary biochar unit is regenerated, the secondary biochar unit is switched to regenerate, the biogas slurry in the anaerobic fermentation unit directly enters a series structure formed by the primary biochar unit and the third biochar unit, and after the secondary biochar unit is regenerated, the process is carried out according to the method. The biochar with saturated adsorption can realize biochar biological in-situ regeneration through valve switching, and meanwhile, degradable organic matters are further converted into productivity.
When the biochar in a certain stage of biochar unit cannot be regenerated, replacing new biochar, and adding the biochar which is saturated in adsorption and cannot be regenerated into an anaerobic fermentation unit to serve as an electron transfer medium to enhance the anaerobic fermentation efficiency, wherein the adding amount is less than 10-15 g/L.
The denitrification unit adopts a half-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the effluent part is used as a pH buffer in the anaerobic fermentation unit, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the biogas slurry entering the denitrification unit is controlled at 420-560mg/L, and the pH in the anaerobic fermentation unit is controlled at 7.0-8.5.
Claims (5)
1. An anaerobic fermentation liquid advanced treatment system comprises an anaerobic fermentation unit, a biochar unit and a denitrification unit, wherein feeding sequentially passes through the anaerobic fermentation unit, the biochar unit and the denitrification unit, and is characterized in that the biochar unit adopts a multistage series connection mode and can enrich organic matters in fermentation liquid, one path of a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit enters the first-stage biochar unit through a pipeline with a valve, the other path of the biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit is connected with the denitrification unit through a main pipe with a valve, and a liquid outlet of each stage of biochar unit is connected to the main pipe through a branch pipe with a valve; the anaerobic fermentation unit and all the biochar units produce biogas, biochar biological in-situ regeneration is realized by switching the biochar with saturated adsorption through a valve, and meanwhile, degradable organic matters are further converted into capacity; when the biochar is completely adsorbed and saturated and cannot be regenerated, adding an anaerobic fermentation unit as an electron transfer medium to strengthen the anaerobic fermentation efficiency; the denitrification unit adopts a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is regulated before the effluent part flows back to the denitrification unit or the effluent part is used as a pH buffer in the anaerobic fermentation unit, the anaerobic fermentation unit is a built-in dynamic membrane bioreactor, and the membrane material of the dynamic membrane bioreactor adopts a nylon net or a stainless steel net with the aperture of 50-200 mu m.
2. The anaerobic fermentation broth deep treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the biochar is prepared from solid waste, and the solid waste comprises wood chips, excess sludge, straws or cow dung.
3. An anaerobic fermentation liquid deep treatment method is characterized in that the biochar unit adopts a multi-stage series mode, liquid outlets of all stages of biochar units are connected in parallel to a connecting main pipe of a biogas slurry outlet of the anaerobic fermentation unit and an inlet of a denitrification unit, whether all stages of biochar units are saturated in adsorption is monitored in the process, when a certain stage of biochar unit is saturated in adsorption, biogas slurry out of the anaerobic fermentation unit stops entering the biochar unit through pipeline and valve control, the biogas slurry directly enters series structures of other biochar units, biochar in the biochar unit is regenerated, the biochar is merged into the series structures after regeneration is finished, after treatment is started, the first stage biochar unit is saturated in adsorption, and the first stage biochar unit is switched to be regenerated, the biogas slurry of the anaerobic fermentation unit directly enters the following biochar units at all levels, the secondary biochar units are switched to regenerate after the regeneration of the primary biochar unit is completed, the biogas slurry of the anaerobic fermentation unit directly enters a series structure consisting of the primary biochar unit and the third and subsequent biochar units at all levels, when the regeneration of the secondary biochar unit is completed, the process is carried out according to the above steps, when the biochar in a certain level of biochar unit cannot be regenerated, new biochar is replaced, and the biochar which is saturated in adsorption and cannot be regenerated is added to the anaerobic fermentation unit to serve as an electron transfer medium to strengthen the anaerobic fermentation efficiency.
4. The method for deeply treating the anaerobic fermentation liquid as claimed in claim 3, wherein the addition amount of the biochar which is saturated in adsorption and cannot be regenerated in the anaerobic fermentation unit is less than 10-15 g/L.
5. The advanced treatment method for anaerobic fermentation broth as claimed in claim 3, wherein the denitrification unit employs a semi-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and the effluent part is refluxed to the denitrification unit to control the ammonia nitrogen concentration or the anaerobic fermentation unit is used as a pH buffer, wherein the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the biogas slurry entering the denitrification unit is controlled at 420-560mg/L, and the pH in the anaerobic fermentation unit is controlled at 7.0-8.5.
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| CN103058461A (en) * | 2013-01-02 | 2013-04-24 | 北京工业大学 | Municipal sewage partial nitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation denitrification method capable of enhancing energy recuperation |
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| CN106186514A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-12-07 | 清华大学 | The ecological toilet system that lavatory sewage as resource is processed |
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