CN111359579A - Preparation method of antibacterial diatomite wall material - Google Patents

Preparation method of antibacterial diatomite wall material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111359579A
CN111359579A CN202010242452.6A CN202010242452A CN111359579A CN 111359579 A CN111359579 A CN 111359579A CN 202010242452 A CN202010242452 A CN 202010242452A CN 111359579 A CN111359579 A CN 111359579A
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mass
wall material
parts
diatomite
antibacterial
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张雨璨
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/14—Diatomaceous earth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial diatomite wall material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) 80-93 parts by mass of diatomite, 5-10 parts by mass of alkaline earth metal oxide, 1-5 parts by mass of binder and 1-5 parts by mass of pore-enlarging agent are mixed at a high speed according to the proportion; (b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 50-80 ℃, and slowly dropwise adding ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture; (c) and sintering the slurry mixture at a high temperature and crushing to obtain the wall material. According to the method, the diatomite is modified, so that the prepared diatomite has strong adsorption capacity and a sterilization effect.

Description

Preparation method of antibacterial diatomite wall material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an antibacterial diatomite wall material.
Background
The diatomite wall material (or named diatom ooze and diatom ooze wall material) is a powdery functional wall surface painting material prepared by taking diatomite as a main material and matching with various other inorganic mineral materials and functional additives through a certain production process. As a novel interior wall finishing material appearing in the building material market in recent years, compared with traditional mainstream interior wall finishing materials such as emulsion paint and wallpaper, the diatomite wall material has the functions of humidity regulation, antibiosis, mildew prevention, air purification, fire prevention, flame retardation, heat preservation, heat insulation and the like, and has no environmental pollution, safety and safety from the material composition aspect, meets the requirement of circular economy, meets the development trend of paint, and has very good application prospect.
The diatomite wall material has multiple functionalities, and is the main characteristic of being different from the common coating. The diatomite wall materials in the prior art mainly comprise the following components: 1. a large amount of rubber powder-cured diatomaceous earth was used. The middle rubber powder of the diatomite wall material can block the micropores of the diatoms, so that the diatoms lose the humidity adjusting function, and therefore, the diatomite wall material is easy to mildew in a humid environment and has poor flame retardant effect when encountering fire. The diatomite wall material is easy to identify: spraying water to the wall surface by using a watering can, wherein the sprayed water flows quickly; then the mixture is burnt by a flame gun, and black smoke and peculiar smell can be generated. 2. Clay-based solidified diatomaceous earth. The diatomite wall material has the characteristics of reduction into mud when meeting water, strong humidity adjusting capability and good fireproof performance. However, the diatomite wall material has low surface strength, is easy to pulverize, and cannot be used in a particularly humid environment.
The indoor air pollution phenomenon is widely existed in various closed buildings such as living rooms at present, and severe indoor air brings serious harm to human health. The world environment held in Washington in 1997 indicates that indoor air pollution is more severe than outdoor air pollution. The problem of indoor air pollution is highly regarded in many countries of the world, and research work on indoor environment quality has been conducted in europe, north america, japan, and the like from the 20 th century to the 80 th century.
The dust floating in the air can carry a large amount of bacteria, so when the diatomite is used for purifying the air dust, if the diatomite has a certain antibacterial property, the air quality is greatly improved, and the diatomite is beneficial to body health.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of low price, simple preparation, and adsorption capacity and sterilization effect on indoor polluted gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an antibacterial diatomite wall material, which modifies diatomite to enable the prepared diatomite to have strong adsorption capacity and a sterilization effect.
The invention provides a preparation method of an antibacterial diatomite wall material, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 80-93 parts by mass of diatomite, 5-10 parts by mass of alkaline earth metal oxide, 1-5 parts by mass of binder and 1-5 parts by mass of pore-enlarging agent are mixed at a high speed according to the proportion;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 50-80 ℃, and slowly dropwise adding ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) and sintering the slurry mixture at a high temperature and crushing to obtain the wall material.
Further, the sintering temperature is 500-600 ℃.
Further, the alkaline earth metal oxide is one or more of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide.
Further wherein the binder is bentonite and/or acid clay.
Further, the pore-expanding agent is one or a mixture of ammonium carbonate, methyl cellulose and sesbania powder.
Further, the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is 25 mass%, and the amount of the aqueous ammonia solution added is 5 to 10 parts by mass.
Further, the molar concentration of the silver nitrate in the mixed water solution is 0.2-0.5mol/L, and the molar concentration of the lanthanum nitrate is 0.02-0.05 mol/L.
The invention also provides a method for purifying indoor air, which uses the prepared antibacterial diatomite wall material. The diatomite wall material is used for the wall surface coating through a conventional method, and has the effects of purifying air and sterilizing.
The sintering temperature is 500-600 ℃. The purpose of high temperature is to decompose the rare earth complex to form metal oxide, which is further combined with the carrier diatomite, thereby increasing the loading capacity and enhancing the adsorption capacity. Meanwhile, the pore-expanding agent and other residual substances in the molecular sieve powder can be decomposed, the diameter of the pore passage is increased, and the specific surface area is increased.
The alkaline earth metal may comprise one or more of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide. The alkaline earth metal oxide has the function of providing enough hydroxyl groups, and after the alkaline earth metal oxide is compounded with diatomite, the alkaline earth metal oxide can fully absorb harmful gas small molecules such as formaldehyde and the like which react with the hydroxyl groups based on the hydroxyl-rich structure.
After ammonia water is added, silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate react to form silver hydroxide sol, the silver hydroxide sol is decomposed into nano silver oxide under the high-temperature condition, and the nano silver oxide sol is fully compounded with diatomite powder to form a nano silver oxide coating on the surface. The nano silver oxide can play an antibacterial role and kill harmful bacteria in the air. Meanwhile, the lanthanum nitrate can also form nano lanthanum oxide, and the nano lanthanum oxide has a broader spectrum light excitation effect and can further activate the sterilization effect of the nano silver oxide. The amount of lanthanum nitrate should not be too much, and too much will have a slight radioactivity, preferably at a molar concentration of 0.02-0.05 mol/L.
The raw materials of the invention are simple and easy to obtain, the preparation process is simple and convenient, the industrial production can be realized by using conventional equipment, the requirements on reaction conditions and formula proportion are low, and the invention is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
According to the preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material, the diatomite is modified, so that the prepared diatomite has strong adsorption capacity and a sterilization effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples. The scope of the invention is set forth in the claims.
The preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 80-93 parts by mass of diatomite, 5-10 parts by mass of alumina, 1-5 parts by mass of bentonite and 1-5 parts by mass of sesbania powder are mixed at a high speed according to the proportion;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of 0.2-0.5mol/L silver nitrate and 0.02-0.05mol/L lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 50-80 ℃, and slowly dripping 5-10 parts by mass of 25 mass% ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) sintering the slurry mixture at the sintering temperature of 500-600 ℃, and crushing to obtain the wall material.
Diatomaceous earth was diatomaceous earth C499 available from heshi wall chemical industry.
Example 1
The preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 86 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of alumina, 3 parts of bentonite and 3 parts of sesbania powder by mass are mixed at a high speed according to the proportion;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of 0.3mol/L silver nitrate and 0.03mol/L lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 65 ℃ and slowly dropwise adding 8 parts by mass of 25 mass% ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) and sintering the slurry mixture at the sintering temperature of 550 ℃, and crushing to obtain the wall material.
Example 2
The preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 93 parts by mass of diatomite, 5 parts by mass of alumina, 1 part by mass of bentonite and 1 part by mass of sesbania powder are mixed at a high speed according to the mixture ratio;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of 0.2mol/L silver nitrate and 0.02mol/L lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 80 ℃ and slowly dropwise adding 10 parts by mass of 25 mass% ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) and sintering the slurry mixture at the sintering temperature of 600 ℃, and crushing to obtain the wall material.
Example 3
The preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 80 parts by mass of diatomite, 10 parts by mass of alumina, 5 parts by mass of bentonite and 5 parts by mass of sesbania powder are mixed at a high speed according to the mixture ratio;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of 0.5mol/L silver nitrate and 0.05mol/L lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 50 ℃, and slowly dropwise adding 5 parts by mass of 25 mass% ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) and sintering the slurry mixture at the sintering temperature of 500 ℃ and then crushing to obtain the wall material.
Comparative example 1
The test was performed directly using diatomaceous earth.
Comparative example 2
Prepared according to the method of example 1 except that no metal oxide is added.
Comparative example 3
Prepared according to the method of example 1 except that lanthanum nitrate was not added.
Comparative example 4
Prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the lanthanum nitrate concentration is 0.1 mol/L.
Comparative example 5
Prepared according to the method of example 1, except that no silver nitrate was added.
Comparative example 6
Prepared according to the method of example 1, except that the concentration of silver nitrate is 1 mol/L.
Comparative example 7
The preparation was carried out in accordance with the procedure of example 1, by directly adding an aqueous ammonia solution to the mixture in step 2, and then calcining and pulverizing the mixture.
Adsorption measurement of the adsorbent:
the method for testing the adsorption capacity of the adsorbing material to toluene and formaldehyde comprises the steps of respectively introducing toluene gas and formaldehyde gas in a nitrogen bubbling mode in a 1 cubic meter glass box until the concentration of harmful gas is 100ppm, adding 1g of adsorbing material to be tested, and adsorbing until the adsorbing material is saturated, namely, achieving adsorption balance, wherein the toluene and formaldehyde gas is not continuously introduced during the period.
And (3) carrying out tests according to GB/T21510-.
The results are as follows
TABLE 1 measurement results
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4 Comparative example 5 Comparative example 6 Comparative example 7
Adsorption Rate/(ppm/h) 87 83 80 51 71 77 72 73 79 67
Adsorption capacity/(ppm) 457 442 438 319 411 413 427 413 431 382
Antibacterial rate 98 97 95 15 87 72 97 55 98 73
According to the results of the performance test, comparative example 1 and comparative example 1,
in comparative example 2, it was found that the adsorption material further supported with a metal oxide can increase the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity by a certain amount and promote the improvement of antibacterial properties. Comparing example 1 with comparative examples 3 and 4, it is found that the antibacterial rate can be significantly improved by introducing lanthanum element, but the performance is not further improved by excessive loading lanthanum element. Comparing example 1 with comparative examples 5 and 6, it is found that the antibacterial rate can be remarkably improved by introducing silver element, but the performance is not further improved by excessive silver element loading. Comparing example 1 and comparative example 7, slowly dropwise add aqueous ammonia and heat reaction 4 hours, can let the load of silver and lanthanum more fully even to improve synergistic bactericidal effect, and have and let the combined material more even more fine and close, thereby improve adsorption rate and adsorption capacity.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments thereof, but is to be understood as being modified in all respects, all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The preparation method of the antibacterial diatomite wall material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) 80-93 parts by mass of diatomite, 5-10 parts by mass of alkaline earth metal oxide, 1-5 parts by mass of binder and 1-5 parts by mass of pore-enlarging agent are mixed at a high speed according to the proportion;
(b) soaking the mixed powder into 100 parts by mass of mixed aqueous solution of silver nitrate and lanthanum nitrate, continuously stirring at 50-80 ℃, and slowly dropwise adding ammonia water solution for 4 hours to form slurry-like mixture;
(c) and sintering the slurry mixture at a high temperature and crushing to obtain the wall material.
2. The method for preparing the antibacterial diatomite wall material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sintering temperature is 500-600 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the antibacterial diatomite wall material according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline earth metal oxide is one or more of calcium oxide, aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide.
4. The method of making an antimicrobial diatomaceous earth wall material of claim 1, wherein the binder is bentonite and/or acid clay.
5. The method for preparing the antibacterial diatomite wall material according to claim 1, wherein the pore-enlarging agent is one or a mixture of ammonium carbonate, methylcellulose and sesbania powder.
6. The method for producing an antibacterial diatomaceous earth wall material according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the aqueous ammonia solution is 25 mass%, and the amount of the aqueous ammonia solution added is 5 to 10 parts by mass.
7. The method for preparing the antibacterial diatomite wall material according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of silver nitrate in the mixed aqueous solution is 0.2-0.5mol/L, and the molar concentration of lanthanum nitrate is 0.02-0.05 mol/L.
8. A method for purifying indoor air using the antibacterial diatomite wall material prepared according to claims 1-7.
CN202010242452.6A 2020-03-31 2020-03-31 Preparation method of antibacterial diatomite wall material Pending CN111359579A (en)

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CN109364580A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-02-22 江苏三元环保科技有限公司 A kind of filter cloth and preparation method thereof with antibacterial functions
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郑苗等: ""硅藻泥涂料抗菌防霉性能的检测研究"", 《轻工科技》, vol. 34, pages 36 *
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