CN111358915A - 一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111358915A
CN111358915A CN202010279977.7A CN202010279977A CN111358915A CN 111358915 A CN111358915 A CN 111358915A CN 202010279977 A CN202010279977 A CN 202010279977A CN 111358915 A CN111358915 A CN 111358915A
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邓邦莉
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸1‑3份,胎盘1‑5份,灵芝1‑5份,龙骨1‑5份,骨碎补1‑5份,千年健1‑5份,荆芥2‑4份,海桐皮2‑6份,藏红花1‑5份,桃仁2‑6份,乳没2‑5份,当归1‑5份,透骨草1‑5份,伸筋草1‑5份,稀莶草3‑5份,三菱1‑3份,石决明2‑6份,益母草1‑5份,血竭1‑5份,川牛膝2‑6份,怀牛膝2‑6份,红藤2‑6份,鸡血藤1‑4份,姜黄2‑5份,威灵仙2‑5份。本发明的治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,生肌活血,舒筋活络,软坚散结,同时扶正固本,补气血、强筋骨,显著提高了先天性肌性斜颈的治疗效果和效率。此外具有透疹、消疮和祛湿的作用,使用过程安全无副作用。

Description

一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,具体是一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
斜颈,俗称“歪脖”,是由于一侧颈部肌肉发生痉挛或颈椎发育畸形导致患者的头部向一侧歪斜引起的疾病,常伴有不同程度的颈部活动受限。本病包括先天性肌性斜颈、先天性骨性斜颈和痉挛性斜颈三种,其中又以先天性斜颈为主。而在先天性斜颈中,先天性肌性斜颈则是最常见的斜颈类型,小儿多见,是由于患侧胸锁乳突肌的紧张、痉挛或纤维化所致,部分患儿伴有颈项肌群以及斜方肌的发育不良。
目前先天性肌性斜颈的治疗方法主要分为保守治疗和手术治疗,其中保守治疗包括中药治疗、针灸治疗和推拿治疗等。中药治疗小儿肌性斜颈多为局部外用中药,目前其形式多为中药穴位外敷,还有中药膏剂外涂、中药药油外擦等。中药有效成分可通过皮肤吸收,进入体内循环或作用于皮肤局部产生药效,也可通过经穴效应发挥药效,达到治疗的目的。
赵桂香等报道采用赵氏自拟方(药用桑枝10g,桂枝10g,鸡血藤10g,伸筋草20g,丹参10g,红花10g)热敷治疗小儿肌性斜颈60例,痊愈83%,总有效率98.3%。何玉华等报道采用何氏自拟方(当归15g,红花15g,伸筋草30g,路路通10g,透骨草30g,五加皮10g)热敷治疗小儿先天性肌性斜颈28例,痊愈85.71%,好转14.29%,总有效率100%。蔡硙等报道采用蔡氏自拟方(红花10,三棱10,羌活10,独活10,土鳖虫10,络石藤15,路路通15,伸筋草20,苏木20)热敷治疗小儿肌性斜颈56例,痊愈91.1%,总有效率100%。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供了一种新的治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药及其制备方法,其治疗效果好,见效快,安全无副作用。
本发明的目的主要通过以下技术方案实现:
一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸1-3份,胎盘1-5份,灵芝1-5份,龙骨1-5份,骨碎补1-5份,千年健1-5份,荆芥2-4份,海桐皮2-6份,藏红花1-5份,桃仁2-6份,乳没2-5份,当归1-5份,透骨草1-5份,伸筋草1-5份,稀莶草3-5份,三菱1-3份,石决明2-6份,益母草1-5份,血竭1-5份,川牛膝2-6份,怀牛膝2-6份,红藤2-6份,鸡血藤1-4份,姜黄2-5份,威灵仙2-5份。
优选地,所述中药原料的重量份为:鹿茸2份,胎盘3份,灵芝3份,龙骨3份,骨碎补2份,千年健4份,荆芥3份,海桐皮5份,藏红花2份,桃仁4份,乳没3份,当归3份,透骨草4份,伸筋草4份,稀莶草5份,三菱2份,石决明3份,益母草4份,血竭4份,川牛膝5份,怀牛膝4份,红藤3份,鸡血藤2份,姜黄3份,威灵仙4份。
一种上述治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,将鹿茸,胎盘,荆芥,海桐皮,红花,桃仁,乳没,当归,透骨草,伸筋草,稀莶草,三菱,石决明,益母草,血竭,川牛膝,怀牛膝,红藤,鸡血藤,姜黄,威灵仙按重量份切碎或切片后混合,加入1-5倍水,煎煮1-4次,每次10-30min;
S2,收集煎煮液,过滤,合并滤液得敷液。
优选地,步骤S1中,加入3倍水煎煮。
优选地,步骤S1中,煎煮次数为2-3次。
本发明的中药组分的药性特点如下:
鹿茸:味甘咸,性温,壮元阳,补气血,益精髓,强筋骨。胎盘:味甘咸,性温,补肾益精,益气养血。灵芝,性温,味淡,滋补强壮。龙骨,性平,味涩甘,镇心安神,平肝潜阳,固涩,收敛。骨碎补,性温,味苦,续伤止痛、补肾强骨。千年健,味苦辛,性温,祛风湿,壮筋骨。荆芥:味辛,性微温,解表散风,透疹,消疮。海桐皮:性平,味苦辛,祛风湿、通经络、止痛。藏红花:味甘,性平,活血化瘀,散郁开结。桃仁:味苦甘,性平,活血祛瘀,润肠通便,止咳平喘。乳没:味辛苦,性微温,活血行气止痛、消肿生肌。当归:味甘辛,性温,补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。透骨草:味辛,性温,祛风除湿,舒筋活血,散瘀消肿,解毒止痛。伸筋草:味苦、微辛,性温,祛风除湿,舒筋活络。稀莶草:味苦辛,性寒,祛风湿,通经络,清热解毒。三菱:味辛苦,性平,消积止痛,破血行气。石决明:味咸,性平,平肝潜阳,除热,明目。益母草:味苦辛,性微寒,活血调经,利尿消肿,清热解毒。血竭:味甘咸,性平,活血定痛,化瘀止血,敛疮生肌。川牛膝:味甘、微苦,性平,逐瘀通经,通利关节,利尿通淋。怀牛膝:味苦酸,性平,补肝肾,强筋骨,活血通经,引火下行,利尿通淋。红藤:味苦,性平,活血通络,败毒散瘀,祛风杀虫。鸡血藤:味苦甘,性温,活血补血,调经止痛,舒筋活络。姜黄:味辛苦,性温,破血行气,痛经止痛。威灵仙:味辛咸,性温,祛风湿,通经络。
中医学认为,先天性肌性斜颈是由于颈部经筋受损,淤血留滞,聚而不散,致使经筋挛缩引起。本发明中,以骨碎补、千年健、藏红花、桃仁、乳没、透骨草、伸筋草、三菱、川牛膝、怀牛膝、红藤和姜黄为君药,八药合用起到生肌活血、舒筋活络、软坚散结的功效,主治先天性肌性斜颈肌群痉挛和发育不良之因;鹿茸、胎盘、灵芝、龙骨、当归、益母草、石决明和鸡血藤共为臣药,起到补气补血和强筋骨的作用,辅助君药作用于肌群生长和修复;荆芥、海桐皮、血竭、稀莶草和威灵仙共为佐使药,起到透疹、消疮和祛湿的作用,用以消除敷液在湿敷和热敷过程中对患侧皮肤的影响。
本发明有益效果在于:生肌活血,舒筋活络,软坚散结,同时利用万物都要生长的原理,为颈项胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌等肌群的生长提供营养,扶正固本,补气血、强筋骨,从而使得颈项自然生长矫正,显著提高了先天性肌性斜颈的治疗效果和效率。此外具有透疹、消疮和祛湿的作用,使用过程安全无副作用。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中:
图1为本发明试验例的治疗组和对照组的临床疗效比较表。
图2为本发明试验例的治疗组和对照组的治愈疗程比较表。
图3为本发明试验例的治疗组和对照组的皮肤副作用比较表。
具体实施方式
本发明包括一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸1-3份,胎盘1-5份,灵芝1-5份,龙骨1-5份,骨碎补1-5份,千年健1-5份,荆芥2-4份,海桐皮2-6份,藏红花1-5份,桃仁2-6份,乳没2-5份,当归1-5份,透骨草1-5份,伸筋草1-5份,稀莶草3-5份,三菱1-3份,石决明2-6份,益母草1-5份,血竭1-5份,川牛膝2-6份,怀牛膝2-6份,红藤2-6份,鸡血藤1-4份,姜黄2-5份,威灵仙2-5份,中药原料具体份量可根据患儿情况和治疗情况等酌情选择。
下面通过一些具体实施例对本发明技术方案作进一步的说明,为明确说明起见,许多实务上的细节将在以下叙述中一并说明。
实施例1:
一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸2份,胎盘3份,灵芝3份,龙骨3份,骨碎补2份,千年健4份,荆芥3份,海桐皮5份,藏红花2份,桃仁4份,乳没3份,当归3份,透骨草4份,伸筋草4份,稀莶草5份,三菱2份,石决明3份,益母草4份,血竭4份,川牛膝5份,怀牛膝4份,红藤3份,鸡血藤2份,姜黄3份,威灵仙4份,1g为1重量份。
上述治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1,将鹿茸,胎盘,荆芥,海桐皮,红花,桃仁,乳没,当归,透骨草,伸筋草,稀莶草,三菱,石决明,益母草,血竭,川牛膝,怀牛膝,红藤,鸡血藤,姜黄,威灵仙按重量份切碎或切片后混合,加入1-5倍水,煎煮1-4次,每次10-30min;
S2,收集煎煮液,过滤,合并滤液得敷液。
优选地,步骤S1中,加入3倍水煎煮。
优选地,步骤S1中,煎煮次数为2-3次。
实施例2:
一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸1份,胎盘1份,灵芝1份,龙骨1份,骨碎补1份,千年健1份,荆芥2份,海桐皮2份,藏红花1份,桃仁2份,乳没2份,当归1份,透骨草1份,伸筋草1份,稀莶草3份,三菱1份,石决明2份,益母草1份,血竭1份,川牛膝2份,怀牛膝2份,红藤2份,鸡血藤1份,姜黄2份,威灵仙2份, 1g为1重量份。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3:
一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸3份,胎盘5份,灵芝5份,龙骨5份,骨碎补5份,千年健5份,荆芥4份,海桐皮6份,藏红花5份,桃仁6份,乳没5份,当归5份,透骨草5份,伸筋草5份,稀莶草5份,三菱3份,石决明6份,益母草5份,血竭5份,川牛膝6份,怀牛膝6份,红藤6份,鸡血藤4份,姜黄5份,威灵仙5份, 1g为1重量份。
本实施例的制备方法同实施例1。
试验例:
为进一步验证本发明对于治疗先天性肌性斜颈的疗效,下面以实施例1至实施例3的中药分别作为治疗组1至3的用药,以现有治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药组合物(赵氏自拟方、何氏自拟方、蔡氏自拟方)作为对照组1至3的用药,通过对比试验来验证本发明提供的中药对治疗先天性肌性斜颈的具体疗效:
1、一般资料
本次临床研究共调查患儿120例,随机分为治疗组1至3和对照组1至3。其中治疗组1为19例,男孩7例,女孩12例;治疗组2为25例,男孩14例,女孩11例;治疗组3为20例,男孩11例,女孩9例;对照组1为21例,男孩10例,女孩11例;对照组2为16例,男孩9例,女孩7例;对照组3为19例,男孩8例,女孩11例。
2、收治标准
2.1诊断标椎
根据《小儿外科学》(施成仁等主编,人民卫生出版社,2009年,第4版)制定,临床表现:头颈歪斜,生后两周左右颈部包块;体格检查:头向患侧歪斜,下颌转向健侧,患侧胸锁乳突肌增粗挛缩或触及条索感;辅助检查:双侧胸锁乳突肌超声检查,颈椎X线摄片;其他专科检查:症状不典型时要排除眼形和骨性斜颈。
2.2纳入标椎
符合上述诊断标准,年龄在1个月至10岁。
2.3排除标椎
皮肤易过敏体质及对多种药物过敏者,患侧皮肤破损者。
3、试验方法
3.1药物组成
治疗组1至3和对照组1至3分别采用其对应的中药组合物。
3.2使用方法
按本发明的中药的制备方法分别制得治疗组1至3、对照组1至3的敷液,待敷液温度晾至接近正常皮肤温度时,用棉方巾浸药汁后热敷于患侧胸锁乳突肌部位,每次20min,每日两次,10天为一个疗程。
3.3日常护理
日常配合推拿治疗,拇指按揉患侧胸锁乳突肌3至5分钟,拇指直推患侧胸锁乳突肌5至7次,三指拿患侧胸锁乳突肌3至5次,拇指按揉患侧斜方肌1至2分钟,向健侧斜扳2至3次。
4、试验效果
4.1疗效标椎
痊愈:颈部姿势正常,头无偏歪,胸锁乳突肌肿块完全消失或挛缩恢复正常,颈部左右转动正常。好转:颈部姿势接近正常,胸锁乳突肌肿块明显缩小或挛缩基本消除,颈部转动接近正常。无效:经上述治疗6个月后,症状体征无明显改善。
4.2皮肤副作用标椎
无副作用:无红斑,无瘙痒感;较小副作用:勉强可见红斑,有轻微瘙痒感;较大副作用:明显可见红斑,有明显的瘙痒感。
4.3治疗结果
治疗组1至3和对照组1至3的疗效比较表见图1所示,治疗组1的治愈率(94.74%)明显高于对照组1至3(分别为80.95%、87.5%和89.47%),治疗组2(治愈率为92%)和治疗组3(治愈率为90%)亦然。
治疗组1至3和对照组1至3的治愈疗程比较表见图2所示,治疗组1的治愈例中治愈时间在1至2个疗程和3至4个疗程的占比之和(94.45%)明显高于对照组1至3(分别为70.59%、78.57%和82.35%),治疗组2(86.96%)和治疗组3(88.89%)亦然。
治疗组1至3和对照组1至3的皮肤副作用比较表见图3所示,治疗组1中,治疗时间不小于3个疗程的病例中无皮肤副作用的占比(88.89%)明显高于对照组1至3(分别为76.19%、75%和83.33%),其无产生较大皮肤副作用的病例,治疗组2(84%)和治疗组3(84.21)亦然。
上述试验例结果说明,本发明的中药可以有效治愈和改善先天性肌性斜颈,且相较于现有治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药组合物,本发明的中药能够显著提高临床疗效,见效快,安全无副作用。
上述方式中未述及的部分采取或借鉴已有技术即可实现。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施方式只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的技术方案下得出的其他实施方式,均应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,为外敷方药,其特征在于,由以下重量份的中药原料制成敷液:鹿茸1-3份,胎盘1-5份,灵芝1-5份,龙骨1-5份,骨碎补1-5份,千年健1-5份,荆芥2-4份,海桐皮2-6份,藏红花1-5份,桃仁2-6份,乳没2-5份,当归1-5份,透骨草1-5份,伸筋草1-5份,稀莶草3-5份,三菱1-3份,石决明2-6份,益母草1-5份,血竭1-5份,川牛膝2-6份,怀牛膝2-6份,红藤2-6份,鸡血藤1-4份,姜黄2-5份,威灵仙2-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药,其特征在于,所述中药原料的重量份为:鹿茸2份,胎盘3份,灵芝3份,龙骨3份,骨碎补2份,千年健4份,荆芥3份,海桐皮5份,藏红花2份,桃仁4份,乳没3份,当归3份,透骨草4份,伸筋草4份,稀莶草5份,三菱2份,石决明3份,益母草4份,血竭4份,川牛膝5份,怀牛膝4份,红藤3份,鸡血藤2份,姜黄3份,威灵仙4份。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的治疗先天性肌性斜颈的中药的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1,将鹿茸,胎盘,荆芥,海桐皮,红花,桃仁,乳没,当归,透骨草,伸筋草,稀莶草,三菱,石决明,益母草,血竭,川牛膝,怀牛膝,红藤,鸡血藤,姜黄,威灵仙按重量份切碎或切片后混合,加入1-5倍水,煎煮1-4次,每次10-30min;
S2,收集煎煮液,过滤,合并滤液得敷液。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,加入3倍水煎煮。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,煎煮次数为2-3次。
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