CN111354527A - High-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111354527A CN111354527A CN202010265764.9A CN202010265764A CN111354527A CN 111354527 A CN111354527 A CN 111354527A CN 202010265764 A CN202010265764 A CN 202010265764A CN 111354527 A CN111354527 A CN 111354527A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
- H01F1/26—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated by macromolecular organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
- H01F41/0246—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength metal soft magnetic composite material coated with glass phase added silane and a preparation method thereof. The process of silane-glass phase co-cladding metal adopted by the invention can generate a silane layer and a glass phase insulation cladding layer on the surface of the metal soft magnetic particles, can greatly improve the bending strength performance of the material, has low loss, high magnetic conductivity and high magnetic induction strength, and can be applied to switch power supplies, motor magnetic cores, charger magnetic cores, transformer magnetic cores and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a soft magnetic composite material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-strength metal soft magnetic composite material coated with silane added to a glass phase and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Magnetic materials are widely applied to the fields of electronics, computers and communication, and seriously affect our lives. At present, the magnetic powder core has relatively high magnetic flux density, good temperature stability and mechanical impact adaptability, so that the magnetic powder core is widely applied to micromotors, inductive devices, quick driving and pulse transformers in the fields of aviation, automobiles, household appliances and the like. However, the traditional magnetic material also has some disadvantages in the use process, when the working frequency of the motor is increased, the eddy current loss generated on the silicon steel sheet is rapidly increased, so that the heating of the motor is rapidly increased, and the efficiency of the motor is obviously reduced. In order to reduce the heat generated by the loss of the high-frequency motor, a novel green energy-saving material is developed to be used as a core of the electric equipment to replace a silicon steel sheet, and the efficiency of the motor is improved urgently. In addition, with the development of electronic components and electronic devices, electrical appliances are increasingly being integrated, high frequency and miniaturized, which requires higher magnetic permeability and lower loss of magnetic materials. In order to develop a magnetic powder core with higher energy efficiency, smaller volume and lighter weight, the development of a novel magnetic powder insulating coating layer becomes a key core technology.
The insulating coating layers of soft magnetic composite materials (SMCs) are of various types, but mainly comprise organic polymers and inorganic oxides, such as organic silicone resins, phenolic resins, phosphates, etc., and the inorganic insulating coating layers comprise MgO and SiO2、Al2O3And the like. However, these materials have their own advantages and disadvantages, such as the inability of the composite materials of the organic insulating layer to operate at high temperatures, or even to be heat treated at higher temperatures. The saturation magnetic induction intensity of the insulating layer in the soft magnetic composite material of the inorganic insulating layer is generally not high and the magnetic conductivity is low, so that the saturation magnetic induction intensity and the magnetic conductivity of the material added with the inorganic insulating layer are reduced to a certain degree. At present, a lot of researches are carried out on the materials, and a lot of related scientific research papers and patents are also carried out on the materials, but on the whole, the materials have many unsolved problems, the comprehensive performance of the materials also has a space for further improving, and the materials have wide development and research prospects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a glass phase added silane coated metal soft magnetic composite material with low loss, high magnetic permeability, high magnetic induction intensity and high strength and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-strength metallic soft magnetic composite material coated by glass phase added silane is prepared from metallic soft magnetic powder through adding silane hydrolyzate to metallic soft magnetic powder for insulating coating, and adding solution containing glass phase ions for coating.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: adding silane hydrolysate into the cleaned metal soft magnetic powder, and drying in a drying oven at 40-80 deg.C to obtain pretreated magnetic powder; adding the pretreated magnetic powder into a solution containing glass phase ions, drying the solution in a drying oven at 40-80 ℃, adding a certain amount of oxide and lubricant, fully grinding the mixture, performing compression molding under the condition of 600-2000 MPa, placing the mixture in a nitrogen or argon atmosphere, and placing the mixture for 30-400 min at 200-1000 ℃ to obtain the high-strength glass phase silane-added metal soft magnetic composite material.
In the above technical solution, further, the silane hydrolysate is a mixed solution of water, ethanol and silane. Furthermore, the amount of the silane is 0.5-5% of the mass of the metal soft magnetic powder.
Furthermore, the silane is one or more of gamma- (2.3 epoxypropoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, gamma-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxy silane, gamma-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, gamma-aminopropyl triethoxy silane and 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane.
Furthermore, the glass phase ions are one or more of Zn ions, B ions, V ions, Sn ions and P ions, and the solution is a solution of borate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, pyrophosphate or oxalate of the glass phase ions. Furthermore, the amount of the salt of the glass phase ions is 0.5-4% of the mass of the metal soft magnetic powder.
Furthermore, the oxide is one or more of calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, bismuth oxide, vanadium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium oxide and lithium oxide, and the addition amount of the oxide is 0.01-1.5 wt% of the metal soft magnetic powder.
Further, the metal soft magnetic powder is one of the following: pure iron powder, ferrosilicon aluminum powder, iron-nickel alloy powder, iron-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder, iron-silicon-chromium alloy powder or iron-silicon alloy powder, and further preferably pure iron powder with the particle size of 10-500 mu m.
Further, the lubricant is one or more of lithium stearate, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, nickel stearate, zinc stearate, dimethyl polysiloxane, molybdenum disulfide lithium base grease, aluminum calcium complex soap base grease, SPANJAARD chromium grease, SPANJAARD nickel grease and SPANJAARD copper grease. Further, the preferable addition amount of the lubricant is 0.01 to 1% by mass of the metallic soft magnetic powder, and the lubricant is uniformly mixed with the pretreated magnetic powder by grinding.
Further, the preferable compression molding is pre-pressing for 20-40 s under the condition of 400-600 MPa, and then pressing for 30-60 s under the condition of 600-2000 MPa.
Further, the heat treatment process is preferably: the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 200-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the process for coating metal by silane-glass phase co-generates a silane layer and a glass phase insulating coating layer on the surface of the metal soft magnetic particles, has simple process, convenient operation, low cost and high production efficiency, and is suitable for industrial large-scale production.
(2) The SMCs are mainly formed by pressing with a mold, and the shapes of the SMCs can be complicated and diversified, while the conventional silicon steel sheets are mainly formed by laminating, so that the processing of complicated parts is relatively easy.
(3) Many experimental methods show that annealing at a higher temperature is difficult to keep lower loss and higher magnetic conductivity, and in the experiment, a high-temperature-resistant silane layer and a glass phase insulating coating layer are introduced to the surface of metal, so that the temperature resistance of the coating layer is greatly improved.
(4) The motor magnetic core has great requirements on strength, the strength of the motor magnetic core in the prior art is only 20-50 MPa, and the bending strength of the magnetic core is greatly improved by the synergistic effect of the silane layer and the glass phase insulation coating layer, and can reach 80-200 MPa.
The composite material can be widely applied to the aspects of motors, sensors, low-frequency filters, electromagnetic driving devices, magnetic field shielding and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a silane and glass phase co-cladding.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing magnetic losses at 45kHz for samples of example 1 under heat treatment at 500 deg.C, 550 deg.C and 600 deg.C.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the flexural strength of the sample of example 2 under heat treatment at 500 deg.C, 550 deg.C and 600 deg.C.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
example 1
Weighing gamma- (2.3 glycidoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane accounting for 0.5 wt% of pure iron powder, dispersing the gamma- (2.3 glycidoxy) propyl trimethoxy silane in a mixed solution of ethanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, adding 16g of pure iron powder into the hydrolysate, drying the hydrolysate in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of pretreated iron powder, adding 6000ppm of triethyl borate, 1200ppm of stannous nitrate and 160ppm of zinc acetate solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for about 5min, drying the hydrolysate in the drying oven at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of finally treated iron powder, carrying out heat treatment on a pressure ring at 500 ℃ for 60 min in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a soft magnetic composite material, and carrying out subsequent winding performance test on the pressure ring, wherein each 20 turn of a primary coil and a secondary coil is measured by using an LCR meter, the permeability of 12.7mm OD × 7.6.6 mm ID × 3mm, and the pressure ring is measured by using an LCR meter under the conditions of 20 kHz, the low-temperature bending strength of 120 m.120 to 128 m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.p.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.m.p. the soft magnetic composite material.
Example 2
Weighing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane accounting for 0.5 wt% of pure iron powder, dispersing the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in a mixed solution of ethanol and water to prepare a hydrolysate, adding 16g of pure iron powder into the hydrolysate, placing the pure iron powder in a drying oven for drying at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of pretreated iron powder, then adding 8000ppm of vanadyl oxalate, 2000ppm of stannous pyrophosphate and 3000ppm of zinc oxide solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for about 5min, placing the pure iron powder in the drying oven for drying at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of finally treated iron powder, grinding and uniformly mixing the finally treated iron powder 16g, 0.04g of calcium oxide and 0.05g of zinc stearate, then pressing the mixture into rings at 25 ℃ and 1200MPa (12.7mm OD × 7.6.6 mm ID × 3mm tall and small) and carrying out heat treatment at 500 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere for 60 min to obtain a soft magnetic composite material.
Example 3
Weighing gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane accounting for 0.5 wt% of pure iron powder, dispersing the gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane in a mixed solution of ethanol and water to prepare hydrolysate, adding 16g of pure iron powder into the hydrolysate, drying the pure iron powder in a drying oven at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of pretreated iron powder, adding 17000ppm of boric acid and 3800ppm of zinc oxide, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for about 5min, drying the iron powder in the drying oven at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain 16g of finally treated iron powder, grinding and mixing the finally treated iron powder 16g, 0.04g of vanadium oxide, 0.02g of bismuth oxide and 0.05g of zinc stearate uniformly, pressing the mixture into rings at 25 ℃ and 1200MPa (12.7mm × 7.6.6 mm ID × 3mm tall, and conducting heat treatment on the compression ring at 500 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere for 60 min to obtain a soft magnetic composite material, and then conducting performance test on winding of the compression ring, wherein each 20 turns of the primary coil and the secondary coil are measured by using an LCR meter to obtain the magnetic conductivity of about 100 kHz, and the loss of an AC B-H loss meter to obtain the soft magnetic composite material under the conditions of 50mT and 88W bending strength of a double stand column under the low temperature of 68 kg/.
In the method, the glass phase is added into the system in the form of solution precursor liquid, which is different from the conventional form of adding glass phase powder, and in addition, the melting point of the glass phase is low and is only 500-600 ℃, so that the effect of mechanical enhancement can be well achieved. Compared with the prior art, the bending strength of the magnetic core is greatly improved through the synergistic effect of the prepared silane layer and the glass phase insulating coating layer.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength metal soft magnetic composite material coated with the silane added to the glass phase is characterized in that the soft magnetic composite material takes metal soft magnetic powder as a raw material, silane hydrolysate is added into the metal soft magnetic powder for insulation coating, and then solution containing glass phase ions is added for coating, so that a silane layer and a glass phase insulation coating layer are formed on the surface of the metal soft magnetic powder.
2. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method specifically comprises: adding silane hydrolysate into the cleaned metal soft magnetic powder, and drying in a drying oven at 40-80 deg.C to obtain pretreated magnetic powder; adding the pretreated magnetic powder into a solution containing glass phase ions, drying the solution in a drying oven at 40-80 ℃, adding a certain amount of oxide and lubricant, fully grinding the mixture, performing compression molding under the condition of 600-2000 MPa, placing the mixture in a nitrogen or argon atmosphere, and placing the mixture for 30-400 min at 200-1000 ℃ to obtain the high-strength glass phase silane-added metal soft magnetic composite material.
3. The high strength glass phase added silane coated metal soft magnetic composite material according to claim 2, wherein the silane hydrolysate is a mixed solution of water, ethanol and silane.
4. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material according to claim 3, wherein the silane is one or more of gamma- (2.3 glycidoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
5. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the amount of silane is 0.5-5% by mass of the metal soft magnetic powder.
6. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material according to claim 2, wherein the glass phase ions are one or more of Zn ions, B ions, V ions, Sn ions and P ions, and the solution is a solution of borate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, pyrophosphate or oxalate of the glass phase ions.
7. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the amount of the salt of the glass phase ion is 0.5 to 4% by mass of the metal soft magnetic powder.
8. The high-strength glass-phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the oxide is one or more of calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, bismuth oxide, vanadium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium oxide, and lithium oxide, and the addition amount is 0.01 wt% to 1.5 wt% of the metal soft magnetic powder.
9. A high strength glass phase added silane coated metallic soft magnetic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metallic soft magnetic powder is one of: pure iron powder, iron-silicon-aluminum powder, iron-nickel alloy powder, iron-nickel-molybdenum alloy powder, iron-silicon-chromium alloy powder or iron-silicon alloy powder.
10. The high-strength glass phase-added silane-coated metal soft magnetic composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal soft magnetic powder is pure iron powder with a particle size of 10-500 μm.
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