CN111348982A - Method for separating and purifying mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water - Google Patents
Method for separating and purifying mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water Download PDFInfo
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- CN111348982A CN111348982A CN202010270752.5A CN202010270752A CN111348982A CN 111348982 A CN111348982 A CN 111348982A CN 202010270752 A CN202010270752 A CN 202010270752A CN 111348982 A CN111348982 A CN 111348982A
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- toluene
- water
- acetonitrile
- mixed solvent
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 324
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 246
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- HXYXTCJDWHHCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile;toluene Chemical compound CC#N.CC1=CC=CC=C1 HXYXTCJDWHHCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetonitrile;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC#N PBCJIPOGFJYBJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- WMGVPDQNPUQRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CC#N WMGVPDQNPUQRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/005—Processes comprising at least two steps in series
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/32—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C253/34—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/04—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
- C07C7/10—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of separation and purification, and particularly discloses a method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water, which comprises the following two stages: in the first stage, water extraction and layering are carried out, a small amount of toluene in a water layer is removed by ternary azeotropy of toluene, acetonitrile and water in the rectification of the water layer, acetonitrile and water azeotropy is obtained by binary azeotropy of ethylene, dichloromethane reflux is utilized to carry water to remove water, and pure acetonitrile fraction is obtained by rectification; and in the second stage, the toluene layer is heated, water in the toluene layer is removed by utilizing toluene reflux with water, the binary azeotropic distillation is carried out to remove a small amount of acetonitrile in the toluene, and then the pure toluene is obtained by rectification. The invention utilizes the binary azeotropic property and the ternary azeotropic property of the material for purification, does not introduce substances such as an extractant and the like, and can simultaneously obtain two pure solvents of toluene and acetonitrile; the material is not extracted in the process, so the product yield is high. The method can effectively recover the toluene and acetonitrile waste liquid, has no loss in the process, has the yield of 99 percent, and has small environmental pollution and low requirement on equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of separation and purification, and particularly relates to a method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water.
Background
Toluene and acetonitrile are important solvents in the chemical industry. Because acetonitrile and toluene can form the lowest azeotrope, the azeotropic mixture of acetonitrile and toluene generated in the chemical production process cannot be separated by direct rectification. The extraction and batch rectification are particularly suitable for the separation of products in the field of chemical plants, and have low requirements on equipment and wide application prospects. Therefore, the azeotropic mixture of acetonitrile and toluene needs to be separated by extraction and intermittent azeotropic distillation
At present, in the separation process of toluene and acetonitrile, extracting and rectifying by using extracting agents such as dimethylbenzene, diethylbenzene and the like are generally used, but the defects that a new solvent is brought in, pure toluene is difficult to obtain, the added extracting agent is large in dosage, and the energy consumption in the separation process is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water, which can simultaneously obtain two pure solvents of the toluene and the acetonitrile without introducing substances such as an extracting agent and the like, has the advantages of 99 percent of yield, small environmental pollution and low requirement on equipment, and is beneficial to the recovery of the two solvents of the toluene and the acetonitrile in factories.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water comprises the following steps:
1) extracting and layering;
adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering, and collecting a toluene layer and a water layer;
2) recovering acetonitrile;
a1) heating and rectifying the water layer obtained in the step 1), and collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction when the temperature is 78 ℃;
b1) adding dichloromethane into the acetonitrile water azeotrope collected in the step b1), heating, refluxing and carrying out water carrying till no water exists;
c1) heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane;
d1) continuously rectifying, and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃;
3) recovering the toluene;
a2) directly heating the toluene layer obtained in the step 1) to reflux and carry out water until no water exists;
b2) heating and rectifying the toluene layer obtained in the step a2), and heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction.
Further, in step 1), the amount of water added was 3 times the volume of the tolylacetonitrile azeotropic mixture solvent.
Further, in the step 2), heating and rectifying the water layer to 76 ℃, collecting the ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water, and mechanically applying the collected ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water to the step 1) and mixing the ternary azeotropic fraction with the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent.
Further, in the step 2), heating and rectifying to 82 ℃, collecting the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope, and mechanically applying the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope to the step 1) to be mixed with the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent;
further, in step c1), the collected dichloromethane was added to the kit in step b 1).
The invention provides a method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water, which has the following advantages:
1) the separation and purification process of the invention is divided into two stages: in the first stage, water extraction and layering are carried out, a small amount of toluene in a water layer is removed by ternary azeotropy of toluene, acetonitrile and water in the rectification of the water layer, acetonitrile and water azeotropy is obtained by binary azeotropy of ethylene, dichloromethane reflux is utilized to carry water to remove water, and pure acetonitrile fraction is obtained by rectification; and in the second stage, the toluene layer is heated, water in the toluene layer is removed by utilizing toluene reflux with water, the binary azeotropic distillation is carried out to remove a small amount of acetonitrile in the toluene, and then the pure toluene is obtained by rectification.
2) The invention utilizes the binary azeotropic property and the ternary azeotropic property of the material for purification, does not introduce substances such as an extractant and the like, and can simultaneously obtain two pure solvents of toluene and acetonitrile; the material is not extracted in the process, so the product yield is high.
3) The method can effectively recover the toluene and acetonitrile waste liquid, has no loss in the process, has the yield of 99 percent, has small environmental pollution and low requirement on equipment, and is beneficial to the recovery of two solvents of toluene and acetonitrile in factories.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an extraction layering process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram for the recovery of acetonitrile according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the process of adding methylene chloride for applying step b1) according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a constant flow chart of the process for rectifying acetonitrile of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a process for recovering toluene in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1-5, the method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) extracting and layering;
adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering, and collecting a toluene layer and a water layer;
2) recovering acetonitrile;
a1) heating and rectifying the water layer obtained in the step 1), and collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction when the temperature is 78 ℃;
b1) adding dichloromethane into the acetonitrile water azeotrope collected in the step b1), heating, refluxing and carrying out water carrying till no water exists;
c1) heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane;
d1) continuously rectifying, and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃;
3) recovering the toluene;
a2) directly heating the toluene layer obtained in the step 1) to reflux and carry out water until no water exists;
b2) heating and rectifying the toluene layer obtained in the step a2), and heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction.
Adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering to form a toluene layer and a water layer; wherein the toluene layer contains a large amount of toluene and a part of acetonitrile; the aqueous layer contained a significant amount of acetonitrile and some toluene. The amount of water added was 3 times the volume of the tolylacetonitrile azeotropic mixture solvent.
In the present invention, the process flow for recovering acetonitrile from the water layer is shown in FIG. 1. In order to remove toluene in the water layer, the water layer is heated and rectified firstly, and acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction is collected when the temperature is 78 ℃; adding dichloromethane into acetonitrile water azeotrope, heating and refluxing to carry water until no water exists; ) Heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane; continuing rectification and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃. The temperature is raised and the distillation is carried out to obtain acetonitrile and water azeotrope, methylene dichloride reflux with water is utilized to remove water, the distillation is carried out to obtain pure acetonitrile fraction, and the recovered acetonitrile has high purity and high yield.
In the process of heating and rectifying the water layer, when the temperature of the water layer is raised and rectified to 76 ℃, ternary azeotropic fractions of toluene, acetonitrile and water are generated; in order to avoid the waste of the ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water, the ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water is collected, the collected ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water is applied to the step 1), and the ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water is mixed with the azeotropic mixed solvent of toluene and acetonitrile.
The process flow for recovering toluene from the toluene layer is shown in FIG. 2. Because the toluene layer contains part of acetonitrile, in order to remove the acetonitrile in the toluene layer, the toluene layer is directly heated and refluxed with water until no water exists; then heating the toluene layer for rectification, and heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction. No other substances are introduced in the steps, so that the purity and the yield of the toluene can be improved.
It is noted that in the toluene layer heating process, when the toluene layer is heated and rectified to 82 ℃, a toluene acetonitrile azeotrope is generated; in order to avoid the waste of the tolunitrile azeotrope, the tolunitrile azeotrope can be recycled, the collected tolunitrile azeotrope is applied to the step 1) and mixed with a tolunitrile azeotropic mixed solvent;
wherein, in order to recycle the dichloromethane, the collected dichloromethane is added to the step b 1).
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided to describe the separation and purification method of a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water according to the present invention in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water comprises the following steps:
1) extracting and layering;
adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering, and collecting a toluene layer and a water layer; the adding amount of water is 3 times of the volume amount of the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent;
2) recovering acetonitrile;
a1) heating and rectifying the water layer obtained in the step 1), and collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction when the temperature is 78 ℃;
b1) adding dichloromethane into the acetonitrile water azeotrope collected in the step b)1, and heating and refluxing to carry water until no water exists;
c1) heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane;
d1) continuously rectifying, and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃;
3) recovering the toluene;
a2) directly heating the toluene layer obtained in the step 1) to reflux and carry out water until no water exists;
b2) heating and rectifying the toluene layer obtained in the step a2), and heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction.
Example 2
The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water comprises the following steps:
1) extracting and layering;
adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering, and collecting a toluene layer and a water layer; the adding amount of water is 3 times of the volume amount of the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent;
2) recovering acetonitrile;
a1) heating and rectifying the water layer obtained in the step 1), heating and rectifying the water layer to 76 ℃, collecting the ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water, applying the collected ternary azeotropic fraction of toluene, acetonitrile and water to the step 1), and mixing the ternary azeotropic fraction with the toluene and acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent; raising the temperature to 78 ℃ again and collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction;
b1) adding dichloromethane into the acetonitrile water azeotrope collected in the step b)1, and heating and refluxing to carry water until no water exists;
c1) heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane; the collected dichloromethane is added and reused in the step b 1);
d1) continuously rectifying, and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃, wherein the purity of acetonitrile is more than 99 percent, and the application yield is 99 percent;
3) recovering the toluene;
a2) directly heating the toluene layer obtained in the step 1) to reflux and carry out water until no water exists;
b2) heating and rectifying the toluene layer obtained in the step a2), heating and rectifying to 82 ℃, collecting a toluene acetonitrile azeotrope, mechanically applying the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope to the step 1), and mixing the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope with a toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent; and then heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction, wherein the purity of the toluene is more than 99 percent, and the recycling yield is 99 percent.
Taking the separation and purification method provided in example 2 as an example, the separation and purification of the mixed solvent of acetonitrile, toluene and water is performed, and the purity and the rate of use of acetonitrile and toluene are measured.
In the test process, the acetonitrile in the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent in the step 1) is 76.26 percent, and the toluene is 23.74 percent (volume percentage). The test result is that the toluene purity of the toluene, acetonitrile and water ternary azeotropic fraction collected at 76 ℃ in the step a1) is 65 percent, and the acetonitrile purity is 35 percent; collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic distillation at 78 ℃, wherein the acetonitrile water azeotropic distillation consists of 15% of water and 75% of acetonitrile (volume percentage); the dichloromethane collected in step c1) consisted of 1.5% water, 98.5% dichloromethane (volume percent); the purity of acetonitrile in the pure acetonitrile fraction collected at 82 ℃ in step d1) is more than 99%; the purity of toluene in the pure toluene fraction obtained at 110 ℃ in step b2) was more than 99%.
And the application yield of the step 2) and the step 3) is 99 percent.
In conclusion, the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit, although the present invention has been described by referring to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for separating and purifying a mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) extracting and layering;
adding water into the toluene acetonitrile azeotropic mixed solvent, stirring and layering, and collecting a toluene layer and a water layer;
2) recovering acetonitrile;
a1) heating and rectifying the water layer obtained in the step 1), and collecting acetonitrile water azeotropic fraction when the temperature is 78 ℃;
b1) adding dichloromethane into the acetonitrile water azeotrope collected in the step b1), heating, refluxing and carrying out water carrying till no water exists;
c1) heating, rectifying and collecting dichloromethane;
d1) continuously rectifying, and collecting pure acetonitrile fraction at 82 ℃;
3) recovering the toluene;
a2) directly heating the toluene layer obtained in the step 1) to reflux and carry out water until no water exists;
b2) heating and rectifying the toluene layer obtained in the step a2), and heating to 110 ℃ to obtain pure toluene fraction.
2. The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of water added in step 1) is 3 times the volume of the azeotropic mixed solvent containing acetonitrile and toluene.
3. The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing the acetonitrile, the toluene and the water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the temperature of the water layer is raised and the water layer is rectified to 76 ℃, ternary azeotropic fractions of the toluene, the acetonitrile and the water are collected, the collected ternary azeotropic fractions of the toluene, the acetonitrile and the water are applied to the step 1), and the ternary azeotropic fractions of the toluene, the acetonitrile and the water are mixed with the azeotropic mixed solvent of the toluene and the acetonitrile.
4. The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the temperature is raised and the distillation is carried out to 82 ℃, the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope is collected, and the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope is applied to the step 1) and mixed with the toluene acetonitrile azeotrope.
5. The method for separating and purifying the mixed solvent containing acetonitrile, toluene and water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collected dichloromethane is added to step b1) in step c 1).
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| CN113461571A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 索闻特环保科技(上海)有限公司 | Treatment method of mixed liquid containing triethylamine, acetonitrile and water |
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