CN111344262B - 提供有永久保护膜的功能性窗玻璃 - Google Patents
提供有永久保护膜的功能性窗玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于窗玻璃的制品,其包括由玻璃或有机材料制成的基材,在基材的表面上沉积有:‑具有5纳米至400纳米的总厚度的为所述制品赋予功能性,特别地防晒、隔热或防冷凝性质的层或层堆叠体,‑覆盖所述层或所述层堆叠体的有机膜,所述有机膜的厚度在300纳米至10微米之间,其特征在于,在所述层或所述层堆叠体的下方存在纹理化元件,所述纹理化元件的表面的粗糙度使得:‑算术平均偏差Ra在50纳米和2微米之间,包括端值,‑基本长度RSm在5微米至300微米之间,包括端值。
Description
本发明涉及一种包括基材例如玻璃基材的制品,特别地包括薄层堆叠体的窗玻璃,堆叠体为所述制品赋予功能性,特别地反射红外IR辐射的类型、太阳能类型(近红外)或热(远红外)类型的功能性。根据本发明,还可以设想其它功能性,特别地用于为根据本发明的制品赋予某些着色或更一般地用于赋予窗玻璃所需的某些光学性能。
根据本发明的制品,例如窗玻璃,是更特别地适合于装备建筑物,即使不限于此,并且特别地它还可以用于机动车领域中,特别地用作侧窗,天窗或后窗。它还能够用作具有防雾(防冷凝)功能的冰箱门或陈列柜,特别地用于在超市中装备冷冻产品的陈列柜。
以已知的方式,在具有红外反射性质的玻璃制品的情况下,可以通过选择构成堆叠体的薄层的化学物类,厚度和顺序来显著作用于进入或离开房间或乘客舱的太阳辐射的能量。特别地,这种窗玻璃允许防止夏季在所述房间或乘客室内部的过度加热,因此有助于限制其空调所需的能量消耗。根据本发明的另一个可能的方面,后者还涉及隔热窗玻璃,该隔热窗玻璃在本领域中通常被称为低辐射或低辐射率窗玻璃,更特别地用于建筑物或车辆的隔热。低辐射堆叠体由于它们的隔热功能也可以有利地用于冰箱门或陈列柜类型的冷藏设备的玻璃部件中。
这些层压窗玻璃受到一定的限制:就窗玻璃而言,所使用的多个层必须首先对太阳辐射是充分屏蔽的,也就是说,它们必须实现隔热,但至少要允许光的一部分通过,如由透光率TL所度量的。此外,这些热性能必须保留窗玻璃的光学外观和美观性:因此,希望能够调节基材的光透射水平,同时保留被判断具有吸引力的颜色,优选基本上是中性的和均匀的,特别地在透射中但优选地或者在外部和/或内部反射中。特别地,从商业角度来看,在玻璃化表面的表面上出现虹彩区是不可接受的。
根据另一个基本方面,这些层还必须是足够耐用的,如果在安装后的窗玻璃中将它们放置在窗玻璃的外表面之一(室内面或室外面)(与朝向例如双层窗玻璃的中间充气腔或者也朝向层压窗玻璃的热塑性片材的内部面相反)则更是如此。
当今,已知许多“热控制”堆叠体,即允许调节进入或离开装备建筑物或乘客室的玻璃化表面的热流量的堆叠体。
它们被归类到隔热窗玻璃的名称下。它们基本上根据两个类别进行销售和使用:
-或者为了确保保护住所免受太阳辐射的侵害,或者为了防止其过热,这种玻璃在行业上被称为防晒窗玻璃,
-或者为住宅提供基本上隔热并且防止热量损失,这些窗玻璃这时被称为隔热玻璃。
因此,在本发明的意义上,“防晒”被理解为是指限制了能量流量,特别地从住宅或乘客舱的外部向内部穿过它的能量流量,特别地太阳红外辐射(IRS)的玻璃的性能。
因此,“隔热”被理解为是指一种窗玻璃,其被提供有至少一个为它提供减少的能量损失的功能层,所述层具有反射在3-50微米之间的热IR(也称为中红外)辐射的性质。在某些国家/地区,标准要求窗玻璃既具有防晒功能又具有隔热性能。
熟知地,例如在参考出版物《Les techniques de l'ingénieur, Vitrageà isolation thermique renforcée》, C3635 (2004)中描述的,这种反射性质是直接地取决于被提供有包括一个或多个功能层堆叠体的窗玻璃的面的发射率。
通常,本说明书中介绍的所有光和热特征都是根据涉及在用于建筑的玻璃中使用的窗玻璃的光和能量特征的国际标准ISO 9050(2003)和ISO 10292(1994)或NF EN 12898:2001中描述的原理和方法获得的。
这些涂层,与玻璃基体结合后,优选地在美学上也应该是令人愉悦的,也就是说,提供有其堆叠体的窗玻璃在透射和反射中均应具有足够中性的色度,以不给使用者带来不便,或者淡蓝色或绿色的色调,特别地在建筑行业为如此。
当前为解决上述问题而出售的最有效的堆叠体包括金属功能层(也就是说,负责反射红外辐射的性质的层),该金属功能层由金或银类型的贵金属制成或者由铜制成(或这些金属的合金),尤其是由银制成,基本上以入射IR(红外)辐射的主要部分的反射模式工作。这些堆叠体可以有利地用作为建筑物隔热的低辐射(英文为Low-e)类型的窗玻璃,但是也可以以更有限的方式用作为阳光控制窗玻璃。
给出以下定义:
红外辐射应理解为是指波长在0.78到3微米之间的近红外或太阳IR辐射,以及波长在3到50微米之间的热(或中间)IR辐射。
防晒(或日光控制)窗玻璃具有反射来自太阳辐射的近红外的主要部分,以防止住宅或客舱变热的功能。
热控窗玻璃具有反射热红外的主要部分以防止热量从住宅/客舱向外散失的功能。
然而,这些层对诸外界物质如湿气非常敏感,并且因此仅用于双层窗玻璃中,在双层窗玻璃的面2或3上,以防止湿气。如今公认的是,不可能将这种层沉积在单窗玻璃(也称为单体式窗玻璃)上,或不可能沉积在多层窗玻璃的最外表面(通常称为面1)上,或沉积在多层窗玻璃的室内面(常规地对于双层窗玻璃称为面4)上,因为这些层会非常迅速地降解并在外界湿气甚至室内存在的湿气的作用下被氧化。因此,这种层在外表面上是不耐用的,并且应该必须沉积在多层窗玻璃的内部面上。即使本发明不限于这种层,本发明的主要目的之一是提出一种提供有层堆叠体的窗玻璃,这些堆叠体作用于穿过窗玻璃的热量,并且其至少之一由铜或由贵金属(Ag或Au)制成,尤其由银制成。
为了允许将包括至少一个银层堆叠体沉积在外表面(室内面或室外面),在文献中已经提出用保护膜,特别地由聚合物塑料物质制成的保护膜对其进行保护,保护膜在沉积之后将堆叠体覆盖。例如,可以提及以下申请:
申请WO2013089185描述了一种构造,根据该构造,使用沉积在反射IR的堆叠体上的聚丙烯腈(PAN)或聚甲基丙烯腈(PMAN)类型的聚合物,堆叠体自身沉积在基材上。已经指出的是,聚合物允许通过增加其耐磨性和机械强度来保护堆叠体,特别地当它受到外部热变化引起的应力时。
专利申请EP2685294替换地描述了使用由聚环烯烃制成的保护性塑料膜,其目的是使反射IR的外部堆叠体具有机械强度。
法国专利申请FR2414114描述了聚乙烯(PE),聚丙烯(PP)或聚丙烯腈(PAN)聚合物作为保护层的用途。
申请人公司的专利申请WO2016/097599和WO2017/103465描述了PVDC类型或苯乙烯-丁二烯类型的涂层的其它可能类型。
根据本领域的这些文献,保护性聚合物材料的选择由其为堆叠体赋予的机械保护品质和耐化学性,特别地耐腐蚀性进行引导。
然而,如果使用这种聚合物涂层允许有效地解决玻璃制品的化学耐久性的问题,但是很明显,覆盖并保护上述类型的薄层堆叠体的这种膜的组合导致由于在制品表面上存在虹彩区而不允许将其销售的玻璃制品的整体美观。这种现象看起来是由于在位于玻璃表面上方的不同的无机薄层与有机薄膜之间的光学干涉引起的。
如果基材不是玻璃而是由硬塑料材料制成,例如由PMMA制成或由聚碳酸酯制成,则观察到相同的现象。在本发明的意义上,“硬塑料”被精确地理解为是指机械强度足够高以能够用作窗玻璃如汽车窗或汽车窗玻璃或陈列柜的玻璃元件(基材)的任何塑料材料。
按照根据本发明的某些其它可能的构造,在其上沉积所述层或层堆叠体的基材可以不是刚性而是柔性的,例如呈PET膜的形式,其本身可以被添加到玻璃基材或由PMMA制成或由聚碳酸酯制成的基材上。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种制品,该制品尤其可用于热控制,特别地防晒窗玻璃或“低辐射”窗玻璃,或用于冰箱门或陈列柜的窗玻璃,其特别地在功能堆叠体中,特别地在低辐射或防晒堆叠体中并入如上所述的金属层,该堆叠体可以定位在所述玻璃的外表面之一上,同时是经久耐用,并且在其表面上不显示虹彩现象。
特别地,本发明涉及热控窗玻璃,在其整体中由这种制品组成或包括这种制品,即既涉及防晒窗玻璃又涉及隔热窗玻璃。
更确切地,本发明以其最通常的形式涉及一种用于窗玻璃的制品,其包括由玻璃或有机材料制成的基材,优选由塑料,特别地硬质塑料制成,在其表面上沉积有:
-层或层堆叠体,其为所述制品赋予功能性,特别地防晒性能,隔热或防冷凝性能,其总厚度在5纳米至400纳米之间,优选总厚度在10至300纳米之间,或总厚度在20到250纳米之间,
-覆盖所述层或所述层堆叠体的有机膜,所述聚合物膜的厚度在300纳米至10微米之间,优选在500纳米至5微米之间,并且非常优选在1至5微米之间。
根据本发明,纹理化元件存在于所述层或所述层堆叠体之下,所述纹理化元件的表面的粗糙度使得:
-算术平均偏差Ra在50纳米至2微米之间,包括端值,优选在100纳米至1微米之间,包括端值,并且非常优选在150纳米至300纳米之间,包括端值,
-基础长度(longueur de base)RSm在5微米至300微米之间,包括端值,并且优选地在10微米至200微米之间,包括端值。
参数Ra和RSm根据国际标准ISO4287(1997)进行定义。
根据本发明并根据上述标准,将Ra定义为在长度为l的轮廓上测得的坐标z(x)的绝对值的算术平均值:
回顾的是,表面轮廓(即根据直线段)的RSm(平均周期或平均步距)通过以下关系定义:
其中,Si是在两个上升的过零时的交点(中线)之间的距离,n+1是所考虑的轮廓中上升的过零的交点的数目。该参数RSm代表峰之间的距离,即平行于片材总平面的纹理的步距。RSm和Ra的值是在使用截止值为2.5µm和0.8mm(消除小于2.5µm和大于0.8mm的周期)的高斯滤波器之后给出的。在至少4mm的距离上进行Rsm和Ra测量。
在本申请中,以如下方式获得粗糙度参数。在每个样品上分析了代表大约(10至15)x(10至15)mm²的代表性表面积。优选地,对每个样品选择三个不同的位置。这些图像是使用Zygo Newview™轮廓仪在20倍的放大倍数下通过干涉轮廓仪获得的。从这些测量值中提取出长度为4mm的轮廓。数据随后使用Mountain MapMountainsMap®软件进行处理。
三维表面的粗糙度参数通过使用与适当的低通高斯滤波器(剖面的ISO13565-116610-21)结合的分析长度进行了计算。明智地选择分析长度和低通滤波器选择,以便将波纹度参数与粗糙度参数区分开。
根据用于实施本发明的另一个非常优选的参数,在550nm处测量的基材和有机膜的折射率是基本相同的。“基本相同的”应理解为是指两个折射率之间的差小于0.2,优选小于0.15或甚至小于0.1,非常优选小于0.05。
非常优选地,有机保护膜对IR辐射是透明的。
根据本发明,保护膜的沉积优选不引起或基本上不引起改变纹理化元件的纹理化的时间,根据本发明的制品的表面的纹理化例如可以通过如上所述的相同的RSm范围进行定义。
另一方面,保护膜可以优选地限制根据本发明的制品的振幅Ra,例如以使得制品的Ra小于纹理化元件的Ra的50%,优选地,制品的Ra小于纹理化元件的Ra的30%,更优选地,制品的Ra小于纹理化元件的Ra的15%,或者甚至制品的Ra小于纹理化元件的Ra的5%。理想地,制品的表面是基本上光滑的。因此,制品的Ra优选小于50nm,更优选小于30nm,非常优选小于20nm,甚至小于10nm。
根据本发明的优选实施方案,必要时,它们显然可以彼此组合:
-在550nm处测得的基材和有机膜的折射率是基本相同的。
-有机膜是聚合物。
-所述纹理化元件包括玻璃基材表面的纹理。
-所述纹理化元件由位于玻璃基材的表面与该层或该层堆叠体之间的有机材料层,特别地聚合物材料层组成,与该层或该堆叠体接触的所述有机层的表面进行纹理化。
-所述纹理化元件由无机玻璃,有机玻璃,溶胶-凝胶材料,聚合物或烧结玻璃制成。
-位于玻璃基材的表面与层或层堆叠体之间的所述聚合物层由PMMA(聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯))或PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)制成。
-有机膜选自聚合物,所述聚合物选自聚丙烯腈(PAN),聚甲基丙烯腈(PMAN),聚环烯烃,聚乙烯(PE),聚丙烯(PP)或聚丙烯腈,聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)或苯乙烯-丁二烯(PSB),或聚硅氮烷。
-有机膜是特别通过TEOS或MTEOS溶液的聚合而获得的有机溶胶-凝胶层。
-反射红外辐射的薄层堆叠体包括至少一个选自银,铜,金及其合金的金属层。
-反射红外辐射的薄层堆叠体包括氧化物,氮化物或氮氧化物,优选氧化物的介电层作为上层,在其上直接沉积保护性有机膜。
-基材由玻璃制成。
-纹理通过蚀刻玻璃基材的表面,特别地通过酸蚀刻或碱蚀刻或喷砂处理来获得。
-基材由塑料制成,特别地由选自PMMA,聚碳酸酯和PET的塑料制成。
-纹理化通过在基材的表面上施加纹理化材料层,特别地通过压花或通过自纹理化来获得。
-所述制品的表面的Ra小于纹理化元件的表面的Ra的50%。
-制品的表面的Ra小于50nm。
本发明还涉及结合了如上所述的制品的单层窗玻璃。
本发明还涉及一种多层窗玻璃,其包括如上所述的制品,其中用所述有机膜覆盖的薄层堆叠体朝向所述窗玻璃的外表面进行设置。
优选地,在这种多层窗玻璃中,制品的内部面包括第二薄层堆叠体,其反射朝向多层窗玻璃室内的红外辐射。
本发明还涉及如上所述的基材或窗玻璃作为具有防冷凝功能的窗玻璃的用途,或者还涉及如上所述的基材或窗玻璃作为具有防晒或热控制功能的窗玻璃的用途。
根据本发明的窗玻璃的第一种构造,窗玻璃是单层窗玻璃,也就是说,它包括单个玻璃基材,在该玻璃基材上设置有作用于红外辐射的堆叠体,该堆叠体结合了一系列薄层,包括反射例如红外辐射的厚度为例如5至20纳米的银层。银层在堆叠体中在其上方和下方包括氧化硅或氮化物的介电材料层。在堆叠体上方,优选地沉积聚合物类型的有机膜。聚合物膜允许将堆叠体暴露在窗玻璃的外表面(室内或室外)上并确保其耐久性。在这样的窗玻璃(例如用作建筑物的窗户)中,例如将在其上沉积有堆叠体和保护膜的面转向建筑物的内部。这种构造使得可以将单层玻璃用作防晒窗玻璃或低辐射窗玻璃。
根据本发明的窗玻璃的第二种构造,窗玻璃是双层窗玻璃或三层窗玻璃,也就是说,它包括两个或三个被充气腔或PVB型热塑性片材隔开的玻璃基材。在多层窗玻璃的外表面上沉积有作用于红外辐射的堆叠体。在堆叠上沉积有有机膜,特别地聚合物膜。聚合物膜使得可以将堆叠体暴露在窗玻璃的外表面上(朝向室内或朝向室外)并确保其耐久性。
根据这种窗玻璃的可能的实施方式,例如作为用于建筑物的窗户或冷藏室的隔壁,覆盖有薄膜的堆叠体存在于多层窗玻璃的面1上,保护膜朝向建筑物(通常,单层或多层窗玻璃的玻璃基材的面从配备它的乘员室/处所的外部朝向内部进行编号)或分隔车室的外部。这种构造使得可以限制在多层窗玻璃,特别地高度隔热的三层玻璃的所述外表面上的冷凝。
根据这种窗玻璃(作为用于建筑物的窗户或冷藏室的隔壁)的另一种实施方式,覆盖有薄膜的堆叠***于双层窗玻璃的面4或三层玻璃的面6上,使得该在其上沉积该堆叠体和该保护膜的面是朝向建筑物或分隔车室的内部。这种构造使得可以将多层窗玻璃用作防晒或隔热(低辐射)窗玻璃。根据这种实施方式的双层窗玻璃的特别有利的构造包括沉积在面4上的该第一堆叠体与另一个反射红外的堆叠体的组合,该反射红外的堆叠体这次被设置在双层窗玻璃的面2或面3上。
当然,也可以将堆叠体和薄膜设置在根据本发明的制品的两个外表面上。在单层或多层窗玻璃中使用的这种构造将允许例如获得结合低辐射,防晒和/或防冷凝功能的窗玻璃。
尽管以上更具体描述的应用是用于建筑物的窗玻璃,但是显然可以设想其它应用,特别地在车辆的窗玻璃中,例如侧窗,天窗或后窗,或者还有展示柜或冰柜的玻璃门。
本发明的优点通过下面的非限制性实施例进行说明。
参照例:
使用由Saint-Gobain Glass France公司销售的,厚度为4mm的Planilux型透明玻璃基材,其在550nm处的折射率为1.52。
通过熟知的磁场辅助阴极溅射技术,在没有预先纹理化步骤的情况下,在基材上沉积层堆叠体。沉积的堆叠体符合申请WO2007/101964A1的实施例4,并且包括厚度为10nm的银层,将参考该示例以获取更多信息。
根据以下描述的液体沉积工艺,在为玻璃制品赋予红外反射功能的层堆叠体上沉积3微米的聚偏二氯乙烯(折射率n=1.65的PVDC)膜:
通过使用由Solvay公司出售的聚偏二氯乙烯树脂Ixan® SGA-1通过旋涂技术将PVDC膜沉积在基材表面上,并预先溶解在乙酸乙酯(溶剂)中。在离心装置中调节角速度和在溶剂中树脂的浓度,以获得厚度约为3微米的层。
由此获得第一参照窗玻璃。
根据本发明的实施例:
在该实施例中,以相同的方式重复了在先前参照实施例中描述的用于制造窗玻璃的方案,但是此外,在玻璃的表面上进行了根据本领域公知技术的用酸蚀刻。
蚀刻在允许获得玻璃表面的纹理的条件下进行,使得在RSm值为约70微米时,Ra值为约200纳米。
使用放大20倍的Zygo Newview™轮廓仪,通过干涉轮廓测量法获得能够测量粗糙度的图像。随后数据根据上述方法和原理通过Mountain MapMountainsMap®软件进行处理。
随后对根据参照例和根据本发明的实施例的样品进行以下测试,以测量其光学和能量性能以及它们的耐久性。
不同窗玻璃的光学和能量性质以及耐久性根据以下标准进行测量:
-透射率TL:根据在国际标准ISO 9050:2003中定义的标准,根据D65光源的透光率%。
-光反射RLc:根据在国际标准ISO 9050:2003中定义的标准,根据D65光源在层侧的透光率%。
-正常发射率(εn):根据在国际标准NF EN12898:2001中定义的标准进行计算。
-雾度:以百分数度量的雾度在本发明的意义上应理解为是指由于光的散射而造成的损失,也就是说,通常是指光的散射部分(散射分数或Td)与直接透过窗玻璃的光(TL)的比率,通常以百分比表示。因此,漫透射度量由沉积在玻璃基材表面上的层散射的光分数。雾度通常可以通过光谱技术来测量,在整个可见光区域(380-780nm)上的积分使得可以确定法向透射率TL和漫透射率Td。这种测量也可以通过使用雾度计来获得。据认为,如果在用雾度计的测量期间窗玻璃的雾度保持小于10%,并且优选小于5%或甚至小于1%,则窗玻璃保持透明。使用的设备是由BYK-Gardner公司销售的Haze-Gard®设备。
-清晰度:清晰度也可以借助于雾度计测量。光线照射样品并穿透设备的积分球。安装在球体出口孔处的环形传感器检测以最小角度散射的光,定义为清晰度。
-薄层电阻:薄层电阻按常规地进行测量,例如,如在参考出版物《Lestechnologies de l'ingénieur,Vitrage à isolation thermique renforcée》,C3635(2004)中所描述。
-SO2测试:这是由薄膜保护的堆叠体对酸腐蚀(SO2蒸气)耐久性的首次测试。所进行的测试符合在标准EN1096-2:2001,附件C中所描述的测试。首先,验证窗玻璃与标准的符合性,尤其是在视觉方面。测试后还测量了发射率(Δε)和透光率(ΔTL)的变化。
在下表1给出了获得的所有结果:
表格1。
在上表1中给出的结果表明,根据参照例和根据本发明的实施例的样品的光学,比色和能量性能基本相同。
所附照片(图1)显示了这两个样品的视觉外观:可以看到参照窗玻璃(1a)呈现出同心形状的虹彩,而在本发明的窗玻璃(1b)(即,具有根据以下权利要求的主题的表面纹理)上则没有观察到。
Claims (16)
1.用于窗玻璃的制品,其包括由玻璃或有机材料制成的基材,在基材表面上沉积有:
-层或层堆叠体,其为所述制品赋予功能性,其总厚度在5纳米至400纳米之间,所述层或层堆叠体是红外辐射反射层或红外辐射反射层堆叠体、低辐射层或低辐射层堆叠体、或防冷凝层或防冷凝层堆叠体;
-覆盖所述层或所述层堆叠体的有机膜,所述有机膜的厚度在300纳米至10微米之间,
特征在于,纹理化元件存在于所述层或所述层堆叠体的下方,所述纹理化元件的表面的粗糙度使得:
-算术平均偏差Ra在50纳米至2微米之间,包括端值,
-基础长度RSm在5微米至300微米之间,包括端值。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的制品,其中在550nm测量的所述基材和所述有机膜的折射率是基本相同的。
3.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述有机膜是聚合物。
4.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述纹理化元件由玻璃基材的表面的纹理构成。
5.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述纹理化元件由有机材料层构成,所述有机材料层被设置于所述玻璃基材的表面与所述层或所述层堆叠体之间,并且所述有机材料层的与所述层或层堆叠体接触的表面进行纹理化。
6.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述纹理化元件由无机玻璃,有机玻璃,溶胶-凝胶材料或烧结玻璃制成。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制品,其中位于所述玻璃基材的表面与所述层或所述层堆叠体之间的有机材料层由PMMA(聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯))或PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)制成。
8.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中所述有机膜选自聚合物,该聚合物选自:聚丙烯腈(PAN),聚甲基丙烯腈(PMAN),聚环烯烃,聚乙烯(PE),聚丙烯(PP),聚丙烯腈,聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC),苯乙烯-丁二烯(PSB)或聚硅氮烷。
9.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述有机膜是有机溶胶-凝胶层。
10.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中所述层堆叠体包括至少一个选自银、铜、金和它们合金的金属层。
11.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中所述层堆叠体包括氧化物、氮化物或氮氧化物介电层作为上层,在所述介电层上方直接沉积保护性有机膜。
12.根据权利要求11所述的制品,其中所述纹理化是通过蚀刻所述玻璃基材的表面而获得的。
13.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述基材由塑料制成。
14.根据权利要求13所述的制品,其中,所述纹理化是通过在基材的表面上施加一个纹理化材料层而获得。
15.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中,所述制品的表面的Ra小于所述纹理化元件的表面的Ra的50%。
16.根据权利要求1-2中任一项所述的制品,其中所述制品的表面的Ra小于50nm。
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