CN111342064A - Lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane and application method thereof - Google Patents
Lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/46—Metal oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention adopts the electrostatic spinning technology to prepare the loaded high catalytic activity LaCo1‑xMxO3The polymer fiber membrane of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystal, the uniformly dispersed catalytic material and the interlaced reticular fiber membrane provide a large amount of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for the catalytic process, and the conductive material attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers. The nano composite fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, can avoid the use loss and material loss of catalytic materials, and meets the requirement of flexibilityThe field of energy storage and the like and the requirement of civilized application of wearable equipment, household facilities and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nano composite catalytic materials and application thereof, and particularly relates to a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and an application method thereof.
Background
Currently, the earth on which people live cannot meet the basic requirements of human survival development due to serious waste and pollution caused by the increasing scarcity of resources such as coal, oil, natural gas and the like and the inefficient use of resources. In turn, mankind explores cleaner, efficient and rich energy forms, and new energy sources such as nuclear energy, solar energy, biological energy and the like are deeply researched and widely applied based on the background environment. The form of civil energy storage is also developed from a single-use primary battery to a rechargeable and recyclable secondary battery, and is changed from a lead-acid battery with high toxicity, low energy and heaviness to a lithium ion battery and a nickel-hydrogen battery with low toxicity, high energy and light weight. Particularly, in recent years, development of hybrid batteries and metal-air batteries and increase of requirements of flexible devices such as wearable electronics and the like have completely new changes to application forms of energy and survival ways of human beings, so that scientific researchers have paid extensive attention to and industrialized application and popularization.
The lithium-air battery and the zinc-air battery are taken as representatives, the metal-air battery has the advantages of large capacity, high energy density, low price, long storage/service life, small internal resistance, stable discharge curve, light weight, easy disassembly, assembly and maintenance and the like, particularly oxygen is used as a raw material, the source is rich, the taking is convenient, and the metal-air battery is suitable to be used as an active catalytic electrode of a flexible energy storage device so as to meet the application requirements of civil fields such as wearable equipment and household facilities.
However, although many excellent catalytic materials are reported, a series of problems still face in the industrial application process, especially in the application process of flexible energy storage devices, such as safety problem caused by high toxicity of the nano-structure type material, low catalytic activity caused by factors such as the composition and structure of the catalytic material, reduction of specific surface area of the catalytic material caused by agglomeration, secondary growth and the like, and sharp reduction of catalytic activity caused by use loss. Therefore, the development of a flexible catalytic material with high catalytic activity and high stability to meet the application requirements of flexible energy storage devices is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems existing in the background technology, the invention aims to provide a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and high stability, and the loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology1-xMxO3The polymer fiber membrane of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystal, the uniformly dispersed catalytic material and the interlaced reticular fiber membrane provide a large amount of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for the catalytic process, and the conductive material attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers. The nano composite fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, can effectively avoid performance reduction and safety problems caused by use loss and material loss of catalytic materials, and meets the requirements of the field of flexible energy storage (such as metal-air batteries and hybrid power batteries) and civilized applications of wearable equipment, household facilities and the like. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and high stability is characterized in that an electrostatic spinning technology is adopted to prepare a loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity1-xMxO3The high molecular fiber film of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nano crystal, uniformly dispersed catalytic material and interlaced reticular fiber film provide lots of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for catalytic process, and are adhered to catalytic material and high molecular weightThe conductive material on the sub-fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers;
alternatively, the preparation method of the fiber membrane may include using LaCo1-xMxO3Preparing a solution used for electrostatic spinning by a catalytic material, preparing a nano composite fiber film by electrostatic spinning, and passivating at a low temperature after film forming; can be directly sprayed on the surface of a rigid, flexible and curved substrate;
optionally, the LaCo1-xMxO3The catalytic material is prepared by adopting a sol-gel method, and the solution used in the electrostatic spinning comprises the following components:
optionally, in the process of preparing the nano composite fiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, the voltage is 10-20kV, and the jet speed is 0.1-5 mm/min; in the low-temperature passivation treatment process after film formation, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the treatment time is 0.5-12h, and the atmosphere is one of air, argon or nitrogen;
optionally, the preparation method of the fiber membrane may also include preparing a precursor solution for electrostatic spinning containing a La source, a Co source and an M source, preparing a nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, performing low-temperature pretreatment after membrane formation, and preparing loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity by high-temperature sintering1-xMxO3A nanocrystalline nanocomposite fiber film; and promoting the La, Co and M precursors attached to the fiber film to crystallize to obtain the target nano composite material. Can be directly sprayed on the surface of a high-temperature-resistant rigid, flexible and curved substrate.
Optionally, the precursor solution for electrospinning containing a La source, a Co source, and an M source comprises the following components:
wherein, the amounts of the components of the La source, the Co source and the M source are configured according to the stoichiometric ratio of La, Co and M;
optionally, the La source is La (NO)3)3、LaCl3、La(CH3COO)3、La2(SO4)3、La2O3One or more of the above; the Co source is Co (NO)3)2、CoCl2、Co(CH3COO)2、CoSO4One or more of CoO and CoO; the M source is M (NO)3)2、MCl2、M(CH3COO)2、MSO4One or more of MO and the other MO;
optionally, in the process of preparing the nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, the voltage is 10-20kV, and the jet speed is 0.1-5 mm/min; after film forming, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the time is 0.5-12h and the atmosphere is air in the low-temperature pretreatment process; the temperature in the high-temperature sintering process is 500-1000 ℃, the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the time is 2-12h, and the atmosphere is one of argon or nitrogen;
optionally, the conductive material is attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane, so that chemical activity of the catalytic material and carrier transport capability can be enhanced. The conductive material comprises one or more of conductive graphite, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, nano silver, nano copper, nano nickel and magnesium-based amorphous alloy;
optionally, the high molecular polymer is one or more of polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylidene fluoride;
optionally, the solvent comprises at least two of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene carbonate, dichloromethane and dichloroethane. The use of a single solvent cannot obtain uniform electrospinning solution, and the mixed solvent has the function of adjusting the solubility and spinnability of the electrospinning solution; the spinnability of the single solvent when the nano composite catalytic fiber membrane is prepared by electrostatic spinning and the crystallinity and catalytic activity of the spun particles are not as good as those of the mixed solvent;
optionally, the fiber membrane has excellent catalytic activity, and can meet the requirements of the fields of flexible energy storage and the like, such as an air electrode in a metal-air battery and a pseudo capacitor in a hybrid battery; in addition, the prepared nano composite catalytic fiber membrane is assembled into wearable equipment and household facilities, and the requirement of energy supply is met.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through designing and preparing a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and high stability, the loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology1-xMxO3The polymer fiber membrane of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystal, the uniformly dispersed catalytic material and the interlaced reticular fiber membrane provide a large amount of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for the catalytic process, and the conductive material attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers. The nano composite fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, can effectively avoid performance reduction and safety problems caused by use loss and material loss of catalytic materials, and meets the requirements of the fields of flexible energy storage (such as metal-air batteries and hybrid power batteries) and the like and civilized applications of wearable equipment, household facilities and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a nanocomposite catalytic fibrous membrane of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows LaCoO according to an embodiment of the present invention3XRD pattern of the nanocomposite catalytic fibrous membrane;
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention, LaCo0.8Ni0.2O3XRD pattern of the nanocomposite catalytic fibrous membrane;
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention, LaCo0.7Ni0.3O3XRD patterns of nanocomposite catalytic fiber membranes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, and it is obvious that the described examples are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the prior art, the high toxicity of the nano-structure material can cause safety problems, the catalytic activity caused by the factors such as the self component and the structure of the catalytic material is low, the specific surface area of the catalytic material caused by the factors such as agglomeration, secondary growth and the like is reduced, and the catalytic activity is sharply reduced caused by use loss. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and high stability, and a loaded high-catalytic-activity LaCo is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology1-xMxO3The polymer fiber membrane of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystal, the uniformly dispersed catalytic material and the interlaced reticular fiber membrane provide a large amount of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for the catalytic process, and the conductive material attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers. The nano composite fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, can effectively avoid performance reduction and safety problems caused by use loss and material loss of catalytic materials, and meets the requirements of the field of flexible energy storage (such as metal-air batteries and hybrid power batteries) and civilized applications of wearable equipment, household facilities and the like.
The following is a general description of LaCo provided in embodiments of the present invention1-xMxO3A nanocomposite catalytic fiber membrane is illustrated.
FIG. 1 shows LaCo1-xMxO3SEM image of nanocomposite catalytic fiber membrane. High catalytic activity LaCo1-xMxO3The (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystals were uniformly dispersed on the interlaced reticular polymer fiber membranes, and the conductive material was attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membranes.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the fiber membrane can comprise the use of LaCo1-xMxO3Preparing a solution used for electrostatic spinning by a catalytic material, preparing a nano composite fiber film by electrostatic spinning, and passivating at a low temperature after film forming; can be used forDirectly spraying on the surface of a rigid, flexible and curved substrate;
optionally, the solution used for electrospinning comprises the following components:
optionally, in the process of preparing the nano composite fiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, the voltage is 10-20kV, and the jet speed is 0.1-5 mm/min; in the low-temperature passivation treatment process after film formation, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the treatment time is 0.5-12h, and the atmosphere is one of air, argon or nitrogen;
optionally, the preparation method of the fiber membrane may also include preparing a precursor solution for electrostatic spinning containing a La source, a Co source and an M source, preparing a nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, performing low-temperature pretreatment after membrane formation, and preparing loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity by high-temperature sintering1-xMxO3A step of preparing a nanocrystalline nano composite fiber film; can be directly sprayed on the surface of a high-temperature-resistant rigid, flexible and curved substrate;
optionally, the precursor solution for electrospinning containing a La source, a Co source, and an M source comprises the following components:
wherein, the amounts of the components of the La source, the Co source and the M source are configured according to the stoichiometric ratio of La, Co and M;
optionally, the La source is La (NO)3)3、LaCl3、La(CH3COO)3、La2(SO4)3、La2O3One or more of the above; the Co source is Co (NO)3)2、CoCl2、Co(CH3COO)2、CoSO4One or more of CoO and CoO; m sourceIs M (NO)3)2、MCl2、M(CH3COO)2、MSO4One or more of MO and the other MO;
optionally, in the process of preparing the nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, the voltage is 10-20kV, and the jet speed is 0.1-5 mm/min; after film forming, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the time is 0.5-12h and the atmosphere is air in the low-temperature pretreatment process; the temperature in the high-temperature sintering process is 500-1000 ℃, the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the time is 2-12h, and the atmosphere is one of argon or nitrogen;
optionally, the conductive material is attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane, so that chemical activity of the catalytic material and carrier transport capability can be enhanced. The conductive material comprises one or more of conductive graphite, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, nano silver, nano copper, nano nickel and magnesium-based amorphous alloy;
optionally, the high molecular polymer is one or more of polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylidene fluoride;
optionally, the solvent comprises at least two of deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene carbonate, dichloromethane and dichloroethane. The use of a single solvent cannot obtain uniform electrospinning solution, and the mixed solvent has the function of adjusting the solubility and spinnability of the electrospinning solution; the spinnability of the single solvent when the nano composite catalytic fiber membrane is prepared by electrostatic spinning and the crystallinity and catalytic activity of the spun particles are not as good as those of the mixed solvent;
the loaded LaCo with high catalytic activity provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown by specific examples and comparative examples1- xMxO3The performance difference of the polymer catalytic fiber membrane of the nanocrystalline is explained in detail.
Example 1
70 parts by weight of LaCo1-xNixO3Catalytic material, 7 parts by weight of conductive graphite and 100 parts of polymethyl pyridinePreparing an electrospinning solution by a sol-gel method by dissolving a mixed solution of 350 parts by weight of water and absolute ethyl alcohol in an alkanone, and preparing LaCo by adopting an electrospinning technology under the conditions that the voltage is 10kV and the jet speed is 0.1mm/min1-xMxO3Nano composite catalytic fiber membrane, and keeping at 170 deg.C for 6 hr to obtain passivated LaCo1-xMxO3A nano composite catalytic fiber membrane.
Different Ni element doped catalytic materials can be configured according to different stoichiometric ratios of Co and Ni, and LaCoO is respectively shown in figures 1-33、LaCo0.8Ni0.2O3And LaCo0.7Ni0.3O3XRD patterns of nanocomposite catalytic fiber membranes. As can be seen from the graph, LaCo increases with the Ni doping content1-xNixO3The crystallinity is obviously enhanced, and the catalytic activity is obviously improved; meanwhile, the ratio of the characteristic peaks at 32.85 degrees and 33.35 degrees is gradually increased, and the prepared LaCo is shown to be1-xNixO3The increase of lattice distortion will increase the crystal defects significantly and increase the catalytic reactivity thereof. The conductive graphite is attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane, so that the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers are enhanced.
Example 2
Dissolving 5 parts by weight of La source, Co source and Ni source, 0.3 part by weight of reduced graphene oxide and nano silver, 25 parts by weight of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinylidene fluoride in 400 parts by weight of a mixed solution of dimethylformamide and dichloromethane to prepare a precursor solution for electrostatic spinning; wherein, the La source, the Co source and the M source are prepared according to the stoichiometric ratio of La, Co and Ni of 2:1: 1; the La source is La (NO)3)3The Co source is CoCl2The Ni source is Ni (NO)3)2And Ni (CH)3COO)2. Preparing a nanofiber membrane loaded with La source, Co source and Ni source precursors by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology under the conditions that the voltage is 12kV and the jet speed is 0.5mm/min, pretreating at low temperature of 280 ℃ for 8 hours after membrane formation, continuously sintering at high temperature of 800 ℃ for 4 hours under the condition of argon gas, and preparing the loaded LaCo0.5M0.5O3A polymer nano composite catalytic fiber membrane of nano crystal.
Comparative example
Electrostatic spinning solution without conductive graphite LaCo was prepared according to the method of example 11-xNixO3A nanocatalysted fibrous membrane. The catalytic fiber membrane is low in temperature and does not contain conductive graphite, so that the carrier transport capacity of the fiber membrane is poor, and LaCo1- xNixO3The carrier generated by the nano-catalysis cannot timely react with oxygen in a catalytic manner, so that the catalytic activity of the composite fiber membrane is reduced.
Loaded high-catalytic-activity LaCo based on preparation1-xMxO3The (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystalline polymer fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, and the application direction exploration can realize the diversified application of the nanocomposite catalytic fiber membrane.
In one implementation, the fiber membrane has excellent catalytic activity, and can meet the requirements of fields such as flexible energy storage and the like, such as an air electrode in a metal-air battery and a pseudo capacitor in a hybrid battery; in addition, the prepared nano composite catalytic fiber membrane is assembled into wearable equipment and household facilities, and the requirement of energy supply is met.
Therefore, the lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane with high catalytic activity and high stability is designed and prepared, and the loaded high-catalytic-activity LaCo is prepared by adopting the electrostatic spinning technology1-xMxO3The polymer fiber membrane of (M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu) nanocrystal, the uniformly dispersed catalytic material and the interlaced reticular fiber membrane provide a large amount of solid, liquid and gas three-phase reaction sites for the catalytic process, and the conductive material attached to the catalytic material and the polymer fiber membrane enhances the chemical activity of the catalytic material and the transmission capability of carriers. The nano composite fiber membrane has high catalytic activity and high stability, can effectively avoid performance reduction and safety problems caused by use loss and material loss of catalytic materials, and meets the requirements of the field of flexible energy storage (such as metal-air batteries and hybrid power batteries), wearable equipment and household facilitiesAnd the like for civil applications.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane is characterized in that the fiber membrane is prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning technology to load LaCo with high catalytic activity1-xMxO3The nano-crystalline, M ═ V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, macromolecule fibrous membrane, said fibrous membrane includes homogeneous dispersed catalytic material and interlaced reticular fiber to provide a large amount of solid, liquid, gas three-phase reaction sites for catalytic process, the conductive material attached to catalytic material and macromolecule fibrous membrane has strengthened the chemical activity of catalytic material and the transmission ability of current carrier.
2. The fiber membrane of claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises using LaCo1- xMxO3Preparing solution for electrostatic spinning by using a catalytic material, preparing a nano composite fiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, directly spraying the nano composite fiber membrane on the surface of a rigid, flexible and curved substrate, and performing low-temperature passivation treatment after membrane formation.
3. The fibrous membrane according to claim 1, wherein said solution used for electrospinning comprises the following components:
4. the fiber membrane of claim 2, wherein the voltage is 10-20kV and the spraying speed is 0.1-5mm/min in the process of preparing the nano composite fiber membrane by electrostatic spinning; in the low-temperature passivation treatment process after film formation, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the treatment time is 0.5-12h, and the atmosphere is one of air, argon or nitrogen.
5. The fiber membrane of claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a precursor solution for electrostatic spinning containing a La source, a Co source and an M source, preparing a nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning, directly spraying the nanofiber membrane on the surface of a high-temperature-resistant rigid, flexible and curved substrate, performing low-temperature pretreatment after membrane formation, and performing high-temperature sintering.
6. The fiber membrane of claim 5, wherein the precursor solution for electrospinning containing La source, Co source and M source comprises the following components:
wherein, the amounts of the components of the La source, the Co source and the M source are configured according to the stoichiometric ratio of La, Co and M.
7. The fibrous membrane of claim 6, wherein said La source is La (NO)3)3、LaCl3、La(CH3COO)3、La2(SO4)3、La2O3One or more of the above; the Co source is Co (NO)3)2、CoCl2、Co(CH3COO)2、CoSO4One or more of CoO and CoO; the M source is M (NO)3)2、MCl2、M(CH3COO)2、MSO4And MO, or a plurality of MO.
8. The fiber membrane of claim 5, wherein the voltage is 10-20kV and the spraying speed is 0.1-5mm/min in the process of preparing the nanofiber membrane by electrostatic spinning; after film forming, the temperature is 20-300 ℃, the time is 0.5-12h and the atmosphere is air in the low-temperature pretreatment process; the temperature in the high-temperature sintering process is 500-1000 ℃, the heating rate is 3-10 ℃/min, the time is 2-12h, and the atmosphere is argon or nitrogen.
9. The fiber membrane of claim 3 or 6, wherein the conductive material comprises one or more of conductive graphite, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, nano silver, nano copper, nano nickel, and magnesium-based amorphous alloy.
10. The fiber membrane of claim 3 or 6, wherein the high molecular polymer is one or more of polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylidene fluoride.
11. The fiber membrane of claim 3 or 6, wherein the solvent comprises at least two of deionized water, absolute ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, propylene carbonate, methylene chloride, and dichloroethane.
12. The application method of the lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen nano composite fiber membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber membrane is applied to an air electrode in a metal-air battery and a pseudo capacitor in a hybrid battery; or assembled into a wearable device.
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