CN111337409B - Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111337409B CN111337409B CN202010249336.7A CN202010249336A CN111337409B CN 111337409 B CN111337409 B CN 111337409B CN 202010249336 A CN202010249336 A CN 202010249336A CN 111337409 B CN111337409 B CN 111337409B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- test
- tunnel
- rainfall
- model
- simulating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005442 atmospheric precipitation Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of tunnel seepage model tests, and discloses a test device for simulating rainfall dynamic influence on karst tunnel seepage, which comprises a test model box device for simulating a karst area and an internal tunnel thereof, a rainer device for simulating rainfall, a test model box device for shooting, and a non-contact full displacement field measuring device for recording seepage paths, wherein the upper part of the test model box device is connected with a simulated terrain, the simulated terrain is positioned below the rainer device, and the simulated terrain boundary is matched with the boundary above the test model box device. The device is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the model test. The invention also comprises a test method of the device, which specifically comprises the following steps: extracting topographic data; determining test parameters; manufacturing a test model; mounting a test device; stratum, tunnel and terrain simulation; putting a coloring agent; simulating the water level; simulating rainfall; and dynamically acquiring test data. The method can obtain the seepage path of the seepage field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel seepage model tests, in particular to a test device and a method for simulating dynamic influence of rainfall on a karst region tunnel seepage field.
Background
With the development of traffic construction in China, tunnel engineering is gradually built to areas with complex geological conditions, wherein karst water-rich areas occupy a certain proportion. In a karst area with complex hydrogeological conditions and developed cracks and pipelines, underground water around the tunnel is sourced from a water-bearing stratum, and the replenishment effect of atmospheric rainfall on underground water cannot be ignored due to the large amount of vertical karst pipelines. More importantly, the replenishment speed of atmospheric rainfall in the tunnel of the karst area is high, the consumed time is short, the relative insufficiency of the drainage capacity of the tunnel is easily caused, the water pressure outside the tunnel in a short time is overlarge, and the tunnel operation problems such as the deformation overrun of the inverted arch, the structural crack damage and the like are caused. Meanwhile, the above problems are mostly seen in domestic operation tunnels, which seriously affect the tunnel operation safety, and need to develop related research and discussion.
At present, tunnel water damage caused by precipitation is subjected to inversion analysis from engineering examples and numerical analysis. However, it is worth noting that, starting from engineering examples, systematic disease evolution laws are often difficult to obtain due to the limitation of field implementation conditions; from numerical analysis, it is difficult to ensure that the calculation model and boundary conditions are matched with the field situation. In recent years, similar model tests are often used for inversion research of tunnel diseases under rainfall conditions due to the fact that the similar model tests are convenient to operate and good in simulation similarity and can truly reduce the tunnel water damage. At present, a device for simulating tunnel defect inversion under rainfall is partially innovated:
for example, chinese patent publication No. CN 104330533B discloses a test apparatus and method for simulating tunnel surrounding rock collapse under rainfall and groundwater seepage, the apparatus includes a model test box, a rainfall simulation system with adjustable rainfall, a groundwater seepage simulation system, a groundwater supply system, a water content test system, a stress monitoring system, a digital photography non-contact measurement system and a fiber bragg grating displacement monitoring system. By simulating the gradual destruction process of the weak and broken surrounding rocks of the tunnel under the seepage action of surface water and underground water, the mechanical behavior of the broken surrounding rocks under different rainfall conditions and different underground water seepage paths is quantitatively researched. By obtaining multi-physical field information in the collapse process of the tunnel surrounding rock, analyzing the multi-information characteristics of different evolution stages of the collapse and the internal relation of each field information, and determining the progressive damage process, damage form and damage range of the tunnel weak and broken surrounding rock under different factors.
For another example, chinese patent publication No. CN206340266U discloses a model for comprehensively simulating a tunnel excavation process, which sequentially comprises a rainfall simulation box, a simulation box, and a water storage tank from top to bottom; the two ends of the simulation box are respectively connected with the water head control box, the two ends of the inside of the simulation box are respectively provided with a buffer stable area, and a simulation tunnel is also arranged in the middle simulation area; the simulation tunnel simulates the construction process of the tunnel, and the simulation box simulates the external environment in the construction process.
For another example, chinese patent publication No. CN 110275008A discloses a non-contact tunnel excavation physical model and a test method capable of simulating rainfall, where the model includes a tunnel segmental excavation simulation device, a controllable rainfall simulation device, and a test block full-surface displacement field observation device; the test method comprises the following steps: preparing a wax block layer and trimming and arranging to obtain wax blocks; filling soil and placing a wax block in the middle of the soil body; building a test block full-surface displacement field observation device and a controllable rainfall simulation device; a long rod excavating mechanism is adopted to simulate tunnel excavation; and observing the displacement change of the soil body by using the test block full-surface displacement field observation device.
However, on one hand, the above patent results do not consider topographic factors and formation karst characteristics, and can not simulate surface catchment effect and karst pipeline water flow characteristics, so that the test results are difficult to realize real reflection of actual cases; on the other hand, the above patent results are focused on experimental simulation of atmospheric rainfall during tunnel construction, and disease statistics show that the disease cases caused by rainfall after tunnel construction also occupy a large proportion, so it is necessary to perform experimental simulation on the tunnel after construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, provides a test device which can accurately simulate a karst area, reflect the dynamic change process of a seepage field, obtain an accurate seepage path, is convenient to use and simple in structure and is used for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the seepage field of a tunnel in the karst area, and also provides a method for testing the dynamic influence of the atmospheric precipitation on the seepage field of the tunnel in the karst area by using the test device for simulating the dynamic influence of the atmospheric precipitation on the seepage field of the tunnel in the karst area.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a test device of simulation rainfall to karst tunnel seepage flow dynamic influence, including the test model case device that is used for simulating karst district and inside tunnel, be located test model case device top, a rainfall device for rainfall simulation, a test model case device for shoot, the full displacement field measuring device of non-contact of record seepage flow route, the simulation topography is connected on test model case device upper portion, the simulation topography is made by the topography mould, the simulation topography is located the below of rainfall device, simulation topography boundary and test model case device top boundary match.
Further, for improvement in the aspect of the mold, the terrain mold is a thin-layer shell with an inner cavity and an opening at the bottom and is used for fixing the shape and contour of the upper surface of the similar material of the surrounding rock to form a simulated terrain reflecting the actual landform, and the terrain mold is detachably connected to the upper part of the test model box device.
Further, for improving in the aspect of the test model box device, the test model box device comprises a model box, a tunnel model is arranged in the model box, tunnel contour holes matched with two ends of the tunnel model are formed in the outer surface of the model box, surrounding rock similar materials aiming at different geological conditions are filled in the model box in a layered mode, and at least one karst pipeline model is buried in the filled surrounding rock similar materials according to the test simulation requirements.
Furthermore, in order to cut the experimental model box, the improvement on the aspect of manufacturing the cross section of the seepage path is that a vertical clamping groove is arranged on the inner side surface of the model box, which is connected with the surface of the tunnel contour hole, in the middle position and is used for inserting a clamping groove plate.
Further, for being convenient for accept improvement in the aspect of the rain ware device, experimental model case device is the cuboid, and four angles of experimental model case device are equipped with the support column respectively, are equipped with four bracket poles that are located same level above the support column.
Further, in order to improve the function of adjusting the simulated rainfall, the rainfall device comprises a rainfall box, a pressure valve, a pressure pump, a water storage tank and a water conveying pipe connected between the rainfall box and the water storage tank; the rain falling box, the pressure valve, the pressure pump, the water pump and the water storage tank are sequentially connected end to end by each section of water conveying pipe, and the dyeing agent is put into water used by the rain falling device (2).
Furthermore, in order to improve the rainfall simulation under different rainfall conditions, the bottom of the rainfall tank is provided with rainfall holes which are uniformly distributed at intervals and matched with at least one rainfall spray head, and the rainfall spray heads are axially inserted along the rainfall holes.
Further, in order to improve the manufacturing of the test tool, the tunnel model, the karst pipeline model, the rainfall spray head and the terrain mould are all manufactured into an integral structure by adopting a 3D printing technology.
Further, for improvement in the aspect of photographing the seepage path, the non-contact full displacement field measuring device comprises a single lens reflex and a tripod for supporting the single lens reflex, wherein the single lens reflex is fixed on the upper part of the tripod.
The test method used by the test device for simulating the dynamic influence of rainfall on the seepage of the tunnel in the karst area specifically comprises the following steps,
s1: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field in a karst area, carrying out on-site survey on a simulated area, laying measurement control points, acquiring a terrain image by using unmanned aerial vehicles, and extracting data of the terrain image by using professional software;
s2: determining the size, position, form and related test parameters of a test model box device and a rainfall device to be researched according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric rainfall on a karst region tunnel seepage field;
s3: determining the shapes, sizes and positions of a model box, a clamping groove, a supporting column, a bracket rod, a tunnel contour hole and a clamping groove plate according to the corresponding test parameters in the S2 and tunnel embedding conditions required by the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst region tunnel seepage field, and completing the manufacture; determining the shapes and sizes of a tunnel model and a karst pipeline model according to geological conditions and tunnel conditions required by a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, and manufacturing the tunnel model and the karst pipeline model one by adopting a 3D printing technology; establishing a terrain three-dimensional model according to the corresponding terrain data in the S1 and terrain conditions required by the experiment for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst region tunnel seepage field, and manufacturing a terrain mold by adopting a 3D printing technology;
s4: connecting the rainfall devices in sequence according to the requirements of simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric rainfall on the seepage field of the tunnel in the karst region, placing a rainfall box on a bracket rod of the test model box device, and fixedly mounting a rainfall spray head; fixedly installing a non-contact full displacement field measuring device in the axial direction of the tunnel contour hole, and adjusting the distance between the test model box device and the non-contact full displacement field measuring device;
s5: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, surrounding rock similar materials under different geological conditions are filled in a model box in a layered mode, a tunnel model is axially inserted along a tunnel contour hole, a water pressure testing device is installed, and a karst pipeline model is installed in the surrounding rock similar materials; according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, filling corresponding surrounding rock similar materials into an inner cavity of a terrain mold, horizontally placing the terrain mold on the upper part of a model box, and slowly taking off the terrain mold to form a simulated terrain;
s6: calculating the optimal concentration ratio of a coloring agent according to the requirement of a dynamic influence test of simulated atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, putting the coloring agent into a water storage tank, and preparing a coloring agent solution;
s7: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a karst area tunnel seepage field, slowly injecting water into the model box to a designed height, and simulating an initial water level;
s8: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and the rainfall parameters required by the test, adjusting a pressure valve and a pressure pump, starting a water pump, and simulating rainfall;
s9: dynamic collection of test data: in the rainfall process, a non-contact full displacement field measuring device is adopted to dynamically acquire the full displacement field photos of the tunnel model, and dynamically acquire the tunnel drainage and the tunnel model water pressure;
s10: stopping rainfall after the rainfall reaches the rainfall time required by the test, and closing the rainfall device; after the test model box device is stabilized, excavating similar materials of surrounding rocks on one side layer by layer from the clamping groove position of the model box, vertically inserting the clamping groove plates layer by layer while excavating, shooting the cross section of the similar materials of the surrounding rocks exposed after excavation by using a single lens reflex after the similar materials of the surrounding rocks on one side are completely excavated and inserted into the clamping groove plates, and drawing a seepage path according to the distribution of coloring agents on the cross section.
S11: according to the requirements of simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and rainfall parameters required by the test, adjusting a pressure valve and a pressure pump, changing a rainfall spray head according to the change of the test parameters, and repeating S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 and S10 to carry out a new rainfall parameter test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
in order to simulate the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the seepage field of a tunnel in a karst area, the invention provides a terrain mold which comprises a test model box device, a rainer device, a non-contact full displacement field measuring device and a terrain mold, wherein the rainer device is fixed above the test model box device and used for simulating rainfall, the non-contact full displacement field measuring device is fixed in front of the test model box device, and the terrain mold is horizontally placed between the test model box device and the rainer device, and the bottom of the terrain mold is closely attached to the upper boundary of the test model box device. When the device is used, test parameters of the test model box device, the rain falls device, the non-contact full-displacement field measuring device and the terrain mold are determined according to the rainfall condition, the geological condition and the terrain condition of a required simulation area, and compared with a seepage model test which only considers a single stratum condition and does not consider terrain factors under the simulated rainfall condition, the device greatly improves the accuracy of the model test, not only realizes the accurate simulation of the geological condition of a karst area, but also accurately restores the terrain of the simulation area; in addition, the device can obtain the dynamic change process of the seepage field and an accurate seepage path.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test device for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a karst region tunnel seepage field.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a test simulation box and a rainer device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the rainer device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the test simulation box of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a card cage of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a rain spray of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the rain spray of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of the rain spray of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a test model box device; 11. a model box; 12. a card slot; 13. a support pillar; 14. a bracket rod; 15. a tunnel model; 16. a karst pipeline model; 17. a tunnel contour hole; 18. a slot clamping plate; 19. a surrounding rock like material; 2. a raindrop device; 21. a rain box; 211. a rainfall hole; 212. a rainfall sprayer; 22. a pressure valve; 23. a pressure pump; 24. a water pump; 25. a water storage tank; 26. a water delivery pipe; 3. a non-contact full displacement field measuring device; 31. a single lens reflex camera; 32. a tripod; 4. and (5) forming a mold.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the test device for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area in the embodiment includes a test model box device 1, a rainer device 2 fixed above the test model box device 1 for simulating rainfall, a non-contact full displacement field measuring device 3 fixed in front of the test model box device 1, a terrain mold 4 horizontally placed between the test model box device 1 and the rainer device 2 and having a bottom closely attached to the upper boundary of the test model box device 1, the terrain mold 4 can be clamped above the test model box device 1 for convenient carrying and disassembly, the terrain mold 4 is used for fixing the upper surface shape contour of the surrounding rock similar material 19 to form a simulated terrain for reflecting the actual landform, the bottom boundary of the simulated terrain closely attached to the upper boundary of the test model box device 1 for facilitating the rainfall to fall into the test model box device 1 completely through the simulation, the simulation effect of the test is improved. The device greatly improves the accuracy of the model test, not only realizes the accurate simulation of the geological condition of the karst area, but also accurately restores the terrain of the simulation area; in addition, the device can obtain the result of the dynamic change of the seepage field and an accurate seepage path.
In order to obtain a seepage path, a vertical clamping groove 12 is arranged in the middle of two inner sides of a model box 11 of the test model box device 1, and after a seepage test is finished, soil on one side is excavated and inserted into a clamping groove plate 18, so that the soil on one side is kept stable and is made of surrounding rock similar materials 19. Four angles of experimental model case device 1 are equipped with support column 13 respectively, and support column 13 top is equipped with four bracket poles 14 that are in same level apart from model case 11 upper boundary 50cm department, and bracket pole 14 passes through welded connection with support column 13 for rainbox 21 fixed mounting is in the stability of testing model case device 1 top, assurance simulation precipitation. The model box 11 is also provided with a tunnel contour hole 17 matched with the tunnel model 15 for installing the tunnel model.
In order to simulate the geological conditions, the test model box device 1 is internally filled with surrounding rock similar materials 19 aiming at different geological conditions in a layered mode, and a karst pipeline model 16 is buried in the surrounding rock similar materials 19, so that the accuracy of simulating the geological conditions of a karst area is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the rainer device 2 includes a raintank 21, a pressure valve 22, a pressure pump 23, a water pump 24, a water storage tank 25, and a water pipe 26 connected between the raintank 21 and the water storage tank 25. The rain-reducing tank 21, the pressure valve 22, the pressure pump 23, the water pump 24 and the water storage tank 25 are sequentially connected end to end through each water pipe 26, so that the simulated rainfall can be more finely controlled, and the stability and the uniformity of the rainfall are ensured. The rain case 21 bottom be equipped with evenly distributed and with rainfall shower nozzle 212 assorted rainfall hole 211, rainfall shower nozzle 212 inserts along rainfall hole 211 axial, guarantees the homogeneity of rainfall, and rainfall shower nozzle 212 is removable, is convenient for improve test device's utilization ratio, and other kinds also can be changed into to the rainfall shower nozzle, are favorable to improving the simulation effect.
In this embodiment, the non-contact full-displacement field measuring device 3 is composed of the single lens reflex 31 and the tripod 32 for fixedly supporting the single lens reflex 31, so as to realize dynamic monitoring of tunnel displacement and ensure the comprehensiveness, timeliness and accuracy of data acquisition. The single lens reflex 31 is fixed on the upper portion of the tripod 32, and the height and distance of the tripod 32 are adjusted, so that the measurement of the non-contact full displacement field measurement device 3 is adjustable.
In order to simulate the actual terrain, the terrain mould 4 is a thin-layer shell with an internal cavity and an opening at the bottom, the thickness is 4mm, the surrounding rock similar materials 19 can be conveniently filled, the real terrain of a simulated area can be formed, and the accuracy and operability of the simulated terrain can be guaranteed.
The tunnel model 15, the karst pipeline model 16, the rainfall spray nozzle 212 and the topographic mould 4 are all manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology, and C-UV9400 photosensitive resin printing materials are preferably used. By adopting the technology, the manufacturing efficiency, the manufacturing precision and the dimensional stability of the device can be improved, the machinability is high, and the manufacturing is simple and easy to operate.
When the device is used for a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: extracting topographic data: according to the requirements of simulating atmospheric precipitation on a dynamic influence test of a tunnel seepage field in a karst area, carrying out on-site survey on a simulated area, laying measurement control points, acquiring a terrain image by using unmanned aerial vehicles, and extracting data of the terrain image by using professional software.
S2: determination of test parameters: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, the test parameters such as the size, the position, the form and the like of the test model box device 1 and the rainfall device 2 to be researched are determined.
S3: production of the test model box device 1 and the topographic mold 4: determining the shapes, sizes and positions of the model box 11, the clamping groove 12, the supporting column 13, the bracket rod 14, the tunnel contour hole 17 and the clamping groove plate 18 according to the corresponding test parameters in the S2 and the tunnel burying conditions required by the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst region tunnel seepage field, and completing the manufacture; determining the shapes and the sizes of the tunnel model 15 and the karst pipeline model 16 according to geological conditions and tunnel conditions required by a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a karst area tunnel seepage field, and manufacturing the tunnel models one by adopting a 3D printing technology; and establishing a terrain three-dimensional model according to the corresponding terrain data in the S1 and terrain conditions required by the experiment for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst region tunnel seepage field, and manufacturing a terrain mold 4 by adopting a 3D printing technology.
S4: installation of the test device: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the seepage field of the tunnel in the karst region, sequentially connecting the rainfall device 2, placing the rainfall box 21 on the bracket rod 14 of the test model box device 1, and fixedly installing the rainfall spray head 212; and fixedly installing the non-contact full displacement field measuring device 3 in the axial direction of the tunnel contour hole 17, and adjusting the distance between the test model box device 1 and the non-contact full displacement field measuring device 3.
S5: stratum, tunnel and terrain simulation: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, surrounding rock similar materials 19 under different geological conditions are filled in a model box 11 in a layered mode, a tunnel model 15 is axially inserted along a tunnel contour hole 17, a water pressure testing device is installed, and a karst pipeline model 16 is installed in the surrounding rock similar materials 19; according to the requirements of the experiment for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, the surrounding rock similar material 19 is filled in the cavity inside the terrain mold 4 and is horizontally placed on the upper part of the model box 11, and the terrain mold 4 is slowly taken off to form a terrain model.
S6: and (3) putting a coloring agent: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, a brilliant blue coloring agent is selected, the optimal concentration ratio of the coloring agent is calculated, the coloring agent is put into a water storage tank 25, and brilliant blue coloring agent solution is prepared.
S7: initial water level simulation: according to the requirements of the experiment for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, water is slowly injected into the model box 11 to the designed height, and the initial water level is simulated.
S8: rainfall simulation: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and the rainfall parameters required by the test, the pressure valve 22 and the pressure pump 23 are adjusted, the water pump 24 is started, and rainfall simulation is carried out.
S9: dynamic collection of test data: in the rainfall process, the non-contact full displacement field measuring device 3 is adopted to dynamically collect the full displacement field photos of the tunnel model 15, and dynamically collect the tunnel water displacement and the water pressure of the tunnel model 15.
S10: obtaining a seepage path: stopping rainfall after the rainfall reaches the rainfall time required by the test, and closing the rainer device 2; after the model box device 1 is stabilized, surrounding rock similar materials 19 on one side are excavated layer by layer from the positions of the clamping grooves 12 of the model box 11, and the clamping groove plates 18 are vertically inserted layer by layer while excavating. After the surrounding rock similar material 19 on one side is excavated and inserted into the slot clamping plate 18, a single-lens reflex camera is adopted to shoot the section of the surrounding rock similar material 19 exposed after excavation, and a seepage path is drawn according to the distribution of the coloring agent on the section.
S11: adjustment of test parameters: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and the rainfall parameters required by the test, the pressure valve 22 and the pressure pump 23 are adjusted, the rainfall spray heads 212 are replaced according to the change of the test parameters, and the new rainfall parameter test can be carried out by repeating S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 and S10.
According to the method, the test parameters of the test model box device, the rainfall device, the non-contact full-displacement field measuring device and the terrain mold are determined according to the rainfall condition, the geological condition and the terrain condition of a required simulation area, and compared with the previous seepage model test which only considers a single stratum condition and does not consider terrain factors under the simulated rainfall condition, the accuracy of the model test is greatly improved, not only is the geological condition of a karst area accurately simulated, but also the terrain of the simulation area is accurately restored; in addition, the dynamic change process of the seepage field and the accurate seepage path can be obtained.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all the properties or uses are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A test device for simulating rainfall dynamic influence on karst tunnel seepage comprises a test model box device (1) for simulating a karst area and an internal tunnel thereof, a rainfall device (2) located above the test model box device (1) and used for simulating rainfall, a test model box device (1) used for shooting, and a non-contact full displacement field measuring device (3) for recording seepage paths, and is characterized in that the upper part of the test model box device (1) is connected with a simulation terrain, the simulation terrain is made of a terrain mold (4), the simulation terrain is located below the rainfall device (2), and the simulation terrain boundary is matched with the boundary above the test model box device (1);
the terrain mould (4) is a thin-layer shell with an internal cavity and an opening at the bottom and is used for fixing the shape and contour of the upper surface of a surrounding rock similar material (19) to form a simulated terrain reflecting the actual landform, and the terrain mould (4) is detachably connected to the upper part of the test model box device (1);
the test model box device (1) comprises a model box (11), wherein a tunnel model (15) is arranged in the model box (11), tunnel contour holes (17) matched with two ends of the tunnel model (15) are formed in the outer surface of the model box (11), surrounding rock similar materials (19) aiming at different geological conditions are filled in the model box (11) in a layered mode, and at least one karst pipeline model (16) is buried in the filled surrounding rock similar materials (19) according to test simulation requirements;
a vertical clamping groove (12) is formed in the middle of the inner side surface of the model box (11) connected with the surface of the tunnel contour hole (17) and used for inserting a clamping groove plate (18);
the test model box device (1) is a cuboid, four corners of the test model box device (1) are respectively provided with a support column (13), and four bracket rods (14) at the same horizontal height are arranged above the support columns (13);
the rain device (2) comprises a rain box (21), a pressure valve (22), a pressure pump (23), a water pump (24), a water storage tank (25) and a water conveying pipe (26) connected between the rain box (21) and the water storage tank (25); the rain box (21), the pressure valve (22), the pressure pump (23), the water pump (24) and the water storage tank (25) are sequentially connected end to end through each section of water conveying pipe (26), and a dyeing agent is put into water used by the rain device (2);
the bottom of the rain box (21) is provided with rain holes (211) which are uniformly distributed at intervals and matched with at least one rain spray head (212), and the rain spray heads (212) are axially inserted along the rain holes (211);
the tunnel model (15), the karst pipeline model (16), the rainfall spray head (212) and the terrain mould (4) are all manufactured into an integral structure by adopting a 3D printing technology;
the non-contact type full displacement field measuring device (3) comprises a single lens reflex (31) and a tripod (32) for supporting the single lens reflex (31), wherein the single lens reflex (31) is fixed on the upper part of the tripod (32).
2. A test method used based on the test device for simulating the influence of precipitation on the seepage dynamic of the karst tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps,
s1: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field in a karst area, carrying out on-site survey on a simulated area, laying measurement control points, acquiring a terrain image by using unmanned aerial vehicles, and extracting data of the terrain image by using professional software;
s2: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, determining the size, position, form and related test parameters of the test model box device (1) and the rainfall device (2) to be researched;
s3: determining the shape, size and position of a model box (11), a clamping groove (12), a supporting column (13), a bracket rod (14), a tunnel contour hole (17) and a clamping groove plate (18) according to the corresponding test parameters in S2 and tunnel burying conditions required by the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst region tunnel seepage field, and completing the manufacture; determining the shapes and the sizes of a tunnel model (15) and a karst pipeline model (16) according to geological conditions and tunnel conditions required by a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a karst area tunnel seepage field, and manufacturing the tunnel model and the karst pipeline model one by adopting a 3D printing technology; according to the corresponding topographic data in the S1 and topographic conditions required by the experiment for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the karst area tunnel seepage field, a topographic three-dimensional model is established, and a topographic mold (4) is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology;
s4: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area, sequentially connecting the rainfall devices (2), placing a rainfall box (21) on a bracket rod (14) of the test model box device (1), and fixedly installing a rainfall spray head (212); fixedly installing the non-contact full displacement field measuring device (3) in the axial direction of the tunnel contour hole (17), and adjusting the distance between the test model box device (1) and the non-contact full displacement field measuring device (3);
s5: according to the requirements of a dynamic influence test of simulated atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, surrounding rock similar materials (19) under different geological conditions are filled in a model box (11) in a layered mode, a tunnel model (15) is axially inserted along a tunnel contour hole (17), a water pressure testing device is installed, and a karst pipeline model (16) is installed in the surrounding rock similar materials (19); according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, filling corresponding surrounding rock similar materials (19) into a cavity in the terrain mold (4), horizontally placing the terrain mold on the upper part of a model box (11), and slowly taking off the terrain mold (4) to form a simulated terrain;
s6: calculating the optimal concentration ratio of a coloring agent according to the requirement of a dynamic influence test of simulated atmospheric precipitation on a karst region tunnel seepage field, putting the coloring agent into a water storage tank (25), and preparing a coloring agent solution;
s7: according to the requirements of a test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on a tunnel seepage field of a karst area, slowly injecting water into a model box (11) to a designed height, and simulating an initial water level;
s8: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and the rainfall parameters required by the test, adjusting a pressure valve (22) and a pressure pump (23), starting a water pump (24) and simulating rainfall;
s9: dynamic collection of test data: in the rainfall process, a non-contact full displacement field measuring device (3) is adopted to dynamically acquire the full displacement field photos of the tunnel model (15), and dynamically acquire the tunnel drainage and the water pressure of the tunnel model (15);
s10: stopping rainfall after the rainfall reaches the rainfall time required by the test, and closing the rainfall device (2); after the test model box device (1) is stabilized, excavating similar materials (19) of surrounding rocks on one side layer by layer from the position of a clamping groove (12) of a model box (11), vertically inserting clamping groove plates (18) layer by layer while excavating, after the similar materials (19) of the surrounding rocks on one side are completely excavated and inserted into the clamping groove plates (18), shooting the cross section of the similar materials (19) of the surrounding rocks exposed after excavation by using a single-lens reflex camera, and drawing a seepage path according to the distribution of coloring agents on the cross section;
s11: according to the requirements of the test for simulating the dynamic influence of atmospheric precipitation on the tunnel seepage field of the karst area and the rainfall parameters required by the test, the pressure valve (22) and the pressure pump (23) are adjusted, the rainfall spray head (212) is replaced according to the change of the test parameters, and the new rainfall parameter test can be carried out by repeating S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 and S10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010249336.7A CN111337409B (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010249336.7A CN111337409B (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111337409A CN111337409A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
| CN111337409B true CN111337409B (en) | 2021-12-10 |
Family
ID=71186397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010249336.7A Active CN111337409B (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2020-04-01 | Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111337409B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112504337B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-05-13 | 同济大学 | Soft soil precipitation and recharge model test device based on optical fiber monitoring |
| CN113776774A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 中交一公局第八工程有限公司 | Model device for simulating interaction between karst and tunnel |
| CN114062627A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Water resource diversion characteristic simulation experiment system |
| CN114429072B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-09-27 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Rich water karst tunnel homogeneity seepage flow monitoring system |
| CN114965953B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-07-21 | 湖南大学 | Movable door test device for influence of differential settlement on soil arch effect under seepage effect |
| CN115839822B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2023-05-09 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | System and method for testing process of submerged and pumping drainage of mountain tunnel induced by heavy rainfall |
| CN116256219B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Simulation loading device and test method for tunnel flooding-drainage process |
| CN117092012B (en) * | 2023-10-18 | 2023-12-19 | 华侨大学 | Tunnel excavation surrounding rock infiltration test device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110008909A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-27 | 한국지질자원연구원 | A ground contact type artificial rainfall apparatus for estimating infiltration characteristics into the ground and an in-situ infiltration velocity measurement equipment using thereof |
| CN103091214A (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2013-05-08 | 成都理工大学 | Under-dam seepage flow experiment apparatus |
| CN104330533A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Testing device and method for simulating collapse of tunnel surrounding rock under conditions of rainfall and underground water seepage |
| CN106872334A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-20 | 中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of method of the prominent mud Excavation simulation device of gushing water and the prominent mud disaster of simulation gushing water |
| CN109470501A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of similar reconstruction model experimental provision and method based on three-dimensional geological exploration |
-
2020
- 2020-04-01 CN CN202010249336.7A patent/CN111337409B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110008909A (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-01-27 | 한국지질자원연구원 | A ground contact type artificial rainfall apparatus for estimating infiltration characteristics into the ground and an in-situ infiltration velocity measurement equipment using thereof |
| CN103091214A (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2013-05-08 | 成都理工大学 | Under-dam seepage flow experiment apparatus |
| CN104330533A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Testing device and method for simulating collapse of tunnel surrounding rock under conditions of rainfall and underground water seepage |
| CN106872334A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-20 | 中铁二院昆明勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of method of the prominent mud Excavation simulation device of gushing water and the prominent mud disaster of simulation gushing water |
| CN109470501A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-03-15 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of similar reconstruction model experimental provision and method based on three-dimensional geological exploration |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 岩溶区地铁隧道相似模拟试验研究;杨秀竹 等;《铁道科学与工程学报》;20090831;第6卷(第4期);第40-45页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111337409A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111337409B (en) | Test device and method for simulating influence of rainfall on seepage dynamic of karst tunnel | |
| CN106567416B (en) | The model test apparatus and test method of tunnel excavation in a kind of transparent soil base | |
| CN107179396A (en) | Multifunctional built-up formula Geotechnical Engineering physics similar test system | |
| CN107144682A (en) | Simulate the experimental rig and method of earthquake and the influence of rainfall Upon Slope Stability | |
| CN107621524B (en) | Transparent soil model test device and test method for simulating tunnel excavation deformation | |
| CN108318396B (en) | Test method of tailing dam seepage field similarity simulation test system | |
| CN102426396B (en) | Testing apparatus for simulating deep-displacement-initiated strata deformation coordination mechanism | |
| CN113252549A (en) | Test device and method for simulating safe distance of shield tunneling in karst area | |
| CN108508141B (en) | Pile-supported reinforced embankment three-dimensional deformation field visualization test device and test method thereof | |
| CN110836961A (en) | Model test system and method for foundation pit construction stability research under influence of rainfall | |
| CN105040747B (en) | A kind of real-time monitoring device and method for pile works local scour experiment | |
| CN106769758B (en) | A kind of prismatical joint Seepage of Rock Masses experimental rig and production method | |
| CN111122337A (en) | Segment soil pressure model test device and method considering shield tail wall post-grouting influence | |
| CN103389260B (en) | Pile foundation hinders the simulation laboratory test method of seepage action of ground water | |
| CN109540935A (en) | For CT scan intact loess flow priority state observation device and application method | |
| CN105954499B (en) | Saturated yielding Loess Site carries out saturated yielding place evaluating method and device after fracture grouting reinforcing | |
| CN109024463B (en) | River model making method | |
| CN109798130A (en) | A kind of Multifunctional shield synchronous grouting model test apparatus | |
| CN106932555A (en) | In-situ ionic rare earth soaks the computational methods of the ore deposit single hole fluid injection radius of influence | |
| CN105527404A (en) | Test system and method for simulating ground loss extension in shield tunnel vertical section | |
| CN108205057A (en) | Underground engineering blocks the simulation test device that water circulation path causes city ground subsidence | |
| CN209372722U (en) | For CT scan intact loess flow priority state observation device | |
| CN108152476A (en) | A kind of Gu Gou protects plateau engineering measure simulator and its analogy method and application | |
| US11835508B2 (en) | Model test device for ground collapse caused by pipeline leakage | |
| CN216142758U (en) | Visual test device for simulating grouting of grouting holes in different positions of duct piece |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Yang Junsheng Inventor after: Wang Zijian Inventor after: Li Linyi Inventor after: Gao Chao Inventor after: Zhu Zhiheng Inventor after: Fu Jinyang Inventor after: Wang Shuying Inventor after: Zhang Xuemin Inventor after: Xiang Maolong Inventor before: Yang Junsheng Inventor before: Li Linyi Inventor before: Gao Chao Inventor before: Zhu Zhiheng Inventor before: Fu Jinyang Inventor before: Wang Shuying Inventor before: Zhang Xuemin Inventor before: Wang Zijian Inventor before: Xiang Maolong |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |