Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present application provides a circumferential gap measuring apparatus and a circumferential gap measuring method to measure the circumferential gap between a shaft and a hole.
According to the present application, a circumferential clearance measuring device is provided, the circumferential clearance measuring device comprising: the measuring device comprises a base, a holding assembly, a sensing element and a shaft clamp, wherein the holding assembly is rotatably supported by the base, the sensing element is mounted on the base, the shaft clamp is mounted on the base, the holding assembly is used for holding a ring of a component to be measured, the shaft clamp is used for holding a shaft of the component to be measured, so that the holding assembly drives the ring to rotate relative to the shaft, and the sensing element measures the circumferential gap of the ring relative to the shaft.
Preferably, the base is fixedly or movably mounted to a frame, the base is mounted with a driver for providing torque to the holding assembly, and the base is fixedly provided with a horizontal base plate having a first through hole; the horizontal sliding table is horizontally and slidably arranged on the horizontal base plate and is provided with a second through hole communicated with the first through hole; and the horizontal support platform is fixedly arranged on the base and is provided with a third through hole communicated with the first through hole, and the second through hole, the first through hole and the third through hole form a holding space.
Preferably, the holding assembly is arranged in the holding space under the support of the horizontal support platform and is matched with the horizontal sliding table, the holding assembly is provided with a central through hole used for accommodating a ring-shaped part in the part to be tested, and the holding assembly is in transmission connection with the driver so as to be capable of rotating around a vertical axis in a reciprocating mode.
Preferably, the shaft clamp is fixed to the base and located below the horizontal support table, for fixing a shaft in the component to be measured.
Preferably, the circumferential gap measuring apparatus further includes a ring clamp located above the shaft clamp for holding a ring together with the holding assembly.
Preferably, the circumferential gap measuring device further comprises a floating support plate, which is elastically connected to the horizontal support platform in the vertical direction below the horizontal support platform, for assisting the elastic support ring.
Preferably, the horizontal slide table is movable in two mutually perpendicular directions within a horizontal plane, and the sensing element measures displacement amounts of the horizontal slide table in the two directions.
Preferably, the driver is a rotary driver drivingly connected to the outer surface of the housing of the holding assembly by a gear mechanism; or the drivers are two linear drivers respectively hinged on two sides of the outer surface of the shell of the holding component.
Preferably, the actuator is a rotary actuator hinged to both sides of the outer surface of the housing of the holding assembly by a first transmission rod and a second transmission rod, respectively.
Preferably, the torque output by the driver is monitored and controlled within a predetermined range by a torque sensor.
According to the present application, there is also provided a circumferential clearance measurement method, including: a ring holding a part to be measured; a shaft holding a member to be measured; rotating the ring relative to the shaft; measuring an angular offset of the ring relative to the shaft about the axis of rotation, or measuring a displacement offset of the ring relative to the shaft in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
According to the technical scheme of the application, the holding assembly is used for holding the ring of the component to be measured, the shaft clamp is used for holding the shaft of the component to be measured, and when the holding assembly drives the ring to rotate relative to the shaft, the sensing element can obtain the size of the circumferential gap of the ring relative to the shaft by measuring the angular offset of the ring relative to the shaft around the rotation axis or measuring the displacement offset of the ring relative to the shaft in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.
Additional features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the circumferential gap measuring apparatus provided by the present application includes: the measuring device comprises a base 10, a holding assembly rotatably supported by the base 10, a sensing element mounted on the base 10 and a shaft clamp mounted on the base 10, wherein the holding assembly is used for holding a ring of a component to be measured, and the shaft clamp is used for holding a shaft of the component to be measured, so that the holding assembly drives the ring to rotate relative to the shaft, and the circumferential gap of the ring relative to the shaft is measured by the sensing element.
For the ring and the shaft of the component to be measured, the shaft is inserted into the ring and can translate in the axial direction. In order to prevent relative rotation between the two in the circumferential direction, a guide and limit pin extending in the axial direction is usually provided therebetween, but manufacturing and assembly errors of the pin can give play to the assembled ring and shaft in the circumferential direction, so that the shaft and ring can also have slight relative displacement in the circumferential direction. The object of the solution of the present application is to detect this circumferential clearance or circumferential offset, and thereby determine whether the circumferential clearance between the ring and the shaft assembled together is within the allowable range. It should be understood that in the technical solutions of the present application, the so-called "ring" should be understood in a broad sense, and it is not limited to a standard circular ring-shaped part, but refers to a ring-shaped or nearly ring-shaped or at least partially ring-shaped part having a circular hole for cooperating with a shaft, and the two are assembled together by guiding a limit pin, so as to realize an assembly in which the two are axially slidable with respect to each other.
The base 10 is fixedly or movably mounted to the frame to provide a mounting base for the various parts of the circumferential gap measuring apparatus. The structure of the base 10 is not particularly required, but may be selectively designed according to a specific operation condition. The base 10 rotatably supports a holding assembly for holding a ring in a member to be measured. The ring can thus rotate with the holder assembly relative to the base 10. The rotatable design of the holding assembly relative to the base 10 can be achieved in a number of ways, for example by bearings mounted between the base 10 and the holding assembly. Meanwhile, a shaft jig is mounted on the base 10 for holding the shaft in the part to be measured, thereby holding the shaft stationary. The base 10 is also provided with a sensing element, so that when the retaining assembly rotates the ring relative to the shaft, the circumferential clearance of the ring relative to the shaft is measured by the sensing element. In other words, the ring is rotatably held by the retaining assembly while the shaft is fixedly held by the shaft clamp, and then the circumferential gap between the ring and the shaft is determined by measuring the circumferential offset of the ring relative to the shaft by manually or externally applying torque (e.g., by using the driver 11 mounted on the base 10). For example, the angle by which both are offset in the circumferential direction may be detected.
As indicated above, the base 10 may have a suitable structural form. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the base 10 is fixedly provided with a horizontal substrate 13 having a first through hole 12, the base 10 is further fixedly provided with a horizontal support platform 16 having a third through hole 17 communicating with the first through hole 12, the horizontal substrate 13 and the horizontal support platform 16 are spaced from each other in a height direction, and the horizontal support platform 16 is located below the horizontal substrate 13. A horizontal slide table 14 is provided on the horizontal base plate 13 so as to be horizontally slidable, that is, the horizontal slide table 14 is slidable in at least one direction in a horizontal plane, but is preferably slidable in both directions at a predetermined angle, for example, slidable in both vertical directions in the horizontal plane. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the horizontal slide table 14 has a second through hole 15 communicating with the first through hole, so that the second through hole 15, the first through hole 12, and the third through hole 17 form a holding space 18. In the case where the horizontal sliding table 14 is movable in two mutually perpendicular directions within the horizontal plane, the sensing element measures the amount of displacement of the horizontal sliding table 14 in the two directions, so that the gap between the ring and the shaft in the circumferential direction can also be known.
The holding space 18 is used for placing a holding member 19, as shown in fig. 1 and 3. Specifically, a holding assembly 19 is arranged in the holding space 18 under the support of the horizontal support table 16 and is matched with the horizontal sliding table 14, the holding assembly 19 is provided with a central through hole for accommodating a ring-shaped part in a part to be tested, and the holding assembly 19 is in transmission connection with the driver 11 so as to be capable of reciprocating rotation around a vertical axis. The holding member 19 is rotatably arranged with respect to the base 10 after being arranged in the holding space 18. The holding member 19 has a structure matching with the ring member so as to allow the ring member with the shaft inserted therethrough to be held and held by the holding member 19, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the holding member 19 may be formed as a cylindrical member so as to hold the ring member in the cylindrical member, and a locking member (e.g., a locking pin) may be used to lock the ring member and the holding member 19 together.
Thus, when performing the measurement, the ring fitted with the shaft is now placed in the holding member 19, the ring is held by the holding member 19, and the shaft in the part to be measured is held by a shaft holder (not shown) fixed to the base 10 and located on the horizontal support base 16. In this state, the rotation of the holding assembly 19 can be achieved manually, so that the holding assembly and the ring clamped by the holding assembly rotate relative to the shaft, and the circumferential clearance between the ring and the shaft can be obtained by detecting the rotation angle or the displacement of the horizontal sliding table 14 on the horizontal plane.
Preferably, to accurately and controllably apply torque to the holding assembly 19, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a driver for applying torque to the holding assembly is mounted on the base 10. The actuator may be a rotary actuator drivingly connected to the outer surface of the housing of the holding assembly 19 by a gear mechanism; or, as shown in fig. 4, hinged to the two sides of the outer surface of the housing of the holding assembly 19 by means of a first transmission rod 22 and a second transmission rod 23, respectively. Thus, whether using a geared approach or two drive rods, the retainer assembly 19 can be caused to rotate back and forth in two opposite rotational directions, thereby more accurately detecting the circumferential gap between the ring and the shaft. As another embodiment, the actuator may be two linear actuators, respectively hinged to two sides of the outer surface of the housing of the holding assembly 19, such as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. Thus, with the cooperation of the two linear drives, a reciprocating rotation of the holding assembly 19 in two opposite rotational directions can also be achieved.
Further preferably, the torque output by the driver 11 is monitored and controlled within a predetermined range by a torque sensor. On the one hand, if the torque is too small, it is not easy to detect the true circumferential gap between the ring and the shaft, and on the other hand, if the torque is too large, the fitting relationship between the ring and the shaft is easily damaged. Therefore, by adding a torque sensor to monitor the amount of torque applied to the holding member 19, it is possible to avoid damage to the component to be measured while obtaining an accurate measurement result. The torque sensor can be selected from various sensors for detecting torque, and can be matched with a driving shaft of a driver to work normally.
As shown in fig. 1, the circumferential gap measuring device further comprises a floating support plate 21, wherein the floating support plate 21 is elastically connected to the horizontal support platform in the vertical direction below the horizontal support platform 16 and is used for assisting the elastic support of the ring member. The floating supporting plate 21 can be connected to the horizontal supporting table in the vertical direction through a spring, and through the design of the floating supporting plate 21, on one hand, the floating supporting plate can adapt to parts to be measured with different axial dimension parameters in the vertical direction, and on the other hand, the floating supporting plate also can support the ring piece of the part to be measured through elasticity so as to avoid the interference and influence of gravity on circumferential clearance measurement. Moreover, in the technical scheme of this application, through arranging the part that awaits measuring vertically, also avoid gravity to the interference and the influence of circumferential clearance measurement to can obtain more accurate measuring result.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the circumferential gap measuring apparatus further includes a ring clamp 20, and the ring clamp 20 is located above the shaft clamp and is used for holding a ring together with the holding assembly 19. The ring clamp 20 can releasably hold the ring so that the ring clamp 20 mainly clamps the ring when not measuring, and the ring can be released when measuring, thereby improving the stress state of the holding assembly and obtaining better detection results. The ring clamp 20 may have a variety of configurations, such as various calipers, and is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1 as two oppositely disposed jaws (which may be relatively close together or far apart).
The circumferential clearance measuring device provided by the present application is described in detail above. The following describes a circumferential gap measurement method provided by the present application, the circumferential gap measurement method including: a ring holding a part to be measured; a shaft holding a member to be measured; rotating the ring relative to the shaft; measuring an angular offset of the ring relative to the shaft about the axis of rotation, or measuring a displacement offset of the ring relative to the shaft in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
When the circumferential gap measuring device provided by the application is combined, the ring can be held by the holding assembly, the shaft can be held by the shaft clamp (not shown), the holding assembly is applied with a preset torque through the driver, the ring is driven to rotate relative to the shaft through the holding assembly, and then the gap between the ring and the shaft in the circumferential direction of the part to be measured can be measured by measuring the angular offset or the displacement offset in the horizontal plane of the ring, so that whether the circumferential gap is within an allowable range or not can be evaluated.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application within the technical idea of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiments, various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described in the present application.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.