CN111336958A - Side slope early warning system and method based on sound waves - Google Patents
Side slope early warning system and method based on sound waves Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/04—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by vibrating string
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- G08B21/18—Status alarms
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L21/00—Speech or voice signal processing techniques to produce another audible or non-audible signal, e.g. visual or tactile, in order to modify its quality or its intelligibility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slope early warning system and method based on sound waves, wherein the system comprises: the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data of the rock-soil layer and performing noise reduction processing on the noise data to obtain deformation data of the rock-soil layer; the data transmission unit is used for receiving the deformation data uploaded by the data acquisition unit, performing threshold judgment on the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result; and the alarm unit is used for receiving the alarm signal sent by the data transmission unit and carrying out alarm operation according to the alarm signal. According to the invention, the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer in real time, noise reduction processing is carried out on the noise data, threshold judgment is carried out on the deformation data, an alarm signal is generated, and the alarm unit is used for giving an alarm in real time according to the alarm signal, so that the function of monitoring the deformation state of the side slope in real time is achieved, and early warning is timely and effectively carried out on the health state of the side slope. The invention can be widely applied to the technical field of soil property monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil property monitoring, in particular to a slope early warning system and method based on sound waves.
Background
The rock-soil side slope can slowly deform under the influence of various surrounding environmental factors and geological effects, the rock-soil structure is continuously degenerated, and a landslide phenomenon can be generated when the deformation is overlarge, so that geological disasters are formed. Before geological disasters occur, if the geological disasters are not predicted in advance, huge losses can be caused to industrial and agricultural production and life and property of people. The existing slope monitoring technology comprises manual inspection and measurement by using a monitoring instrument, but the monitoring methods cannot monitor the state of the slope in real time, are troublesome to operate and cannot timely and effectively perform early warning on the health state of the slope.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve one of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to: the slope early warning system and method based on the sound waves can monitor the deformation state of the slope in real time so as to timely and effectively carry out early warning on the health state of the slope.
The first technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a slope pre-warning system based on sound waves, comprising:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data of the rock-soil layer and performing noise reduction processing on the noise data to obtain deformation data of the rock-soil layer;
the data transmission unit is used for receiving the deformation data uploaded by the data acquisition unit, performing threshold judgment on the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result;
and the alarm unit is used for receiving the alarm signal sent by the data transmission unit and carrying out alarm operation according to the alarm signal.
Further, the data acquisition unit comprises a guide pipe and a sensor module, wherein the guide pipe is used for monitoring noise data of the rock-soil layer, and the sensor module is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the noise data.
Further, the sensor module comprises a data conversion circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a secondary amplification circuit; the data conversion circuit is used for converting noise data into an electric signal; the primary amplification circuit is used for performing primary amplification on the electric signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering the electric signal after the first-stage amplification; and the secondary amplifying circuit is used for carrying out secondary amplification on the filtered electric signal.
Further, the data transmission unit comprises a communication module and a comparison module; and the comparison unit is used for judging the threshold value of the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to the judgment result.
Further, the threshold judgment is performed on the deformation data, and an alarm signal is generated according to a judgment result, which specifically includes:
acquiring an alarm threshold value;
and generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value.
Further, the communication module is a WiFi, 4G network or zigbee network.
Furthermore, the intelligent alarm system also comprises a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for providing a working power supply for the data acquisition unit, the data transmission unit and the alarm unit.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a slope early warning method based on sound waves comprises the following steps:
receiving deformation data obtained after noise reduction processing is carried out on noise data of a rock-soil layer by a data acquisition unit;
carrying out threshold judgment on the deformation data, and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result;
the alarm signal is sent to an alarm unit.
Further, the threshold judgment is performed on the deformation data, and an alarm signal is generated according to a judgment result, which specifically includes:
acquiring an alarm threshold value;
and generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value.
Further, the alarm threshold value comprises a displacement threshold value and a displacement rate threshold value of the rock-soil layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer in real time, noise reduction processing is carried out on the noise data, threshold value judgment is carried out on the deformation data through the data transmission unit, an alarm signal is generated according to the judgment result, and the alarm unit is used for carrying out real-time alarm operation according to the alarm signal, so that the function of monitoring the deformation state of the side slope in real time is achieved, and early warning is timely and effectively carried out on the health state of the side slope.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a sound wave based slope warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a slope early warning method based on sound waves according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. The step numbers in the following embodiments are provided only for convenience of illustration, the order between the steps is not limited at all, and the execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a slope early warning system based on sound waves, including:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data of the rock-soil layer and performing noise reduction processing on the noise data to obtain deformation data of the rock-soil layer; the noise data comprises noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer and noise data generated by other external factors when the rock-soil layer deforms. The noise data generated by the external factors include noise data generated when the bulldozer on the road surface is working. The deformation data comprises the displacement size and the displacement change rate of rock and soil on the rock and soil layer.
The data transmission unit is used for receiving the deformation data uploaded by the data acquisition unit, performing threshold judgment on the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result; the threshold value judgment is to compare the deformation data with a preset or pre-acquired maximum threshold value of the deformation data, and if the deformation data is larger than the maximum threshold value, dangerous conditions such as landslide and the like may occur on the side slope to which the rock-soil layer belongs.
And the alarm unit is used for receiving the alarm signal sent by the data transmission unit and carrying out alarm operation according to the alarm signal. The alarm unit may be an alarm device for receiving an alarm signal and issuing an early warning alarm, for example, an audible alarm or a light flashing phenomenon at a certain frequency.
In addition, when the data transmission unit and the alarm unit can not normally communicate or a certain unit module has a problem, the alarm unit can also perform alarm operation, for example, a yellow warning signal is sent out to urge a worker to check.
According to the embodiment, the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer in real time, noise reduction processing is performed on the noise data, threshold value judgment is performed on the deformation data through the data transmission unit, an alarm signal is generated according to a judgment result, the alarm unit is enabled to perform real-time alarm operation according to the alarm signal, and therefore the function of monitoring the deformation state of the side slope in real time is achieved, and early warning is performed on the health state of the side slope timely and effectively.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the data acquisition unit includes a guide pipe for monitoring noise data of the rock-soil layer and a sensor module for performing noise reduction processing on the noise data. The pipe inserts the ground in situ perpendicularly to with the sensor laminating together, the deformation in ground layer can cause the disturbance to the pipe and produce a kind of noise data named "acoustic emission", and then transmits for the sensor module. The frequency of the noisy data is typically between 1KHz and 1 MHz. Of course, the conduit can also be transversely placed on the surface of the rock-soil layer, particularly based on a method with higher precision in the monitoring process. In order to better receive noise data transmitted by the conduit, the sensor module is buried in the surface of the rock-soil layer. In other embodiments, the sensor module may be located elsewhere provided that noisy data transmitted by the catheter can be received.
This embodiment passes through pipe monitoring ground layer deformation process, produces the noise data according to ground deformation to transmit the sensor module with the noise data, thereby ensure the real-time of data, with the function of realizing real-time supervision side slope deformation.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the sensor module includes a data conversion circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a filter circuit, and a secondary amplification circuit; the data conversion circuit is used for converting noise data into an electric signal; the primary amplification circuit is used for performing primary amplification on the electric signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering the electric signal after the first-stage amplification; and the secondary amplifying circuit is used for carrying out secondary amplification on the filtered electric signal.
Specifically, since the data generated by the duct is sound data, the stability of the sound data with respect to the transmission of the electrical signal during transmission is poor, and therefore, the stability of data transmission is improved by converting the sound data into the electrical signal through the data conversion circuit. Meanwhile, the converted electric signal is weak in strength and may not reach the minimum value in the data transmission and filtering process, so that the electric signal is subjected to primary amplification through a primary amplification circuit, then the signal with low frequency is removed through a filtering circuit, and finally, the electric signal is subjected to secondary amplification through a secondary amplification circuit, so that the electric signal reaches the minimum threshold value of data transmission and identification, and the stability and the effectiveness of the data transmission process are improved.
Of course, in the present embodiment, the sensor module may also be composed of a high-precision acoustic wave sensor.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the data transmission unit includes a communication module and a comparison module; and the comparison unit is used for judging the threshold value of the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to the judgment result. The comparison unit is respectively connected with the data acquisition unit and the alarm unit through the communication module. The comparison module may be composed of one or more comparators, one input end of each comparator has a fixed input value, and the other input end of each comparator is used for inputting data transmitted by the data acquisition end element. The fixed input value of the comparator is determined by the displacement and/or displacement rate of the slope impending landslide, for example, a voltage value corresponding to a slope deformation displacement of 40mm and/or a displacement rate of 0.1 mm/s.
In the embodiment, the comparison module compares the size of the data transmitted by the data acquisition unit and then generates the alarm signal, so that the function of real-time monitoring is realized, and meanwhile, the working accuracy of the alarm unit is improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the threshold judgment on the deformation data and the generation of the alarm signal according to the judgment result specifically include:
acquiring an alarm threshold value; the size of the alarm threshold is determined by the displacement and/or the displacement rate of the slope when dangerous phenomena such as landslide and the like are about to occur. The displacement and/or displacement rate of rock-soil layers are different when dangerous phenomena such as landslide occur in different geologies, and therefore the alarm threshold values required to be set for different geologies are different in size.
Generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value; and after the deformation data is determined to be less than or equal to the alarm threshold value, no alarm signal is generated. The alarm signal is a command for driving the alarm unit to perform alarm operation.
In the embodiment, the alarm signal is generated by comparing the deformation data with the alarm threshold value, so that the phenomenon of false alarm of the alarm unit is avoided, and the service life of the alarm unit is prolonged.
In a preferred embodiment, the communication module is a wireless communication system such as WiFi, 4G network or zigbee network.
The embodiment saves the equipment cost and simultaneously widens the application range of the system by adopting a wireless communication mode.
Of course, the present embodiment may also use wired transmission, which is determined by actual working requirements.
As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent monitoring system further comprises a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for providing a working power supply for the data acquisition unit, the data transmission unit and the alarm unit. The power supply unit can adopt a solar power supply device, and the solar power supply device is placed above the guide pipe, so that the solar energy in the environment can be conveniently received, and the power supply requirement can be ensured.
In addition, referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a slope early warning method based on sound waves, and the embodiment applies a data transmission unit of the system shown in fig. 1, where the data transmission unit is respectively in communication with a data acquisition unit and an alarm unit.
The present embodiment includes steps S210 to S230:
s210, receiving deformation data obtained after noise reduction processing is carried out on noise data of a rock-soil layer by a data acquisition unit;
specifically, the rock-soil layer can deform under the influence of the environment effect, and the deformation can disturb the conduit, so that the redistribution of the internal stress of the conduit material is caused, the mechanical energy is converted into sound energy, and elastic waves are generated and transmitted to the sensor through the conduit. The noise data is converted into an electric signal in the sensor, the electric signal is amplified by the preamplifier, and then the low-frequency environment noise is filtered by the filter by utilizing the noise suppression circuit. And then the main amplifier further amplifies the signals, so that deformation data which can be received by the data transmission unit is obtained. The preamplifier is also called a primary amplifying circuit. The main amplifier is also called a secondary amplifying circuit. In a specific embodiment, the higher the acoustic wave frequency is, the larger the deformation displacement and displacement rate of the rock and soil are. Before the deformation data is transmitted, the deformation data is analyzed, whether the frequency range of the deformation data and the waveform characteristics of the signals meet the characteristics of the sound waves generated by the slope deformation or not is judged, if not, the process continues to be circulated in the step S210, and if yes, the process continues to the step S220.
S220, performing threshold judgment on the deformation data, and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result;
specifically, the deformation data comprises the displacement amount and the displacement rate of the rock-soil layer, the change of the displacement amount represents the distance of the current rock-soil layer deviating from the initial position, and the change of the displacement rate reflects the risk condition that the rock-soil layer landslide appears: the larger the displacement rate is, the faster the rock-soil layer displacement is, and the larger the risk is; the smaller the displacement rate is, the slower the rock-soil layer displacement is, and the smaller the risk is. The step is combined with the change of the displacement amount and the displacement rate to judge whether the displacement amount exceeds the alarm threshold value, if the displacement amount exceeds the alarm threshold value, the step S230 is executed, and if the displacement amount does not exceed the alarm threshold value, the step S210 is executed.
And S230, sending the alarm signal to an alarm unit to enable the alarm unit to carry out alarm operation.
According to the method, the deformation data obtained after noise reduction processing is carried out on noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer transmitted by the data acquisition unit is received in real time, then threshold value judgment is carried out on the deformation data, and an alarm signal is generated according to a judgment result, so that the alarm unit carries out real-time alarm operation according to the alarm signal, the function of monitoring the deformation state of the slope in real time is achieved, and early warning is carried out on the health state of the slope in time and effectively.
As a preferred embodiment, the threshold judgment on the deformation data and the generation of the alarm signal according to the judgment result specifically include:
acquiring an alarm threshold value; the size of the alarm threshold is determined by the displacement and/or the displacement rate of the slope when dangerous phenomena such as landslide and the like are about to occur. The displacement and/or displacement rate of rock-soil layers are different when dangerous phenomena such as landslide occur in different geologies, and therefore the alarm threshold values required to be set for different geologies are different in size.
Generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value; and after the deformation data is determined to be less than or equal to the alarm threshold value, no alarm signal is generated. And the alarm signal is used for driving an alarm unit to carry out an alarm operation command.
In the embodiment, the alarm signal is generated by comparing the deformation data with the alarm threshold value, so that the phenomenon of false alarm of the alarm unit is avoided, and the service life of the alarm unit is prolonged.
In a preferred embodiment, the alarm threshold includes a displacement threshold and a displacement rate threshold of the rock-soil layer.
Specifically, the change of the displacement represents the distance of the current rock-soil layer from the initial position, and the change of the displacement rate reflects the risk condition that the rock-soil layer has landslide: the larger the displacement rate is, the faster the rock-soil layer displacement is, and the larger the risk is; the smaller the displacement rate is, the slower the rock-soil layer displacement is, and the smaller the risk is. In the embodiment, the accuracy of the judgment result is improved by respectively setting the displacement threshold and the displacement rate threshold.
In summary, in the embodiment of the invention, the data acquisition unit acquires noise data generated by deformation of the rock-soil layer in real time, performs noise reduction processing on the noise data, performs threshold judgment on the deformation data through the data transmission unit, generates the alarm signal according to the judgment result, and enables the alarm unit to perform real-time alarm operation according to the alarm signal, so that the function of monitoring the deformation state of the slope in real time is achieved, and early warning is timely and effectively performed on the health state of the slope.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a side slope early warning system based on sound wave which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring noise data of the rock-soil layer and performing noise reduction processing on the noise data to obtain deformation data of the rock-soil layer;
the data transmission unit is used for receiving the deformation data uploaded by the data acquisition unit, performing threshold judgment on the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result;
and the alarm unit is used for receiving the alarm signal sent by the data transmission unit and carrying out alarm operation according to the alarm signal.
2. The sound wave-based slope early warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition unit comprises a guide pipe and a sensor module, wherein the guide pipe is used for monitoring noise data of a rock-soil layer, and the sensor module is used for carrying out noise reduction processing on the noise data.
3. A sound wave based slope pre-warning system according to claim 2, wherein: the sensor module comprises a data conversion circuit, a primary amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a secondary amplification circuit; the data conversion circuit is used for converting noise data into an electric signal; the primary amplification circuit is used for performing primary amplification on the electric signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering the electric signal after the first-stage amplification; and the secondary amplifying circuit is used for carrying out secondary amplification on the filtered electric signal.
4. The sound wave-based slope early warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the data transmission unit comprises a communication module and a comparison module; and the comparison unit is used for judging the threshold value of the deformation data and generating an alarm signal according to the judgment result.
5. The sound wave-based slope early warning system according to claim 4, wherein: the threshold judgment is carried out on the deformation data, and an alarm signal is generated according to the judgment result, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring an alarm threshold value;
and generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value.
6. The sound wave-based slope early warning system according to claim 4, wherein: the communication module is a WiFi, 4G network or zigbee network.
7. The sound wave-based slope early warning system according to claim 1, wherein: the intelligent alarm system also comprises a power supply unit, wherein the power supply unit is used for providing a working power supply for the data acquisition unit, the data transmission unit and the alarm unit.
8. A slope early warning method based on sound waves is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
receiving deformation data obtained after noise reduction processing is carried out on noise data of a rock-soil layer by a data acquisition unit;
carrying out threshold judgment on the deformation data, and generating an alarm signal according to a judgment result;
the alarm signal is sent to an alarm unit.
9. The sound wave-based slope early warning method according to claim 8, wherein: the threshold judgment is carried out on the deformation data, and an alarm signal is generated according to the judgment result, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring an alarm threshold value;
and generating an alarm signal after the deformation data is determined to be larger than the alarm threshold value.
10. The acoustic wave based slope early warning method according to claim 9, wherein: the alarm threshold value comprises a displacement threshold value and a displacement rate threshold value of the rock-soil layer.
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| CN202010115893.XA CN111336958A (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | Side slope early warning system and method based on sound waves |
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| CN202010115893.XA CN111336958A (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2020-02-25 | Side slope early warning system and method based on sound waves |
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| CN112946631A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Point domain identification system and method for slope risk monitoring |
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Application publication date: 20200626 |
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